PLUS ONE
MATHEMATICS
STATISTICS
RECAP OF IMPORTANT MEDIAN:
FORMULAE Arranging the observations in ascending or
descending order.
Find cumulative frequency
For Individual Frequency Distribution,
∑xi If N is odd,
Mean : -x = n , where n is the number of
observations. Find ( N+1 )th term in c.f.
2
Median (M)= corresponding observation
of the c.f
If N is even
Median:
Median (M)= average of the observations
Arranging the observations in ascending or n th n th
descending order. of the c.f of ( 2 ) and ( 2 +1) terms.
Count the number of observations (n)
If n is odd, median, M= n+1
( ) th observation.
2 02. find the median of the following data,
which gives the marks, out of 50 ,
If n is even, median, obtained by 100 students in a test :
n th
( )
2
n
observation +( 2 +1) observation
th
Marks obtained 20 29 28 33 42 38 43 25
M= Number of students 6 28 24 15 2 4 1 20
2
01. Consider now the runs scored by bats-
man in his last ten matches as follows:
Batsman : 30, 91, 0, 64, 42, 80, 30, 5, 117,
71. Find Median of the data.
FOR GROUPED OR CONTINUOUS FREQUEN-
CY DISTRIBUTION
MEAN:
∑fixi
-
x = N , where N=∑fi
MEDIAN:
N
- cf
2
FOR UNGROUPED OR DISCRETE SERIES M=I+ ×h
f
Where l = lower limit of the median class;
MEAN:
cf = cumulative frequency of the class
∑fixi just preceding (above) the median class,
-
x = N (where N=∑fi)
f = frequency of the median class
h = class interval and N=∑fi)
ADMISSION STARTED 6009 100 300 3
INTRODUCTION TO MEASURE OF
DISPERSION
03. The following table represents the age
group of employees working in a certain MEASURES OF DISPERSION
company. Find Mean.
The dispersion or scatter in a data is measured
Age Group Number of people on the basis of the observations and the types
of the measure of central tendency, used there.
15-25 25 There are following measures of dispersion:
25-35 54 Range
35-45 34 Quartile deviation
45-55 20 Mean deviation
Standard deviation
RANGE
Range of a series = Maximum value - Minimum
value .
05. Find Range of the given observation
Consider now the runs scored by bats-
man in his last ten matches as follows:
Batsman : 30, 91, 0, 64, 42, 80, 30, 5, 117, 71
04. Find the median of following data..
Marks Number of students
0 -10 5
10 - 20 3
20 - 30 4
30 - 40 3
40 - 50 3
50 - 60 4
MEAN DEVIATION
60 - 70 7
70 - 80 9 Thus, to find the measure of dispersion from
a fixed number ' a ' we may take the mean of
80 - 90 7 the absolute values of the deviations from the
90 - 100 8 central value. This mean is called the 'mean
deviation'. Thus mean deviation about a cen-
tral value ' a ' is the mean of the absolute val-
ues of the deviations of the observations from '
a '. The mean deviation from ' a ' is denoted as
M.D. (a).
Sum of absolute values of deviations from 'a'
M.D. (a)= Number of observations
ADMISSION STARTED 6009 100 300 4
MEAN DEVIATION FOR
UNGROUPED DATA MEAN DEVIATION FOR GROUPED DATA
(a) Discrete frequency distribution,
n
∑ | xi - a| (b) Continuous frequency distribution.
M.D.(a)= n
i=1
(A) DISCRETE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
Mean deviation about the mean (i) Mean deviation about mean
Mean, 1
x‾ =
n
1 ∑ xi fi
‾) = ∑ |xi -x‾|, where x‾ = Mean
n
M.D. (x n i=1
n i=1
Mean deviation about mean,
Mean deviation about the median
∑fi|xi - x‾ |
n
1 n
‾) =
M.D. (x = ∑fi|xi - x‾|
i=1
1
n
n
∑ fi
i=1
n
M.D. (M) = ∑ |xi - M |, where M= Median
n i=1
i=1
(ii)Mean deviation about median
1 n
M.D.(M) = ∑fi|xi - M|
n i=1
06. Consider the numbers: 4, 7, 8, 9,
10,12,13,17.
(a) Find the mean of the numbers. (B) CONTINUOUS FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION.
(b) Find the mean deviation about the
mean (i) Mean deviation about mean,
∑fi|xi - x‾ |
n
1 n
‾) =
M.D. (x = ∑fi|xi - x‾|
i=1
n
n
∑ fi
i=1
i=1
(ii)Mean deviation about median
1 n
M.D.(M) = ∑fi|xi - M|
n i=1
07. Find the mean deviation about
the median for the following data:
3,9,5,3,12,10,18,4,7,19,21. Space for Keynotes
ADMISSION STARTED 6009 100 300 5
VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION
08. A public opinion polling agency sur- UNGROUPED DATA
veyed 200 government employees. The
following table shows the ages of the VARIANCE
employees interviewed: Mean of the squares of the deviations from
mean is called the variance and is denoted by
Number of σ2 (read as sigma square). Therefore, the vari-
Age
employees ance of n observations x1, x2,…,xn is given by
21-25 20
1
σ2 = ∑(xi - x‾)2
n
26-30 30 n i=1
31-35 40
36-40 50 STANDARD DEVIATION
41-45 30 The proper measure of dispersion about the
mean of a set of observations is expressed
46-50 20 as positive square-root of the variance and is
51-55 10 called standard deviation. Therefore, the stan-
dard deviation, usually denoted by σ, is given
i) Calculate the mean age of the employees by
interviewed.
1
σ2 = √ ∑(xi - x‾)2
n
ii) Compute the mean deviation of the ages
n i=1
about the mean age.
10. Variance of the numbers 6,7,8,9,10
is..................
09.Calculate the mean deviation about me-
dian for the following data :
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-10
Frequency 6 7 15 16 4 2
ADMISSION STARTED 6009 100 300 6
GROUPED DATA Space for Keynotes
Mean
1
x‾ =
n
∑ xi fi
N i=1
Variance
2
n
1 n ∑fixi
σ2 = ∑fixi2 - i=1
N i=1
N
SD
2
n
√ N ∑fixi -
1 2 n
∑fixi
σ2 =
N
i=1
i=1
11. Calculate mean, variance and standard
deviation for the following distribution:
Mark 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequency 5 8 15 16 6
12. Calculate the mean, variance and stan-
dard deviation for the following distri-
bution:
Mark 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100
Frequency 3 7 12 15 8 3 2
ADMISSION STARTED 6009 100 300 7
