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Programming Fundamental

The document provides an overview of file handling in C, including common operations, file pointers, modes, and functions. It also includes a task to store student information using file handling, demonstrated through a sample C program that captures a student's name, roll number, and marks, and writes this data to a file. Key functions such as fopen, fclose, and fprintf are highlighted for file operations.

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10 views3 pages

Programming Fundamental

The document provides an overview of file handling in C, including common operations, file pointers, modes, and functions. It also includes a task to store student information using file handling, demonstrated through a sample C program that captures a student's name, roll number, and marks, and writes this data to a file. Key functions such as fopen, fclose, and fprintf are highlighted for file operations.

Uploaded by

targetkiller2946
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTAL’S LAB

ASSIGNMENT

FILE HANDLING:
File handling in C language refers to the process of creating, reading, writing, and
manipulating files on a storage device. It allows you to store data permanently on disk for
future use. Here's a brief overview of file handling concepts in C:

1. File Operations: Common file operations include:

o Creating a new file


o Opening an existing file
o Reading data from a file
o Writing data to a file
o Closing a file

2. File Pointer: To perform file operations, you need a file pointer. It is a pointer of
type FILE that keeps track of the current position in the file.

3. File Modes: When opening a file, you specify the mode in which you want to
access the file, such as:
o "r": Read mode (opens an existing file for reading)
o "w": Write mode (creates a new file or truncates an existing file for writing)
o "a": Append mode (opens a file for appending data)
o "r+": Read/Write mode (opens an existing file for both reading and writing)
o "w+": Read/Write mode (creates a new file or truncates an existing file for
both reading and writing)
o "a+": Read/Write mode (opens a file for both reading and writing, appending
data to the end)

4. File Handling Functions: Common functions used in file handling include:

o fopen(): Opens a file and returns a file pointer


o fclose(): Closes an opened file
o fgetc(): Reads a character from a file
o fputc(): Writes a character to a file
o fgets(): Reads a string from a file
o fputs(): Writes a string to a file
o fread(): Reads a block of data from a file
o fwrite(): Writes a block of data to a file

TASK
Storing student’s information using file handling.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Student {
char name[50];
int rollNo;
float marks;
};

int main() {
struct Student student;
FILE *file;
file = fopen("student_data.txt", "w");
if (file == NULL) {
printf("Error opening file!\n");
exit(1);
}
printf("Enter student name: ");
fgets(student.name, sizeof(student.name), stdin);
printf("Enter roll number: ");
scanf("%d", &student.rollNo);
printf("Enter marks: ");
scanf("%f", &student.marks);
fprintf(file, "Name: %s", student.name);
fprintf(file, "Roll Number: %d\n", student.rollNo);
fprintf(file, "Marks: %.2f\n", student.marks);
fclose(file);
printf("Data written to file successfully.\n");

return 0;
}

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