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Collection of Data Short Notes

Data collection is the process of gathering information for analysis, with primary data collected firsthand and secondary data being previously gathered. Various methods exist for collecting primary data, including personal investigation and questionnaires, while secondary data can come from published or unpublished sources. Good data should be accurate, relevant, complete, and reliable, and data collection can be done through census or sample surveys, each with its own advantages and potential errors.

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86 views2 pages

Collection of Data Short Notes

Data collection is the process of gathering information for analysis, with primary data collected firsthand and secondary data being previously gathered. Various methods exist for collecting primary data, including personal investigation and questionnaires, while secondary data can come from published or unpublished sources. Good data should be accurate, relevant, complete, and reliable, and data collection can be done through census or sample surveys, each with its own advantages and potential errors.

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shivam387872
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Short Notes: Collection of Data

1. **Meaning of Data Collection**:


- It is the process of gathering information for statistical analysis.

2. **Types of Data**:
- **Primary Data**: Collected firsthand for a specific purpose.
- **Secondary Data**: Already collected data, used for analysis.

3. **Methods of Collecting Primary Data**:


- **Direct Personal Investigation**: Researcher collects data personally.
- **Indirect Oral Investigation**: Information collected from witnesses.
- **Questionnaire Method**: Data collected using written questions.
- **Schedule Method**: Enumerators collect data by asking respondents.

4. **Sources of Secondary Data**:


- **Published Sources**: Government reports, newspapers, journals.
- **Unpublished Sources**: Internal records of organizations.

5. **Characteristics of Good Data**:


- **Accuracy**: Free from errors.
- **Relevance**: Related to the objective.
- **Completeness**: Sufficient for analysis.
- **Reliability**: Collected from trusted sources.

6. **Census vs. Sample Survey**:


- **Census**: Data collected from the entire population (Time-consuming, costly).
- **Sample Survey**: Data collected from a small group (Less time-consuming, cost-effective).

7. **Sampling Methods**:
- **Random Sampling**: Equal chance for all units to be selected.
- **Stratified Sampling**: Population divided into groups, then sampled.
- **Systematic Sampling**: Every nth unit is selected.

8. **Errors in Data Collection**:


- **Sampling Error**: Due to selecting a sample instead of the full population.
- **Non-Sampling Error**: Due to biases, misreporting, or incorrect data entry.

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