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History 3

India's history spans thousands of years, beginning with the Indus Valley Civilization and the arrival of the Aryans, leading to significant empires like the Maurya and Gupta. The medieval period saw the rise of Islamic rule under the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire, known for its cultural achievements. The British colonial era culminated in India's independence in 1947, after which it has evolved into a major global economy while preserving its rich cultural heritage.

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6 views1 page

History 3

India's history spans thousands of years, beginning with the Indus Valley Civilization and the arrival of the Aryans, leading to significant empires like the Maurya and Gupta. The medieval period saw the rise of Islamic rule under the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire, known for its cultural achievements. The British colonial era culminated in India's independence in 1947, after which it has evolved into a major global economy while preserving its rich cultural heritage.

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### History of India

India has a rich and diverse history that spans thousands of years, shaped by
various civilizations, empires, and cultural influences.

**Ancient India:**
The earliest known civilization in India was the Indus Valley Civilization (c.
2500–1900 BCE), known for its advanced urban planning and trade networks. Around
1500 BCE, the Aryans migrated into the subcontinent, bringing Vedic culture and
laying the foundation for Hinduism. The Maurya Empire (321–185 BCE), under Emperor
Ashoka, saw the spread of Buddhism. Later, the Gupta Empire (c. 319–550 CE) marked
a golden age of science, art, and literature.

**Medieval India:**
By the 12th century, Islamic rulers, including the Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526),
gained control. The Mughal Empire (1526–1857) brought remarkable developments in
architecture, administration, and culture. Akbar, Jahangir, and Shah Jahan promoted
religious tolerance and built landmarks like the Taj Mahal. However, the empire
declined by the 18th century.

**Colonial Era and Independence Movement:**


By the mid-18th century, the British East India Company took control, leading to
British rule in 1858. India’s struggle for independence gained momentum in the 20th
century, led by Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Subhash Chandra Bose. After
years of protests and movements like the Non-Cooperation and Quit India Movement,
India gained independence on August 15, 1947.

**Modern India:**
Post-independence, India adopted a democratic system and developed rapidly in
science, economy, and technology. Today, it is one of the world's largest
economies, maintaining its cultural and historical heritage while advancing in
global affairs.
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