EXAMPLE OF AN ANALYTICAL REPORT
EXPERIMENT 1
Standardization of sodium hydroxide using potassium hydrogen phthalate (volume/volume
titration).
NB NKOSI 20124561
Laboratory: 2402 Locker number: 23
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1. Aim
To standardize a sodium hydroxide solution with the primary standard potassium hydrogen
phthalate using a volume/volume titration.
2. Equation
KH(C8H4O4)(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaK(C8H4O4)(aq) + H2O(l)
3. Reagents
AR Potassium hydrogen phthalate (KH(C8H4O4) or KHP) (Molar mass = 204.23 g mol–1)
Sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) (ca 0.1 M)
Phenolphthalein indicator
4. Preliminary calculation
1. Mass of potassium hydrogen phthalate needed to prepare 250 mL of approximately 0.10 M
potassium hydrogen phthalate solution:
Moles of KHC8H4O4 = 0.10 mol. L-1 x 0.25 L = 0.025 mol
Mass of KHC8H4O4 = 0.025 mol x 204.224 g. mol-1 = 5.1 g mol
Preparation: Weigh approximately 5.1 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate accurately by
difference into a 250 mL volumetric flask, dissolve with deionized water and dilute to the
mark, mix well.
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5. Flow Chart
5.1. Preparation of approximately 0.10 M potassium hydrogen phthalate standard solution
Weigh approximately 5.1 g of potassium hydrogen
phthalate accurately by difference into 250 mL
volumetric flask. Record the mass.
Dissolve potassium hydrogen phthalate with
deionized water, swirl until all dissolved. Dilute to
the mark and mix well.
Calculate the concentration of potassium
hydrogen phthalate prepared.
5.2 Standardisation of approximately 0.10 M NaOH solution using standard 0.10 M potassium hydrogen
phthalate solution
Pipette 25.00 mL of approximately 0.10 M
potassium hydrogen phthalate solution and Burette:
transfer to a conical flask. Approximately 0.10 M
NaOH
Titrate
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Add 2-3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator.
Yes No
Colour changes from colourless
to faint pink.
Add more NaOH
Read burette
6.
Results
SURNAME, INITIALS:
STUDENT NUMBER: LAB:
EXPERIMENT 2: STANDARDIZATION OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE AGAINST
POTASSIUM HYDROGEN PHTHALATE
Equation: KHC8H4O4(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaKC8H4O(aq) + H2O(l)
Table 1 Masses of KHC8H4O4 weighed into conical flasks
Flask
Mass vial + KHC8H4O4 (g) Mass vial + residue (g) Mass KHC8H4O4 (g)
No
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Table 2 Volumes of NaOH titrated against solid KHC8H4O4
Initial burette Final burette Volume
Flask Mass [NaOH]
reading reading NaOH
No KHC8H4O4 (g) (M)
(mL) (mL) (mL)
Average [NaOH] = M
7. Final Calculations
7.1 Molar concentration of KHC8H4O4:
Moles KHC8H4O4 = = mol
[KHC8H4O4] = = mol. L-1
7.2 Molar concentration of NaOH
Moles KHC8H4O4 = mol. L-1 x L = mol
KHC8H4O4(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaKC8H4O(aq) + H2O(l)
Moles NaOH = mol
[NaOH] = = mol. L-1
8. Conclusion
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