CHAPTER 6 The forum that grew into the G8 was founded in the

early 1970s. Though it initially included only four

GLOBAL DIVIDES: THE NORTH AND member countries (the US, UK, West Germany, and
THE SOUTH France), it quickly added Japan, Italy, and Canada
and became the Group of Seven (G7) in 1976. Russia
accepted an invitation to join in 1997, forming the G8.
However, when Russia annexed the Ukrainian region of
Crimea in 2014, its membership in the G8 was
suspended. The remaining members reverted to the G7
name, and Russia officially withdrew from the group
in 2017.

These seven nations have about 58% of the world's

total wealth at about $317 trillion. Over 46% of the
world's nominal GDP is represented in these nations.

The forum was founded to facilitate macroeconomic

initiatives following the collapse of the exchange rate in
1971. "The group meets every year to talk about
economic policies and has taken on many initiatives
North hemisphere = North nations
throughout the years, including an initiative for the
South hemisphere = South nations world's heavily indebted poor countries in 1996 and a
meeting to discuss the global financial crisis of the
GLOBAL NORTH GLOBAL SOUTH
2000s.
1. Home to all Largely corresponds to
members of G8 and the Third World
4 of the 5
permanent members
of the UN Security
Council
2. The United States, Africa Latin America
Canada, and
Western Europe
3. Developed parts of Developing Asia, and the
Asia, Australia, and Middle East
New Zealand

The Group of Eight, or G8, was the name of a political

forum that ran from 1997 until 2014. Devoted to
addressing global issues such as world hunger, security,
Northern Hemisphere
medicine, and poverty, its membership included the
following nations: ✗ Rich, Industrialized Wealthy Nations
1. France ✗ Democratic Capitalist Countries
2. Germany
3. Italy Southern Hemisphere
4. Japan
5. United Kingdom ✗ Poor, Agricultural Developing Nations
6. United States
7. Canada ✗ Non-Democratic Countries
8. Russia
9. The European Union ("non-enumerated" member)
 Concepts of Sociological Relations Implications

Major Premise • The sameness represents the cultural

• 95% of the North has enough food and shelter. homogenization many critics have associated with
Similarly, 95% of the North has a functioning globalization. (Same as the rich influenced the
educational system. In the South, on the other poor).
hand, only 5% of the population has enough food
and shelter. • The spaces of affluence in the developing world may
Prevalent mirror the Global North
• Lacks of appropriate technology, and no political
stability, the economies are disarticulated, and the • The spaces of underdevelopment in developed
foreign exchange earnings depend on primary countries may mirror the poverty of the Global
product exports. South.

Concepts of Economic Relations • The global economic integration is not inevitable

given the rise of new technologies; it is, more
Major Premise importantly, a normative international goal.
• The North one-quarter of the world's population- (Globalism: Steger)
controls four-fifths of the income earned anywhere
in the world. 90% of the manufacturing industries • The Dominant ideology of colonialism and the topic
are owned by and located in the North. Inversely, that shaped the birth of international order.
the South three-quarters of the world's population
has access to one-fifth of the world's income. • Outlined the historical progression of a society's
Prevalent capacity to produce and consume material goods.
• The countries with capital will, unfortunately, (Modernization Theory, Rostow).
become investors of countries incapable of
developing industry. The regulation of policies and
laws is the way to attract investors. (Information on the presentation only. E-book
information was not included. This will be updated
before exam.)
Concepts of Natural Resources Relations
Major Premise
• The South's lack of development and the high level
of development of the North deepened the
inequality between them and left the South a source
of raw material for the developed countries. The
North becomes synonymous with economic
development and industrialization while the
South represents the previously colonized
countries that need help in the form of
international aid agendas.
Prevalent
• An aftermath effect of the Age of Imperialism on the
Western world.

Concepts of Global Relations

Major Premise - The underdevelopment of certain

states/peoples and their lack of representation in the
global political process is a reality
Prevalent - Imbalances of Aggregate economics and
political power between states Interstate dimensions