VisionMaster FT

Chart Radar User Guide

© Northrop Grumman Sperry Marine B.V.

Part Number: 65900010A
VisionMaster FT
Chart Radar User Guide
Part Number: 65900010A

Publication Revision: 2.0

Software Version: 0393

Before using the Radar equipment, please read this manual.

© 2006 Northrop Grumman Sperry Marine B.V.

This publication and the information contained herein is and remains the intellectual
property of Northrop Grumman Sperry Marine B.V. Northrop Grumman Sperry
Marine B.V. provide a limited licence for the user to reproduce this material for their
own internal purpose and use, but not for distribution to third parties. Reproduction
of this material for resale or commercial gain is expressly prohibited. Northrop
Grumman Sperry Marine B.V. are not responsible for any loss or damage of any
nature or kind whatsoever that may arise from either the use of this publication or its
reproduction.

© Northrop Grumman Sperry Marine B.V.

WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
The features, functionality and capability which are described in this
manual are not necessarily present in all versions or configurations of the
VisionMaster.
WARNING: Lethal Voltage Hazard
When access covers are removed, lethal voltages may be exposed.
Some capacitors used in the equipment take several minutes to discharge
their stored voltages after switch OFF, this is a lethal voltage hazard.
Always set the supply switch-fuse to OFF and remove the fuses, before
removing the access covers of the equipment.

WARNING: Health Hazard

When cleaning the inside of the equipment, take care not to inhale dust.
The dust is a temporary health hazard, depending on individual allergies.

WARNING: Radiation Hazard

Keep outside the hazard zone around an antenna or open waveguide
radiating power. Refer to the table below for hazard zones. When it is
necessary to work on the Scanner Unit, make sure that radar is switched
OFF, and that both the Mains Isolator and the Scanner Control Unit are
turned to the OFF position.
Never look directly into an open waveguide.
Radar and other forms of RF radiation can cause Cardiac Pacemakers to
malfunction. If you use a Cardiac Pacemaker and suspect a malfunction,
leave the vicinity of the radar system immediately and seek medical
advice.
Most countries accept that there is no significant radiation hazard at RF
power density levels of up to 10mW /cm2.
 Hazard Zones
Antenna Length 10 mW/cm2 1 mW/cm2

1.2 m X-Band 1.7 m 17 m

1.8 m X-Band 1.05 m 10.5 m
2.4 m X Band 0.75 m 7.5 m
2.7 m S-Band 0.73 m 7.3 m
3.7 m S-Band 0.55 m 5.5 m

CAUTION: Electrostatic Sensitive Devices (ESSDs)

This equipment contains ESSDs. Take care not to damage these devices
by discharge of electrostatic voltages.
SOFTWARE LICENCE AGREEMENT
When you receive your radar, it will include factory installed software, the use of
which is subject to the following Licence Agreement below.
!!! IMPORTANT !!!
READ THE LICENCE TERMS PRINTED BELOW BEFORE USING THE
EQUIPMENT. USE OF THE EQUIPMENT INDICATES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF
THE TERMS OF THE LICENCE AGREEMENT.
LICENCE AGREEMENT
This legal document is an agreement between you ("the Customer") and Northrop
Grumman Sperry Marine B.V. ("the Company").
BY USING THE BRIDGEMASTER E HARDWARE PRODUCT SYSTEM UPON
WHICH THE COMPANY HAS INSTALLED THE SOFTWARE THE CUSTOMER IS
AGREEING TO BECOME BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.
FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS AGREEMENT WILL INVALIDATE THE
WARRANTY OF THE BRIDGEMASTER E PRODUCT SYSTEM UPON WHICH
THE COMPANY HAS INSTALLED THE SOFTWARE ("THE SOFTWARE") AND
MAY RESULT IN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS BEING TAKEN AGAINST THE
CUSTOMER.
THIS LICENCE AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED CONSTRUED AND SHALL
TAKE EFFECT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF ENGLAND AND SHALL
BE SUBJECT TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE ENGLISH COURTS
TO WHICH THE CUSTOMER AND THE COMPANY BY AGREEMENT
IRREVOCABLY SUBMIT.
THE CUSTOMER IS AUTHORISED TO USE THE SOFTWARE ON THE
BRIDGEMASTER E HARDWARE PRODUCT SYSTEM UPON WHICH IT WAS
INSTALLED BY THE COMPANY. THE SOFTWARE MAY NOT BE COPIED OR
TRANSFERRED FOR USE ON ANY BRIDGEMASTER HARDWARE PRODUCT
SYSTEM OTHER THAN THAT ON WHICH IT WAS INSTALLED BY THE
COMPANY.
The software is supplied to the Customer. The Company grants the Customer a
world-wide royalty-free licence to use the Software provided that:
1. The Customer shall only operate the Software in conjunction with the
BridgeMaster E hardware product system upon which it was installed by the
company. No other use is authorised, and in particular the Customer may not
transfer use of the Software to any other BridgeMaster hardware product system
owned or used by the Customer.
2. The Customer shall not reverse assemble modify or decompile the Software
except only to the extent expressly permitted by the provisions of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
3. The Customer shall not make copies of the Software. (Continued... )
4. The Customer shall not have any title to or ownership of the Software or
copyright or any other intellectual property right in the Software, but shall have
ownership of the physical media.
5. The Customer acknowledges that the Software may in part have been developed
by any third party software supplier(s) named in the copyright notice(s) included
with the Software and agrees where this is the case that the third party supplier(s)
(or the Company on behalf of the third party supplier) shall be entitled to enforce the
provisions of this Agreement to the extent reasonably necessary to protect its
interest as owner of such third party software.
6. The Customer shall not rectify or have rectified any defect in the Software. The
Customer shall give the Company full details in writing of any serious defect and the
Company shall use reasonable endeavours to issue any correction necessary to
rectify the defect as soon as reasonably practicable thereafter, at no cost to the
Customer.
7. The Customer shall not sublicense the Software to third parties or supply transfer
or assign the Software to third parties.
8. The Software may be enhanced or corrected from time to time by the Company
or by any such third party software supplier referred to above. All such corrections
and enhancements shall be subject to the restrictions set out in this Licence
Agreement. Any such enhancements shall be supplied at the Company's current
rates prevailing at the date of invoice.
9. The Company may revoke the licence granted to the Customer if the Customer
shall go into receivership liquidation, administration, or any other insolvency
process, or shall fail to comply with any of these conditions provided that (in the
case of any breach capable of remedy) the Customer has been requested by notice
in writing to cure the failure and has failed to do so within thirty (30) days of such
notice.
10. The Customer shall ensure the security of the Software and shall not disclose
the Software or any parts thereof to any third party not approved beforehand by the
Company. Insofar as it is necessary to disclose the Software or aspects thereof to
employees or to third parties dealing with Customer in relation to matters for which
the Software is used, such disclosure is permitted only to the extent necessary for
such purpose and only to the employee or other persons who require to know the
same.
 Table of Contents
Single System ...........................................................................................2
Interswitched System................................................................................4
Common Features ....................................................................................6
Chapter 2 Getting Started with Radar .......................................... 9
Radar Controls........................................................................................10
Trackball Assembly ............................................................................10
Monitor Controls .................................................................................10
Radar System Control ........................................................................10
Start Up and Shut Down .........................................................................11
Starting Up .........................................................................................11
Shutting Down ....................................................................................11
Standby Mode.........................................................................................12
Transmit Mode........................................................................................14
Using the Cursor.....................................................................................15
Cursor Graphics .................................................................................15
Accessing Tool Tips ...........................................................................15
Chapter 3 Basic Operation of Radar........................................... 17
Selecting Transmit Mode ........................................................................18
Returning to Standby Mode ...............................................................18
Status Area .............................................................................................19
Accessing Main Menu and Sub Menu Functions ...................................20
Sub Menu Selection and Navigation Bar................................................21
Navigating to previous sub menus .....................................................21
Cursor Readout ......................................................................................22
Position ...................................................................................................23
Range Scales .........................................................................................26
Range Rings ...........................................................................................27
Panning and Off Centering .....................................................................28
Off Centering Own Ship .....................................................................28
Panning ..............................................................................................29

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Chart Radar User Guide

Goto ....................................................................................................30
Center & Maximum View Ahead Options ...............................................32
Centering the Video Display ...............................................................32
Positioning the picture for Maximum View .........................................32
Heading Line (HL)...................................................................................33
Own Ship ................................................................................................34
Own Ship Symbol ...............................................................................34
Own Ship Vector.................................................................................34
Radar Settings ........................................................................................36
Radar Transmission Pulse Length..........................................................37
Chart and Maps View .............................................................................38
AIS Input and Target Filter......................................................................39
AIS Input and Display .........................................................................39
Target Filter ........................................................................................40
Video Processing Controls .....................................................................41
Manually Adjusting Video Gain and Anti-Clutter Controls..................41
Enhanced Video Mode .......................................................................43
Synthetics Button ....................................................................................44
Trial Manoeuvre ......................................................................................45
Adjusting Trial Manoeuvre Parameters ..............................................45
Delay Countdown ...............................................................................47
Turning Trail Manoeuvre On ..............................................................47
Display Of Vectors..............................................................................48
Trail Manoeuvre Vector ......................................................................48
Trial CPA and TCPA...........................................................................48
Chapter 4 Sensor Management .................................................. 49
Indicator Display .....................................................................................50
Sensors Menu.........................................................................................51
Heading Sensor..................................................................................52
Speed Through Water Sensor............................................................52
Course Over Ground Sensor..............................................................52
Speed Over Ground Sensor ...............................................................52
Position Sensor ..................................................................................52

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 Table Of Contents

Depth Below Keel Sensor ..................................................................52

Set and Drift Sensor ...........................................................................52
Rate of Turn Sensor ...........................................................................52
Sensor Data Sources..............................................................................53
Heading Source Values......................................................................53
STW Source Values ...........................................................................55
COG Source Values ...........................................................................56
SOG Source Values ...........................................................................57
Position Values...................................................................................58
Depth Source Values .........................................................................61
Set and Drift Values ...........................................................................62
Rate of Turn Values ...........................................................................63
Manually Entering Source Values ..........................................................64
Chapter 5 Presentation, Motion, Vector and Trail Modes ......... 65
Presentation Modes................................................................................66
Changing course ................................................................................68
Motion Modes .........................................................................................69
Presentation Modes affecting Motion Modes .....................................70
Range Scales affecting Motion Modes...............................................70
Vector Modes..........................................................................................71
Selecting the Vector Mode .................................................................71
Vector Time ........................................................................................73
Trails Mode .............................................................................................74
Trail Length Time ...............................................................................75
Chapter 6 Navigation Tools......................................................... 77
Parallel Index Lines ................................................................................78
Selecting PI Lines...............................................................................78
Importing and Exporting PI Lines .......................................................83
Mapping ..................................................................................................84
Mapping..............................................................................................84
Mapping Maps ....................................................................................85
Editing Maps.......................................................................................86

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Chart Radar User Guide

Displaying Maps .................................................................................94

Importing and Exporting Maps ...........................................................95
Navigation Marks ....................................................................................97
Parallel Cursor ........................................................................................98
Ownship ................................................................................................100
Beam Line & Length .........................................................................100
Predicted Vector ...............................................................................100
Vector Tick Marks.............................................................................100
Next Turn EBL ......................................................................................101
Chapter 7 Alarms....................................................................... 103
Alarm Status indicator...........................................................................104
Alarm Status .....................................................................................104
Alarm Buzzer Mute ...........................................................................105
Alarm Display........................................................................................106
Viewing Announcement Details........................................................107
Prompts.................................................................................................108
Permanent prompts ..........................................................................108
Temporary Prompts..........................................................................108
List of Alarms and Warnings.................................................................109
Chapter 8 Routes....................................................................... 115
Route Plans ..........................................................................................116
External Route Plans........................................................................116
Temporary Route Plans ...................................................................117
Creating a Route Plan ..........................................................................118
Inserting Waypoints ..........................................................................118
Changing a Waypoint's position .......................................................120
Delete a Waypoint ............................................................................121
Changing a Route Turn Radius ........................................................121
Route Display Settings .........................................................................122
Editing a Route Plan .............................................................................123
Route ................................................................................................123
Waypoint...........................................................................................124

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 Table Of Contents

Approaching Leg ..............................................................................125

Turn ..................................................................................................126
Departing Leg ...................................................................................126
Managing Route Plans .........................................................................128
Route ................................................................................................128
Total Distance and Duration.............................................................130
Description and Notes ......................................................................131
Monitoring Routes.................................................................................132
Temporary Route Plans........................................................................137
Creating and Editing a Temporary Route Plan ................................137
Monitoring a Temporary Route Plan ................................................138
Chapter 9 EBLs, ERBLs and VRMs .......................................... 139
Off-Centering, Carrying and Dropping an EBL, ERBL and VRM .........140
Electronic Bearing Line (EBL) ..............................................................141
Changing the ERL Bearing...............................................................141
Changing the EBL Position ..............................................................142
Variable Range Marker (VRM) .............................................................144
Changing the VRM and EBL range..................................................144
Changing the VRM and EBL position...............................................145
Creating and Editing an ERBL..............................................................147
Chapter 10 Targets .................................................................... 149
Target Acquisition .................................................................................150
Manually Acquiring a Target.............................................................150
Target Monitoring..................................................................................152
CPA/TCPA and BCR/BCT Infringement Conditions ........................152
Lost Target .......................................................................................152
Target Monitoring Symbols ..............................................................153
Echo Reference Target ........................................................................154
Selected Target ....................................................................................156
Selected Target Functions....................................................................157
Target Data ......................................................................................157
AIS Info.............................................................................................159

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Chart Radar User Guide

Multiple Targets ....................................................................................162

Automatic Sorting of Targets............................................................162
Viewing Target Data from Multiple Targets ......................................163
Target Display.......................................................................................164
Tracked.............................................................................................164
Identification .....................................................................................165
AIS ....................................................................................................165
Other features...................................................................................166
Target Display Other Features .............................................................167
Past Position Dots ............................................................................167
Test Targets .....................................................................................168
Cancelling Tracked Targets .............................................................169
Acquisition Zones .................................................................................171
Editing Zones....................................................................................172
Own Ship AIS........................................................................................174
Limits and Settings ...............................................................................175
Chapter 11 Radar....................................................................... 177
Radar Fine Tuning ................................................................................178
Manual Fine Tuning Adjustment.......................................................179
Radar Alarms ........................................................................................180
Video Settings Alarms ......................................................................180
Communications Alarms ..................................................................180
Transceiver BITE Alarms .................................................................180
Interswitch Alarms ............................................................................182
Interswitch Control ................................................................................183
Interswitch Status .................................................................................184
Chapter 12 Charts ..................................................................... 185
Chart Filled Mode .................................................................................186
Features ................................................................................................187
Feature Functions .................................................................................188
Feature Set .......................................................................................188
Chart Match ......................................................................................190

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 Table Of Contents

Chart Updates Summary..................................................................191

Chart Permissions ............................................................................192
Custom Features ..................................................................................193
Setting Custom Features..................................................................193
Chart Depths.........................................................................................194
Chart Formats.......................................................................................195
Supported Chart Engines .................................................................196
Chart Legend ........................................................................................197
Legend Information...............................................................................198
Legend Select ..................................................................................198
Legend Component..........................................................................199
Legend Update.................................................................................200
Manual Chart Update............................................................................201
Chart Query ..........................................................................................202
Query Features .....................................................................................203
Query Results...................................................................................203
Query Options ..................................................................................205
Chart 1 ..................................................................................................206
Areas and Boundaries......................................................................206
Beacons and Buoys .........................................................................207
Buildings ...........................................................................................208
Constructions, Ports .........................................................................209
Depths, Tides, Currents ...................................................................210
East Cardinal Marks .........................................................................211
Isolated Danger Marks .....................................................................212
Landmarks........................................................................................213
Lights and Symbols ..........................................................................215
Mooring Buoys .................................................................................217
Natural Shapes, Coastlines..............................................................218
Navigational Aids..............................................................................219
North Cardinal Marks .......................................................................220
Obstructions .....................................................................................221
Offshore............................................................................................222

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Chart Radar User Guide

Point Symbols A ...............................................................................223

Point Symbols B ...............................................................................224
Port-Hand Lateral Marks ..................................................................225
Preferred Channel to Port ................................................................226
Preferred Channel to Starboard .......................................................227
Safe Water Marks.............................................................................228
Shipping Routes, Radar, Seabed.....................................................229
South Cardinal Marks .......................................................................230
Special Purpose Marks ....................................................................231
Starboard-Hand Lateral Marks .........................................................232
West Cardinal Marks ........................................................................233
Chapter 13 Brilliance................................................................. 235
Day and Night Modes ...........................................................................235
Brilliance Groups ..................................................................................236
SENCE..................................................................................................237
Chapter 14 System .................................................................... 239
User Profiles .........................................................................................240
Available Profiles ..............................................................................240
Create New Profile ...........................................................................243
Options..................................................................................................244
Units .................................................................................................244
Time Management ................................................................................245
Shutdown ..............................................................................................247
Glossary..................................................................................... 249
Index........................................................................................... 261

xvi
Chapter 1 Overview
The VisionMaster radar system typically consists of two or more computer
workstations connected by a Local Area Network (LAN), with navigation
sensors providing data inputs at one or more of the workstations. Radar
video and other radar/chart radar functionality is displayed on an LCD color
monitor.
The workstations are connected to two scanner assemblies (antenna and
turning unit) via an Interswitch.
Using the system, navigation officers can access a variety of important
data, where and when they need it. Traditional bridge equipment and most
navigation sensors can be interfaced to the system, and optional remote
monitors can provide additional slave displays at any required location.

1
Chart Radar User Guide

Single System

Scanner Assembly. Comprises an Antenna unit and a Turning unit. If the

system includes an integral transceiver then this also forms part of the
Scanner Assembly. If the system uses a bulkhead transceiver then the
transceiver unit is not included in the Scanner assembly..
Antenna Unit. 10cm S-band (9 or 12ft aperture) or 3cm X-band (4,
6 or 8 ft aperture).
Performance Monitor. If fitted, the performance Monitor Antenna is
mounted on the Turning Unit.
Transceiver. Masthead (mounted as an integral part of the Scanner
assembly) or Bulkhead (mounted as a separate unit below decks).

2
 Overview

Workstation Assembly. A cabinet which comprises a PC Input/Output

(PCI/O) Unit, a Processor Unit, a colour monitor and a trackball (control
panel).
Input/Output (PCIO) Unit - comprises a PCB, PSU and compass
board.
Processor Unit - Intel Pentium 4 processor.
Colour Monitor. 19" or 23" flat panel monitor
Trackball. Assembly includes trackball, left and right keys.
Scanner Control Units – for switching the scanner on and off – are
supplied for S-band radars only.

3
Chart Radar User Guide

Interswitched System
The basic, single-scanner/single-workstation configuration can be
expanded by the introduction of an Interswitch Unit, plus additional
scanners and display configurations. The arrangement below shows two
scanners (S band or X band), two transceivers (A and B) and a two-way
interswitch unit. A 6-way interswitch unit is available for systems with a
maximum of six scanners and six workstations.
Each VisionMaster workstation is available in one of the following
configurations:
• Radar
• Chart Radar
• ECDIS

This User Guide describes the Radar/Chart Radar configuration

only.

Each workstation is linked via a LAN so that data input to one computer is
available at all workstations. A workstation can be connected via the
interswitch to any one of the scanner units, and can be selected as the
master display for controlling that scanner, or as a slave display.

4
 Overview

A workstation can only be connected to one scanner at a time; only a

workstation configured as a Master has full control of the scanner. The
controls, which are available at a Master display but NOT at a Slave
display, are as follows:
• switching the transceiver between standby and transmit mode
• selection of transmission pulse-length
• tuning the transceiver
• selecting Manual or AFC mode for tuning
• tuning the performance monitor.

5
Chart Radar User Guide

Common Features
The following table lists the features which are common to all radar
configurations.
Feature Additional details

Selection and set up.

Transceiver control
Manual/automatic tuning.
Video gain.
Video processing Manual/automatic anti-clutter sea/rain
controls control.
Enhanced video mode.
Picture brilliance (day/night selection).
Displaying/hiding heading line and
Display controls
synthetics.
Off-centering (max view) the radar picture.
Own ship’s position.
Defining and displaying
Waypoint data.
user specified data
Wind and depth data.
Range in NM, km or sm (set during
Range scale selection initialisation).
Range rings on or off.
Compass alignment.
Ship’s heading and
Selection of speed mode.
speed display
Applying manual set and drift.

Selection of presentation Head-up (unstabilised).

mode North-up or Course-up (stabilised).
Relative motion (relative trails) – RM(R).
Selection of motion
Relative motion (true trails) – RM(T).
mode
True Motion – TM.
Selection of vector mode Selection of true (T) or relative (R) vectors.

6
 Overview

Selection of vector time.

Short trails.
Reset trails.
Selection of trails mode Long trails.
Permanent trails.
Off.
Two electronic bearing lines – EBL 1 &
EBL 2.
Defining and displaying Two variable range markers – VRM 1 &
EBLs, VRMS & ERBLs VRM 2.
Each EBL/VRM pair can be displayed as a
combined ERBL – ERBL 1 and/or ERBL 2.
Position as derived from:
• Navigational sensor
Navigation facilities • An estimated position
Display of external route data
Defining the system time and date stamp.

Displaying parallel index Defining line type/position.

lines Displaying at least four index lines.
Import, export and display specific mariner
object symbols.
Mapping Facilities Create, edit or delete objects and assign
objects to defined groups.
Create, edit or delete parallel index lines.
Display of rotating half or full cursor.
Defining and displaying marks.
System tools
Constant radius turn.
Display of ship’s profile.
Displaying the current unacknowledged
Extensive alarm and alarm with highest priority.
warning indications
Facility for acknowledging alarms.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Display list of alarms and warnings.

Alarm buzzer facility.
Watch alarm facility.
Separate monitors for system and receiver.
Performance monitor
Manual tuning.
Extensive monitoring
Built in self tests (BIST).
and test facilities
Help line warning
Permanent and temporary prompts.
prompts

8
Chapter 2 Getting Started with Radar
This section shows you how to start up the radar and how to use the radar
controls. The following topics are covered:
• Switching on and starting up the radar
• a description of Standby Mode and Transmit Mode
• a description of the radar controls
• a description of the screen cursor

9
Chart Radar User Guide

Radar Controls
Trackball Assembly
The operator controls the radar system via a trackball assembly, located on
the top panel. The assembly comprises a trackball and two associated keys
(left and right). The trackball controls the position of the on-screen cursor.
Selections are made by positioning the on-screen cursor over a menu
caption or item on the video circle and clicking (press and release) with the
left key. The right key is used to provide additional functionality such as
accessing drop down menus applicable to the function.

Throughout this manual, instructions to ‘left click’ or ‘right click’

relate to a press-and-release of either the left key or the right key.

Monitor Controls
The monitor controls include an On/Off button and a brightness adjustment
button.
The On/Off button controls the monitor only, it does NOT control the radar
system.
WARNING: The use of the monitor brightness control may inhibit
visibility at night.
Radar System Control
The Radar system is switched on and off via the Power On/Off switch
located immediately under the trackball, see Starting up the System

10
 Getting Started with Radar

Start Up and Shut Down

Starting Up
To start up the system press the On/Off rocker switch, located on the
underside of the control panel. When this switch is turned On the system
powers up.

The On/Off switch is the only system control accessible to the

operator. Do NOT remove the front panel.

Starting up the system takes approximately 2 to 3 minutes. Soon after the

system is powered up the VisionMaster FT Start Up window appears on the
screen, this window shows the current system software version number,
copywrite information and a status bar displaying the system loading
status.
When the start up process is complete the start up window is replaced by
the radar display in Standby, see Standby Mode.
Shutting Down
To shut down the system you first select Shutdown System (see Shutdown)
then switch the On/Off switch to Off.

When starting up the system always leave at least one minute after
the system has powered down before switching the On/Of switch to
On.

11
Chart Radar User Guide

Standby Mode
After the system has powered up the radar is always in Standby mode and
the video circle displays the message Radar Standby.
The transceiver identity is displayed in the
field above the Standby/Transmit field. The
TX/RX n (X) or (S) caption relates to the type
of transceiver the system is using, for
information on Transceiver selection see Interswitch Control.
The MASTER or SLAVE caption indicates the type of display.
A slave display has no control over the antenna and transceiver. It must be
used in conjunction with a master display. The pulse length, tuning and
performance monitoring are all controlled by its associated master display.
The controls associated with these functions are disabled on a slave
display.
A master display has control over a radar system's antenna and
transceiver. With a master display you can switch to transmit, that is, start
the antenna rotating and the transceiver transmitting radar pulses. It also
lets you select the length of the radar pulse transmitted, tune the
transceiver, and monitors the performance of the radar.

12
 Getting Started with Radar

In Standby mode you can access the following functions which allow the
display to be set up for operation.
• Radar Settings
• Alarms
• Cursor data
• Range selection
• Chart View
• Video Processing Controls
• Sensors Indicator and Sensors menu
• Presentation, Motion, Vector and Trails modes
• EBL, ERBL and VRM settings
• Trial Manoeuvre settings
• Route Plans
• Navigation Tools
• Chart settings
• System Settings
To switch from Standby mode to Transmit mode click on the
Standby/Transmit button, the radar transfers to Transmit mode. For
information on functions available in Transmit see Transmit Mode

13
Chart Radar User Guide

Transmit Mode
The following functions are only available when the radar is in Transmit
mode:
• Pulse Length
• Display and selection of target data
• Positioning the picture
• Range rings
If you are not familiar with using the radar, it is strongly recommended that
you read Radar Controls. This describes how to use the external controls in
order to operate the system.
If you are already familiar with the radar controls and want to start
transmitting, go straight to Basic Operation of the Radar.

14
 Getting Started with Radar

Using the Cursor

Cursor Graphics
When the cursor is over the system control areas and
background area of the radar it is displayed as a small white
arrow, referred to as the screen cursor.
As the cursor passes from the control area into the video
circle it changes to an orange cross, referred to as the video
cursor.
If an adjustable parameter is selected within the control area,
the cursor is displayed as a cross hair.

When Select Points is selected from Charts menu the letters

CM are added to the video cursor, see Chart Match.

When Edit On is selected from the main screen the letters

EDIT are added to the video cursor, see Inserting, Modifying
or Deleting Waypoints.
When the video cursor moves over an Electronic Bearing
Line (EBL) it changes to the following symbol.

When the video cursor moves over an Electronic Range and

Bearing Line (ERBL) it changes to the following symbol.

Whenever the cursor is displayed, a dialog box in the bottom right of the
display gives a readout of the cursor’s position within the video circle. By
default this box gives cursor range and bearing (from own ship) and cursor
lat/long, see Cursor Readout.
Accessing Tool Tips
As the screen cursor moves over the system control area the text in each
highlighted button changes from white to yellow and a tool tip for the
function is briefly displayed in a popup window.

15
Chapter 3 Basic Operation of Radar
This section describes the basic operation of the radar. The following topics
are covered:
• Accessing the main menu and sub-menu functions
• A description of transmit mode and returning to standby mode.
• Selecting the radar range.
• Positioning own ship in the video circle.
• Accessing main menu functions.
• Setting the tracked target viewer.
• Using the video processing controls.
• Setting the pulse length of radar transmission.
• Selecting and changing the Radar settings.
• Own ship's symbol and own ship's vector.
• Viewing chart information.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Selecting Transmit Mode

When Transmit is selected from Standby, the system is switched to
Transmit mode.
To switch to Transmit mode do the following:
1. With the system in Standby, position
the screen cursor over the Standby
toggle button.
2. Left click to select Transmit. The message Radar Standby
disappears from the screen.
In Transmit mode the transceiver starts transmitting radar pulses and the
video circle shows own ship's position and symbol to indicate ship's
direction and speed, see Own Ship.
If there is a fault in the transmission of radar video data to the workstation
the screen shows the message Video Failed.
When in Transmit the transmission pulse length button (to the right of the
Transmit/Standby button) becomes active, see Radar Transmission Pulse
Length.

A slave display can only be switched to

Transmit if its associated master display is
in Transmit mode. If Transmit is selected
on a slave display when its master radar is
still in Standby (NOT transmitting), a
prompt is displayed and the slave remains
in Standby.

Returning to Standby Mode

To return to Standby mode left click on the
Transmit toggle button. The screen prompts to
confirm the switch to Standby. To confirm click the
OK button, or to return to Transmit mode click the
Cancel button.
When the switch to Standby is made the
transceiver stops transmission, the system returns
to Standby and the text Radar Standby re-appears
on the video circle.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Status Area
At the bottom right of the screen is a status
area containing four tab folders, when
accessed each tab folder displays the
following information:
• Curs - provides a continuous
indication of data related to the
cursor position, for more details see
Cursor Readout.
• Posn - provides current date and
time information, current
latitude/longitude and depth below
keel (DBK) data on own ship, for
more details see Position.
• Route - provides summary data on the currently monitored route,
for more details see Monitoring Routes in the Routes chapter.
• Trial - provides access and data relating to Trail Manoeuvres, for
more details see Trial Manoeuvre.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Accessing Main Menu and Sub Menu Functions

The Main Menu functions are hidden at start
up, to access these functions move the
cursor over the Show Menu button at the
bottom of the Status Area. The Main Menu
buttons are superimposed over the status
area.
To view each item's sub menu functions
move the cursor over a main menu button,
any sub menu functions associated with the
selected item are displayed above the Main
Menu list.
To hide the main menu and sub-menu
functions move the cursor outside the area
containing the menu buttons, the Status
Area re-appears. To retain the Main Menu
functions on the screen keep the cursor in
the menu area.
Sub menu functions can also be accessed via the sub-menu selection bar
at the top of the features area of the screen, see Sub Menu Selection Bar.

20
 Basic Operation of Radar

Sub Menu Selection and Navigation Bar

A sub menu selection and navigation bar is
included at the top of the Features area of
the screen.
The bar displays the currently selected sub
menu function. To select other sub-menu
functions right click on the selection bar, a
drop down list of all the currently selected
main menu's functions are displayed, move
the trackball to the required function and left click.
Navigating to previous sub menus
The sub menu selection bar includes forward and back navigation buttons.
This feature enables you to quickly navigate to previously selected sub
menu functions that are not part of the currently selected main menu.
1. To navigate back to a previously selected sub-menu function click
on the button.

2. To page forward through the selected sub menus click on the

button.
3. If no sub menu navigation option is available the arrow is shown as
a dotted line.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Cursor Readout
The cursor readout data is located in
Status Area at the bottom right of the
screen. To access the cursor readout click
on the Curs tab.
The readout displays the location of the
cursor position relative to the CCRP of own
ship. Readout data appears when the
cursor is over the video circle area of the
display, when the cursor is moved away
from the video circle the readout data is
replaced with dashes.
The Cursor readout includes the following:
• Latitude corresponding to the current cursor position.
• Longitude corresponding to the current cursor position.
• Range - the distance between the CCRP and the cursor position as
measured in nautical miles (NM).
• Bearing from the CCRP to the cursor position, displayed as true or
relative by clicking on the T or R toggle button.
• Reciprocal bearing, defined as bearing from the cursor position to
the CCRP, displayed as true or relative by clicking on the T or R
toggle button.
• Time To Go (TTG) - the geographical distance between the CCRP
and the cursor position divided by speed over ground, displayed as
hours, minutes and seconds.
In Transmit mode, the range and bearing of the cursor are relative to own
ship’s position. In Standby mode, the range and bearing are relative to the
centre of the video circle.
If, when in Transmit, own ship’s position is lost, the compass is unaligned,
or there is a compass error, the LAT/LON readings are replaced by dashes.
Where the LAT/LON and bearing data is acquired from a valid sensor data
source the values are displayed in green, if the data is manually generated
then the values are shown in orange and an alarm is raised, see List of
Alarms and Warnings.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Position
Own ship's position data is located in the
Status Area at the bottom right of the
screen. To access this data click on the
Posn tab.
The Position data includes the following:
ƒ The latitude/longitude (LAT/LON)
position of the CCRP, as reported
by the Position sensor. Where the
LAT/LON position is acquired from
a valid sensor data source the
values are displayed in green, if
the data is manually generated then the LAT/LON values are
shown in orange.
ƒ The sensor source of the position data. Own ship's position can be
accepted from the following position data sources:
ƒ GPS
ƒ GLL
ƒ GNS
ƒ The field below the longitude defines the quality indicator (for GPS)
or system mode indicator (for GLL and GNS), the default is Auto.
The field to the right of the quality indicator denotes the datum of
position.
ƒ The depth value as reported by the depth sensor. If no sensor data
is available a series of red dashes are shown in the field. The field
to the right of the depth value denotes the depth source sensor, i.e.
depth below keel (DBK), depth below transducer (DBT) or depth
below waterline (DBW).
ƒ The current date and the current time in minutes and seconds. To
the right of the time field is a button which toggles between
displaying the time as Local or UTC.

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Chart Radar User Guide

The following quality or system mode indicators for position data

may be shown:
GGA - GPS Quality indicator
Indicator Description Field Acronym
0 Fix not available or invalid -
1 GPS SPS Auto (default)
2 differential GPS Differential
3 GPS Precise Pcrs
4 Real Time Kinematic RTK
5 Real Time Kinematic Float FRTK
6 Estimated dead reckoning DR
7 Manual -
8 Simulated -

Indicator values 0, 6, 7 and 8 are invalid. No acronym appears in

the field but LAT/LON values change to invalid color (orange).

GLL - system mode indicator

Indicator Description Field Acronym
A Autonomous Auto (default)
D Differential Differential
E Estimated dead reckoning -
M Manual -
S Simulated -
N Not valid -

Indicator values E, M, S and N are invalid. No acronym appears in

the field but LAT/LON values change to invalid color (orange).

GNS - system mode indicator

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Indicator Description Field Acronym

A Autonomous Auto (default)
D Differential Differential
E Estimated dead reckoning -
F Real Time Kinematic Float FRTK
M Manual -
N Not valid -
P GNS Precise Pcrs
R Real Time Kinematic RTK
S Simulated -

Indicator values E, M, S and N are invalid. No acronym appears in

the field but LAT/LON values change to invalid color (orange).

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Chart Radar User Guide

Range Scales
A set of pre-defined range scales are provided.
The range scale varies from 0.125nm to 96nm.
The current range is shown on the range scale button, between the < and >
buttons. Range scales can be chosen in both standby and transmit modes.
To change the radar range, do the following:
1. Click the < button to decrease the range, or the > button to
increase the range.
Or;
1. Right click on the range scale button. A list of available ranges will
be shown in a drop down menu.

2. Left click on the range you want to use.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Range Rings
The Range Ring button enables you to toggle the
display of range rings on or off. When displayed, the
range ring interval depends on the currently selected range scale as
defined in the table below.
Range Scale Range Ring Interval
(NM) (NM)
0.125 0.025
0.25 0.05
0.5 0.1
0.75 0.25
1.5 0.25
3 0.5
6 1
12 2
24 4
48 8
96 16

The range ring interval is displayed whenever the range rings are
displayed. The range rings are centered on the CCRP and equally spaced.
Range rings are drawn out to the edge of the video circle, irrespective of
the range scale or offsetting of the CCRP.
The range rings do not appear when the radar is in standby.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Panning and Off Centering

The default picture position is with own ship's CCRP placed at the center of
the video circle.
However own ship's CCRP can be moved anywhere within 75% of the
center of the video circle. Also a selected chart position or object can be
positioned at the center of the video circle with own ships position and all
other chart and target positions moved in accordance.
If the following positioning options are available from a semi-transparent
window when you right click within the video circle:
• Off-Center Own Ship - moves own ship to a selected position, all
chart and target positions are also moved in accordance.

The Off-Center Own Ship option is available in both Transmit

and Standby.

• Pan - moves a selected chart position or object to the center of the

video circle. Own ship's position, chart data and target positions
are all moved in accordance. The Pan option is available anywhere
within the video circle.
• Goto... - moves the position of own ship to a specific
latitude/longitude position or a specified location name. The Goto
option is available anywhere within the video circle.

The Pan and Goto.. options are only available in Standby.

Off Centering Own Ship

The Off Center function enables you to choose an arbitrary screen position
for own ship anywhere within 75% of the center of the video circle.
To off center own ship do the following:
1. Move the cursor to a position within the
video circle where you want the off center
position to be and right click. A semi­
transparent window appears at the
selected position.
2. Select Off-Center Own Ship from the
window. Own ship's CCRP is moved to the position selected and
all chart and target positions are also moved in accordance.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

If the position selected is outside the 75% central area of the video
circle the Off Center option will still appear in the window but the
placement of the CCRP will be within the 75% area, at a point
nearest to the selected position.

3. To cancel the operation and remove the window from the screen
select Hide Menu.
Panning
The Pan function enables you to pan the chart window to view
neighbouring chart areas. It positions a selected point at the center of the
video circle.
In panning mode where the current motion mode is relative motion (RM(T))
the system automatically changes the motion mode to true motion (TM),
see Motion Modes. Any alarms associated with true motion reset are
disabled.
Where the current presentation mode is Head Up (H Up) the system
automatically changes the presentation mode to course up (C Up), see
Presentation Modes.
To pan the picture do the following:
1. Move the cursor to either a specific point
on the chart (for example, a mariner
object or a chart location), or to a
selected position anywhere within the
video circle and right click. A semi­
transparent window appears at the
selected point.
2. Select Pan from the window. The
selected position is moved to the center of the video circle. Own
ship and all other chart and target positions are also moved in
accordance.
3. To cancel the operation and remove the window from the screen
select Hide Menu.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Panning mode is automatically turned off when the following are selected:
• Off Center, Center or Max View
• changing motion mode
• Head Up presentation mode
• Transmit mode
When the system turns panning mode off and the CCRP (radar video origin
if video is displayed) is currently outside the offset limits, the system
automatically centers own ship.
Goto
The Goto.. function makes it possible to move own ship to known locations
or a specific location on the video circle. Any geographic location on the
video circle can be designated by its latitude/longitude coordinates, or
locations that may be needed repeatedly can be saved by name, and then
selected from a drop-down list, which is sorted alphabetically. When a
designated position is accepted, the chart display shifts to show the desired
location.
To create a new location do the following:
1. Right click anywhere within the video circle and select Goto.. from
the window.
2. The Goto control window opens at
the top left of the screen, displaying
the current Lat/Lon position and any
saved locations. To display the list of
saved locations click on the drop
down arrow to the right of the
Locations field.
3. Click on the Create.. button, the
screen prompts to create a new
location name.
4. Click in the location field, the screen
keypad appears below the location field. Enter a location name
using the keypad, and when complete click the OK button under
the new location name field.
5. The Goto.. control window reappears with the saved location name
in the Location drop down list.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

6. To enter coordinates for the new location click in the LAT/LON

fields, a numerical keypad appears on the menu area from where
you can enter the new latitude/longitude coordinates.
7. To assign the coordinates to the location click the Update button.
8. To move own ship to the new position click the Go button, own
ship's CCRP is moved to the specified location and all other chart
and target positions are moved in accordance.
To rename or delete a location do the following:
To delete a saved location:
1. Select the location name to be
deleted by clicking on the Locations
drop down arrow.
2. With the location shown in the field,
click the Delete button. The location
and its coordinates are deleted from
the list.
To rename an existing location:
1. Select the location name to be
renamed by clicking on the
Locations drop down arrow.
2. With the location shown in the field, click the Rename button.
3. The Goto window prompts to rename
the current location's name and
includes the option of automatically
generating a name based on the
current date and time {Auto-
Generate Name}.
4. To auto generate the name click the
OK button, or to create another
name click in the field and enter a
name using the screen keypad.
When the location has been
renamed the new name appears in the location drop down list.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Center & Maximum View Ahead Options

Centering the Video Display
If the picture has been off centered or
panned (see Panning and Off
Centering) the display can be redrawn with own ship's CCRP at the center
of the video circle by clicking on the Center View button. All other chart
data and target positions are also moved in accordance.
Positioning the picture for Maximum View
The Max View Ahead feature off centers the radar video display at 70% of
the range scale radius so that a line drawn from it in the direction of the
current course passes through the center of the video circle.
In unstabilised presentation mode (Head Up), the direction is reciprocal to
the heading marker.
In stabilised presentation mode (North Up or Course Up), the direction is
reciprocal to the course over ground (COG), or heading marker if COG is
unavailable.
For a description of presentation modes available, see Presentation Modes

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Heading Line (HL)

The ship’s heading line is shown as a single line centred on own ship and
drawn to the edge of the video circle.

The bearing of the heading line is dependant on the presentation mode. In

the head up (H UP) or course up (C UP) presentation mode the heading
line is always drawn vertically, in north up (N UP) mode the heading line is
drawn at the correct compass heading. For further information see
Presentation Modes.
When own ship is off-centered, the heading line bearing is automatically
adjusted so that the scale is always referenced correctly.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Own Ship
Own Ship Symbol
There are two types of symbol used to display own ship’s position and
heading, defined as follows:
• Circle Symbol: This symbol appears when the range scale is set at
6 NM or above. The circle is positioned such that its center
corresponds to the ship's CCRP.

• Outline Symbol: This symbol appears when the range scale is set
to 3 NM or below. The symbol can be scaled in system
configuration such that its length and width represent the actual
length and beam of the ship.

The ship's symbol is shown in red (invalid) when the presentation mode is
anything other than H UP or the motion mode is true motion (TM) and the
currently selected heading sensor is not providing usable data.
Own Ship Vector
The own ship vector symbol indicates ship’s direction and speed. The
symbol is shown with a double arrowhead when in ground stabilisation
mode, and a single arrowhead when in water stabilisation mode.
The vector is positioned such that its origin coincides with own ship’s
CCRP and drawn with a length corresponding to the distance on the video
circle that own ship will cover, given its current speed, in the vector time
chosen, see Vector Modes.
If the own ship vector is drawn, and its end point is not on the available
area of the video circle, the system draws a semicircle with a 4mm radius,
centered at the point that the vector intersects the edge of the available
area.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Own ship vector is shown in red (invalid) when any of the data received
from the selected sensors is unusable.
If enabled in the Nav Tools menu (see Ownship), tick marks will be
displayed along the vector length at 1-minute intervals, with every sixth tick
mark is shown with double thickness. The default setting for tick marks is
off.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Radar Settings
Your display may be configured to operate with one of six transceivers
(labelled A to F) located at different positions on the ship. Each transceiver
may be either X-Band or S-Band.
The display can be a master display or a slave display. Master displays
have full control over a transceiver, therefore only one display can be set
as the master of a transceiver at any one time. Also, a display can only be
connected to one transceiver at a time.
The Transceiver (TX/RX) information field
near the top of the screen gives an indication
of the selected transceiver, its label (A to F) and status (Master or Slave).
To set the transceiver options click on
Radar from the menu list. If an Interswitch
is fitted the menu defaults to Interswitch
Control which displays a list of available
transceivers for your display.
For more information on transceiver
settings, see Interswitch Control.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Radar Transmission Pulse Length

The current selection of pulse length is indicated in the pulse
length toggle button. The caption is an abbreviation of the current
pulse length selection (SP, MP or LP).
The pulse length can only be changed on a master display and in Transmit
mode. On a Slave display, or when in Standby, the pulse length is grayed
out.
• Short Pulses (SP) are used at close range to improve the
discrimination and range accuracy of received echoes.
• Long Pulses (LP) are used at long range to improve the ability of
the radar to pick out targets at distance.
• Medium Pulse (MP) is a pulse length used as an optimum between
discrimination and long range detection.
Pulse lengths are restricted to the following ranges:
• SP is available on the 3NM range and below.
• MP is available in the 0.5NM to 24NM ranges.
• LP is available at 3NM range and above.
If a range is selected outside the permitted range listed above the message
Invalid Range for Pulse Length appears.
To change the pulse length, do the following:
1. Left click on the pulse length button. This will toggle through the
available choices for the pulse length, depending on range.
Or
1. Right click on the pulse length button. A list of
available pulse lengths will be shown in a drop down
menu.
2. Left click on the pulse length you want to use.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Chart and Maps View

Where the system is enabled for Chart Radar you can
select the following options from the Chart and Maps
button:
• Chart Filled - displays a complete chart presentation, with land
and sea shown as different colours.
• Chart Unfilled - displays a chart presentation showing land and
sea as the same colour with land outline only shown.
• Radar Maps - displays a defined collection of geographic objects
(points areas and lines) known as radar maps.
• Maps/Chart Off - shows no maps or chart information.
To access the radar maps and chart view options
either click on the button until the option appears or
right click on the button and select from the drop down
list.
For more information on chart features, see Features.
For more information on creating radar maps, see
Mapping.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

AIS Input and Target Filter

The AIS input and target filter field is located on the
main screen, above the Range Rings button. The field
provides quick access to the current display parameters of AIS targets. AIS
targets are tracked and displayed on the video circle when the AIS input
and display are enabled.
AIS Input and Display
The current AIS input and display settings are
represented on the AIS graphic and are
reflected in the AIS settings of the Target
Display window in the Targets menu, see
Target Display
The following Input and Display options are
available:
• AIS Input - the AIS input can be turned
on or off by clicking on the AIS graphic
or ticking the Input check box in the
Target Display.
When the Input is switched Off the AIS graphic
is displayed with a diagonal red line through it.
• AIS Display - the AIS display can be turned on or off by right
clicking on the target filter button (see below), or by ticking the AIS
Display check box in the Target Display.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Target Filter
The system prioritises AIS targets into class A and class B, according to
importance. Class A targets are generally large vessels, class B targets
being smaller vessels. The current AIS target class filter selection is shown
in the filter button and in the Target Filter area of the Target Display.
To change the filter selection right click on the button and
select from the following options:
• Display Off - AIS targets are not displayed.
When Display Off is selected the system
continues to store received AIS transmissions
so that the targets can be displayed quickly
when the Display setting is switched on.
• Class A + B - both AIS class A and class B targets are displayed
• Class B - only class B targets are displayed
• Class A - only class A targets are displayed (default setting)

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Video Processing Controls

The video processing controls are located in
the bottom left hand corner of the display. The
current level is indicated by the shaded bar
adjacent to the video control caption, with the
current percentage figure superimposed over
the shaded bar.
All the video processing levels are shown in grey color (non-editable) in
Standby. In Transmit mode the Gain level is shown as green. The Rain/Sea
anti clutter levels appear green (editable) when the Auto/Manual control is
set to Manual.
In open sea conditions, select Auto to suppress rain and sea clutter. This
normally provides optimum detection by adapting the amount of clutter
suppression applied to the varying characteristics of clutter returns.
To select Manual or Automatic Anti-Clutter Control, do the following:
1. Position the screen cursor over the Manual/Auto selection field (the
field will show the current control).
2. Left click to toggle control between
Manual or Auto. The Rain and Sea
levels are displayed as green
(editable) when Manual is selected.
Manually Adjusting Video Gain and Anti-Clutter Controls
The following video processing controls can be adjusted independently.
The anti-clutter controls can only be adjusted when the control button is set
to Manual.
• Video GAIN
Always adjust the GAIN setting while on the longer range scales of
12 or 24 nm. (24 to 48 km). A light background speckle should be
present to achieve the best target detection and long range
performance. A temporary reduction in gain can be beneficial
when searching for targets in rain or snow conditions. Video gain
is independently adjustable for Auto and Manual anti-clutter
modes.

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Chart Radar User Guide

• Anti Clutter (RAIN)

Use the Anti-Clutter RAIN control to optimise suppression of rain
clutter, i.e. balance the detection of targets within the clutter region
(under the rain) with detection of those outside the clutter region.
Always use the control with great care. Excessive suppression can
cause loss of small targets. It is often advantageous to use this
control to search for targets in the clutter region, returning the
control to zero after the search.
• Anti Clutter (SEA)
Use the Anti-Clutter SEA control to reduce sea clutter to an
operational level where some residual clutter speckle is present.
The setting must permit small targets, often of similar signal
strength to the sea clutter returns to be detected.
Always use the control with great care. Avoid setting the control to
completely remove all sea clutter, as this will reduce the detection
of small targets. The setting should be periodically checked as
prevailing sea conditions change.
Each control is adjusted using the shaded bar behind its associated caption
which indicates the level in percentage terms with 0% on the left, 100% on
the right.
To manually adjust the Video GAIN, RAIN and SEA settings, do the
following:
1. Position the screen cursor over the control you wish to change.
2. Left click to make control bar active. The bar colour will appear
blue.
3. Move the trackerball left or right to
move the bar to the percentage level
required. You can exit the adjustment
and return to the previous setting by
right clicking.
4. Left click to set the level and de-activate the bar adjustment. The
bar will return to its previous shaded state and display the new
percentage level.

IMPORTANT NOTE – There are different stored values of GAIN

setting for Auto and Manual, you need different settings for each
mode.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Enhanced Video Mode

A substantial improvement in the presentation of small and/or short range
targets, especially when operating at range scales of 3 nm (6 km) and
above, can normally be achieved by selecting the enhanced video mode.
This facility is available on range scales 0.75 nm and above.

Using the Enhanced Video Mode

In estuary and open sea conditions, always use the enhanced video mode
for best target detection. This will enhance small targets, significantly
improving their perceptibility on the display at all ranges, especially on
range scales of 3 nm (6 km) and above.
CAUTION - USE THE ENHANCE CONTROL WITH CAUTION. IF USED
ON SHORT RANGE SCALES IT WILL DEGRADE TARGET
DISCRIMINATION.
To turn Enhanced Video Control On and Of, do the following:
1. Position the screen cursor over the Enhance (Enh Off [On]) button.
2. Left click to toggle the Enhance control On or Off.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Synthetics Button
The operator can suppress all target synthetics on the
screen, other than the radar video, by switching the
Synth On button to Off.
1. To turn synthetics Off left click and hold the left key down on the
Synth On button. The button changes to Synth Off and all target,
range rings, ship symbol and heading line data is removed from the
video circle.
2. To restore all synthetics release the left key on the Synth button.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Trial Manoeuvre
Trial Manoeuvre is a facility that allows the
effect of a proposed manoeuvre, based on
rate of turn for own ship, to be displayed,
both graphically and alpha-numerically.
This gives the operator the ability to
evaluate the possibility of collisions, by
observing the theoretical relative target
vectors that would be produced.
Trial Manoeuvre is located in Status Area
at the bottom right of the screen. To
access the facility click on the Trial tab.
Adjusting Trial Manoeuvre Parameters
The following parameters can be specified to define the proposed
manoeuvre:
• A true course to follow after the manoeuvre.
• A true speed to be maintained during and after the manoeuvre.
• A delay time before the manoeuvre is to start.
• A rate of turn for the manoeuvre.
The ranges and default values for trial manoeuvres are shown in the table
below.
Power on
Parameter Minimum Maximum Resolution
Default

Final True
000.0° 359.9° 0.1° 000.0°
Course

Manoeuvre
0.0kt 112.0kt 0.1kt 6.0kt
Speed

Delay Time 0.0min 30.0min 0.1 min 0.0min

Own ship’s Own ship’s

commissioned commissioned
Rate of Turn 1°/min 1°/min
maximum rate maximum rate
of turn of turn

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Chart Radar User Guide

The manoeuvre course and speed either over the ground or through the
water (SOG or STW) is dependant on the currently selected speed mode,
see Indicator Display.
To enter trial manoeuvre values do the following:

Speed of Manoeuvre
To change the speed, enter the proposed speed of own ship to be
maintained during and after the manoeuvre.
1. Left click on the Trail (STW or SOG) figure to activate, the text
turns green (editable).
2. Move the trackball left or right to set the required speed.
3. Left click to accept and exit edit mode.

Final Course of Own Ship

Enter the proposed course of own ship to be followed after the manoeuvre.
1. Left click on the Final (CSE or COG) figure to activate, the text
turns green (editable).
2. Move the trackball left or right to set the course required.
3. Left click to accept and exit edit mode.

Time to Turn
Enter the proposed time to turn. The figure entered represents the time in
minutes between switching the trial manoeuvre on and actually starting the
manoeuvre.
1. Left click on the Time to Turn figure to activate, the text turns
green (editable).
2. Move the trackball left or right to set the time required.
3. Left click to accept and exit edit mode.

Rate of Turn
Enter the proposed Rate Of Turn in degrees per minute to be maintained
during the manoeuvre.
1. Left click on the Rate of Turn figure to activate, the text turns
green (editable).
2. Move the trackball left or right to set the required value.
3. Left click to accept and exit edit mode.

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 Basic Operation of Radar

Turn Radius
The turn radius figure is generated from the manoeuvre speed and the rate
of turn and is therefore not editable.
Delay Countdown
To set up the manoeuvre delay countdown tick the Timer check box, the
time value previously entered in the Time to Turn field starts to count down
to zero in real time. When the delay countdown reaches zero the Timer
check box is automatically unticked.
If no Time to Turn value has been entered, the manoeuvre starts
immediately and will move along as own ship moves.
Turning Trail Manoeuvre On
Left click on the Manoeuvre On tick box to
switch the manoeuvre on.
Whenever Manoeuvre On is ticked the
video circle displays a large flashing T in
the lower half of the circle.
The manoeuvre vectors are displayed until
the manoeuvre is switched off by unticking
the Manoeuvre On tick box.
The manoeuvre speed, course, rate of turn,
time to turn, vector type and length can be
changed at any time during the trial.
If true (T) vectors are selected, the trial vector shows own ships true course
during the manoeuvre. The Rate of Turn and the manoeuvre speed
determine the radius of the turn. Effects due to tidal stream and leeway are
not taken into account.
If relative (R) vectors are selected, the trial vectors are applied to every
acquired or activated AIS target, with own ship’s vector suppressed, and
show the course and speed of the targets relative to own ship.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Display Of Vectors
Trial manoeuvre vectors are displayed in all presentation modes and all
motion modes when the following conditions are satisfied:
• The Manoeuvre On check box is ticked.
• The heading is valid.
• The range scale is valid for the
display of target synthetics.
The display of True or Relative vectors for
trial manoeuvre is determined by the selection at the top right of the screen.
Enter the proposed vector time by left clicking in the value field and moving
the joystick left or right to increase or decrease the vector time.

The trial manoeuvre vector lengths displayed are dictated by the

selected vector time. Entering a longer vector time will allow you to
see further into the trial manoeuvre. If the vector time is not long
enough to cover the entire manoeuvre then only a part of a trial
manoeuvre vector will be displayed.

Trail Manoeuvre Vector

Own ship’s trial manoeuvre vector consists of the following three sections:
• The first section is a straight line continuing on the own ship's
current course and speed. The vector length is calculated using the
own ship’s current speed and the trial manoeuvre delay time.
• The second section consists of a circular arc between the end of
the first section and start of the third section. The arc radius is
determined by the manoeuvre rate of turn and the manoeuvre
speed.
• The third section is a straight line showing the final course of the
own ship at the manoeuvre speed.
Trial CPA and TCPA
It is possible to display target trial CPA and TCPA values predicted using
the trial manoeuvre parameters.
Any trial CPA and TCPA data is labeled TRIAL CPA and TRIAL TCPA
respectively and does not obscure the actual target data.
Trial CPA and TCPA data is displayed for selected target in the Target
Data window, see Target Data.

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Chapter 4 Sensor Management
Information relating to Ship's heading, course and speed is displayed in the
top left of the screen in an indicator display. This information is available in
both Standby and Transmit modes.
The information is transmitted via navigation sensors. Each sensor is
identified by the type of information that it makes available to the system.
For each sensor type, a data source must be selected to provide the
required data. The indicator values and data source can be viewed and
edited from the Sensors menu.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Indicator Display
The indicator display shows sensor data on the following:
• HDG (Heading)
• STW (Speed Through Water)
• COG (Course Over Ground)
• SOG (Speed Over Ground)

All indicator fields are divided into three columns:

Caption
The captions are always the abbreviated descriptions listed above.
Readout
Shows the current heading direction (as indicated by the Heading Line),
course and speed (through water and over ground) as indicated by the
relevant sensor.
A readout of true heading is always displayed, unless compass alignment
is being prompted, or a compass error has occurred.
Data Source
The active data source from where the reading is taken from.
Valid data is shown in Green. If the data is currently invalid it is
shown in Red .
Stabilisation Options
There are two stabilisation modes (ground and water referenced) for target
tracking. The HDG and STW field block indicates water stabilisation and
the COG/SOG field block indicates ground stabilisation.
To toggle between the two stabilisation modes either click anywhere within
the two field blocks, or click on the adjacent radio button. The block is
highlighted and sensor data is extracted based on the stabilisation mode
selected.

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 Sensor Management

Sensors Menu
All the values attributed to the Ship' s heading,
course and speed are selected and entered in
the Sensors menu folders. For each sensor
the active data source selected at any
workstation for any sensor type is active
system wide. If for any reason a sensor is not
providing valid data it will not be available for
selection, or if there is no active data source
for any sensor then an alarm is raised.
If automatic sensor data is unavailable
manually entered values may be used in
place, see Manually Entering Source Values.
The Sensors menu can be accessed in one of
two ways:
From the Indicator Display:
1. Click in the indicator area to select
either water stabilised (HDG/STW) or
ground stabilised (COG/SOG) fields,
and with the required sensors group
highlighted right click. A drop down
window appears with the current
stabilisation ticked.
2. From this drop down window left click
on the Select nnn source option. The
Sensors window appears on the right side of the screen with the
selected source folder displayed.
From the Main Menu List:
1. Left click on the Sensors field in the main menu list.
2. With the Sensors menu displayed, click on the specific source
button.
The name of each available sensor data source is listed. The sensor
source currently used and its current value are highlighted in bold and the
sensor's radio button selected.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Heading Sensor
To change the Heading values, see Heading Source Values.
Speed Through Water Sensor
To change the STW values, see STW Source Values.
Course Over Ground Sensor
To change the COG values, see COG Source Values.
Speed Over Ground Sensor
To change the SOG values, see SOG Source Values.
Position Sensor
To change the Position sensor data source, see Position Values.
Depth Below Keel Sensor
To change the Depth below Keel sensor data source, see Depth Source
Values.
Set and Drift Sensor
To change the Set and Drift values, see Set and Drift values.
Rate of Turn Sensor
To change the Rate of Turn values, see Rate of Turn Values.

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Sensor Data Sources

Heading Source Values
The Heading folder shows the currently
selected heading sensor type and values.
The folder is divided into two areas; Sensors
and Alignment.
The Sensors area lists the available heading
sensor sources with the currently active
sensor source and its value in highlight. The
Alignment area shows the currently selected
Sensor, its value (true heading) and state
(aligned or unaligned).

Sensors
The system supports the acquisition of
analogue heading data via synchro and stepper interfaces and serial
heading data via a serial port on the PCIO. The Sensors area displays the
analogue data (Gyro) and the serial data (HDT - true heading) and allows
selection between the two data values.
The Sensors area also allows the selection of manual sensor data.
To change the Heading sensor, do the following:
1. Tick the button next to the source.
Whenever the sensor source is about to
be changed a window prompts you to
confirm the change.
2. To confirm click the Yes button, or to
return to the previous sensor source and
value click the No button.
3. Where the sensor is changed the values
shown against the selected sensor
source are entered. The HDG readout
shown in the Indicator Display and the
ship's heading marker also change to
reflect the new sensor value.
4. To change the sensor to the current
manual setting click the button next to
Manual.

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5. Or to enter new manual settings click on the Manual field at the

bottom of the Sensors window, see Manually Changing Source
Values.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Using manual data for HDG position is not

the normal mode of operation. An automatic sensor device should
be selected as soon as valid data is available.

To manually change the Sensor true heading value:

1. Left click on the Value field (the value figures change from white to
green), move the trackerball left or right to decrease or increase the
value settings. Left click when the required value is selected. The
HDG readout shown in the Indicator Display and the ship's heading
marker change to reflect the new sensor value.

Alignment
Synchro and stepper compass values require alignment unless the ratio is
1:1. If alignment is required a prompt to enter the compass angle appears
when the system is powered on. The power up default angle is 000.0° and
the heading readout flashes until aligned.
1. To change the alignment click in the Value field. the text turns
green (editable).
2. Move the trackball left or right to alter the value. The heading
readout changes when the alignment value changes even if the
compass is unaligned.

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STW Source Values

The STW folder lists the available STW
sensor data sources with the currently active
sensor source and its value in highlight.
When Computed is selected for the data
source for STW the system continually
computes the values based on other active
types of sensor data received conventionally
(via an interface).

To change the STW sensor and values, do the following:

1. Tick the button next to the source. Whenever the sensor source is
about to be changed the window prompts you to confirm the
change.
2. To confirm click the Yes button, or to return to the previous sensor
source and value click the No button.
3. Where the sensor is changed the values shown against the
selected sensor source are entered. The STW readout shown in
the Indicator Display also changes to reflect the new sensor value.
4. To change the sensor to the current manual setting click the button
next to Manual.
5. Or to enter new manual settings click on the Manual field at the
bottom of the Sensors window, see Manually Changing Source
Values.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Using manual data is not the normal mode of

operation. An automatic sensor device should be selected as soon
as valid data is available.

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Chart Radar User Guide

COG Source Values

The COG sensor provides information about
own ship course based on actual position
history. The COG folder lists the available
COG sensor data sources with the currently
active sensor source and its value in
highlight.
When Computed is selected for the data
source for COG the system continually
computes the values based on other active types of sensor data received
conventionally (via an interface).
To change the COG values, do the following:
1. Tick the button next to the source. Whenever the sensor source is
about to be changed a window prompts you to confirm the change.
2. To confirm click the Yes button, or to return to the previous sensor
source and value click the No button.
3. Where the change affects more than one sensor a window appears
prompting to select the sensors to be updated with all affected
sensors ticked. To update all click the Apply button, or untick the
boxes next to the sensors where the update should not apply.
4. The values shown against the selected
sensor source are entered. The COG
readout shown in the Indicator Display
and the ship's COG marker also change
to reflect the new sensor value.
5. To change the sensor to the current
manual setting click the button next to
Manual.
6. Or to enter new manual settings click on
the Manual field at the bottom of the
Sensors window, see Manually Changing
Source Values.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Using manual data

is not the normal mode of operation. An
automatic sensor device should be
selected as soon as valid data is
available.

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 Sensor Management

SOG Source Values

The SOG folder lists the available SOG
sensor data sources with the currently active
sensor source and its value in highlight.
When Computed is selected for the data
source for SOG the system continually
computes the values based on other active
types of sensor data received conventionally
(via an interface).
To change the SOG values, do the following:
1. Tick the button next to the source. Whenever the sensor source is
about to be changed a window prompts you to confirm the change.
2. To confirm click the Yes button, or to return to the previous sensor
source and value click the No button.
3. Where the change affects more than one
sensor a window appears prompting to
select the sensors to be updated with all
affected sensors ticked. To update all
click the Apply button, or untick the
boxes next to the sensors where the
update should not apply.

The screen to the right appears when

updating to a GPS sensor. If the sensor
change is from GPS then not all sensors
shown are affected.

4. The values shown against the selected

sensor source are entered. The SOG
readout shown in the Indicator Display
also changes to reflect the new sensor
value.
5. To change the sensor to the current
manual setting click the button next to
Manual.
6. Or to enter new manual settings click on the Manual field at the
bottom of the Sensors window, see Manually Changing Source
Values.

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Chart Radar User Guide

IMPORTANT NOTE: Using manual data is not the normal mode

of operation. An automatic sensor device should be selected as
soon as valid data is available.

Position Values
The Position folder shows geodetic
position data of own ship. The current
position and sensor source are also shown
in the Position tab of the Status area at the
bottom of the screen, see Position.
The folder is divided into two areas;
Sensors and Position Offset.

Sensors
The Sensors area lists the available
position sensor data sources with the
currently active sensor source and its
latitude/longitude values in highlight.
The area also provides computed sensor
data that supplies geodetic position based
on dead reckoning (DR) from the last valid
position received. The dead reckoning
values are determined using vessel
direction and speed.
A timeout value of 30 seconds represents
the maximum age a dead reckoned
position value can be based and still be
considered recently sampled. Position data is determined as recently
sampled if the most recent usable sample received from a position sensor
is not older than the timeout period.
If the Auto position sensor values become invalid the operator may switch
the position data source to DR.
To change the Position sensor, do the following:
To change the sensor source from the current automatic source (usually
GPS):
1. Tick the DR or Man sensor button. Whenever the sensor source is
about to be changed a window prompts you to confirm the change.

Manual sensor data cannot be entered if the system has AIS input.

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 Sensor Management

2. To confirm click the Yes button, or to return to the previous sensor

source and value click the No button.
3. The values shown for the selected sensor source are entered.
4. Where the change is from Manual to
GPS a window appears prompting to
select the sensors to be updated with all
affected sensors ticked. To update all
click the Apply button, or untick the
boxes next to the sensors where the
update should not apply.
5. To enter new manual settings click on
the Manual field at the bottom of the
Sensors window, see Manually Changing
Source Values.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Using manual

data is not the normal mode of operation.
An automatic sensor device should be
selected as soon as valid data is
available.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Position Offset
The Position Offset area shows the current sensor and enables the
operator to enter a position on the chart known to correspond with own
ship’s position and enter an offset bearing value.
Offset values are applied to all data received from the applicable position
sensor.
To enter offset values do the following:
To specify offset range and bearing values:
1. Click in the respective fields, the text becomes green (editable).
Move the trackerball left or right to change data, or right click in the
field and enter values using the on-screen keypad.
To select an offset position on the video circle using the cursor:
1. Click on the Select by Cursor button and move the cursor over the
video circle, the cursor changes to an offset arrow graphic.
2. Click in the position on the video circle where you want the offset to
be applied. The range and bearing values selected on the chart are
shown in the Offset fields.
To apply the entered offset values to own ship tick the Offset Applied
checkbox.

Offset values are not applied to the chart until this checkbox is
ticked.

When offset values are applied the entry is

highlighted in the Posn tab with Offset
shown in orange text.

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 Sensor Management

Depth Source Values

The Depth sensor provides information on
the current depth values:
• depth below keel (DBK)
• depth below transducer (DBT)
• depth below waterline (DBW)
The specific sensor information available will
depend upon installed and configured sensor devices.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Set and Drift Values

The data for Set is shown in degrees, the
data for Drift is shown in nautical miles per
hour.
When Computed is selected for the data
source for Set and Drift the system
continually computes the values based on
other active types of sensor data received
conventionally (via an interface).
When incorrect computed values are
suspected they can be manually set to zero or to an estimated manual
value. The system will re-calculate accurate Set and Drift values after
accurate sensor data has been restored.
To set the Set and Drift values to manual click the Manual button. Or to
enter new manual settings click on the Manual field at the bottom of the
Sensors window, see Manually Changing Source Values.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Using manual data is not the normal mode

of operation. An automatic sensor device should be selected as
soon as valid data is available.

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Rate of Turn Values

The Rate of Turn (ROT) folder lists the
available ROT sensor data sources with the
currently active sensor source and its value in
highlight.
When Computed is selected for the data
source for ROT the system continually
computes the values based on other active types of sensor data received
conventionally (via an interface).
The ROT is indicated as unavailable if the Heading from the selected
source is unavailable, invalid, or implausible.

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Manually Entering Source Values

When a valid source of sensor data is unavailable, manually entered values
can be used. After a manual value has been entered for any sensor type,
the data source for that sensor type must be reset to Manual before the
entered values will be active.
Manual data is not normally used for all of the sensor types at the same
time, except perhaps in system testing or in an operational simulation.
WARNING: Inappropriate use of manual sensor data as the
source of navigational information may cause a hazard, since
manually entered data cannot be updated as frequently or as
accurately as data provided by automatic devices. This is true
particularly if manual data is selected as the source for the
Position or Heading sensors, especially when operating with
Track Control.
To manually enter source values, do the following:
1. Left click on the Manual tab at the
bottom of the Sensors menu. The
previously entered manual values
for all sensors, vessel set and drift
and Latitude/Longitude position are
shown. If no manual values have
been entered the fields show zero.
2. To change individual settings left
click in the required field and adjust
setting by moving the trackerball to
the left (to decrease) or right to
increase the setting.
3. Or to change all settings to manual
click on the Select All Manual
Sensors button.

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Chapter 5 Presentation, Motion, Vector and Trail
Modes
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
• Selecting a presentation mode and how this affects the video
display.
• Selecting a motion mode and how this affects the display of own
ship and other targets on the display.
• Displaying the velocity of own ship and other targets as vectors on
the video display.
• Displaying the history of a target's movements as a trail on the
video display.

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Presentation Modes
Data from the compass can be processed to produce a correct ‘stabilised’
display. There are two types of stabilised mode available: North-Up and
Course-Up. A valid source of heading data must be selected to use a
stabilised mode. Without a compass input, the display is 'unstabilised’ and
is shown with the ship’s heading marker vertically upwards indicating
straight ahead movement (Head-Up mode).
In a stabilised presentation mode radar video and trails are maintained
relative to a fixed true bearing. In an unstabilised presentation mode radar
video and trails are maintained relative to the ship’s fore/aft axis.
The currently selected presentation mode is shown on the
presentation mode button. The modes available for selection
are:
• Head-Up (H Up)
Unstabilised display. The ship’s heading marker is always shown
vertically upwards indicating straight ahead movement. This is the
power up default presentation mode.

• North-Up (N Up)
Stabilised display. The bearing scale shows 000° at the top of the
video circle (assumed to be true north). The ship’s heading marker
is shown at the appropriate bearing.

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 Presentation, Motion, Vector and Trail Modes

• Course-Up (C Up)
Stabilised display. On selection of Course-Up mode, the ship’s
bearing is shown at the top of the video circle with 000° elsewhere
on the circle, still representing true north.

To change the presentation mode, do the following:

1. Click the presentation mode button. This will cycle through the
available choices for the presentation mode (N Up and C Up only).
Or:
1. Right click on the presentation mode button. A list of
available presentation modes will be shown in a drop
down menu.
2. Left click on the presentation mode you want to use.

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Changing course
A presentation mode can be automatically changed as a side effect of
another action (e.g. changing the motion mode) or as a result of an invalid
heading. When this happens a temporary prompt indicating that the
presentation mode has changed is displayed, see Prompts.
An alarm is given within five seconds of the heading becoming invalid.
When the system is switched to transmit and the radar video center is
outside the allowable offset limits, the radar video is automatically centered
in the video circle. This can occur when a smaller range scale is selected.
When the C Up mode is in operation, if the ship alters course the bearing
scale does not realign automatically. A Course-Up reset should then be
performed by re-selecting the mode. This realigns the bearing scale to
bring the new course to the top of the video circle.

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 Presentation, Motion, Vector and Trail Modes

Motion Modes
The motion mode determines whether own ship moves
across the radar picture or remains at a static point. Motion
mode also determines how the trails of moving targets are shown.
The currently selected Motion Mode is displayed at the top right of the
screen. The modes available for selection are:
• RM(R) Relative Motion – Relative Trails
Own ship is shown at a fixed point in the video circle (normally the
center) and all target trails are shown relative to own ship’s
movement. This means that stationary targets will have trails if own
ship is moving. RM (R) is available in all range scales and is
automatically selected when Head Up presentation mode is
selected.
• RM(T) Relative Motion – True Trails
Own ship is shown at a selected point in the video circle (normally
the center), with all target trails displayed. Unlike RM (R) stationary
targets trails are not generated. The advantage of this mode over
true motion is that a constant range ahead of own ship is always
shown, so there is no need to reset the display.
Relative Motion – True Trails is not available below 0.5nm range
scale. If the range scale goes below 0.5nm the display will
temporarily revert to RM (R). On selecting a valid range scale it will
revert to RM (T).
• TM True Motion
In True Motion own ship moves across the video circle, with all
target trails displayed, stationary targets trails are not generated.
True Motion is only available on range scales 0.5nm to 48nm. If the
range scale is outside these limits, it will temporarily revert to RM
(R) on a lower range scale and RM (T) on the 96nm range. On
selecting a valid range scale it will revert to True Motion.
Motion modes can be altered in both Standby and Transmit mode.
A motion mode can be automatically changed as a side effect of another
action (e.g. changing the range scale or presentation mode) or as a result
of an invalid heading. When this happens a temporary prompt indicating
that the motion mode has changed is displayed, see Prompts.

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Chart Radar User Guide

To change the motion mode, do the following:

There are two methods of selecting the motion mode, either:
1. Click on the motion mode button. This will cycle through the
available choices for motion mode.

If RM (R) is currently selected, the first left click will select RM (T)
mode. Subsequent left clicks will toggle between TM and RM (T)
only. To choose RM (R) again use the drop down menu to select it:

Or:
1. Right click on the motion mode button. A list of
available motion modes will be shown in a drop down
menu.
2. Left click on the motion mode you want to use.

Presentation Modes affecting Motion Modes

If the display is 'unstabilised’ i.e. the heading is invalid, the presentation
mode is Head Up (see Presentation Modes) and only RM (R) mode can be
selected. If the display becomes `stabilised’ then the desired motion mode
can be selected.
Range Scales affecting Motion Modes
If the range scale is adjusted the system automatically adjusts the motion
mode so that the actual mode is always compatible with the current range
scale. The motion mode reverts back to the desired mode (typically the
motion mode last selected) whenever a range scale for which the desired
motion mode is available.
If the range scale is reduced below 0.5 NM (see Range Scales) then the
motion mode currently in use (RM (T) or TM) will automatically default to
RM (R).
If the motion mode is TM and the range scale is increased above 48 NM
then the motion mode will default to RM (T).
When the system automatically adjusts the desired motion mode to the
actual motion mode the lettering is displayed in orange.

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 Presentation, Motion, Vector and Trail Modes

Vector Modes
Vectors are shown on the radar display
to indicate the velocity (speed and
direction) of own ship and moving
targets. The length of the vector indicates
speed and its bearing indicates direction.
Vectors are only shown in Transmit
mode, not in Standby mode.
If the system has the AIS option fitted
then all target vectors are shown as
dashed. If the system is not AIS fitted
then vectors are shown as solid.
Selecting the Vector Mode
The vector mode determines whether the vectors represent the true
velocity of targets or their velocity relative to own ship. The vector mode is
either True (T) Relative (R) and is aligned with the motion mode (relative
or true).
• True Vectors
All moving targets and own ship have a vector representing their
movement (speed and direction) over the water/ground. Stationary
targets do not have a vector.
Own ship's vector can be turned on or off from the System menu,
see Options.

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• Relative Vectors
If own ship is moving, all targets, moving and stationary, have a
vector representing their movement (speed and direction) relative
to own ship. Own ship will not have a vector in this mode, for
information on own ship vectors, see Own Ship.

To select a Vector Mode, do the following:

A true (T) or relative (R) Vector mode can be selected as follows,
1. Position the screen cursor over the Vector mode selection field.
2. Consecutive left clicks will toggle the mode between True (T) and
Relative (R) vectors.
3. Or right click on the current vector mode and
select from True or Relative from the drop down
menu.

If the selected vector mode is not the same as

the current motion mode, the value is shown in orange. The vector
mode will revert to the same as the motion mode (relative or true)
after 30 seconds.

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 Presentation, Motion, Vector and Trail Modes

Vector Time
The Vector Time selected will determine the length of the vectors shown on
the radar display. The length of a vector represents the distance the ship or
target will travel in the vector time. For example:
• Vector Time 5 minutes
• Speed (of ship or target) 12kt
• Length of vector 1nm
The optimum vector time will depend upon the range scale that is in use.
Extending the vector time will help you predict closest point of approach
(CPA) of targets to own ship and other targets.
To change Vector Time, do the following:
Either:
1. Position the screen cursor over the vector time field.
2. Left click to edit. The text becomes green (editable).

3. Move the trackerball left to decrease or right to increase the time.

4. Left click to accept the re-entered time.
Or:
1. Right click over the vector time field. The numeric
keypad appears.
2. Enter the revised vector time field using the
keypad's numeric keys. If a value entered is
incorrect press the Back key. With the required
values enter click the OK key.
3. The keypad is removed from the screen and the
revised value is entered at the vector time field.

Extending the vector time lets you check on CPAs

of targets by projecting their movements further into the future.

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Trails Mode
In addition to a target's vector the radar shows decaying video trails,
showing the history of a targets' movements.

The way the trails are shown depends on the motion mode in use:
• In Relative Motion – Relative Trails (RM(R)) the trails indicate the
movement of the targets relative to own ship.
• In True Motion (TM) and Relative Motion – True Trails (RM (T)) the
trails have own ship's speed applied. This shows movement over
the ground if the selected speed is Speed Over Ground (SOG) or
movement over water if Speed Through Water (STW) is selected.
Trails are only shown in Transmit Mode, they are not shown in Standby
Mode.
The following Trails Modes are available:
• SHORT
High rate of decay giving a short trail. Actual trail length will depend
on the range in use. See table below.
The trail time defaults to SHORT after power up.

• LONG
Low rate of decay giving a long trail. Actual trail length will depend
on the range in use. See table below.

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• PERM
Permanent trail which does not decay. When the trail length
becomes greater than 99 minutes it shown as PERM.
• OFF
Trails are removed from display.
The Trails button is displayed at the top right of the screen and in addition
to the modes described above also denotes by the letter `T' or `R' the true
or relative trails mode.

Trail Length Time

The trail time shows the length of the trails in minutes and seconds. If the
trails are still below their maximum length, a count-up time is shown,
indicating how long they have been building up.
The selection of LONG or SHORT Trails changes the trail time and is
dependant on the range scale in use. When the range scale is changed the
trail time restarts at zero before building up to the maximum time for the
range scale and trail type selected. If Permanent Trails mode is selected
the trails do not decay.
The table below lists the long and short maximum trail times, relative to the
range scale.

Range Scale (nm) Short Trail time Long Trail time

0.125 10 sec 30 sec

0.25 10 sec 30 sec
0.5 15 sec 45 sec
0.75 15 sec 45 sec
1.5 30 sec 90 sec
3.0 30 sec 90 sec
6.0 and above 60 sec 3 min

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To change the Trails Mode, do the following:

Either:
1. Position the screen cursor over the Trails Mode field.
2. Consecutive left clicks will toggle the modes as listed above.
Or:
1. Position the screen cursor over the Trails
Mode field and right click. The mode
options listed above appear in a drop
down window.
2. Select the Trails mode option from the
window.
3. To reset the Trails time select Reset. The time shown to the right of
the trails mode is momentarily reset to 0min 0s before re-counting.

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Chapter 6 Navigation Tools
This section covers the creating, editing and deleting of the following
navigation tools :
• Parallel Index Lines
• Mapping
• Parallel Cursor
• Ownship

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Parallel Index Lines

The Parallel Index (PI) Lines facility allows
up to five index lines to be displayed
simultaneously. The lines span the entire
video circle, irrespective of the range scale
in use.
PI lines are available in all presentation and
motion modes, but only on range scales of
0.25 NM and above. Selecting an invalid
range scale will suppress the display of PI
lines until a valid range is reselected.
Each PI line is defined by the range of its
closest point to own ship, its bearing and its
line type. Bearings are true when in a stabilised presentation mode, but
relative to own ship’s head when in an unstabilised mode.
Switching between stabilised and unstabilised presentation modes, or
between Standby and Transmit, causes PI lines to be switched off.
A saved set of PI lines can be imported or exported among system nodes.
Selecting PI Lines
To access PI lines left click on the Parallel
Index Lines field from the Nav Tools menu
list. The PI Lines Select folder is displayed.
When the PI lines Select folder is first
accessed no PI lines are displayed, the
Selected Set shows <Default Set> and the
display on is unticked. To select a previously
created set of PI lines click on the drop down
arrow to the right of the Selected Set field and
check the Display On tick box to display the
PI lines in the video circle.

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Creating a new set of PI Lines

To create and name a new set of PI lines do the following:
1. Click on the Add Set button.
2. The screen prompts to enter a name for
the new set of PI lines with the current
date and time highlighted in the set field
name. To enter the current date and time
as the PI name click the OK button, or to
edit the name click in the field, the text
changes to green (editable) and the on­
screen keypad is displayed immediately
below the field.
3. Enter a new name using the on-screen
keypad, press the Back button to delete
characters or the space button to create a
space. With the required name entered
press the OK button.
4. When a new set is created the set name is
entered in the system and displayed in the
Selected Set drop down list.
5. You can now add PI lines to the set name,
see Adding or Deleting PI Lines.

Adding or Deleting PI Lines or Sets

To add or delete a PI line do the following:
1. With the PI set name entered click the
Add Line button. A line is created on
the video circle and the default line
values are shown in the Line Data area.
A PI line is always initially created with
its axis through the CCRP and the
bearing angle the same as the current
heading line of own ship.
2. To create further PI Lines click on the
Add Line button. On the video circle the
previously created line is displayed as
orange and the new line shown as blue.
A further set of Line Data values are

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displayed with default values and the last line created is highlighted
in Line Data.
3. To delete a line from the Set select the
line by clicking on the specific Line
button, and with the button highlighted
click on the Delete Line button. The
selected line is deleted from the screen
and its Line Data removed from the PI
Lines window.
4. You can edit the display of PI lines by
unchecking the tick boxes next to each
Line button. When a tick box is
unchecked the line's values remain but the line is removed from the
video circle.
5. To delete a line set select the set name by clicking on the Selected
Set drop down list and with the set displayed click on the Delete
Set button. A window appears prompting to confirm the deletion.
Click OK to confirm, the set is deleted and the PI Lines window
reappears with <Default Set> in the set field.

Copying or Renaming PI Line Sets

To copy or rename a PI line set do the
following:
To copy a PI Line set:
1. Highlight the set name from the Selected
Set drop down list and click on the Copy
Set button. The window prompts to enter
a name for the newly copied Pl line set
with the current date and time highlighted
in the set field name.
2. To enter the current date and time as the
PI name click the OK button, or to edit
the name click in the field, the text
changes to green (editable) and the on­
screen keypad is displayed immediately
below the field.

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3. Enter a new name using the keypad, press the Back button to
delete characters or the space button to create a space. With the
required name entered press the OK button.
4. When a new set name is created the set name is entered in the
system and displayed in the Selected Set drop down list.
To rename an existing PI line set:
1. Highlight the set name from the Selected Set drop down list and
click on the Rename Set button. The window prompts to rename
the selected Pl line set with the current date and time highlighted in
the set field name.
2. To enter the current date and time as the PI name click the OK
button, or to edit the name click in the field, the text changes to
green (editable) and the on-screen keypad is displayed
immediately below the field.
3. Enter a new name using the keypad, press the Back button to
delete characters or the space button to create a space. With the
required name entered press the OK button.
4. The PI line set is renamed in the Selected Set list

Editing PI Lines
To edit a PI line do the following:
Selecting a different line style enables you to clearly identify each PI line.
1. To change the line style highlight the line by clicking on the line
button.
2. Click on the drop down list next to the
current line style (defaults to Solid), a
list of line styles is displayed as
numerical indicators.
3. Select the preferred line style from the
list, each style is a variation of line
dashes.
4. The line's style is changed to the selected option on the video
circle.

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You can edit the line bearing and range in either of the following ways:
a. Move the cursor over the PI line, the cursor changes to the

following
b. Use the trackball to pivot the line around the CCRP, the
bearing angle value in Line Data automatically changes as the
line bearing is moved.
c. To adjust the line range move the cursor over the middle of the
line where a small centre line bisects at the CCRP.

the cursor changes to the following

d. Move the trackball left or right to adjust the range of the line to
either side of the CCRP.

Or
a. Click on the line bearing and range fields in the Line Data area,
the values change to green (editable). Move the trackball to
change the data values, the NM range value denotes the
distance of the line to the CCRP (defaults to 0.0) and the
bearing values denote the angle from 000°.

Changing the Bearing Type

The PI lines menu defaults to displaying the PI
lines in true bearing, which is valid for a correct
‘stabilised’ display. If the heading data becomes
invalid the display is 'unstabilised’ and the PI
Lines are not displayed. To display the PI lines on an unstabilised display
select Relative from the Bearing Type drop down list.
The PI line displays a T or R to the side of the line, depending on the
bearing type selected.

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Importing and Exporting PI Lines

A set of named PI lines can be distributed across system nodes via the
import/export (I/O) tab.
To import or export a set of PI lines do the following.
To export PI lines:
1. Choose whether to export the
currently selected set, i.e. the set
shown on the video circle and the
Select tab, or all sets listed in the
Select Set drop down list by clicking
on the Export drop down arrow.
2. Enter a filename for the PI lines in the Filename field using the
screen keypad.
3. Navigate to the directory folder where you want to export the files
to and click on the Export button. The filename entered appears in
the field above the Import / Export buttons and a temporary prompt
appears confirming the exported file
and folder name.
To import PI lines:
1. Navigate to the file in the network
directory, the selected file appears in
the field above the Import / Export
buttons.
2. Click on the Import button, the file is
imported and a temporary prompt
appears confirming the imported file
and folder name.

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Mapping
Mapping
The Mapping facility includes the ability to display, edit,
group or import/export mapping object symbols from a
database library anywhere within the video circle. Mapping objects are
displayed in either Standby or Transmit mode.

Apart from Navigation Marks, all other mapping objects will only be
displayed and can only be created when Radar Maps is selected
from the Charts/Radar Maps button.

The Mapping menu includes the following tab folders:

• Display
• Edit
• Maps
• I/O (Import/Export)
All mapping objects are initially created from the Edit folder. For
information on creating, editing and deleting mapping objects, see
Creating, Editing and Deleting Mapping Objects.
Other mapping objects, or groups of objects, can be imported or exported
from one workstation to another via the Import / Export folder. For
information on importing or exporting mapping objects see Importing and
Exporting Mapping Objects.
Specific objects can be saved in a group which is then named by the
operator. Object groups can be added, deleted or renamed via the Maps
folder. For information on object groups see Mapping Groups.
You can control the display of generated groups and object types via the
Display folder. For information see Display Group Elements.

Multinode Support for Mapping

Geographic Markups and Mapping objects can be saved and retrieved from
a shared database.
The operator is able to edit a radar map that is in use on another
workstation. When a radar map is saved after editing it is automatically
updated on all other nodes, even if it is being currently displayed on other
nodes.

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Mapping Maps
The Maps folder displays all the object maps
created on the workstation. If no maps have
been created then the window is blank.
The folder includes the options to name and
add a new map, and delete or rename a
previously created map.
To add a new map do the following:
1. Click in the Map Name field, the
alphanumeric keypad appears.

2. Enter a name for the mapping group using the keypad, when a
name has been entered click the OK button, the keypad
disappears from the screen.
3. Click the Add New Map button. The name entered is added to the
Maps list.
To delete an existing map from the list do the following:

Deleting a mapping group will result in all the objects in the map
also being deleted.

1. Highlight the map to be deleted and click on the Delete Selected

Map button.
2. The screen prompts to confirm the deletion. Select Yes to confirm.
3. The selected map is removed from the list.

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To rename a selected map do the following:

1. Highlight the map to be renamed from the Maps list.
2. Click in the Map Name: field, the alphanumeric keypad appears.
3. Enter a new name for the map using the keypad, when a name has
been entered click the OK button, the keypad disappears from the
screen.
4. Click the Rename Selected Map button, the screen prompts for
confirmation of the rename. Click the Yes button to confirm.
5. The map name selected in the Maps list is changed to the revised
name.
Editing Maps
All the creating, editing and deleting functions
of Radar Maps is done in the Edit folder.

Create Radar Maps

Mapping objects are created by clicking on
the Create Radar Maps button. The
subsequent folder enables you to select the
following:
• Map - any object maps created in the Maps folder
• Type - the type of mapping object
• Symbol/Description - the group of symbols assigned to the map
type.

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To create a mapping object do the following:

1. Click on the Map drop down list and
select the mapping map to which the
objects to be created will be
assigned. If no map has been
created then <Default Map> only
appears.
2. Click on the Type drop down list and
select the mapping type. All mapping
symbols are assigned to the
following types:
• Navigation Mark
• Line
• Danger Point
• Buoy
• Beacon
• Area
• Other point
3. With the mapping type selected click
on the Symbol/Description drop
down list to view all the available
symbols for that type. The field
directly underneath the
Symbol/Description drop down list
includes a brief description of the
currently selected object.

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4. Select the symbol you want to create and move the cursor into the
video circle. The screen cursor displays MO EDIT.
5. Click in the area of the video circle
where you want the symbol positioned.
The symbol appears with a bold white
box around it and the Edit folder adds
the it's LAT/LON position and a Notes
field.

6. To create the same symbol in a

different position move the cursor to
another area of the screen and left
click. Each left click in the video circle
results in a new symbol of the selected
type being created
7. To enter a specific LAT/LON position for the symbol click on the
Manually Create.. button. The screen prompts to specify a LAT /
LON position
8. Click in the LAT/LON fields, enter a position using the screen
keypad, and click the OK button. The symbol is created in the
position specified.
9. To exit the Create Radar Maps mode click the Done button, the
symbols created are fixed in position and the folder returns to the
Edit menu.

Creating Mapping Lines and Areas

The initial process of creating an mapping line or area is similar to the

creation of other mapping objects but also includes the insertion of specific
points that comprise the object.
To create an mapping line or area do the following:

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 Navigation Tools

1. Click on the Type drop down arrow

and select either Line or Area.
2. Click on the Symbol/Description
drop down arrow and select the
symbol you want to create.
3. Move the cursor into the video circle
and click in the area of the circle
where you want the first point of the
line or area positioned. The first
point is created as a small red circle
and its LAT/LON position is shown,
you can edit the position by
changing the LAT/LON values.

4. To enter further points left click in the video circle. The points
previously created appear as grey circles and the last created point
appears as a red circle. The system automatically connects each
point with direct lines, areas created are automatically shaded.
Lines require two points or more and areas require three or more
points to be correctly specified.

5. To save the mapping object and start a new line or area click on
the Start New Line/Area button. An additional line or area can be
created on the video circle.
6. To enter a specific LAT/LON position for the symbol click on the
Manually Create button. The screen prompts to specify a LAT /
LON position

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7. Click in the LAT/LON fields, enter a position using the screen

keypad, and click the OK button. The symbol is created in the
position specified.
8. To exit the Create Radar Maps mode click the Done button, the
symbols created are fixed in position and the folder returns to the
Edit menu.

View/Edit Radar Maps

To can view information or edit a previously created map object by clicking
on the View/Edit Radar Maps button
To view or edit a mapping object do the following:
1. Move the cursor over the symbol to
be viewed or edited, the cursor
changes from a cross hair to a four
sided arrow.
2. Click on the symbol, the selected
object is highlighted with a white box
and the folder displays the symbol's
description and positioning
information.
3. To change the map to which the
symbol belongs click on the Map drop
down list and select the new map.
4. To change the object type and
symbol click on the Type and
Symbol/Description drop down
arrows and select from the list. Note
that the Type list only shows the
mapping types currently displayed.
5. As the type and symbol are changed
the symbol's graphic representation
changes on the video circle.
6. To change the symbol's position click in the
LAT/LON position fields and enter data using the on-screen
keypad.
7. To enter notes on the mapping symbol click in the Notes field, the
screen keypad appears from where you can enter notes.

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8. To exit the View/Edit Radar Maps mode click the Done button, the
folder returns to the Edit menu.
View/Edit Mapping Lines and Areas
You can edit previously created lines or areas either from the Edit folder, or
directly from the video circle by right clicking on the object.
To view/edit a mapping line or area from the Edit folder do the
following:
1. Select the object by clicking on any one of the line or area's points.
2. The folder displays the mapping object's description and
positioning information as described previously but with the
addition of a Left Click Action drop down list.
3. To edit the object select the action
required by clicking on the drop down
list, the following editing actions are
available:
• Add Point to End
• Add Point to Start
• Delete Point
4. Select the line/area editing option from the list, to add a point move
the cursor to the object's start or end point and left click or to delete
a point left click on the line/area point to be deleted.

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To view/edit an object line or area from the video circle do the

following:
Right click on any point in the line or area, the
point's circle color changes from white to red
(editable) and a semi-transparent window
appears in the video circle listing the following
editing options:
• Insert
• Delete
• Append
• Prepend

If you left click on the line/area, between two points, the window includes
Append and Prepend only.
1. To insert an additional point at the cursor location on the line select
Insert Point from the window. To move the point to a different
location hold down the left key use the trackball to move the
additional point to the desired location, the connecting lines are
redrawn accordingly.
2. To delete a point, right click on it and select Delete Point from the
window. The selected point is deleted and the connecting lines are
redrawn accordingly.
3. To add a point to the end of the line/area, right click in the desired
location and select Append Point . An additional point is
positioned directly under the cursor . Use the trackball, or position
control in the Edit menu, to move the point to the required position.
4. To add a point to the beginning of the line/area, right click in the
desired location and select Prepend Point . An additional point is
positioned directly under the cursor. Use the trackball, or position
control in the Edit menu, to move the point to the required position.

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Delete Radar Maps

You can delete previously created mapping objects either from the Edit
folder, or directly from the video circle by right clicking on the object.
To delete an mapping object from the Edit folder do the following:
1. Click on the Delete Radar Maps
button. The folder prompts to left
click on the object you wish to delete
with a Confirm on Delete tick box.
To receive system prompts to
confirm deletion before any object is
deleted tick the box. If the box is
unticked then objects are deleted without confirmation.
2. The cursor displays DEL when moved into the video circle. Move
the cursor over the object to be deleted, the cursor lines change
from horizontal and vertical cross hairs to diagonal cross hairs,
indicating a delete action can now be performed.
3. Click on the object to delete it. If the Confirm On Delete check box
is ticked then the screen will prompt you to confirm the deletion. If
the Confirm check box is unticked the object is immediately deleted
from the screen.
To delete an mapping object from the video circle do the following:
1. Right click on the object in the video
circle, a semi transparent window
appears with the option of deleting the
named object.
2. Select Delete (type name). The object
is deleted from the screen.

The option of deleting a mapping object by right clicking on it is

available independent of the Mapping Edit mode.

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Displaying Maps
The Display folder enables you to view a list
of generated maps and all the mapping
object types.
The Display folder lists all generated
mapping maps (as shown in Mapping Maps)
and object types. If no maps have been
generated then the Displayed Maps window
shows <Default Map> only.
To select or deselect all maps and/or
displayed types click the Select All or
Deselect All buttons below each list. Or to
select or deselect specific mapping maps or
types tick or untick the corresponding tick
box.
Maps and object types that are checked are
enabled for display in the video circle.
Unchecked maps and types are disabled for
display.

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Importing and Exporting Maps

The I/O (Import/Export) folder enables you to
import or export all objects, mapping maps or
objects that appear in operator specified
geographic areas. Mapping objects not
currently on a workstation can be imported
from an external drive, and existing mapping
objects can be exported to an external drive.

Importing Maps
To import maps do the following:
1. Navigate to the external drive where
the mapping objects reside. The field
below the directory tree will show any
valid object files in the selected folder.
2. Select the file to import.
3. Click the Import button to import the
selected file's contents to your
Workstation and a temporary prompt
appears confirming the imported file
and folder name.

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Exporting Maps
To export maps do the following:
1. Select the drive to export the object to.
2. Click on the drop arrow in the Export
field, the export options available are:
ƒ All Objects - all mapping objects
on your workstation.
ƒ Objects in Map - objects
assigned to a specific map.
ƒ Objects in Area - the objects currently located in a specific
user-defined area of the video
circle.
3. If Objects in Map is selected a Map
drop down list appears. Select the map
to export by clicking on the drop down
arrow.
4. If Objects in Area is selected the
LAT/LON fields for Southwest and
Northeast corner appear. Enter the
LAT/LON co-ordinates for the area
which you want to export.
5. When the export options have been
selected name the file to be exported
in the Filename field and click the
Export button. A temporary prompt
appears confirming the exported file
and folder name.

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 Navigation Tools

Navigation Marks
Navigation marks (Nav Marks) are used by the operator
to indicate positions of interest, they are displayed on
the video circle as a series of small crosses.
Up to 100 Nav marks can be created and deleted
independently of the Nav Tools facility. Nav Marks can
be created in both Standby and Transmit modes, all
presentation modes and range scales.
To create or delete Nav Marks do the following:
To create a Nav Mark:
1. Right click anywhere within the video
circle, a semi-transparent window appears
at the position selected.
2. Select Create Nav Mark from the window.
A Nav mark is created at the selected
position and is shown as two white
diagonal lines.
3. To view a selected Nav mark's LAT/LON position click on the Nav
mark which is then highlighted with a white box, and navigate
Mapping, Edit, see Editing Maps
A Nav mark's position can be changed in one of two ways:
1. With the Nav Mark selected drag the object to a position on the
video circle by moving the trackball.
Or:
1. To define a more exact position coordinate left click in the
LAT/LON Position fields in the Editing Maps folder, the data
changes to green (editable) and the numerical keypad appears
from where you can enter revised position data.
2. When the revised LAT/LON data has been entered the Nav mark is
moved to the new position on the video circle.
To delete a Nav mark:
1. Right click on the Nav mark and select
Delete Nav Mark from the semi­
transparent window. The Nav Mark and its
coordinates are deleted from the system.

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Parallel Cursor
The Parallel Cursor facility enables a rotating
parallel cursor centered on the CCRP to be
displayed The parallel cursor graphics
consist of two orthogonal lines (axes)
extending to the edge of the video circle with
their axis crossing point at CCRP, the end
points of each line are marked with a semi­
circular marker at the edge of the video
circle. A series of equally spaced parallel
lines, spaced at the currently set range ring
interval, are shown on either both sides of the
CCRP (full mode) or one side of the CCRP
(half mode).
Parallel Cursor is available in Standby or Transmit mode, all motion modes,
presentation modes and range scales.

To access the facility click on the Parallel Cursor field from the Nav Tools
menu list. The Parallel Cursor window is displayed.
To turn on the Parallel Cursor and change settings do the following:
1. To turn the parallel cursor on click the Display On tick box. The
first time the parallel cursor is displayed, one cross axis runs
parallel to ship’s heading and the display mode is in full.
2. To toggle between Full and Half mode click on the Display Mode
drop down arrow.

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3. From the Bearing Type drop down arrow select between Relative
and True. When True is selected the parallel cursor is azimuth
stabilised (i.e. maintains a constant orientation with respect to
north). When Relative is selected the parallel cursor is unstabilised
(i.e. maintains a constant orientation with respect to ship’s
heading). When True is selected and the heading becomes
invalid the parallel cursor is not displayed.
4. To rotate the parallel cursor either click on one of the four semi­
circular markers, hold down the left key and move the trackball ball
left or right to change bearing.
Or
5. Click in the Bearing field, the text becomes green (editable). Move
the trackball left or right to change the bearing degree, the parallel
cursors move dependant on the values entered.
6. To realign the parallel cursor along ship's heading click on the
Reset to Ship Heading button.

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Ownship
The Ownship facility enables the display of
synthetics data for own ship to be controlled.
The display options are:
• Beam Line and length
• Predicted Vector
• Vector Tick Marks
Beam Line & Length
The length of the beam line defaults to
10mm, this is the minimum length the line
extends each side of own ship's CCRP.
To change the length of the beam line click in the length field, the value
figure changes to green (editable). Move the trackball right to increase the
length, or if the length has been increased previously, left to decrease. Left
click again to exit the editing process.
Predicted Vector
The own ship vector symbol indicates ship’s direction and speed. The
symbol is shown with a double arrowhead when in ground stabilisation
mode, and a single arrowhead when in water stabilisation mode, for more
details see Own Ship. To turn own ship's vector on or off tick the Display
Predicted Vector tick box.
Vector Tick Marks
Tick marks can displayed along the vector length at 1-minute intervals, with
every sixth tick mark is shown with double thickness, for more details see
Own Ship. To turn vector tick marks on or off tick the Display Vector Tick
Marks tick box.

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Next Turn EBL

Vision Master supports the input of a Next Turn EBL sentence that
transfers data from a VMS, this data can then be represented graphically in
the video circle.
The Next Turn EBL is used while own ship is planning and executing a
turn.
The display of the Next Turn EBL can be
switched between on and off by clicking on
the Next Turn EBL tick box in the More
Nav Tools sub menu. The default setting
for Next Turn EBL is on.
A valid compass input is required to display the Next Turn EBL graphics, if
the heading is unusable then the graphics will not be displayed.
The system uses the following VMS information to display the Next Turn
EBL:
• Bearing of initial line, degrees with respect to north
• Length of initial line, in nautical miles (can be zero if initial line is
not to be drawn)
• Radius of arc, in nautical miles
• Bearing of final line, degrees with respect to north
• Display status of Next Turn EBL, on or off
• Position of origin of Next Turn EBL, in nautical miles fore/aft and
port/ starboard, with respect to the centre of the ship
The final line is always drawn to the circumference of the video circle.

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Chapter 7 Alarms
This section covers the alarm management system. The alarm system
generates announcements related to displayed information or equipment
malfunction.
The system uses three different types of announcements:
• Alarms
• Warnings
• Prompts (permanent and temporary)
All alarms and warnings are indicated by both audible and visual means.
Alarms are initially displayed on the Alarm Status Indicator, from where
they can be acknowledged. An unacknowledged alarm displays as a
flashing color whereas an acknowledged, but still existing alarm, displays a
constant color, see Alarm Status Indicator.
Alarms are raised until they are acknowledged, and the visual indications of
individual alarms remain until the fault has been corrected, when the alarm
system automatically resets to normal operating condition. Alarms can only
be cancelled if the condition causing them has been dealt with successfully.
For some alarms, the system may provide the acknowledgement
automatically and clear the alarm.
Prompts are raised to communicate information that does not necessarily
require operator action. Prompts appear directly underneath the Alarms
and Warnings field, see Prompts.
There are two types of announcement sources: internal and external.
Internal announcements are those announcements generated by the
VisionMaster system. External announcements are those relayed to the
alarm management system by external sources. Both internal and external
announcements are displayed and acknowledged through the same display
menu, see Alarm Display.
For a list of the alarms which can be raised by the system and any remedial
action to be taken, see List of Alarms.

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Alarm Status indicator

The Alarm Status Indicator displays the
current alarm and warning
announcement status of the system.
The Alarm status indicator's background color is based on the state and
status of active announcements in the system. If no active announcements
exist, the background color shows the system background color and the
message No Alarms is displayed. If unacknowledged announcements
exist, the background color changes to a flashing color based on the
highest unacknowledged announcement category, these are:
• red for alarm
• orange for warning
To acknowledge an Alarm left click on the indicator's alarm message. The
alarm is removed from the Alarm Status Indicator and, if other
unacknowledged alarms exist, is replaced by the next in order of priority.
The alarm remains listed (non flashing) in the Alarms Display list as long as
the condition exists, see Alarm Display.
When alarms have been acknowledged in the alarm status indicator but
alarms are still active, the background color displays a steady color based
on the highest acknowledged announcement category.
To view details on Alarms right click on the Alarm Status Indicator, the
Alarm Display menu appears.

Alarm Status
There are three types of alarm status:
• Unacknowledged Alarms
When an alarm condition is detected, that alarm appears with a
flashing background color in the Alarm status indicator and the
Alarm display. If more than one alarm condition exists, the alarm
with the highest priority is shown. The alarm continues to be shown
in the indicator until it is either:
• acknowledged;
• automatically cleared; or
• replaced with an alarm of higher priority.

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 Alarms

If the internal buzzer is enabled, the buzzer will only sound when
there are unacknowledged alarms. If, in addition, a Remote Alarm
output is available, this will be active only when the alarms selected
for use are unacknowledged.
• Acknowledged Alarms
If an alarm has been acknowledged, but the fault has not been
corrected, the message Alarms Present is displayed in non-
flashing red or orange in the alarm status indicator. The
acknowledged alarm remains listed (non-flashing) in the Alarms
Display area, unless the Hide Acknowledged box has been ticked,
see Alarm Display
• No Alarms
If there are no alarms the caption No Alarms is displayed in the
Alarm Status Indicator and the system background color is shown.
Alarm Buzzer Mute
An alarm buzzer is physically located in the LCD monitor. The
buzzer can be temporarily muted by clicking on the icon to the right
of the Alarm Status Indicator. When the buzzer is muted a red
diagonal line appears through the icon. Once the commissioned time
period for the mute has elapsed, the system automatically re-enables the
buzzer. If the mute has been commissioned as `permanent' then the
system will not re-enable the buzzer. When the buzzer is re-enabled the
red line is removed from the icon.

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Alarm Display
To view a list of all the current Alarm and
Warning announcements, including
alarms acknowledged on the status
indicator, click on the Alarms field in the
menu list, or right click on the Alarm
Status Indicator.
The Alarm Display window shows the
current alarm state and status and
provides a means of acknowledging
alarms.
Within the Alarms window,
announcements are divided into Alarms
and Warnings. Alarms are messages
that require immediate attention or user
action, whereas Warnings indicate less
critical conditions.
To acknowledge Alarms and Warnings click on the selected announcement
in the list. The announcement will change indication as follows:
• An unacknowledged alarm or warning whose condition is active will
appear with a flashing red (alarm) or orange (warning) background.
• An acknowledged alarm or warning whose condition is still active
will appear with a steady red (alarm) or orange (warning)
background.
• An unacknowledged alarm or warning whose condition is no longer
active will appear with a flashing grey background.

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 Alarms

Viewing Announcement Details

To view more information on a particular
Alarm or Warning right click on the
announcement. Details of the
announcement, including activation date,
time and description are shown below the
list.
To hide acknowledged announcements
click the Hide Acknowledged tick box.
Acknowledged Alarms and Warnings are
hidden from the display, although if the
alarm condition is still present the
message Alarms Present is shown in red
in the alarms message field. To show all
acknowledged Alarms and Warnings, uncheck the Hide Acknowledged
tick box.

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Prompts
Prompts appear in the field directly underneath the Alarms and Warnings
field and can be either temporary or permanent.
Permanent prompts
Permanent prompts denote a state or mode of operation, provide
instruction to the operator, or may display settings.

Permanent prompts are displayed on a normal system color background; if

more that one permanent prompt is active the prompts are shown in
rotation until the condition creating the prompt no longer exists.
Temporary Prompts
Temporary prompts are general system responses to a user interaction and
are displayed briefly for a commissioned time period, usually around 5
seconds. When a temporary prompt is active a pale colored background
field appears below the permanent prompt field with the prompt message.

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List of Alarms and Warnings

The Alarms and Warnings which are raised by the system, and appear in
the Alarm Status Indicator and in the Alarms window, are given in
alphabetical order in the table below. The table lists Alarms and Warnings
separately and gives the following order of priority for each announcement:
• 0 = Emergency
• 1 = Distress
• 2 = Primary
• 3 = Secondary

Alarms Description Priority

The AFC mode of the

AFC Mode Error 2
transceiver is in conflict
AIS interface error No AIS messages received. 3
Approaching Route End Approaching the end of the
3
(audible & textual) route.
Approaching Waypoint Approaching a waypoint on the
3
(audible & textual) external route.
Approaching Wheelover Approaching planned wheelover
3
(audible & textual) point
Could not read security block.
Authorization Failure System will revert to a degraded 2
state in 3 days and 17 hours.
Target has entered an
AZ Entry 3
Acquisition Zone.
AZ Full Acquisition Zone Full. 3
The number of azimuths per
Azimuth Error revolution has varied from its 2
nominal value of 4096.
Tracker - blank sectors failed to
Blank sectors invalid 2
configure.

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Bow Crossing limit Bow Crossing limit exceeded 0

COG Course Over Ground data from
2
Unusable/Degraded GPS is unavailable.
Communications from the
Comms Trigger Error 2
selected transceiver has failed.
Closest point of approach (to
CPA limit 0
own ship) limit exceeded.
Distribution Service Distribution service is not
0
Error running
DTM Datum Offset data from GPS is
2
Unusable/Degraded unavailable
A heading marker has not been
Heading Marker Error 2
received for at least 10 seconds.
HDG True Heading data from Gyro
2
Unusable/Degraded over PCIO Board is unavailable.
The interswitch communications
Interswitch Comms 2
has failed.
Interswitch Model The interswitch model conflicts
2
Conflict with the configured model.
Invalid Datum In Use Datum in use is not WGS84 3
Lost connection to Distribution
Lost Connection 0
Service
The Echo Reference Target is
Lost Echo Reference 2
lost
Lost Target The target is lost. 3
The video level has dropped
Low Video Level 2
below the minimum threshold.
Time to trial manoeuvre is less
Manoeuvre Time 3
than 30seconds.

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 Alarms

Off-track distance exceeds the

Off track 2
route's limit.
No operator activity has
Operator Inactive 1
occurred in {0} minutes.
Correct response to operator
Operator Failed
vigilance question was not given 1
Vigilance
in {0} seconds.
PCIO Reset The PCIO has rebooted 2
The PCIO SC2 communications
PCIO SC2 Comms 2
has failed.
The PCIO USB communications
PCIO USB Comms 2
has failed.
POSN Position data from GPS is
2
Unusable/Degraded unavailable.
The pulse length state of the
Pulse Length Error 2
transceiver is in conflict.
Radar Video cannot be
Radar Video 2
displayed.
Rate of Turn data from ROT
ROT
computed from selected HDG is 2
Unusable/Degraded
degraded or unusable: manual.
Route monitoring stopped
Route Monitoring
because the ship is no longer 2
Stopped
sailing on the route plan.
The SC2 PCIO communications
SC2 PCIO Comms 2
has failed
SET/DRIFT Set and drift data from GPS is
2
Unusable/Degraded unavailable.
SOG Speed Over Ground data from
2
Unusable/Degraded GPS is unavailable.

Standby / Transmit The standby transmit state of 2

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Error the transceiver is in conflict.

STW Speed through water data from
2
Unusable/Degraded GPS is unavailable.
TOD Time data from GPS is
2
Unusable/Degraded unavailable.
Tracking Unavailable SC2 Tracking data not present 2
Tracking maximum number of
Tracks Full 3
targets.
Targets Full Target manager is full. 3
There is an error reported by the
Transceiver BITE 2
transceiver BITE.
The communications from the
Transceiver Comms 2
selected transceiver have failed.
The trigger has dropped below
Trigger Error 2
the minimum threshold.
Turning Unit selection Tracker - turning unit selection
2
failed failed
Radar Video cannot be
Video Failed 2
displayed
The distance by which the ship's
XTE exceeds current
position deviates exceeds the 0
limit.
current route plan limit.
The distance by which the ship's
XTE exceeds current position deviates exceeds the
0
track limit current limit from the route plan
track.

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 Alarms

Warnings
Approaching Route End Approaching the end of the
3
(textual only) route.
Approaching Waypoint Approaching a waypoint on the
3
(textual only) external route.
Approaching Wheelover Approaching planned wheelover
3
(textual only) point
Chart subscription service will
expire in less than 60 days.
Contact your chart agent or
Chart permissions distributor for a subscription 3
renewal on your World
database. See Chart
Permissions.
Calibrated colors not found.
Default uncalibrated colors in
use for drawing chart and/or
Colors not approved synthetic data. The colors 2
specified are not approved for
navigation and are potentially
unsafe.
Unable to log to DataLog
Data Log Disabled 3
database
External route data from the
External Route
selected source is degraded or 3
Degraded/Unusable
unusable.
Time to trial manoeuvre is less
Manoeuvre Time 3
than 30seconds.
The LCD monitor failed to
Monitor Comm Error: acknowledge a command. Use
3
Bad Data the external knob to manually
adjust backlight brightness.

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The system is unable to

communicate with the LCD
Monitor Comm Error:
through its serial port. Use the 3
No Response
external knob to manually adjust
backlight brightness.
An internal change has forced a
Motion Mode 3
motion mode change.
No operator activity has
Operator Inactive 2
occurred in {0} minutes.
The ship has skipped one or
Route Leg Skipped 2
more legs of the route plan.
The interswitch and
Slave Only Display
configuration file slave only 2
Conflict
displays are incompatible
The interswitch and
Slave Only Tx Conflict configuration file slave only 2
transceivers are incompatible
Temporary
3
Authorization
If the ship continues on its
TM Reset current course, a true motion 3
reset will occur.

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Chapter 8 Routes
This section describes the editing, monitoring, display and storage of route
plans. The following topics are covered.
• A description of Route Plans
• Monitoring a validated route plan, see Monitoring Routes
• Editing a route plan, see Editing Routes and Editing Waypoints
• Creating and editing route plans on the video circle, see Creating
and Editing Route Plans
To view abbreviated data on the currently monitored route plan left click on
the Routes tab in the lower right of the screen, see Monitoring Routes.
To access select Routes from the Main Menu list. The Routes facility
includes the following sub menu options:
• Monitor Route
• Edit Route
• Temp Route
• File Import / Export
• Route Display Settings

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Route Plans
A route plan consists of a number of defined
waypoints and adjoining lines (legs).
Waypoints are marked by small circles; legs
are displayed as straight lines between two
waypoints. Turns are automatically generated
to indicate the planned path of the ship.
Wheelover marks are noted by short yellow
lines intersecting the track parallel to the next
track.
There are three types of route plan:
• Internal Route Plan - these are created directly onto the video
circle, and can be exported to other nodes.
• External Route Plans - these are route plans created by an
external source which can be imported and saved to the hard drive
of the local workstation.
• Temporary Route Plan - a temporary route originates from own
ship’s CCRP and can be displayed on the video circle in addition to
a non-temporary route plan.
When a route plan has been imported or created all the details of the plan
can be viewed and edited from the Edit Route folder. The saved plan can
be monitored from the Monitor Route folder.
External Route Plans
The VisionMaster system accepts route plans from at least five external
sources, providing they are saved in an acceptable format. External Route
Plans (ERPs) are route plans that were created and stored on an external
device to VisionMaster (e.g. GPS system).

ERP Validation
The ERP is considered invalid if any of the following conditions apply:
• The latitude of any waypoint is within one degree of a pole.
• There are fewer than two waypoints in the route.
• There are more than 100 waypoints in the route.
All ERPs are subjected to route validation. If a ERP is considered invalid it
is not displayed and a warning is raised notifying the operator of an attempt
to import an invalid ERP.

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Default Attributes
If the waypoint or leg attributes of an imported ERP are not specified, then
system default values are used.
All imported and non-imported attributes of ERPs are read-only, with the
exception of leg type and off-track alarm limit.

Route Monitoring
Only one ERP can be monitored at a time. During route monitoring of an
ERP, the following attributes are displayed:
• the ship’s cross-track distance from the route and whether the ship
is to the right or left of the track.
• the estimated amount of time and distance before reaching the TO­
wheelover based on the current ground speed of the ship. If a TO­
wheelover does not exist, then the system displays the estimated
amount of time before reaching the TO-waypoint.
• the name of the TO-waypoint while route monitoring.
• the estimated amount of time and distance before reaching the
final waypoint.
The following functions are not provided for ERPs:
• track control
• return to plans
• alarm facilities
• saving plan
Temporary Route Plans
A temporary route plan (TRP) can be created and displayed in addition to a
currently displayed non-temporary route plan. The TRP is edited and
monitored independently of the non-temporary plan via the Temp Route
folder, see Temporary Route Plan.

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Creating a Route Plan

Route Plans can be created on screen by selecting waypoint positions on
the video circle.
To create waypoints select the Edit Route
sub menu from the Routes main menu.
Inserting Waypoints
There are two options initially available when
inserting waypoints:
• Append Waypoint; or
• Prepend Waypoint.
If the waypoint to be inserted is the first in
the route then either append or prepend
waypoint option can be selected.

By default the route plan is shown

on the screen unannotated. You can
select to annotate route plans on
screen (with waypoint and
wheelover numbers, planned leg
speed and bearing data) by selecting the display options from
Route Display Settings.

To insert a waypoint do the following:

1. With the Edit Route folder displayed
right click in the video circle at the point
where the waypoint is to be placed. A
semi transparent window appears at the
point where the selection was made.
2. Click on either the Append Waypoint or
Prepend Waypoint field from the
window.

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Append Waypoint
Append Waypoint is selected where the insertion of a new waypoint is to
be made after the last waypoint. e.g. if the last waypoint on the route was
W5 then the appended waypoint will be W6.
To append a waypoint to a route, do the following:
1. Select Append Waypoint from the semi transparent window. The
screen shows a colored circle at the cursor point when the
waypoint selection was made. To view the waypoint LAT/LON
position select the waypoint and click on the Edit Routes Waypoints
tab, see Editing a Route Plan.
2. To append an additional waypoint, position the cursor at the
required point and select Append Waypoint again. An additional
waypoint is created.
When two or more waypoints are created a straight route leg is drawn
between each waypoint.
When three or more waypoints are created the system calculates the turn
radius between the first and last waypoint and shows the graphical
representation on screen.

Prepend Waypoint
Prepend Waypoint is selected where the insertion of a new waypoint is to
be numbered before the first waypoint in the route e.g. the new prepended
waypoint becomes W1 and all other waypoint references are moved up one
digit accordingly.
To predend a waypoint to a route, do the following:
1. Select Prepend Waypoint from the window. The screen shows a
coloured circle at the cursor point when the waypoint selection was
made. To view the waypoint details click on the Edit Routes
Waypoints tab, see Editing a Route Plan
2. To prepend the first waypoint, position the cursor at the required
point and select Prepend Waypoint again. The second waypoint
becomes W1 and the first waypoint changes to W2.
When two or more waypoints are created a straight route leg is drawn
between each waypoint.
When three or more waypoints are created the system calculates the turn
radius between the first and last waypoint and shows the graphical
representation on screen

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Inserting a Waypoint
A new waypoint can be inserted at a selected point along the straight
segments of a route leg. A wheelover is automatically created with the
waypoint.
To insert a new waypoint, do the following:
1. Right click on the route leg where you
want to insert a waypoint and select
Insert New Waypoint from the semi­
transparent window. A new waypoint is
created at the selected route leg
position, together with a wheelover
point.

The wheelover point is a short yellow

line bisecting the point where the route
turns. The wheelover line moves in
accordance with any changes made to the route plan.

2. The new waypoint and its wheelover is auto numbered dependant

on its position on the route, i.e. if the waypoint is created on the leg
between waypoints W3 and W4 then the new waypoint becomes
W4 and all subsequent waypoints on the route are re-numbered
accordingly.
Changing a Waypoint's position
A waypoint's position can be changed directly on the video circle, or its
position and attributes can be changed from the Waypoints folder, see
Editing a Route Plan.
To change a waypoint's position on screen, do the following:
1. Move the cursor over the waypoint to be edited. The cross hair
cursor changes to a four arrow indicator.
2. Left click on a waypoint to select. When a waypoint is selected the
waypoint circle, adjoining legs and turn radiuses change to an
editable color.
3. Hold down the left key and use the trackball to move the waypoint
around the video circle, the route plan is redrawn and the route's
attributes change as the waypoint is moved. Release the left key
when the waypoint is at the required area. To specify an exact
LAT/LON position for the waypoint refer to Editing a Route Plan.

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Delete a Waypoint
When a waypoint is deleted from a route plan all route data and waypoint
references are adjusted accordingly.
To delete a waypoint from a route, do the following:
1. Right click on the waypoint to be
deleted, this can be any waypoint in
the route plan, and select Delete
Waypoint from the semi-transparent
window.
2. The waypoint is deleted from the route
and the route plan and waypoint
references are automatically adjust
accordingly.
Changing a Route Turn Radius
The turn radius of route plans, automatically
generated when waypoints are created, can be manually changed on the
video circle.
To change a turn radius do the following:
1. Click on the small dot at the center of the
radius.
2. With the dot highlighted hold down the left key
and use the trackball to drag the radius dot to
the required position. The route and wheelover
marks are redrawn as the turn radius is
changed.
3. The route plan data shown in the Waypoints folder also changes to
reflect the revised co-ordinates, see Editing a Route Plan.

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Route Display Settings

The Route Display Settings folder enables
you to select the display information of a
route as it appears on the screen.
The following display settings are available:
• Leg bearings - displays bearing data
of each route leg in degrees
• Planned speeds - displays own
ship's planned speed between each
waypoint.
• Waypoint labels - displays a
numerical label for each waypoint
(W1 etc.)
•Wheel-over labels - displays a numerical label for each wheel-over
(WO(2) etc.)
When all display options are ticked the route plan is displayed as shown
below.

The Wheel-over type section of the folder determines how the wheel-over
lines are drawn and includes the following radio buttons:
• Parallel to next leg - the wheel-over line is drawn parallel to the
next leg in the route.
• Perpendicular to leg - the wheel-over line is drawn at right angles to
the route leg.
When the wheel-over type is changed both display options are drawn until
the route data is edited.

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Editing a Route Plan

When a route plan has been created the
plan's attributes can be edited, and the route
plan saved and validated from the Waypoints
folder in the Edit Route sub-menu.

Adding, deleting or modifying a route

plan causes the route to be redrawn
on the video circle.

The Waypoints folder displays all the

waypoint and leg attributes for the route plan
being edited. The folder is divided into the
following areas:
• Route
• Waypoint
• Approaching Leg
• Turn
• Departing Leg
Route
The Route area enables the currently
monitored route plan to be saved and
validated. When a route plan has been saved
its name is displayed above the
Save/Validate buttons.
To save and validate a Route Plan do the
following:
To save the route plan:
1. Click on the Save button. A window
appears prompting to enter a name
for the route plan.
2. Enter a name using the screen keypad and click on the keypad OK
button.
3. The Waypoints window re-appears with the route name entered in
the Route name field.

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To validate the route plan:

1. Click on the Validate button. A validation messages window
appears.
2. If the route plan has been successfully validated by the system the
message {no validation messages} appears. Click the OK button
to return to the Waypoint window.
3. If the system cannot validate the
route plan the messages window
displays the reason(s) for validation
failure.
Waypoint
The Waypoint area enables you to quickly
navigate between waypoints and includes
the following editing functions:
• create a new waypoint
• delete an existing waypoint
• enter a waypoint label
• change the LAT/LON position of a waypoint
To edit the Waypoint data do the following:
The Waypoint area shows the currently selected waypoint on the video
circle. To navigate to the previous waypoint in the route plan click the <
button, to navigate to the next waypoint in the route plan click the > button.
To navigate to the first waypoint in the route plan click the << button, or to
navigate to the last waypoint in the route plan click the >> button.
To enter a label for the waypoint:
1. Left click in the blank field to the right of the currently selected
waypoint, the screen keypad appears.
2. Enter an identifying label using the keypad and click OK. The name
appears in the label field, and if the Waypoint Label tick box is
enabled in the Route Display Settings, also on the route plan.
To create a new waypoint:
1. Navigate to the position where you want the new waypoint created
by selecting the previous waypoint and clicking the New button.
The system creates a new waypoint on the route leg between the
selected waypoint and next waypoint i.e. if W1 is selected then the

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new waypoint becomes W2 and all subsequent waypoints are

automatically re-numbered.
2. Move the waypoint to the correct position, either directly on the
video circle, or by specifying its LAT/LON position, see below.
To delete a waypoint:
1. Navigate to the waypoint to be deleted using the navigation buttons
and click the Delete button. The system deletes the selected
waypoint from the route plan, the route is re-drawn and all
subsequent waypoints are automatically re-numbered.
To specify a waypoint LAT/LON position:
1. Navigate to the waypoint using the
navigation buttons. Click in the
LAT/LON data fields, the text
becomes editable (green)and the
numerical keypad appears.
2. Enter the required LAT/LON position
from the keypad and click on the
keypad OK key.
3. Click the Goto button, the waypoint is
re-positioned on the video circle to
the values entered in the LAT/LON
fields.

Approaching Leg
The Approaching Leg area enables you to edit the following attributes of
the last leg of the route plan:
• Rhumb Line or Great Circle
• Leg Speed - estimate time for leg traversal, the maximum speed is
99 Kt.
• Off Track Limit - as in turn attributes
The following leg attributes are read only:
• Leg distance - the leg distance between each waypoint in nautical
miles.
• Leg Angle - the degree angle of the leg.
These read only values automatically change if the route data is changed.

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To edit the Approaching Leg data do the following:

1. To change the leg speed or off track limit click in the relevant field
the text changes to green (editable). Move the trackball left or right
to change the values.
2. To change the departing or approaching leg from Rhumb Line to
Great Circle click on the drop down arrow to the right of the field.
Turn
The Turn area enables you to edit the following turn attributes:
• Turn Rate (in nautical miles) the maximum turn rate is 10 NM.
• Turn Radius (in degrees per minute)
• Speed - speed of turn in kilometers, the maximum speed is 99 Kt
• Off Track Limit - the distance (in meters) that own ship can stray
from the route. If the Off Track Limit is surpassed an Alarm is
raised.
To edit the Turn data do the following:
1. To change the turn rate, turn radius or speed of turn click in the
relevant field, the text changes to green (editable). Move the
trackball left or right to change the values.
Departing Leg
The Departing Leg area enables you to edit the following attributes of the
first leg of the route plan:
• Rhumb Line or Great Circle
• Leg Speed - estimate time for leg traversal, the maximum speed is
99 Kt
• Off Track Limit - as in turn attributes
The following leg attributes are read only:
• Leg distance - the leg distance between each waypoint in nautical
miles.
• Leg Angle - the degree angle of the leg.
These read only values automatically change if the route data is changed.

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To edit the Departing Leg data do the following:

1. To change the leg speed or off track limit click in the relevant field
the text changes to green (editable). Move the trackball left or right
to change the values.
2. To change the departing or approaching leg from Rhumb Line to
Great Circle click on the drop down arrow to the right of the field.

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Managing Route Plans

Route plans are managed from the Route
folder of the Edit Route sub menu. The folder
is divided into the following areas:
• Route
• Total Distance and Duration
• Description and Notes
Route
From the Route area of the folder you can do
the following route plan management
functions:
• Save - save a created route plan, or
save changes to the route under the
same name, the previous version of
the route is overwritten and the
revised date appears in the Load
Route list.
• Validate - check the validity of any
changes made to a route plan.
• Save As - used when either creating
a new route, or to rename an existing
route. The route name and current
date are added to the Load Route
list.
• Open - load a previously saved route
plan for editing.
• Clear/New - clear an existing route from the screen or save
changes to the route plan.
• Delete - delete a route plan from the list of previously saved plans.

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To manage a route plan do the following:

To save a route plan:
1. To save a new route plan click on the Save button, or if the
changes made to an existing route plan are to be saved under a
new name, click on the Save As button. A window appears
prompting to enter a name for the route plan.
2. Enter a name using the screen keypad and click on the keypad OK
button.
3. The route name is entered, the current time/date are listed in the
Load Route window and a temporary prompt appears confirming
that the route plan has been saved.
To validate a route plan:
1. To check that the changes made to the route plan are valid click on
the Validate button. A Validation Messages window is displayed.
Any faults on the validation of the route plan appear in the
messages field, if no messages appear the route plan is correctly
validated.
To open a previously saved route plan:
1. Click on the Open button. The Load
Route window appears prompting to
select a route to open and displaying a
list of existing route plans on the
workstation with the last modified date
of each route. Below the list the
Description field contains a
description (if any) of the selected
route.
2. Select the route to be opened from the
list, scroll down the list if necessary,
and with the route selected click on the
OK button. The route data appears in
the Route folder and a graphic
representation of the route appears on
the video circle.

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To clear a route plan from the video circle:

1. With the selected route displayed click on the Clear/New button.
2. If unsaved changes have been made to the route plan a Close
Confirmation window appears prompting to Save, Don't Save or
Cancel the closure.
3. Select the required option, the route plan is cleared from the video
circle.
To delete a route plan from the route plan list:
1. Click on the Delete button. The Delete
Route window appears prompting to
select a route to delete and displaying
a list of existing route plans on the
workstation with the last modified date
of each route. Below the list the
Description field contains a
description (if any) of the selected
route.
2. Select the route to be deleted from the
list, scroll down the list if necessary,
and with the route selected click on the
OK button. The screen prompts to
confirm deletion of the selected route
plan.
3. Click the Yes button to confirm
deletion. The file is removed from the
list and the Routes folder re-appears.
Total Distance and Duration
The Total Distance and Duration area of the
folder calculates the total route plan distance in
nautical miles, the total route time in hours and
minutes and the average speed made by own ship over the route.
The route plan distance, time and average speed are read only values
which are recalculated as the route plan is changed. For example, if an
estimated speed time for leg traversal is increased the total route time will
decrease and the average speed will increase accordingly.
The ETD will show the current date and time and the ETD will show the
total route time value added to the current date and time.

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To change the ETD/ETA data do the following:

1. Click inside the ETD or ETA field on
the specific data to be changed.
The field data changes to green
(editable) and the specific data is
highlighted. An editing window
appears directly below the selected
field.
2. To move the date or time back click
on the Down arrow, to move the
date or time forward click on the Up arrow. To move the highlight
back or forward (e.g. from Month to Year) click on the side arrows.
3. With the ETD/ETA data changed click on the OK button.
Description and Notes
To add a description of the route plan or create notes do the following:
1. Move the cursor inside the respective field and left click. A screen
keypad appears from where you can enter text.
2. With the required text entered click on the keypad OK button. The
text is saved in the Description or Notes field.

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Monitoring Routes

The Monitor Route folder displays details of

the currently monitored route plan. In order for
the route plan to be monitored it must first be
saved and validated.
A summary of the monitored route plan is also
shown on the Route tab at the bottom right of
the screen.

The data shown in the Monitor Route folder is

calculated internally from the monitored route
and is read only.
To monitor against a route, the ship's COG
must be within 90 degrees toward the
planned track and within 45 degrees away
from the planned track, this is referred to as
the `bearing criteria'. If the ship’s COG
deviates more than the bearing criteria, then
route monitoring will stop.
When a route plan is loaded for monitoring,
monitoring automatically starts on the leg
closest to the ship that is within the bearing
criteria. If none of the route plans legs meet
the criteria, then route monitoring will
automatically start when the ship comes
within the monitoring criteria of a route leg.

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During route monitoring, the ship’s cross-track distance from the route is
displayed and whether the ship is to the right or left of the track.
Where monitoring values are not currently valid the field displays a series
of dashes.
The information displayed is as follows:
Route Summary
• Name The name of the route plan currently monitored
Distance and Duration

• Distance The total distance covered by this route in nautical

miles

• Duration The total duration of the route at planned speed in

hours and minutes

• Average The average speed of the vessel over the route plan
Speed in kilometers
Ship State
• Ship The state of ship on route e.g. 'Sailing To W2 (2/5)'
State denotes next waypoint on route and total number of
waypoints.

• XTE Cross Track Error is the distance off track in miles.

L = ship is left of track, R = ship is right of track.

• XTE An alarm is raised if the XTE exceeds the value

Alarm shown in miles.

Overall Status

• DTG Overall distance to go along the track to route end

• TTG Overall time to go in hours, minutes and seconds

along the track to route end. Based on present ship's
speed for this leg and planned speeds for subsequent
legs.

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• Present Present speed of own ship

Speed

• ETA Overall ETA at end of route plan given in date and

time. Based on present ship's speed for this leg and
planned speeds for subsequent legs.

Leg
• Leg The bearing of the currently monitored route leg.
Bearing
• Leg DTG Distance to go along the leg to wheelover.

• Leg TTG Time to go along the leg to wheelover based on

present ship speed.
• Next Leg Bearing angle of next leg of route plan.

• ETA Estimated Time of Arrival at wheelover

Turn
• Turn DTG Distance to go along the leg
to wheelover in nautical
miles.
• Turn TTG Time to go along the leg to
wheelover based on present
ship speed.
• Radius Turn radius in nautical miles

• Plan ROT Planned rate of turn in

degrees per minute.
• Plan Planned turn speed
Speed
• Req ROT Required rate of turn based
on present ship speed

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To monitor a route plan do the following

1. Click on the Load Plan button in
the Route Summary area. The
Load Route window appears with
a list of all the previously saved
route plans, their name and last
modification date.
2. Highlight the route plan to be monitored from the list and click on
the OK button. The route plan appears on the video circle and if
the route plan meets the monitoring criteria, the route data is
displayed in the Monitor Route folder.
To clear a route plan:
1. With the route plan details shown in Monitor Route click on the
Clear Plan button. The route plan and its data are removed from
the video circle and Monitor Route folder.

Setting the Off Track Alarm Limit

The Alerts tab enables the selection of the
off track alarm limit. Where the off-track
alarm limit is defined, and the ship sails
further off-track than this limit, then an alarm
or warning is raised.
To enable the off track alarm do the
following:
1. Click on the drop down arrow of the
alarm limit parameters and select
from the following options:
• Do Not Notify
• Raise Approach Warning
• Raise Approach Alarm

Where Do Not Notify is selected no

alarm or warning is raised when own ship sails beyond the off track
limit.

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2. To change the leg TTG greater than value click in the field, the text
becomes editable (green).
3. Move the trackball left or right to decrease or increase the value
(the maximum time value is 5 minutes). Left click again to fix the
value.

Editing a currently monitored Route Plan

When a route is being monitored the route plan is rendered in the non-
editable monitor color (red). A currently monitored route plan can only be
changed from the Edit Route folder, saved and then reloaded from the
Monitor Route folder.
To change a currently monitored route plan do the following:
1. To change a currently monitored route plan select Edit Route, and
open the currently monitored route from the Load Route window.
2. When you open the same route from Edit Route as the route
currently being monitored the system creates a duplicate route plan
with the edit route mode superimposed over the monitored route.
3. Make the required edits to the
route plan, for details refer to
Editing a Route Plan. As the
route is changed the screen
shows the monitored route plan
in the same position.
4. Save the changes made to the
route plan. The system displays a warning stating that the plan
being saved is the currently loaded plan for monitoring and that
changes will not affect the monitored plan, click the OK button.
5. Click the Clear / New button to remove the plan from the Edit
Route folder.
6. Navigate back to the Monitor Route folder and reload the revised
plan, the monitored plan on screen is replaced with the new
version.

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Temporary Route Plans

In addition to displaying internal or external route plans the system also
enables a temporary route plan (TRP) to be created, displayed and
monitored.
All TRPs originate from own ship's CCRP. A TRP can join and transition to
a previously created non-temporary route plan.
Creating and Editing a Temporary Route Plan
To create and edit a TRP do the following:
1. Select Temp Route from the Route
menu and click on the Create/Edit
button. The Temp Route folder
displays off track limit and waypoint
DTG default values, the speed value
is taken from own ships current
SOG.
2. To change any default values click in
the relevant field and move the
trackball left or right to increase or
decrease the values.
3. Move the cursor into the video circle,
in Temp Route mode the letters TMP
WYPT are shown just beneath the
cross hair.
4. Select the first temp route waypoint
by clicking on a position in the video
circle. The first leg of the route is
created, originating from the CCRP
of own ship to the first waypoint
position. The creation and editing of
a temporary route plan is the same procedure as described in
Creating a Route Plan.

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5. When a valid temp route has been created the folder displays
Selected Turn and First Turn values based on the created plan. All
values are editable, except Wheelover DTG which counts down as
own ship sails over route. When own ship has passed the
wheelover DTG the field changes to displaying Past on a red
background.
6. To clear a temp route from the video circle and Temp Route folder
click on the Clear button.
Monitoring a Temporary Route Plan
The TRP must pass route validation before it can be monitored. If a TRP is
invalid a temporary prompt appears, validation errors must be repaired in
Create/Edit mode before monitoring.
To monitor a TRP do the following:
1. With a TRP created and validated click on the Start button in the
Monitoring Controls. Monitoring begins on the TRP and the first leg
of the plan is fixed to stop it from being adjusted by the ship’s
CCRP. The Monitor Route folder displays the same monitoring
values for a TRP as shown for non-temporary routes, see
Monitoring Routes.
2. To clear the TRP click on the Clear Plan button. The route plan
and its data are removed from the video circle and Monitor Route
folder.

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Chapter 9 EBLs, ERBLs and VRMs
Two EBLs (Electronic Bearing Lines) and two VRMs (Variable Range
Markers) are available in both Standby and Transmit modes. All EBLs and
VRMs can be displayed simultaneously or separately in the video circle.

EBLs display distance and true bearing between objects and are shown as
a line drawn on the video circle with its origin initially from the CCRP.
VRMs are displayed as range rings, initially centered on CCRP.
If an EBL is turned On while its associated VRM is turned Off, then the EBL
is displayed as an ERBL (Electronic Range and Bearing Line).
VRM 1 is always associated with EBL 1 and VRM 2 with EBL 2. Both
VRMs and EBLs default to off.
In Standby mode, ranges and bearing are measured relative to the center
of the video circle rather than own ship position.
When an EBL and VRM is switched on the
EBL bearing value (degrees) and VRM range
value (nautical miles) associated with the EBL
are displayed to the right of the buttons.

Each EBL and its associated VRM

are identified by having the same mark/space ratio for the line and
ring.

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Off-Centering, Carrying and Dropping an EBL, ERBL

and VRM
The default position for EBL1/VRM1 and EBL2/VRM2 is centered on the
CCRP. When centered an EBL and VRM can be Offset, Dropped or Half
Dropped. After being offset the EBL/VRM is carried at a constant true
bearing and range from the CCRP. When dropped both the VRM and EBL
remain at a fixed position on the ground, or on the water depending on
whether the speed in use is SOG or STW.
The options available for both EBLs and VRMs are:
• Offset - moves the line or marker to a location anywhere on the
video circle, when the offset position is fixed the line or marker are
in Carry mode.
• Drop - drops the line or marker in a fixed location, as own ship's
course and speed progresses they remain stationary at a fixed
point on the video circle. The Carry option becomes available after
Drop has been selected.
• Carry - after being located at a specific point in Offset mode the
line or marker moves through a path and speed relative to own
ship. If Carry is selected after Drop then the line and marker begin
to move in conjunction with own ship.
• Half Drop - the line or marker move relative to own ship as in Carry
but the displayed range and bearing values update at least once
every two seconds. From Half Drop you can select Carry to move
the line or marker relative to own ship or Drop to fix in position.

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Electronic Bearing Line (EBL)

An EBL is a dotted line initially originating from the CCRP of own ship
which can be offset and dropped to a defined position. The system includes
two EBLs, both of which can be turned on or off independently. Any
settings are remembered when they are switched off.
When an EBL is switched On the caption button is highlighted, the lettering
is shown as bold and its current bearing is displayed in the value field.
When an EBL is switched Off the lettering and button returns to normal and
Off is displayed in the bearing value field.
To turn on an EBL do the following:
1. Left click on the EBL caption button.
The EBL button is highlighted, the
lettering appears bold and the last
bearing value entered is displayed.
On the video circle the EBL is
displayed as a dashed line at a
bearing angle dictated by the EBL readout.

When an EBL is switched on the value of its associated VRM is

also shown, although the VRM is switched off. The point where the
VRM intersects the EBL is shown on the video circle as a cross
hair on the line, the EBL is then referred to as an ERBL, see
Electronic Range and Bearing Line (ERBL).

2. To turn the EBL off left click on the EBL button. The EBL lettering
and button return to normal, its bearing value and the VRM range
value are replaced by the Off caption and the EBL is removed from
the video circle.
Changing the ERL Bearing
There are two ways of changing the bearing of an EBL. You can either
enter the values in the EBL field or manually drag the line to the selected
position using the trackball.
Depending on the Presentation Mode selected (see Presentation Modes)
the letter T is displayed to indicate true bearing, or the letter R for relative
bearing.

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To change the bearing of an EBL do the following:

To manually change the EBL bearing angle:
1. Position the screen cursor over the EBL, the cursor changes to the

following graphic
2. Click on any point of the EBL and hold the left button down.
3. Move the trackball left or right to change the EBL's bearing angle.
The angle readout automatically changes in the EBL field.
4. With the bearing angle correctly set release the left button to
accept.
To change the EBL bearing from the readout:
1. Left click in the readout field. The readout text becomes editable
(green).
2. Move the trackball left or right until the required readout is
displayed.
3. Left click to accept new readout and exit edit mode.
Changing the EBL Position
To offset the origination of an EBL do the following:
There are two methods of moving an EBL to an off-center position these
are:
1. With the EBL switched on right click
on the caption button. A floating
window appears with the options:
Offset, Drop (D) and Half Drop (H).
For a description of these options see
EBLs, ERBLs and VRMs.
Or:
2. Right click on the origin of the EBL on
the video circle (i.e. the CCRP). A semi
transparent window appears on the
screen with the options Offset EBL /
VRM and Drop EBL / VRM.
Where Offset or Offset EBL / VRM is selected:
1. The cursor changes to a hand icon and
the EBL and its associated VRM caption
displays the suffix (C).

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2. When Offset is selected the EBL is immediately positioned

wherever the cursor is on the video circle. Using the trackball move
the EBL to the required offset location, when the EBL is offset the
origin of the EBL is indicated by a white dot.
3. Left click to fix position, the EBL is now in Carry mode, or right click
to cancel and return EBL to the CCRP.
Where Drop (D) or Drop EBL / VRM is selected:
1. A white dot is displayed at the start of the EBL (at the CCRP if the
EBL is centered) and the EBL and its associated VRM caption are
shown with the suffix (D). Unlike Offset the EBL does not move
when the cursor moves. When the video cursor is positioned over
the EBL it changes to a four arrow indicator.
2. Left click on the dot and with the left button held down use the
trackball to move the EBL to the required location. Release the left
button to fix the location.
To move the EBL back to the center either right
click on the EBL caption and select Center from
the drop down window, or right click on the EBL
dot and select Center EBL / VRM from the semi
transparent window.
Where HalfDrop (H) is selected from the EBL
readout:
1. The EBL and VRM captions are shown
with the suffix (H).
2. Position the cursor at the EBL / VRM
intersection, the cursor changes to a four arrow indicator.
3. Hold down the left button and move the trackball left or right. The
EBL bearing and VRM range are adjusted in conjunction.
4. To fix the EBL and VRM in position right click on the EBL caption
and select Carry (C), or to move the EBL/VRM back to the center
select Drop and then Center.

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Variable Range Marker (VRM)

Each VRM is a ring of long dashes, the first and second VRMs having
different mark/space ratio of line dashes. VRMs default position is centred
on the CCRP of own ship but can also be offset to a position anywhere
within the video circle. The default range values for the two VRMs are 2.5
NM and 4.5 NM.
Each VRM can be turned on or off independently. Any settings are
remembered when they are switched off.
When an VRM is switched On the caption button is highlighted, the lettering
is shown as bold and its current range is displayed in the value field. When
a VRM is switched Off the lettering and button returns to normal and Off is
displayed in the value field.
To turn on an VRM do the following:
1. Left click on the VRM caption button.
The VRM button is highlighted, the
lettering appears bold and the last
range value entered is displayed. On
the video circle the VRM is displayed
as a dashed line centred around the
CCRP. The size of the circle is dictated by the VRM NM readout.
2. To turn the VRM off again left click on the VRM caption button. The
VRM is removed from the video circle and the range value is
replaced by the Off caption.
Changing the VRM and EBL range
There are a number of ways of changing the VRM range. You can either
enter the values in the VRM field or manually change the VRM's diameter
on the video circle.
The VRM range can also be changed in conjunction with the EBL bearing.
To change the range of a VRM do the following:
To manually change the VRM range :
1. Position the screen cursor anywhere over the VRM circle line, the

screen curser changes to the following graphic .

2. Left click on any point of the circle line and hold the left key down.
3. Move the trackball left or right to change the size of the circle. The
NM readout automatically changes in the VRM field.

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4. When the range is correctly set left click to accept.

To change the VRM range from the readout:
1. Left click in the readout field. The readout text becomes editable
(green).
2. Move the trackball left or right until the required readout is
displayed.
3. Left click to accept new readout and exit edit mode.

Changing the size of the VRM does not change the EBL bearing,
as the VRM size is changed the EBL origin remains constant.

To change both the VRM range and its EBL bearing:

1. Move the cursor to the intersection position of the VRM and EBL,
the screen cursor changes to a four arrow indicator.
2. Hold down the left key and move the trackball left or right to
change the VRM range and EBL bearing. The bearing and range
readout values automatically change as the VRM / EBL is moved.
3. Release the left key to fix the VRM range and EBL bearing
location.
Changing the VRM and EBL position
To change the position of a VRM and its EBL do the following:
There are two methods of moving a VRM to an off-center position these
are:
1. With the VRM active (bold) right click
on thecaption button. A floating
window appears with the options:
Offset, Drop (D) and Half Drop (H).
For a description of these options see
EBLs, ERBLs and VRMs.
Or:
1. Right click on the origin of the EBL on
the video circle (i.e. the CCRP). A semi
transparent window appears on the
screen with the options Offset EBL /
VRM and Drop EBL / VRM.

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Where Offset or Offset EBL / VRM is selected:

1. The cursor changes to a hand icon and the VRM and its associated
EBL caption displays the suffix (C).
2. The VRM is immediately positioned wherever the cursor is on the
video circle. Using the trackball move the VRM to the required
offset location, when offset the center of the VRM is indicated by a
white dot.
3. Left click to fix position, the VRM is now in Carry mode, or to cancel
and return VRM to the CCRP right click.
Where Drop (D) or Drop EBL / VRM is selected:
1. A white dot is displayed at the start of the center of the VRM (at the
CCRP if the VRM is centered) and the VRM and its associated EBL
caption is shown with the suffix (D). Unlike Offset the VRM position
does not move when the cursor moves. When the cursor is moved
over the VRM center it changes to an arrow with a small rectangle
below it.
2. Left click on the center dot and with the left button held down use
the trackball to move the VRM to the required location. Release the
left button to fix the location.
To move the VRM back to the center either right
click on the VRM caption and select Center from
the drop down window, or right click on the
center dot and select Center EBL / VRM from
the semi transparent window.
Where HalfDrop (H) is selected from the VRM
readout:
1. The EBL and VRM captions are shown
with the suffix (H).
2. Position the cursor at the EBL / VRM
intersection, the cursor changes to a four arrow indicator.
3. Hold down the left button and move the trackball left or right. The
EBL bearing and VRM range are adjusted in conjunction.
4. To fix the EBL and VRM in position right click on the EBL caption
and select Carry (C), or to move the EBL/VRM back to the center
select Drop and then Center.

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Creating and Editing an ERBL

If an EBL is turned On while its associated VRM is turned Off, the point
where the VRM intersects the EBL is shown as a small cross hair
positioned on the bearing line to indicate the range (i.e. where the VRM
intersects the EBL), and the EBL is referred to as an ERBL.
1. To change range of the VRM associated with the EBL position the
curser over the cross hair, the screen cursor changes to a four
arrow indicator.
2. Hold down the left button and use the trackball to drag the cross
hair up or down the EBL. The VRM range readout automatically
changes as the cross hair is moved.

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Chapter 10 Targets
The Targets facility provides information and management of all targets,
including locally tracked targets and AIS targets.
To open the menu left click on the Targets
button in the main menu list. The Targets
sub-menu is displayed with the following
selection options:
• Selected Target, which includes
Target Data and AIS Info
• Multiple Targets
• Target Display
• Acquisition Zones
• Own Ship AIS
• Limits and Settings

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Target Acquisition
Manually Acquiring a Target
You can manually acquire individual local targets and AIS targets to be
tracked, providing the targets are within the tracking parameters defined in
Target Display.
To manually acquire a local target do the following
1. Left click on the target to be acquired in the video circle. A white
broken line square initially appears centered on the target’s
estimated position, with a target number automatically assigned.

If good plot data is not extracted (i.e. if acquisition is attempted

over an area containing no radar video) then the target is declared
lost and the Lost Target icon is displayed, see Target Monitoring.
2. When the target is acquired by the system the white broken line
square is replaced by a green dot and a motion trend vector
indicating the target’s estimated velocity originated from the target's
position. The length of the vector is determined by the target’s
velocity and the currently selected vector time, see Vector Modes.

If AIS is enabled then the target's motion trend vector is shown as

a dotted line, if AIS is not enabled then the vector is shown as a
solid line.
3. To view data on an acquired target left click on the target dot. A
solid green square appears around the dot and the target details
can be viewed on the Target Data tab folder of Selected Target sub
menu.

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To manually acquire an AIS target do the following

All AIS targets are displayed as triangles on the video circle, and can be
either Sleeping or Activated.
A sleeping target is never displayed with vectors. An activated target is
displayed with a speed/course vector and a heading line, if heading data is
available. The speed/course vector is a dashed line originating from the
centre of the triangle, the length of line being proportional to the vector
time. An activated AIS will also display an AIS reference and an
automatically assigned target number.
Sleeping targets become activated when they are manually acquired, or by
the target infringing the CPA/TCPA limits or bow crossing criteria shown on
the Target Data tab folder of Selected Target sub menu.

To select an AIS left click on the target . A dotted green square appears
around the triangle and the AIS details can be viewed on the Target Data
tab folder of Selected Target sub menu.

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Target Monitoring
All tracked targets are monitored for Lost Target, using the CCRP for
reference. Only established tracked targets are monitored for CPA/TCPA
and BCR/BCT infringements.
CPA/TCPA and BCR/BCT Infringement Conditions
The conditions for a target to generate an infringement are:
• Both CPA/TCPA and BCR/BCT values are positive (i.e. target has
not yet reached the closest point but will do so).
• Both CPA/TCPA and BCR/BCT values are less than or equal to the
limits entered.
If an infringement is detected an alarm is raised and an appropriate alarm
symbol displayed flashing at the target's position.
Once the alarm is acknowledged, any flashing alarm symbols stop flashing
but remain over the target(s) infringing the limits.
The alarm symbol, flashing or not flashing, is removed when:
• The target no longer infringes the defined limits, for definition of
limits see Limits.
• The target is cancelled or dropped.
The alarm is cleared automatically when there are no targets infringing the
defined limits.
The CPA/TCPA and BCR/BCT values for a tracked target are shown on the
Target Data tab folder of Selected Target sub menu.
Lost Target
If the system loses track of a target then a LOST TARGET alarm is raised
for that target and an appropriate flashing alarm symbol placed over the
target’s origin.
Any flashing LOST TARGET alarm symbols stop flashing when
acknowledged but the alarm symbol remains centered over the lost
target(s).
The alarm symbol is automatically cleared if:
• The target ceases to report itself as lost.
• The target is cancelled or dropped.
The LOST TARGET alarm automatically clears when there are no lost
targets.

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Target Monitoring Symbols

The system shows alarm monitoring symbols used for tracked targets. The
alarm symbols are coloured red and flash until acknowledged.

BCR/BCT limits, see Limits

CPA/TCPA infringement see Limits

Lost Target

Acquisition Zone infringement

Only one alarm symbol appears on a tracked target at any one time. The
order of precedence is:
1. BCR/BCT
2. CPA/TCPA
3. Lost Target
4. Acquisition Zone infringement

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Echo Reference Target

Echo reference is a method for generating a ground stabilised own ship’s
velocity by using a tracked target as a reference point.
Any tracked target can be selected as an echo reference, providing the
target is established (i.e. has a vector), has not been declared lost and AIS
input is not enabled. Once selected its velocity is assumed to be zero and
own ship's speed is calculated on this assumption.
When a target has been selected as an echo reference, own ship’s velocity
source is automatically selected to be ground based using the echo
reference generated velocity.
Only one target can be designated as the echo reference target at any one
time.
To select a target for echo reference do the following:
1. Right click on the target to be selected
as an echo reference and highlight
Select for Echo Reference from the
semi transparent window. R is
displayed adjacent to the reference
target, the targets has its true vector
removed, and its speed is set to zero.
The ground stabilised sensor indicators
(COG and SOG) at the top left of the screen show the source as
REF, see Sensors Menu for information on sensor sources.
2. To change the echo reference to another target right click on the
target and highlight Select for Echo Reference again. The echo
reference is moved to the other target.
To cancel an echo referenced target:
1. Right click on the either the COG or
SOG ground stabilised sensor indicator
and select the sensor source. The
sensor source window opens with the
selected source folder displayed and
the current sensor source (REF) in
highlight.

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2. Change the sensor source by clicking in the radio button of the

required sensor source (e.g. GPS). The following window requests
confirmation of which other data should be received from the
selected source i.e. if SOG data type has been changed then the
system prompts to change the COG data type from echo reference
to the sensor source selected for SOG.
3. Click on the Apply button, the echo reference data source is
removed from the selected target.
The echo reference target velocity is set to unusable and the target
dropped where the following apply:
• the system is set to standby;
• the target goes beyond the maximum tracking range;
• another speed mode, or speed source is selected.

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Selected Target
The Selected Target sub menu is the default opening window on the
VisionMaster system. The sub menu enables real time data on a selected
target to be displayed. When a target has been selected it is tracked and
identified in the video circle with a dashed green symbol centred on the
target origin.
For details on manually acquiring targets, see Target Acquisition.
The Selected Target sub menu divides into the following tab folders:
• Target Data
• AIS Info
Targets are identified by number, name or both, depending on the
identification parameters selected in Target Display.
The target must provide a valid heading in order for the system to track a
target. If a valid heading is not available for more than 60 seconds all
tracked targets are dropped from the Selected Target menu. Tracking is
restored if the heading becomes valid within 60 seconds.

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Selected Target Functions

Target Data
The Target Data tab folder shows the
following tracking data on a selected target:
• Range - the distance of the target
from the CCRP.
• True Bearing - the true bearing of
the target from the CCRP
• CSE - the true CSE of target
• STW - the true STW of target
• CPA -the CPA of the target from
the CCRP
• TCPA - the TCPA of the target from
the CCRP
• BCR - the BCR of the target from
the CCRP
• BCT - the BCT of the target from
the CCRP
If a tracked target is not established only the target number or name, range
and true bearing are displayed.
If the target approach point has passed, the CPA field shows 0.0 and the
data is indicated by a TCPA with a minus sign.
The BCR and BCT are only shown if both the crossing time and the
distance are positive, i.e. a target is projected to cross own ship's bow but
has not yet done so. If the target is NOT projected to cross the bow both
fields are shown as dashed (--.-).
If a target is lost or if a valid heading or speed for own ship is not available
then any invalid target data, except the target number/name and its type, is
shown in an orange warning colour. If the target is subsequently found or
heading/speed becomes valid, the data reverts to its normal system color.

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Tracked targets can be named from the Target Data folder tab. To name a
target:
1. Click in the target name field below the target identifier. The on
screen keypad appears.
2. Enter a name for the target using the keypad, when finished click
on the keypad OK button. The name entered appears in the Target
name field, and if both target numbers and names are ticked in
Target Display the name appears alongside the target on the video
circle.

Target Data AIS

Where the tracked target is an AIS then the
Target Data folder includes the addition of
the target's current heading bearing.
A tracked AIS target will also include a
Show Tracked Data button, which enables
the option of toggling between displaying
tracked and AIS data. When tracked data is
displayed the AIS heading is shown in
addition to the tracking data listed above.

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AIS Info
The AIS Info tab folder displays
alphanumeric information for the tracked AIS
target. If a target is dropped or cancelled, it is
automatically removed from the folder.
AIS targets are only shown in transmit mode
when there is a valid position and heading for
own ship and AIS Input and Display are
enabled in Target Display. When AIS targets
are not shown, received AIS transmissions
continue to be stored so that known targets
can be rendered quickly when conditions
indicate rendering should proceed.
Up to 500 AIS targets can be displayed on
the video circle at any one time. The
VisionMaster system can store and process
reports for at least 1000 AIS targets without
perceivable impact to use.

AIS Info target data

When an AIS target has been selected the current data is shown on the
AIS Info folder:
• Target number assigned
• Name of target vessel (if known)
• Class (A or B)
• Vessel MMSI
• Position Accuracy
• RAIM in Use Indication
• Vessel Type
• Call Sign (vessel identification name)
• Destination (vessel route)
• Navigational Status
Static information (call sign, vessel type, destination) may initially be
missing as it is transmitted less frequently that the other dynamic
information.

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Target States
AIS targets are displayed in one of the following states:
• Sleeping
A sleeping target is smaller in size than an activated
target and is never displayed with vectors.

• Activated
An activated target is displayed with heading and
speed/course vector. The speed/course vector is a
dashed line originating from the centre of the
triangle, the length of line being proportional to the
vector time.

If heading data is missing or invalid the course

vector is shown in place of the heading line.

• Activated and Selected

When an activated target is selected a dashed
square outline appears centred on the target origin
and information on the target is shown in the AIS
window.

• Activated and Turning

A turn indicator is drawn if an activated vessel is
changing direction at greater than 5 degrees per 30
seconds. The indicator is displayed as a short solid
fixed length line at the end of the heading line,
perpendicular to the heading line in the direction
the vessel is turning.

The default state for a newly acquired target is sleeping.

Sleeping targets become activated when they are selected, either manually
by the operator or automatically by the target infringing the CPA/TCPA
limits or bow crossing criteria.

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Changing an Activated Target to Sleeping

An activated, or activated and selected target, can be manually set to

sleeping.
To set a target to sleeping do the following:
1. Right click on an activated AIS target.
2. A semi-transparent window appears,
left click on Set to Sleeping
3. The target is deactivated and its
heading, speed/course data and
identification data is removed.
4. To reactivate a sleeping target left
click on the target again, all previous target data is restored.

Target Alarm States

The following alarms states apply to any AIS target in any state, (with the
exception that sleeping targets do not raise the Lost alarm):
1. Infringe bow crossing
2. Dangerous target
A target is considered dangerous when it infringes
the CPA/TCPA criteria. The red triangle flashes
while the CPA/TCPA alarm is unacknowledged.

3. Enter acquisition zone

4. Lost
An activated lost target maintains its last heading
and COG/SOG and will continue to be dead
reckoned until the lost target alarm is acknowledged.
A lost target has a red flashing line through it.

These alarms remain displayed until acknowledged.

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Multiple Targets
The Multiple Targets folder displays
information on up to eight activated AIS and
tracked targets. The following summary
data for each target is displayed:
• Target number
• target CPA
• target TCPA
The Multiple Targets window is divided into
two tab folders, CPA and Range.
Only targets that have positive CPA/TCPA
values are shown in the CPA tab folder,
targets with negative CPA/TCPA values are
excluded from the sorted list.
The range tab folder always lists the
maximum number of eight targets and is
sorted on the target range from own ship.
Targets are automatically removed from the
tote if they are dropped or cancelled by the
operator. A sleeping AIS target selected for
the tote is automatically set to activated.
Automatic Sorting of Targets
Targets can be automatically sorted from
the nearest to the furthest away from own
ship by the following criteria:
• CPA (default)
• TCPA
• Range
To sort the targets by CPA click on the triangle symbol in the CPA button.
To sort by TCPA click on the TCPA button to activate and then click the
triangle symbol in the TCPA button.

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Viewing Target Data from Multiple Targets

Any target in the multiple target tote can be selected for display in the
target data window.
To select a target click on the target ID in the tote (from either the CPA or
Range folders), the Target Data folder from the Selected Target sub-menu
is displayed with the target's information.

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Target Display
The Target Display window shows the
display parameters for all targets.
Targets are only displayed when the system
is in Transmit. If the system is switched to
Standby then all targets are dropped. No
target alarms are raised in Standby with the
exception of echo reference alarms.
Targets can be tracked either manually or
automatically by auto acquisition, see
Acquisition Zones The tracking option is
available in all presentation modes and
motion modes.
The Target Display window is divided into
the following areas:
• Tracked
• Identification
• AIS
• Other
Tracked
The Tracked area includes a Target Display
tick box and a Targets Processed numerical
identifier.
The Target Display tick box controls the
viewing of all targets in the video circle, tick
the box to view targets (default) or untick to remove targets from the
screen.
The Targets Processed field identifies the total number of currently tracked
targets (non AIS) processed. Each processed target is assigned a
numerical identifier, starting at 1. Where target identification is enabled for
number the target number displayed on the video circle.

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Tracking Parameters
The basic tracking parameters are shown in the following table.

Parameter Value

Tracking Range 0.25 to 40 NM

Acquisition Range 0.25 to 40 NM
Cancellation range 0.0 to 40 NM
Max number of tracked targets 100
Max tracking velocity 150 knots true
Time to display motion trend
16 good plots
vector

Identification
The target identification is displayed adjacent to each target’s vector origin
and remains visible as long as the target origin is visible. You can select
the target identification to display one of the following:
• Num Target numbers only
• Name Target names only (the number will be displayed if no name
has been allocated).
• Both Target numbers and names (the name will be left blank if
none has been allocated).
• Off No identification
AIS
The AIS area of the Target Display includes the following:
• AIS Input - AIS input data is switched on or off by ticking the AIS
Input check box.

AIS Input can only be enabled when valid sensor data is being
transmitted.

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• AIS Display - the AIS display is turned on or off by ticking the AIS
Display check box.

When Display Off is selected the system continues to store

received AIS transmissions so that the targets can be displayed
quickly when the Display setting is switched back on.

The AIS Input and Display settings can also be controlled from AIS and
Target Filter buttons located on the main screen, see AIS Input and Target
Filter. The current input and display settings in the Target Display folder are
replicated on these AIS target controls on the main screen.
• Targets Processed - shows the number of AIS targets currently
tracked.

Target Filter
The system prioritises AIS targets into class A and class B, according to
importance. Class A targets are generally large vessels, class B targets
being smaller vessels. The current AIS target class filter selection is shown
in the Target Filter area.
To change the filter selection tick one of the following radio buttons:
• Class A + B - both AIS class A and class B targets are displayed
• Class B - only class B targets are displayed
• Class A - only class A targets are displayed (default setting)
Other features
Other target tracking features included in the Target Display window
include the following:
• displaying test targets, for information see Test Targets.
• displaying target past position dots, for information see Past
Position Dots.
• cancelling all tracked targets, for information see Cancelling
Tracked Targets.

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Target Display Other Features

Past Position Dots
When past position dots are switched on, dots
are displayed on the video circle indicating the
past positions of all targets.
As soon as an autotrack target is acquired, or
when an AIS target is one of the closest 40,
the past position data starts to build up. The
number of dots displayed, up to a maximum of
4, is determined by the length of time the
target has been tracked and the time interval
selected.
Past position dots are available in all
presentation and motion modes providing the system has a working
compass. Dots always match the trail mode, i.e. true in RM(T) or TM, and
relative in RM(R). When the trail mode is changed the dots are repositioned
to reflect the new trail mode.
To turn past position dots on click the tick box
next to Past Position in the Target Display
window (see Target Display).
To select the past position time interval do
the following:
1. With the Past Position tick box
enabled click on the drop down arrow
next to the interval time. The intervals
are displayed ranging from 15
seconds to 16 minutes.
2. Select the time interval from the drop
down list (the default time is 1
minute). The system changes to
displaying the position dots in the
selected time interval.

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Test Targets
Test Targets are available in all
presentation and motion modes,
providing the system has a working
compass and is in Transmit mode.
Test targets can be displayed and
tracked in exactly the same manner
as live targets, although the system
differentiates between test targets
and tracked real targets. When test
target is on a large flashing letter X is
displayed at the bottom of the video
circle.
The test targets are a fixed pattern,
stationary relative to own ship. The
targets are generated every 45
degrees starting at 0 degrees relative to own ship’s heading The targets
are a fixed size in both azimuth and range.
To turn the test targets on click the Test
Targets tick box on the Target Display
window (see Target Display). The targets
appear on the video circle.
To turn test targets off untick the Test
Targets check box.
Test targets are also no longer displayed
when the radar is switched to Standby or the radar overlay is turned off.

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Cancelling Tracked Targets

Tracked targets can be cancelled individually or collectively. When a target
is cancelled all alarms relating to the target are automatically cleared. If
local tracked targets are being displayed then the tracked target is
cancelled on the current node only.
To cancel an individual tracked target do the following:
1. Position the cursor over the target and
right click. A floating window appears
next to the selected target with Cancel
Target in highlight.
2. To cancel the operation left click on
Hide Menu, or to proceed with the
target cancellation left click on Cancel
Target. The selected target is removed from the video circle and
all details relating to the target in the Target Data window are
removed.
To cancel all tracked targets do the following:
1. From the Target Display window click
on the Cancel All Targets button.
2. The screen prompts to confirm cancellation of all tracked targets.
Select OK to proceed with the cancellation. All tracked targets are
dropped and removed from the video circle.
3. When targets are cancelled AIS targets are set to a sleeping state
if they meet the following criteria:
• it is not an echo reference target
• it does not infringe the CPA/TCPA or Bow Crossing limits
• it is not in an auto acquisition zone

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Automatic Dropping of Targets

The operator can enable an auto-drop mode in which individual AIS or
tracked targets deemed not to be a threat to own ship are automatically
dropped by the tracker without an alarm being raised. The system default
for auto-drop mode is enabled and the setting stored when altered and
restored at power on.
The auto drop feature is controlled from a tick
box in the Limits and Settings folder, see
Limits and Settings. To toggle the auto drop
targets On and Off click in the box.
Tracked targets are dropped automatically if
they meet all of the following criteria:
• The target is not in an auto-acquisition zone.
• The target is not in an auto-acquisition zone.
• It does not infringe the CPA/TCPA or BCR/BCT alarm criteria.
• It is fully established i.e. it has a motion trend vector displayed.
• The TCPA is more than 3 minutes ago.
• The target is astern of own ship.
• The target’s range is more than 10 NM from own ship.
In addition to the auto-drop mode, tracked targets are always dropped
without an alarm being raised if they meet any of the following criteria:
• The target’s range is greater than the maximum tracking range.
• The target’s range is greater than the maximum tracking range.
• No good video data has been extracted for the target for the last 60
scans.
• The system has been switched to standby.

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Acquisition Zones
An acquisition zone is an area of the
video circle that can be defined by
the operator. Any target that enters
this area is automatically acquired
and tracked by the system. When an
acquisition zone is active the zone
parameters are shown on the video
screen.
There are two acquisition zones,
available in all motion modes and
presentation modes. The zones can
be turned on and off and the zone
parameters edited from the
Acquisition Zones window.
The initial system zone definitions
are as follows:
• Zone 1 4 to 5 NM long distance units and 270° to 90°
• Zone 2 12 to 14 NM long distance units and 270° to 90°
Any targets found in the auto acquisition zone are marked by a flashing
acquisition zone symbol (red triangle) and an AZ alarm is raised. Targets
that the system decides are not existing targets are automatically acquired.
The acquisition zone symbol stops flashing when the AZ alarm is
acknowledged and disappears when the target leaves the zone.
There is a limit on the number of trackable targets within all active zones.
An AZ Full alarm is raised when the next trackable target enters the zone
after the limit has been reached. The AZ Full alarm is cleared when the
number of trackable targets falls below the limit.

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Editing Zones
An acquisition zone can be edited by changing its radial position and depth,
and by changing its start bearing and end bearing within the limits defined
below.
The editing of Acquisition zones is only available when the system is in
Transmit mode.

Acquisition Zone Limits

Parameter Min Max
End Range (in long distance units) 1.0 40.0
Start Depth (in long distance units) 0.4 2.0
Bearing 6° 354°

To edit the acquisition zone parameters do the following:

With the Acquisition Zones window
opened and the zone active (On) click on
the Edit button of the zone to be edited
(Zone 1 or Zone 2). You can edit both the
Bearing (the radial angle of the zone) and
the Range (the depth of the zone).
To edit the zone bearing:
1. Click inside the Start field. When
editable the start degree number
changes from white to green.
2. Move the trackerball left (to
decrease the numerical degree) or
right (to increase). If the zone is
switched off (inactive) the zone
appears on the video circle when
the parameters are changed.
3. To change the End bearing repeat the procedure above.

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To edit the zone range:

1. Click inside the Start field. When editable the start number
changes from white to green.
2. Move the trackerball left to decrease the range (i.e. the range
moves closer to the CCRP), or right to increase the range (the
zone moves further away from the CCRP). As the Start range is
changed the End range numerical degree changes proportionally.
3. To shorten or widen the zone range click in the End field and
change the range as described above.

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Own Ship AIS

The Own Ship AIS window displays AIS data
for own ship.
The Ownship fields display the following
read only information:
• Name of vessel
• Class (A or B)
• Vessel MMSI
• Heading (HDG) bearing
• Current latitude position
• Current longitude position
• COG
• SOG
• Type
• Call (i.e. ownship)
• Destination
• Status
• IMO number.
The data for Heading, Position, COG and SOG is received from the specific
sensors.
The navigational status of own ship includes the following states:
• Underway
• At anchor
• Not under command
• Restricted manvre
• Constrain draught
• Moored
• Aground
• Fishing
• Sailing
If one of these states does not apply the Nav. Status field displays: Nav
status unknown.

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Limits and Settings

The Limits and Settings menu defines the
CPA/TCPA, bow crossing (BCR/BCT) and
target association limits.
The menu also enables the target Auto Drop
and Vector Timeout to be enabled or
disabled, see Cancelling Tracked Targets
A target is deemed dangerous if it infringes
the defined limits set in this menu. When this
happens an alarm is raised, the alarm is
cleared automatically when there are no
targets infringing the defined limits.
The minimum and maximum infringement
limits for CPA/TCPA and BCR/BCT are
shown in the table below.

Parameter CPA/BCR TCPA/BCT

System 0.2 NM 10 minutes

default value
Range of 0.1 to 20.0 1 to 99
values NM minutes

The minimum and maximum infringement limits for Target Association are
shown in the table below.

Target Association
Parameter Distance Speed
System default value 0.20 NM 5.0 kt
Range of values 0.05 NM to 1.00 NM 1.5 kt to 10 kt

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To change the infringement limits do the following.

1. Click inside the field to be changed. When editable the number
changes from white to green.
2. Move the trackball left (to decrease the limit) or right (to increase).
When the limit has been correctly defined left click to enter value
and exit edit mode.

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The radar can be in one of two operational modes: Standby and Transmit.
In addition, when the radar is in standby following power up it may also be
warming up. The operational mode of the display can be separate from the
operational mode of the transceiver to which it is connected.
The following controls are available when operating as a Master Display:
• switching the radar between standby and transmit mode
• changing the pulse length
• radar tuning
• changing between AFC and manual tuning

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Radar Fine Tuning

The radar tuning indicator is located in the
bottom left hand corner of the display, below
the video processing controls.
The current level of tuning is indicated by the
shaded bar adjacent to the Tune caption and
is continuously updated. This bar indicates
the level in percentage terms with 0% on the left, 100% on the right. The
tuning indicator is only displayed when the radar is in Transmit mode, and
can only be adjusted manually if the system is configured as a Master
radar.
The two tuning modes are AFC and Manual. The default mode is AFC.
For a Master display there are three tuning controls:
• AFC on/off
• Manual fine tune
• Coarse tune
Coarse tuning is set up from the System menu during initialisation, see
System, Transceiver Settings.
To select between Manual or AFC tuning.
1. Position the screen cursor over the
AFC/Manual selection field.
2. Left click to toggle the tuning control to
Manual or AFC.

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Manual Fine Tuning Adjustment

For manual fine tuning long pulse (LP) must be selected, ideally using the
highest range scale that shows a known target near to the edge of the
radar circle. The tuning mode should be set to Manual.
To manually fine tune do the following.
1. With Manual selected left click in the
Tune bar to activate the control. The
lower of the two bars is the tuning
indicator. The upper bar is the tuning
control level indicator (which indicates
how well the receiver is tuned).
2. Move the trackball left or right to adjust the tuning control (upper
bar) until the maximum level is reached on the tuning indicator
(lower bar). If distant radar targets are visible, use these for the
final adjustment.
3. Left click to set the level and de-activate the bar. The bar will return
to its green state. A right click will de-activate the bar but not set
the level.

For accurate tuning to be achievable, coarse tuning must have

been correctly adjusted during radar initialisation. Refer to Ship’s
Manual for details.

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Radar Alarms
The following series of radar alarms may be raised by the system.
Video Settings Alarms
Low Video Level
The signal level of the video received from the transceiver is monitored at
regular intervals when the display is in transmit. If the level falls below an
optimal video level a low video alarm is raised. The low video alarm is
cleared when:
• the monitored video level is greater than or equal to an optimum
video level; or
• the radar is in standby.
Communications Alarms
Transceiver Communications
A transceiver communications alarm is raised if a valid message has not
been received from the transceiver for more than 3 seconds. The alarm is
raised regardless of the display’s standby/transmit status. The alarm is
cleared whenever valid messages are received.

PCIO Communications with SC2 and USB

A PCIO communications alarm is raised within 10 seconds if the physical
connection between the SC2 board and the PCIO unit, or the PC USB and
the PCIO unit is broken. The alarm is raised regardless of the display’s
standby/transmit status. The alarm is cleared when the connection is fixed
and valid messages are received.
Transceiver BITE Alarms
Trigger Error
A trigger error alarm is raised when the transceiver is in transmit and there
are fewer valid triggers than expected. The alarm is cleared when:
• the number of triggers returns to the expected value; or
• the transceiver is switched to standby.

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Azimuth Error
An azimuth error alarm is raised when the transceiver is in transmit and
either:
• the number of azimuth pulses between heading markers is greater
or less than a margin of error of 5 pulses centered on a nominal
value of 4096 pulses; or
• the number of pulses per revolution is within the margin of error,
but a small error persists for a period of time (e.g. 4095 pulses per
rev are received continually).
The azimuth error alarm is cleared when:
• neither of the alarm conditions is satisfied; or
• the transceiver is switched to standby.

Heading Marker Error

When the transceiver is in transmit an error alarm is raised if a heading
marker has not been received for more than 10 seconds. If a heading
marker has not been received for more than 30 seconds the Master Display
automatically switches the connected transceiver to standby.
The heading marker error alarm is cleared when:
• a heading marker is received; or
• the transceiver is switched to standby.

Pulse Length Error

An error alarm is raised if, after a delay no greater than 4 seconds, the
display’s requested pulse length does not match the pulse length of its
connected transceiver. The alarm is cleared automatically when
• The requested pulse length matches that of its connected
transceiver
• The display is switched to Standby.
• The display is switched to a Slave

BITE
A BITE alarm is only raised when the system is connected to a BME or BM
II transceiver. The alarm automatically clears when:

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• there are no failed BITE parameters; or

• if the connected transceiver is not a BME or BM II transceiver.
Interswitch Alarms
Interswitch alarms are raised under the following conditions:
• An Interswitch message communications timeout; or
• An incorrect interswitch detected.
Interswitch warnings are raised under the following conditions:
• When the slave only transceiver setting from the interswitch does
not match the configuration on the node.
• When the slave only display setting from the interswitch does not
match the configuration on the node.
• If an invalid request is made to the interswitch from the display

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Interswitch Control
The Interswitch control function enables you
to select the Transceiver type (X-Band, S-
Band etc.) and its identifier (from A, B, C, D,
E or F). Each transceiver type has a Master
and Slave selection button.
Up to six transceivers can be connected to up
to six displays. The number of transceivers
that may be set up is dependent on the
interswitch status as follows:
When no interswitch is fitted to the system:
• the Master/Slave selection is fixed at
commissioning with the system
defaulting to Master.
• the transceiver identification is fixed
at A.
When an interswitch is fitted to the system:
• the master/slave display, display identifier and transceiver
identification are determined from the interswitch.
• if the interswitch is two-way then only transceivers A and B may be
set up.
• if the interswitch is six-way then all transceivers A, B, C, D, E and F
may be set up.

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Interswitch Status
The Interswitch Status folder displays the
current transceiver settings for each display
set at Interswitch Control. Transceivers not
available are shown grayed out and default
to Slave. The folder also displays the
software version of the Interswitch.

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Chapter 12 Charts
The Charts facility allows vector charts to be
displayed within the video circle in either
Standby or Transmit mode. The following
topics are covered:
• select a chart feature set, match the
chart with the video, display update
summaries and install charts from a
installer utility, see Features.
• select chart features additional to
those displayed on the chart set,
Custom Features.
• change default chart contour and depth settings, see Chart Depths.
• specify the order in which charts formats are used for rendering,
see Chart Formats.
• view detailed read only information on charts, see Chart Legend.
• make manual updates to charts, see Manual Chart Update.
• highlight and view information on specific chart areas and
geographic objects, see Chart Query.
This chapter also includes a sub section detailing the symbols used in
nautical charts, see Charts 1.

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Chart Filled Mode

The chart radar system includes a chart color fill and unfilled mode. The
default mode is chart unfilled.
The currently selected chart filled mode is shown at the top right of the
screen and includes the following chart mode options:
• Chart Filled - the land color fill
shows as a different color than
the water and chart objects are
filled with the applicable colors.

• Chart Unfilled - the land and

sea are the same color and
coastlines, safety contours and
other objects are shown in
outline only.

• Maps/Chart Off - no chart

information is shown.
To change the mode either left click on the field to
toggle through the options or right click on the field to
display a drop down list from where you can select
the option.

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 Charts

Features
Features is the opening folder on the Charts
menu. From Features you can select the
following functions:
• Filter - choose the chart feature set
(Base, Standard or Other) to
display, or apply custom features
see Feature Set.
• Chart Match - correct the display of
any discrepancies between the
radar video and the chart, see Chart
Match.
• Chart Updates Summary - display
a chart updates summary in a
separate window, see Chart
Updates Summary.
• Chart Installation - enables the
loading of charts onto the system
hard drive from a chart installer
utility. If the chart type supports
network installation, then charts can
be installed from any node of the
system. For information on the
Chart Installer Utility see the
VisionMaster Ship's Manual.
• Chart Permissions - displays chart
license and permit expiration on an
installed chart, see Chart
Permissions.

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Feature Functions
Feature Set
The selection in the Features Set defines the
behaviour used by the chart engine when
rendering chart data.
VisionMaster includes the following three types
of chart feature sets:
• Base (default feature set)
• Standard
• Other.
Some features are common across chart formats, while others are
particular to a specific format. A chart feature set can be customised by
applying specifically selected features. To apply custom features to any
chart set click the Apply Custom Features tick box and select the chart
features to be applied from Custom Features or User Profiles.
The selection of chart feature sets and the application of custom
features is governed by the current range scale, see Range Scales.
All feature sets are available and custom features can be applied at
range scales of 12 NM and below, whereas at higher range scales
feature sets and functions are disabled, see below.
• at 96 NM Base chart set only is available;
• at 48 NM Base and Standard chart sets are available;
• at 24 NM Base, Standard and Other chart sets are available,
but not Apply Custom Features.
Base
The Base feature is the minimum allowable feature, permanently retained
on the display, consisting of:
• Coastline (high water);
• Own ship's safety contour;
• Indication of isolated underwater dangers of depths less than the
safety contour which lie within the safe waters defined by the safety
contour;
• Indication of isolated dangers which lie within the safe water
defined by the safety contour such as bridges, overhead wires,

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 Charts

etc., and including buoys, beacons and whether or not these are
being used as aids to navigation;
• Traffic routing systems;
• Scale, range, orientation and display mode; units of depth and
height.

Standard
Standard includes all features defined by Base plus additional features,
consisting of:
• Drying line;
• Indication of fixed and floating aids to navigation;
• Boundaries of fairways, channels, etc.;
• Visual and radar conspicuous features;
• Prohibited and restricted areas;
• Chart scale boundaries;
• Indication of cautionary notes.

Other
The Other feature allows you to add or remove the display of categories of
vector chart information, but not individual data. For example, a single
cautionary area cannot be suppressed; all cautionary areas must be
suppressed.
The Other feature includes all Base set features and may also include:
ƒ Any Standard set features;
ƒ Spot soundings;
ƒ Submarine cables and pipelines;
ƒ Ferry routes;
ƒ Details of all isolated dangers;
ƒ Details of aids to navigation;
ƒ Contents of cautionary notes;
ƒ ENC edition date;
ƒ Geodetic datum;
ƒ Magnetic variation;
ƒ Graticule;
ƒ Place names.

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Chart Match
The Chart Match feature allows the operator to correct a discrepancy
between the radar video and the chart display. By selecting the radar
object and the chart object to be matched, an offset can be created that is
applied to the chart display. This offset persists until the chart match is
cancelled, or until the chart cells displayed on the screen at the time of the
selection are no longer on the screen.
The feature includes the capability to specify a range and bearing
adjustment to be applied to any loaded chart in order to alter the chart’s
relative position to the own ship’s CCRP plotted position.
The operator specifies the range and bearing adjustment by selecting two
points on the video circle.
To reposition the chart do the following:
1. Click on the Select Points button in
the Chart Match area. The fields
below prompt to click on chart
object and the screen cursor
displays CM.
2. Click on the chart object in the video
circle. The lower field in Chart
Match changes to Radar Object.
3. Click on the radar object (return).
The Chart Match fields change to
displaying the position (nautical
miles and bearing) of the chart
object and the Chart Match Applied
tick box becomes active.
4. Tick the Chart Match Applied box.
The chart is shifted so that the radar
return and the chart object are
displayed at the same location on
the video circle.
5. To return to the previous chart position untick the Chart Match
Applied box.
If a new chart is loaded while the adjustment is active, the system
automatically clears the adjustment and the active adjustment indication is
cleared from the screen.

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 Charts

Chart Updates Summary

The Chart Updates Summary enables the
display of information of chart updates in a
secondary window. This feature is only
available in Standby.
To access the window click the Show Summary button. A Charts Update
Summary window appears displaying details (if any) of chart updates.

The summary report for each of the update files contains the following
information:
• Reference name of the updated chart
• Chart issue date
• Application date
• Edition number and date of cell involved
• Update numbers
• Number of objects in the affected cells
• Chart type
• Status
If an update is not properly applied or the update is out of sequence the
update is terminated, the update rejection is logged by the system and a
warning of this action is shown.
In the case of C-MAP charts, the system provides automatic registration of
the databases and a record of updates is kept in the C-MAP database.
Respectively, 7Cs engine keeps a record of updates in a log file. The log
file or database record contain, for each update applied to or rejected, the
following information:

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Chart Radar User Guide

• Date and time of application/rejection;

• Complete and unique identification number of update as described
in the S-57 product specification;
• Any anomalies encountered during application;
• Type of application: manual/automatic.
Chart Permissions
When in Standby, information on chart
license and permit expiration can be viewed
by clicking on the Show Permissions
button. A tabular window appears over the
video circle with the following columns:
ƒ License
ƒ Expiration Data
ƒ Database
ƒ Region
ƒ Subscription Status

Charts may be installed onto the system using a USB key.

Where C-Map charts are being installed the key used will be pre-assigned
with a unique user ID.
Where S-57 encrypted charts and ARCS charts are being installed the key
used will include information such as S-57 user permit and an ARCS PIN.
When a chart license or permit is about to expire a warning is generated. If
the license or permit has expired the system stops displaying the
respective charts. The system will accept new licenses, cell permits and
ARCS permits both automatically (using electronic media) and manually.

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 Charts

Custom Features
The Custom Features window enables you to
select chart features additional to those
displayed on the currently selected feature
set.
The window lists all the features available for
the currently enabled chart format, e.g. if the
chart engine type enabled in the Chart Format
window is SevenCs then the window displays
the features specific to that chart format.
To expand the chart engine list click the +
button or to contract click the - button.
When a feature is highlighted a brief
description appears at the bottom of the
window.

Setting Custom Features

To enable a custom feature check the
feature's tick box.

Any changes made to the default

status of the charts is also reflected in User Profiles in the System
menu, see Custom Settings.

The chart text scaling defaults to 1:1. To change the scaling click in the
Text Scale Factor field and move the trackball left or right to decrease or
increase the scaling. The maximum text scale factor is 3.0.

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Chart Depths
The chart depths window enables you to
change default contour and depth settings.

The following depth threshold values are

applied to charts:

Depth Default Min Max

Deep Contour 30 meters 7 meters 100 meters

Safety Depth 30 meters 2 meters 30 meters
Shallow Contour 2 meters 0 meters 10 meters

To change the default values click in the required field and move the
trackball left to decrease the value or right to increase. Click the left key
again to set the value.

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 Charts

Chart Formats
The Formats window displays the currently
enabled and disabled chart formats.
The formats in the Enablement field are listed
in the order in which they will be used for
rendering chart data. The chart formats with
the highest priority are listed at the top of the
Enabled field and the lowest priority at the
bottom. The higher a chart format appears in
the enabled list the sooner it will be selected
for rendering.
Any chart formats listed in the Disabled field
will not be rendered.

When the system is in its initial state, i.e.

the first time the system is run; all chart
formats are listed as disabled.
Subsequent application restarts revert to
values entered for the local workstation.

To change the chart format priority or to

disable or re-enable a chart format do the
following.
To change the chart format order of priority:
1. Click on a chart format in the Enabled list, if the format is neither at
the top or bottom of the list then both the Up button and Down
button to the right of the list become available.
2. Click on the Up or Down button to move the position of the chart
format within the list.
To change the enablement/disablement status of the chart format do the
following:
1. To disable a chart format click on the format in the enablement list
and click the Down button between the Enablement and
Disablement fields. The format is moved to the Disablement list.
2. To enable a previously disabled chart format click on the format in
the disablement list and click the Up button between the
Enablement and Disablement fields. The format is moved to the
Enablement list.

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Supported Chart Engines

The VisionMaster system supports both C-MAP and SevenCs chart
engines.
The C-MAP chart engine supports the following chart formats:
• S-57 (unencrypted);
• CM93v3 (C-MAP);
• ENC (C-MAP) ;
The SevenCs chart engine supports the following chart formats:
• S-57 (encrypted);
• DirectEnc (ChartWorld);
• Transas;
• ARCS.
Pictorial Representations (PICREPS) are also supported.

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 Charts

Chart Legend
Chart Legend sub menu enables you to
view read only information on every chart
cell currently visible on the screen.
The Legend window is divided into three
tab folders:
• Component
• Select
• Update

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Legend Information
Legend Select
The Select folder displays the names of all
the chart sets currently displayed on the
screen. From this folder you can choose the
chart set whose legend information will be
displayed in the Component folder, see
Legend Component.
The available chart sets are listed in Chart
engine (C-MAP or SevenC) folders.
When a new chart set is selected from the
folder, the screen region covered by the cell
will be momentarily highlighted with a cross­
hatch pattern. This allows the operator to
visually determine whether the selected cell
covers the area of interest.
The set of chart cells displayed in the Select
folder will automatically update itself to match the cells most recently
displayed on the screen.

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Legend Component
The Component folder displays all the chart
legend information on the chart set selected
from the Selection folder, see Legend Select.
If no chart set has been selected, the folder
displays the name and legend information for
the chart set that currently covers the center
of the screen. If a chart set has not been
correctly configured all component fields
show No Chart Available.

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Legend Update
The Update folder displays the date and time
of any updates made via the manual chart
update function (see Manual Chart Update)
to the chart sets in the Component folder,
see Legend Component.
The data on each chart update is assigned
to a numbered edition folder, the number
being replicated from the Edition field in the
Component folder.

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 Charts

Manual Chart Update

The manual chart update facility enables
operator updates of chart information to be
made. The window is divided into two areas;
Create Chart Update and Modify Chart
Update.
The Create Chart Update area includes the
following links:
• Create
• Delete
• Annotate
The Modify Chart Update area includes the
following links:
• View/Edit
• Archive

Information on manual chart update to follow.

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Chart Query
The Chart Query facility enables the operator to highlight and view detailed
information on specific chart areas and geographic objects in the video
circle.
A chart query can be activated from the Chart
Query Results folder, or by right clicking on a
chart object in the video circle and selecting
Query Chart from the semi-transparent window.
When Query Chart is activated in this way the
query is performed based on the current set of
filter options, see Query Options. The Chart
Query Results folder will automatically display the object information when
Query Chart is activated.
When a query is activated the selected object, line or area is highlighted
with a suitable graphic, for a description of the different object types see
Query Results.
The Chart Query facility includes the following controls:
ƒ display the results of the query and navigate to the next object
ƒ start a new query or clear an old query
ƒ set the query options.

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 Charts

Query Features
Query Results
The query results folder includes an objects
list, information panel, and navigation
controls.

Objects List
The objects list displays a tree view of all the
chart objects. The objects are divided into the
following groups:
ƒ Point - includes specific chart objects
e.g. buoys
ƒ Area - includes land and sea areas
ƒ Line - includes coastlines
ƒ Cluster - includes echo sounding
spots
To display a listing of all the objects assigned
to each group click on the object group box in
the list.

Information Panel
The information area contains detailed read-
only information for the currently selected
object. The information changes as other
objects are selected from the Objects list.

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Selecting an Object for Query

To select an chart object for query, do the following:
1. Right click in the video circle and select Query Chart, the chart
object groups appear in the Results folder.
2. Select the object in the Objects list by clicking on the navigation
arrows, the forward arrow highlights the next object in the tree, the
back arrow highlights the previous object.
3. The selected object is highlighted on the video circle with a graphic
dependant on the group type selected.

For Points an eight line graphic is drawn around

the selected object with the eighth line being a red
arrow pointing to the center of the selected object.
Areas are shaded in red, lines are highlighted in
red, and cluster sounding spots are shown as a
red circle with a white outline.
At the bottom of the menu, two controls are provided to control the display
of query results and highlighting. The Query Off button toggles between
On and Off, when activated the screen cursor changes to a ? below the
cross, the next left click enables you to query objects directly on the screen.

After approximately 15 seconds The Query On enablement times

out and reverts to Query Off.

4. To clear all query results from the query menu and also clear any
highlighting from the video circle click the Clear Query button.

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Query Options
The Chart Query Options control allows you
to set the following query options:
ƒ Filter - search by geometry type
(points, lines and/or areas)
ƒ Area Size - search area as a factor
of scale (small, medium, large)
To include the basic geometry types in chart
queries tick their checkbox. At least one
checkbox must be ticked in order to receive
query results.
The Query Area Size control allows you to
select from three different sizes of query
region, all three of which are based on the
current selected range scale of the video
circle.
The default values for query area size are as follows:
ƒ Small = 10% of the range scale
ƒ Medium = 20% of the range scale
ƒ Large = 30% of the range scale

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Chart 1
Areas and Boundaries

Restricted area (anchoring Restricted area (fishing

prohibited) prohibited)

Restricted area (nature

Military practice area
reserve)

Restricted area (entry

Cargo transshipment area
prohibited)

Caution area Dumping ground

Maritime jurisdiction
boundaries and limits
(national territory, territorial Anchorage area
sea, exclusive economic
zone)

Restricted area (dredging

Precautionary area
prohibited)

Administration area
Submarine transit lane
(national boundary)

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 Charts

Beacons and Buoys

Beacons ( 1 - 3) and Buoys(4 - 10): colour: unknown

1: Shape: stake pole
2: Shape: lattice beacon
3: Shape: beacon tower
4: Shape: spar (spindle)
5: Shape: can (cylindrical)
6: Shape: conical
7: Shape: pillar
8: Shape: spherical
9: Shape: barrel (ton)
10: Shape: superbuoy

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Buildings

Bridge Overhead cable

Railway Road

Built-up area (town, city

Tunnel
etc.)

Production/storage area Airport, airfield

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 Charts

Constructions, Ports

Ponton River/canal

Dam Floating dock

Dyke Lock basin

Shoreline construction
Shoreline construction
(pier)

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Chart Radar User Guide

Depths, Tides, Currents

Dredged area Soundings

Unsurveyed area Depths areas

Safety contour Tidal stream (ebb stream)

Tidal stream (flood stream)

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 Charts

East Cardinal Marks

East cardinal marks (4, 5, 6 lighted marks):

Colour: black, yellow, black
Topmark: two cones base to base
Lights: white

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Chart Radar User Guide

Isolated Danger Marks

Isolated danger marks (4, 5, 6 lighted marks):

Colour: black, red, black
Topmark: two black spheres
Lights: white

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 Charts

Landmarks

Temple Mosque Church, chapel

Single building
(custom office,
Cairn Cemetery
harbour
master, etc.)

Daymark
Chimney Crane (coloured or
white mark)

Radio,
Column television Mast
mast

Pylon (power
transmission, Flare stack
telephone, (on land)
telegraph)

Quarry Tank farm Notice mark

Production
area (timber Refinery area
yard)

Silo, tank (silo

Radar scanner Silo, tank
in general)

Fortified
Dish aerial Dome structure
(castle, fort,

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Chart Radar User Guide

blockhouse)

Radio,
Water tower Tower television
tower

Production
area (wind Windmotor Windmill
farm)

Flagstaff Sloping
(flagpole) ground

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 Charts

Lights and Symbols

Carried by a landmark or non floating object:

1 Colour unknown
2 Colour red
3 Colour green
4 Colour yellow or white

Carried by a floating object or if used as leading light:

1 Colour unknown
2 Colour red
3 Colour green
4 Colour yellow or white

1 Strip light
2 Spotlight
3 Floodlight

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Chart Radar User Guide

4 Light-float
5 Light-vessel

Lights with light characteristics (examples)

Sector Lights

Leading Lights

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 Charts

Mooring Buoys

Shape: barrel (ton); colour: yellow, black, unknown

Shape: super-buoy; colour: yellow, black, unknown

Shape: can (cylindrical); colour: yellow, black,

unknown

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Chart Radar User Guide

Natural Shapes, Coastlines

Coastline (marshy
Coastline
shore)

Lake area Sloping ground (dunes, hills)

Slope topline Land elevation

Vegetation (general) Vegetation (grasslandl)

Vegetation (mangrove) Vegetation (mixed)

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 Charts

Navigational Aids

Direction of Buoyage

Beacon (unknown shape)

Buoy (unknown shape)

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Chart Radar User Guide

North Cardinal Marks

North cardinal marks (4 to 6 lighted marks):

Colour: black, yellow
Topmark: two cones points upward
Lights: white

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 Charts

Obstructions

Underwater Underwater
Underwater
rock (always rock (covers
rock (awash)
under water) and uncovers)

Underwater
rock as
Underwater
isolated
rock of known Obstruction
danger (if
depths
shallower than
safety contour)

Obstruction Obstruction Obstruction of

(foul ground) (always dry) known depths

Obstruction as
Non
isolated
dangerous Dangerous
danger (if
wreck (always wreck
shallower than
under water)
safety contour)

Wreck
Wreck of
showing any
Wreck of known depth
portion of hull
known depth (swept by wire
or super­
drag)
structure

Wreck as
isolated
danger (if
shallower than
safety contour)

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Chart Radar User Guide

Offshore

Submarine cable Cable area

Pipeline

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 Charts

Point Symbols A

Small craft facility

Signal Coast guard
or yacht harbour,
station station
marina

Caisson,
flood barrage
Lock gate Bridge
gate, dyke
gate

Fishing Coast radar

Rescue station
harbour station

Built-up area
RoRo
(city, town, Airport, airfield
terminal
etc.)

Spring

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Chart Radar User Guide

Point Symbols B

Radar
Pile
Fog signal reflector

Anchorage
Anchor berth Caution area
area

Radar
Berth (with Pilot boarding
transponder
name) place
beacon

Deviation
Land area Mooring facility
dolphin

Fishing
facility (fish Offshore platform
trap)

Fishing
Fishing facility Marine
facility (fishing farm/culture
stake)

Distance
Hulk Retro reflector
mark

Weed / kelp Sand waves Water turbulence

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 Charts

Port-Hand Lateral Marks

Port-hand lateral marks:

5, 6, 10 with topmark
6, 7, 8 lighted
9 porthand withy
Colour: red
Topmark: 5, 6 cylinder (can)
10 besom point down

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Chart Radar User Guide

Preferred Channel to Port

Preferred channel to port:

5, 6. with topmark
6, 7, 8. lighted
Colour: green, red, green
Topmark: cone point up
Lights: green

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 Charts

Preferred Channel to Starboard

Preferred channel to starboard:

5, 6 with topmark
6, 7, 8 lighted
Colour: red, green, red
Topmark: cylinder (can)
Lights: red

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Chart Radar User Guide

Safe Water Marks

Safe water marks (5, 6, 7 lighted marks):

Colour: red, white
Topmark: red sphere
Lights: white

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 Charts

Shipping Routes, Radar, Seabed

Navigational
line/recommended track
Ferry route
(Recommended track on a
leading line)

Navigational line (as

Recommended track
transit, clearing line

Traffic separation Traffic separation scheme

scheme (lane part)

Traffic separation Traffic separation scheme

scheme (boundary) (separation zone)

Deep water route Deep water route centreline

Inshore traffic zone

Seabed area (nature of

Radar line
seabed)

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South Cardinal Marks

South cardinal marks (4, 5, 6 lighted marks):

Colour: yellow, black
Topmark: two cones points downward
Lights: white

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 Charts

Special Purpose Marks

Special purpose marks (7, 8, 9 lighted and with topmark):

Colour: yellow
Topmark: yellow x – shape cross
Lights: yellow

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Chart Radar User Guide

Starboard-Hand Lateral Marks

Starboard-hand lateral marks:

5, 6, 10 with topmark
6, 7, 8. lighted
9 starboard-hand withy
Colour: green
Topmark: 5, 6 cone point up
10 besom point up
Lights: green

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 Charts

West Cardinal Marks

West cardinal marks (4, 5, 6 lighted marks):

Colour: yellow, black, yellow
Topmark: two cones point to point
Lights: white

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Chapter 13 Brilliance
Day and Night Modes
The Day / Night modes function enables you
to select the correct color setting for
optimum display purposes in various lighting
conditions. The color modes include three
daylight settings, one dusk and one night
time setting. The current setting is shown
with its radio button highlighted.
To select a different mode setting click on
the radio button to the left of the setting, the
screen colors change relevant to the day or
night mode selected.

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Chart Radar User Guide

Brilliance Groups
This feature enables you to independently
adjust the brilliance of the following
predefined groups:
• Senc Data (Chart Radar only)
• Mariner Objects (Nav Tools)
• Alarms / Warnings
• Routes
• ARPA / AIS data (to extinction)
• Tools (includes PI lines, rotating
cursor, constant turn radius, etc.)
• Range Rings
• Own Ship (heading line)
• EBL / VRM
To adjust an individual group or all
groups do the following:
1. Position the screen cursor over the
control you wish to change.
2. Left click to make control bar active.
The bar color will appear blue.
3. Move the trackerball left or right to
move the bar to the level required.
4. Left click to set the level and de­
activate the bar adjustment. The bar
will return to its previous shaded
state and display the new level.
To reset an individual brilliance group back to the default setting click on
the group's Reset button. To collectively reset all previously edited groups
click the Reset All button

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 Brilliance

SENCE
The SENC folder includes access to a color
diagram which ensures that any
adjustments made to the brightness and
contrast settings on the VisionMaster
monitor will enable the SENC data, such as
coastlines, safety contour and other objects
to be adequately displayed.
The SENC color diagram is only available when the system is in Standby.
1. To adjust click on the Color Diagram button, a window appears
over the radar screen with 20 different background color options
and a colored diagonal line across each background color.
2. While making any necessary brightness and contrast adjustments
view the visibility of the diagonal line against the background color.
If the line becomes difficult to see the brightness/contrast setting is
inadequate for SENC data to be displayed.

237
Chapter 14 System
The System menu provides access to the
following system facilities:
• User Profiles
• Options
• Diagnostics
• Commissioning
• Time Management
• Shutdown
The following System facilities are provided for maintenance and diagnostic
purposes only and are not intended to be used by the radar operator:
• Diagnostics, includes Version and Software information, System
Report export navigation options, Transceiver Configuration, BITE
and Data, and Performance Monitor.
• Commissioning, includes Login, Transceiver Settings, Radar
Video and Authorization information.
For information on the Diagnostics and Commissioning facilities refer to
Chapter 5, Diagnostics and Commissioning in the VisionMaster Ship's
Manual.

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User Profiles
The User Profiles folder enables you to
create, delete, apply, save, view and update
profiles that contain node specific chart and
map settings. Saved profiles are maintained
by the system and are available after a
system restart.
If any user profiles have been previously
applied a list of these settings appears in the
Available Profiles field. If no profiles have
been created this field is blank.
If no new user profiles have been created the
Apply, Delete and View/Edit buttons are
greyed out.
New profiles are created by entering a profile
name in the Create New Profile field and
generating a profile by selecting from either
the default settings or the currently used settings.
Available Profiles
To apply or delete a user profile do the following:
1. If the Available Profiles field is
populated left click on the drop down
arrow button. A list of previously
created profiles is displayed.
2. Select a profile from the list.
3. To apply a profile click the Apply
button. When a settings profile is
applied, the system updates the corresponding features on the
node where the profile was applied with the setting values stored in
the profile.
4. To delete a profile click the Delete button. When a profile is to be
deleted the system prompts to confirm, click the OK button to
confirm the profile deletion.

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 System

To view a user profile settings do the following:

1. With a profile setting displayed in
the Available Profiles field click the
View/Edit button. Any changes to
the default charting and route plan
settings for the selected profile are
displayed in the following window,
with the settings listed in two tab
folders; Editing and Selection.

The Editing tab shows the specific

changes made to the selected
profile and enables you to edit
these settings; the Selection tab
lists all the Charting and Route
Plan settings with the changed
settings ticked.

The list of charting and route plan

settings in User Profiles is
reflected in the following sub
menus:
• Chart Depths in the Charts
menu - for changes to
Charting settings
• Custom Features in the Charts menu - for changes to chart
engine settings
• Route Display Settings in the Routes menu - for changes to
route plans.

If Restore Defaults is applied to a selected user profile then the

Editing folder will be blank.

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To edit user profile settings do the following:

To change chart depth values:
1. Click in the required field (deep/shallow contour or safety depth),
the text becomes green (editable).
2. Move the trackball left to increase or right to increase the value,
with the required value entered left click to exit edit mode.
The IMO Display Option defines the level of
chart detail, the default option being Base.
The drop down arrow of the display option
lists the three chart feature sets shown in
Feature Set, with the addition of Plus
options for each set. Where custom
selections to a chart feature set are made in
User Profiles the Plus option for that set
must be selected (together with the Apply
Custom Features box ticked in Feature
Set) in order to display the chart selections
on screen.
To select custom charting and route plan
features:
1. Click in the tick box of the Charting
or Route Plan feature, or to change
the text scaling click in the Text
Scale Factor field and move the
trackball left or right to decrease or
increase the scaling. The maximum
text scale factor is 3.0.
2. Select the IMO display option from
the drop down arrow, i.e. if the
feature set is Base select Base
Plus.
3. Where custom settings have been
made click on the Save button. The
settings are saved under the selected profile and the folder returns
to Available Profiles. Or to cancel any setting changes click on the
Cancel button.

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 System

To select or deselect all charting and route plan features:

1. Click on the Selection tab. To select all the features in the list click
the Select All button, or to deselect all the features, including the
selected profile settings, click the Deselect All button.
2. Click the Save button to confirm selection changes, or click the
Cancel button to return to the previous screen.
To apply the user profile with edited charting and route plan features click
on the Apply button, if successful a temporary prompt appears confirming
profile application.
To restore all settings affected by a profile, to their default values on an
individual node click the Restore Defaults button. If successful a
temporary prompt appears confirming default settings have been restored.
Create New Profile
To create a new profile do the following
1. Left click in the Create New Profile field. The on-screen keypad
appears.
2. Enter a profile name, use the trackball to navigate to the relevant
alpha-numeric keys and left click. When a profile name has been
entered click the OK button on the keypad. The keypad is removed
and the name entered in the Create New Profile field.
3. To create the new profile from default settings click the
FromDefault Settings.. button. The settings list appears with all
chart and map features ticked in the Selection folder. To edit the
settings refer to Available Profiles. Click the Save button to save
the edited settings to the created profile.
Or
4. To create the new profile based on the currently selected setting
click the From Current Settings.. button. The current settings for
the profile selected in the Available Profiles list appear. To edit the
settings refer to Available Profiles. Click the Save button to save
the edited settings to the created profile.

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Options
Units
The Units folder provides a selection of
common unit groups, which are consistent
on every node. The unit groups are listed
below:
• Angle in degrees
• Angular Velocity in degrees per
minute
• Depth
• Long Distance
• Position latitude and longitude in
degrees, minutes and decimal
minutes (DD°MM.MMM')
• Short distance
• Speed
The unit settings currently enabled are
shown as read only. The units setting is
made by the field engineer during
configuration. For information on enabling
the selection of unit values and changing
the values on the Units folder see Chapters
4 and 5 of the VisionMaster Ship's Manual.

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 System

Time Management
The Time Management facility enables the
operator to input the date and time, set a
time zone offset from GMT and if available,
select a sensor source (e.g. GPS) as a time
source.
The Time Management window is divided
into the three area, these are:
• Current Time - displays UTC and
local time, (local time represents
time offset applied, if no time offset
has been applied then both UTC
and local time will be the same).
The local time is displayed in the
Position tab at the lower right of the
screen with any offset applied in
brackets.
• Local Offset - enables the input of
a local time offset from GMT in
either an East direction (offset
before GMT) or a West direction
(offset after GMT).
• Time Source - enables adjustment
of the date and time and selection of
a time source from either manual
entry or an external sensor source.
The selected time sensor is used by the system to synchronize the
time of all nodes.

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To set a local time offset do the following

1. Select the direction of the local time offset by clicking on the East
or West radio buttons.
2. Enter the required time offset by clicking in the Hours and Minutes
fields and moving the trackball to the right, left click again to exit
the edit mode.
3. With the correct offset displayed click the Apply button. The Local
time is adjusted to the time offset applied and the Position tab
shows the local time with the offset in brackets.

4. To toggle between the two time zones click on the Local/UTC

button to the right of the date field.
To set the time source do the following
1. To change the manual time source
click in the Manual date or time field,
a navigation window appears.
2. Click on the left and right arrows to
navigate to the data to be changed
and click on the up/down arrows to
change the date and time values.
3. When the correct date and time is
displayed click on the OK button, the navigation window is
removed and the date/time entered is show in the UTC current
time.
4. To change the time source from manual to an external source click
in the external source radio button.

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 System

Shutdown
The Shutdown facility enables the operator
to shut down or restart the system.

The Service Mode button is grayed

out, it is only available if the current
operator is logged on as a Service
Engineer.

Restart System is selected if any errors or

faults occur during the running of the
system. The system will power down and
restart.
Shutdown System is only selected when the operator requires to shut
down the system for a prolonged period of time.

247
Glossary

A
Acquisition Zone: A area on the video circle that has been defined by the
operator. Any target that enters this zone is automatically acquired
and tracked.
Activated Target: A symbol representing the automatic or manual
activation of a sleeping target for the display of additional
graphically presented information including: a vector (speed and
course over ground); the heading; and ROT or direction of turn
indication (if available) to display actually initiated course changes.
AFC: Automatic Frequency Control (fine tuning)
AIS: Automatic Identification System. A system capability which enables
ships and shore stations to obtain identifying and navigation
information about other ships at sea, using an automated
transponder.
Antenna: Slotted waveguide array for transmitting and receiving
microwave signals. 10cm S-band (9 or 12ft aperture) or 3cm X-
band (4, 6 or 8 ft aperture).
Anti-clutter: Also called Vision. Removal of unwanted reflections on the
radar screen caused by rain, sleet etc. (see Clutter).
ARCS: Admiralty Raster Chart Service. A service of British Admiralty,
suppliers of electronic charts with world coverage, in the HCRF
data format.
ARPA: Automatic Radar Plotting Aid – a system wherein radar targets are
automatically acquired and tracked and collision situations
computer assessed and warnings given.
ATA: Automatic Tracking Aid
AZ: Acquisition Zone
Azimuth (AZ): The number of degrees from North (or other reference
direction) that a line runs, measured clockwise.

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B
BA: British Admiralty.
BCR: Bow Crossing Range
BCT: Bow Crossing Time
BIST: Built-In Self-Test
BSB: BSB Electronic Charts. A supplier of raster-format electronic charts.
Electronic charts based on the paper charts supplied by NOAA or
CHS are available in the data format established by BSB.
Bulkhead Transceiver: Transmitter/Receiver mounted below decks with
microwave or co-axial connection to the Turning Unit.

C
C-MAP: C-Map Cartographic Service. Commercial supplier of vector-
format navigational charts, which are not fully compliant with
ECDIS standards as defined by IMO.
C UP: Course-up
CCRP: The Consistent Common Reference Point is a location on own ship,
to which all horizontal measurements such as target range,
bearing, relative course, relative speed, closest point of approach
(CPA) or time to closest point of approach (TCPA) are referenced,
typically the conning position of the bridge.
CD ROM: Compact Disk Read-Only Memory.
Checksum: A numeric value used to verify the integrity of a block of data.
When data is transmitted from point to point in a packet, the
sending computer counts the bytes and adds acheck digit at the
end of the packet. The receiving computer calculates the bytes
received and compares the sender's count with the receiver's count
to determine if there is any change that might indicate tampering
with the information.
CHS: Canadian Hydrographic Service
Clutter: Unwanted reflections on a radar screen, commonly from rain,
snow or sleet.
COG: Course Over Ground

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 Glossary

Course-up (C UP): Stabilised display – the ship’s bearing is shown at the

top of the video circle with 000° elsewhere on the circle
(representing True North).
CPA: Closest Point of Approach [to own ship]
CRT: Constant Radius Turn
CSE: CourSE [through water]

D
Datum: Any point, line, or surface used as a reference for a measurement
of another quantity.
DC: Digitized Chart. A data format for electronic charts that are made using
a digitizer device with paper navigational charts. On ships
equipped to make digitized charts, these charts can be used for
operating in areas for which electronic charts from official or
commercial sources are not available. Digitized charts do not
conform to any standards for chart display.
DGPS: Differential GPS (see also GPS). Position sensor intended for
precise commercial navigation in coastal waters. The DGPS
employs an additional receiver for the reception of correction
signals from a land-based transmitter to be applied to the satellite-
based GPS position information.
Display Unit: The Display Monitor, Processing Unit and Controls.
DnV: Det norske Veritas. Independent maritime organization performing
classification, certification, quality-assurance and in-service
inspection of ships and mobile offshore units with the objective of
safeguarding life, property and the environment.
DR: Dead Reckoning – A method of estimating the position of a ship
without astronomical observations, as by applying to a previously
determined position the course and distance traveled since.
DTG: Distance To Go. Distance to next action, such as a turn, while
running a Voyage Plan.

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E
EBL: Electronic Bearing Line. An EBL control is used to show the relative
or true bearing of a target on the display. The EBL is moved with
the cursor, and the bearing is read of the screen in degrees. One
end is always anchored, either at the center of the screen or at a
operator-defined point on the video circle.
ECDIS: Electronic Chart Display and Information System. A standard of the
International Maritime Organization (IMO), governing electronic
navigational systems.
ECS: Electronic Charting System. A chart display system that does not
comply fully with the ECDIS standard as defined by IMO.
ENC: Electronic Nautical Chart. Chart data conforming to specification
published in IHO Special Publication No. 57 (S57). Charts
complying with this specification are available from various
suppliers.
ERBL: Electronic Range and Bearing Line
ETA: Estimated Time of Arrival
ETD: Estimated Time of Departure
Extended Processor: This is a larger processor which houses two Radar
Processors and one Display Processor, and is also referred to as a
Dual Channel Processor.

F
FPD: Flat Panel Display

G
Gain: The ratio of the signal output of a system to the signal input of the
system expressed in dB. A gain of 10 would imply that the signal
power had increased by a factor of 10. There are two general
usages of the term in radar: (a) antenna gain (or gain factor) is the
ratio of the power transmitted along the beam axis to that of an
isotropic radiator transmitting the same total power; and(b) receiver

252
 Glossary

gain (or video gain) is the amplification given a signal by the

receiver.
GMT: Greenwich Mean Time. The international time standard, based on
local standard time at longitude 0º 0' 0" (in Greenwich, England).
Also called Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
GPS: Global Positioning System. A system by which receivers anywhere
on earth can obtain accurate position data. The term "GPS" is also
used to refer to the receiver device.
Great Circle (GC): A circle drawn around the Earth such that the center of
the circle is at the center of the Earth. Following such a circle plots
the shortest distance between any two points on the surface of the
Earth.
GZ: Guard Zone

H
H UP: Head-up
HCRF: Hydrographic Chart Raster Format. Electronic format used for BA­
ARCS charts.
HDG: Heading
Head-up (H UP): Unstabilised display – the ship’s heading marker is
always shown vertically upwards indicating straight ahead
movement.
Heading Line: Line that projects forward showing where own ship is
headed relative to the targets seen on the video circle.
Heading Marker: A heading marker on the display provides an important
reference to direction. When the antenna is pointing ahead, it
sends a pulse to the radar display that causes a line to show on the
screen that represents the vessel's head. You can refer echoes
displayed on the screen to your vessel's head and get the relative
bearing of the echo. If the heading marker is not pointing exactly
ahead, relative bearings will be wrong. You can quickly check for
any such mistake by heading toward a small prominent visible
object and see if the radar echo appears under the heading
marker.
HL: Heading Line

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HM: Heading Marker

HO: Hydrographic Office. Refers to any national hydrographic office.
HSC: Heading-to-Steer Command. Heading order sent to an autopilot from
an external electronic navigation aid, such as the ECDIS.

I
IHO: International Hydrographic Office. IHO has developed an ENC
product specification as the standard for ECDIS data, and has
published this specification in its Special Publication No. 57 (S-57).
Integral Transceiver: Transmitter/Receiver housed in the Turning Unit.
Interswitch Unit: Enables radar systems to be connected together so that
any Display Unit may be connected to any Scanner Unit.

K
Km: Kilometre (1000 metres)
Kt: Knot (one nautical mile per hour – 1.15 mph)

L
LAN: Local-Area Network
LCD: Liquid Crystal Display
Local Time Offset: Offset between local time and UTC.
Lost Target: A target representing the last valid position of a target before
its data was lost. The target is displayed by a “lost target” symbol.
LP: Long Pulse (available from 3 NM and upwards)

M
m: Metre
Magnetron: Device that is comprised of an electric circuit inside a strong
but variable magnetic field, designed to generate coherent
microwaves.

254
 Glossary

Master Display: A Master Display has complete control over a

Transceiver. A Transceiver can only have one Master Display. A
Master Display can only have one Transceiver.
MOB: Man overboard
Monitor: The viewing unit, a Flat Panel Monitor (also known as FPD or
LCD).
Multi-target Tote: A display panel showing details of multiple acquired
targets.

N
N UP: North-up
Navline Interface: Interface to Navline Maps facility.
NDI: Nautical Data International. Licensed distributor of CHS charts in the
BSB electronic format.
NIMA: National Imagery and Mapping Agency. An agency of the United
States government, supplying navigational charts to the United
States Navy.
NM: Nautical mile – The nautical mile is closely related to the geographical
mile which is defined as the length of one minute of arc on the
earth's equator. By international agreement, the nautical mile is
now defined as 1852 meters (1.15 standard miles).
NMEA: National Marine Electronics Association. An association of
manufacturers that has published widely used standards for
navigation and other marine sensor communication. Their
published standards include NMEA 0183, Standard for Interfacing
Marine Electronic Navigational Devices, Version 1.5, December
1987, and Version 2.0, January 1992. This standard is commonly
referred to as simply "NMEA 0183." The ECDIS is designed to use
messages from any navigation, weather, or machinery sensor that
conforms to this standard.
NOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Agency of the
US government, supplying navigational charts. NOAA charts are
available in the BSB electronic format.

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North-up (N UP): Stabilised display – the bearing scale shows 000° at the
top of the video circle (assumed to be True North). The ship’s
heading marker is shown at the appropriate bearing.

P
Parallel Index Lines (PI): A set of parallel lines placed on the video circle
to aid navigation.
Parity: An error-checking procedure in which the number of 1s must
always be the same – either even or odd – for each group of bits
transmitted without error.
Past Position Dots: Equally time-spaced past position marks of a tracked
or reported target and own ship. The co-ordinates used to display
past positions may be either relative or true.
PCB: Printed Circuit Board
PM: Performance Monitor
POS: Position
PPI: Plan Position Indicator
PRF: Pulse Repetition Frequency – the number of radar pulses transmitted
each second. The pulse transmission rate is automatically
lengthened for longer ranges.
PSU: Power Supply Unit

R
RADAR: Radio Detection and Ranging
RAM: Random Access Memory. Memory used in computer systems. RAM
is volatile memory, which does not hold data when the power is
turned off.
Range Rings: A set of concentric circles labeled by distance from the
central point, useful for judging distance (especially from own ship).
Relative Motion – Relative Trails: Own ship is shown at a fixed point in
the video circle (normally the centre). All target trails are shown
relative to own ship’s movement. This means stationary targets will
have trails if own ship is moving.

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 Glossary

Relative Motion – True Trails: Own ship is shown at a fixed point in the
video circle (usually the centre). Target trails show their direction.
Staionary targets do not produce trails
RF: Radio Frequency
Rhumb Line (RHL): A line on a sphere that cuts all meridians at the same
angle; the path taken by a ship or plane that maintains a constant
compass direction
RM(R): Relative Motion – Relative Trails
RM(T): Relative Motion – True Trails
ROT: Rate of Turn
Route: A set of waypoints that define the intended path of travel.
RR: Range Rings

S
S-band: The S-band, or 10 cm radar short-band, is the part of the
microwave band of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging roughly
from 1.55 to 5.2 GHz.
S57: Internationally accepted standard for electronic charts in the ENC
vector-format. ENC data is standardized according to ECDIS
specifications published in IHO Special Publication No. 57. Charts
complying with this specification are available from various
suppliers.
SART: Search and Rescue Transponder
Scanner Control Unit: A unit which switches power to the S-band Turning
Unit, under the control of the Display.
Scanner Unit: Comprises the Antenna and Turning Unit.
SCU: Scanner Control Unit
SENC: System Electronic Navigational Chart (SENC) means a database
resulting from the transformation of the ENC by ECDIS for
appropriate use, updates to the ENC by appropriate means, and
other data added by the mariner. It is this database that is actually
accessed by ECDIS for the display generation and other

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navigational functions, and is the equivalent to an up-to-date paper

chart. The SENC may also contain information from other sources.
SL: Stern Line
Slave Display: Display that is used to observe a radar image. It has limited
functionality.
Sleeping Target: A target symbol indicating the presence and orientation
of a vessel equipped with AIS in a certain location. No additional
information is presented until activated thus avoiding information
overload.
sm: Statute mile – A mile as measured on land, 5,280 feet or 1.6
kilometers. Distances at sea are measured in nautical miles.
SOG: Speed Over the Ground. Actual measured speed of advance of a
vessel over the surface of the earth.
SOLAS: Safety of Life At Sea. A set of conventions adopted by the IMO
and all of its signatory countries in 1974. These conventions
regulate many of the features of ships used in international trade,
including navigation equipment and its functionality.
STBD: Starboard
STD: Standard Display. The standard set of chart objects (buoy
information, conspicuous landmarks, etc.) specified for ECDIS
display, in compliance with IMO standards.
Stern Line: A line, drawn across the video circle, showing the stern,s
direction. A stern line can be useful when ownship is backing into
port or harbour.
STW: Speed Through Water. Ship's speed, as measured relative to the
water.

T
T BRG: Target Bearing/True Bearing
Target: Object of interest on a radar display. Targets can be labelled
(acquired) and tracked.
TCPA: Time to Closest Point of Approach [to own ship]
TM: True Motion

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 Glossary

Trial Manoeuvre: Facility used to assist the operator to perform a

proposed manoeuvre for navigation and collision avoidance
purposes, by displaying the predicted future status of all tracked
and AIS targets as a result of own ship’s simulated manoeuvres.
Trigger PCB: A control board housed in the Transceiver. It controls the
Modulator, Magnetron and sends signals to the Display to indicate
when the magnetron has fired a pulse.
True Motion: Own ship moves across the video circle. Stationary targets
do not produce trails.
TTG: Time To Go. Time to next action, such as a turn, while running a
Voyage Plan.
TTMG: Track To Make Good. In the context of the ECDIS, TTMG denotes
a temporary plan which may be activated at any time, and which by
default consists of a 500 nm track line on present heading.
Turning Unit: Contains the Antenna rotation motor, the microwave rotary
joint, and may contain an integral Transceiver.
TX BIST: Transceiver Built-In Self Test
TX COMMS: Transceiver Communications

U
UTC:Universal Time Coordinated – the international standard of time, kept
by atomic clocks around the world. Formerly known as Greenwich
Mean Time (GMT), local time at zero degrees longitude at the
Greenwich Observatory, England. UTC uses a 24-hour clock.

V
Variable Range Marker (VRM): An adjustable range ring used to measure
the distance to a target. When the VRM is adjusted over the
leading edge of a return with the cursor control, the distance to the
object is shown on the screen.
Vector: Direct connection between two points, either given as two sets of
coordinates (points), by direction and distance from one given set
of coordinates (True Vector), or a point in a vector space defined

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by one set of coordinates relative to the origin of a coordinate

system (Relative Vector).
Video Circle: The area on the Display that shows the radar image.
Vision: see Anti-clutter

W
Watch Alarm: The purpose of a watch alarm system is to monitor bridge
activity and detect operator disability which could lead to marine
accidents. The system monitors the awareness of the Officer of the
Watch (OOW) and automatically alerts the Master or another
qualified OOW if for any reason the OOW becomes incapable of
performing theOOW's duties. This purpose is achieved by a series
of indications and alarms to alert first the OOW and, if he is not
responding, then to alert the Master or another qualified OOW.
Additionally, the watch alarm may provide the OOW with a means
of calling for immediate assistance if required. The watch alarm
should be operational whenever the ship's heading or track control
system is engaged, unless inhibited by the Master.
Waypoint: A geographical location (for example, latitude and longitude) on
a route indicating a significant event on a vessel’s planned route
(for example, course alteration point, calling in point, etc.).
WGS-84: World Geodetic System 1984. Chart datum specified in
accordance with the IMO ECDIS standard.
Wobbulation: Low frequency modulation of the Pulse Repitition Frequency
(PRF) to help suppress interference.

X
X-band: The X-band (3 cm radar spot-band) of the microwave band of the
electromagnetic spectrum roughly ranges from 5.2–10.9 GHz. The
relative short wavelength at X-band frequencies makes possible
high-resolution imaging radars for target identification and target
discrimination.
XTE: Cross-Track Error. The distance by which the ship's actual position
deviates left or right from the Voyage Plan track.

260
Index
A chart engines.........193, 195
Chapter
acquisition 15zones custom features .................193
limits...................................170 feature set..................187, 188
acquisition zones....................150 fill mode .............................186
acquisition zones....................170 formats...............................195
alarms legend
acknowledging ...................103 component.....................197
display................................105 selection ........................197
list of radar alarms .............108 update ...........................197
prompts..............................107 legend ................................197
types of radar alarm...103, 105 permissions .......................192
alarms ....................................102 updates summary ..............191
Automatic Identification System charts .....................................185
(AIS) cursor display...........................22
target display .....................163 cursor icons..............................15
target states ...............152, 159 D
target symbols ...................152 day and night modes..............235
Automatic Identification System E
(AIS)...................................159
EBLs & ERBLs.......139, 141, 147
Automatic Identification System
electronic bearing lines .139, 141,
(AIS)...................................173
147
B
H
beam line................................244
heading
brilliance groups .....................236
display..................................33
C
modes ..................................66
center max view button ............28
heading ....................................66
centering the picture ................32
heading line..............................33
charts
I
chart match ........................190
index lines ................................78
chart query.........................202
M
custom features
mapping objects

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creating, editing & deleting ..86 route plans

display map groups..............94 external ..............................116
groups ..................................85 internal
importing, exporting .............95 creating and editing .......118
navigation marks..................97 internal ...............................116
mapping objects .......................84 route plans .............................116
maximum view .........................32 S
monitoring routes ...................132 sensor management
motion mode button .................69 course over ground..............56
motion modes.................... 65, 69 depth source ........................61
O Heading................................53
off-centering the picture ...........28 indicator ...............................50
Own Ship symbol .....................34 manual entry ........................64
own ship vector ............... 34, 244 position.................................58
P Set & Drift ............................62
parallel index lines....................78 speed over ground...............57
past position dots ...................166 speed through water ............55
presentation mode button ........66 sensor management ................49
presentation modes........... 65, 66 sensor management ................51
pulse length button...................37 ship's heading and speed ........49
Q ship's profile .............................34
Query chart............ 202, 203, 205 standby mode...........................12
R start up .....................................11
radar settings synthetics button ......................44
alarms ................................180 system ....................................2, 4
fine tuning ..........................178 system settings
interswitch control ..............183 beam line ...........................244
interswitch status ...............184 profiles
radar settings ...........................36 available profiles............240
range rings ...............................27 create new profile ..........240
range scales .............................26 profiles ...............................240
Route plan restart system ....................247
monitoring and editing .......132 shutdown system ...............247

262
 Index

task view (navigation options) auto drop............................150

.......................................244 cancelling a target .............150
units ...................................244 manually tracking a target .150
system settings ......................239 monitoring symbols............152
T parameters ........................163
targets track history ...............156, 166
acquisition & cancellation ..150 tracking ..................................150
acquisition zones ...............170 trail modes .........................65, 74
AIS transceiver
change to sleeping ........159 fine tuning ..........................178
ownership ......................173 S-band .................................36
AIS .....................................159 X-band .................................36
AIS .....................................173 transceiver ...............................36
association limits................174 Transmit mode ...................14, 18
data ....................156, 157, 163 trial manoeuvre ........................45
display................................163 U
information .........................156 units........................................244
monitoring V
symbols .........................152 variable range markers ..........144
monitoring ..........................152 vector modes .....................65, 71
past position dots...............166 vector ownship .......................244
test targets .........................167 vector time ...............................71
tracking parameters ...........163 video processing controls ........41
targets ....................................149 VRM .......................................144
tools..........................................77 W
track control............................150 warnings.................................102
tracking waypoints ...............................118

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Chart Radar User Guide

Addendum

UDP : User Datagram Protocol

Connectionless Transport Protocool

SOAP :

Simple Object Access Protocol

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