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CURRICULUM FOR TWO-YEAR

ASSOCIATE DEGREE / BS (4-YEAR) IN
POLITICAL SCIENCES
2023 AND ONWARDS

DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

& PAKISTAN STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
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Department of Political Science Chakdara Dir (L)

& Pakistan Studies Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,
University of Malakand Pakistan.Phone.09459250557
Extension No. 3116 [email protected]

UOM/P.SC&P. S/2023/469 _ ___________________ _ Date. 19/09/2023

Subject: Minutes of the Meeting of the 4th Board of Studies, Department of Political
Science & Pakistan Studies, University of Malakand Held September 19, 2023

The 4th Meeting of the Board of Studies of the Department of Political Science & Pakistan Studies,
University of Malakand was held on 19 September 2023, in the office of the Chairman Department of
Political Science & Pakistan Studies, University of Malakand.
The following attended the meeting.
1. Prof. Dr. Arab Naz, Dean Faculty of Social Sciences Convener
2. Dr. Murad Ali, Member
3. Mr. Hamid Ul Haq, UOM Member
4. Dr. Usman Khan, UOM Member
5. Mr. Sajid Khan, UOM Member
6. Mr. Mairaj ul Hamid, UOM Member
7. Dr. Amir Ullah Khan, Associate Professor, Member
Department of Political Science Islamia College University, Peshawar
8. Dr. Wajid Mehmood Khattak, Assistant Professor, Member
Department of Political Science, FATA University Dara Adam Khel Member
9. Dr. Bakhtiar Khan, Assistant Professor Member
Department of Political Science, University of Buner
10. Dr. Sarfaraz Khan, Assistant Professor, Member
Department of Pakistan Studies, University of Swat

Few verses from the Holy Quran were recited. Prof. Dr. Arab Naz Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences
welcomed all board members and briefed them on the agenda items for the meeting. The agenda items and
decisions are as follow:
Agenda Items:
1. Approval of Revised Scheme of Studie for Associate Degree/BS (4-year) in Political
Science (as per HEC Undergraduate Policy for Political Science, 2023)
2. Approval of Students Study Trips in BS Courses.
3. Approval of additional courses for students enrolled in affiliated colleges who are
unable to do Internship/Research Project

Agenda Items 01: Approval of Revised Scheme of Studies for Associate Degree/BS (4-year) in Political
Science (as per HEC Undergraduate Policy for Political Science, 2023)
The agenda was presented by the HOD, and the scheme was discussed in detail. All the relevant documents
were shared, discussed, and it was unanimously agreed to adopt the revised scheme for associate degree
/BS (4-year) program in Political Science as proposed by UoM per the HEC Undergraduate Policy 2023 as
per the guidelines received from the Higher education Commission. The same was also recommended for
consideration of the BOF.
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Agenda Item 02: Approval of students’ Study Trips in BS Courses

The study tours were proposed in the subject of “PSC-245. Pakistan Movement” and “PSC-473.
Governance in Pakistan” by the department. The same were discussed and it was suggested that Three days
study tour may be recommended to Lahore: Badshahi Mosque, Museum, Shahi Fort, Minar e Pakistan etc
in the course of PSC-245 while one day trip may be given in the subject of PSC-473 to enable students to
visit key policymaking and judicial institutions in Islamabad. The BOS also recommended the same for
consideration of the BOF.

The BOS also suggested that proper details for internship shall be given in the detailed syllabus for
consideration of the BOF.
The meeting ended with a vote of thanks to the chair.

HOD
Department of Political Science

Countersigned by
Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences
University of Malakand

Copy to:
File for record
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LAYOUT
General Ed Courses Interdisciplinary Courses Major Courses/ Field Work/ Research
Project
12 Courses 4 Courses 27 Courses / Field Work & Research
30 Credit hours 12 90 Credit hours
Credit Hours
Subject Credit Subject Credit Subject Credit
Hours Hours Hours
1. Functional English 03 SOC 223 Applied 03 PSC 122 Introduction to State
2. Introduction to Sociology/ Social PSC 123 Political Institutions 03
Expository Writing 03 Problems of Pakistan 03 PSC 124 New Media &
3. Introduction to 2.Introduction to Politics 03
Geology 03 legal System of PSC 231 Political Systems of
4.PSC 111 Ideology Pakistan 03 UK and USA, France & 03
and Constitution of 02 PSC 356 Strategic 03 Russia
Pakistan Studies PSC 235 Political Geography
5. Quantitative PSC 365 Indo-Pak PSC 241 Political Systems of 03
Reasoning-I 03 History China, India and Turkey
(Mathematics) PSC 242 Federalism and 03
6. ISL 112 Islamic 02 National Integration
Studies/Ethics PSC 243 History of 03
7. Quantitative 03 International Relations
Reasoning-II PSC 245 Pakistan Movement 03
(Statistics) 02 PSC 246 Strategies for
8.Islamic History/ 03 Sustainable Development 03
ISL 113. ‫سیرت رسول‬ PSC 351 Western Political
‫ﷺ اور اس کی عصری‬ Philosophy: Ancient 03
‫معنویت‬ PSC 352 Muslim political
Seerah and its Philosophy: Medieval 03
Contemporary PSC 353 Comparative and
Application 02 Developmental Politics 03
02 PSC 354 Politics of
9. Introduction to 02 Globalization 03
Information & PSC 355 Introduction to
Communication International Relations 03
Technologies (ICT) PSC 357 Political Economy
10.Human Rights 03
of CPEC
11. Entrepreneurship
PSC 361 Western political
12. Introduction to 03
Philosophy: Modern
Journalism and Mass
PSC 362 Muslim Political
Communication 03
Philosophy: Contemporary
PSC 363 Principles of Public
Administration 03
PSC 364 Pakistan in World
Affairs 03
PSC 471 Research
Methodology 03
PSC 472 Ethnicity, Identity
and Conflict 03
PSC 473 Governance in
Pakistan 03
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PSC 474 Foreign Policy

Analysis: US, China, Pakistan 03
and India
PSC 475 Electoral Structure
and Process in Pakistan 03
PSC 476 Contemporary
Development Issues
PSC 481 International Law 03
and Organizations
PSC 482 Civil and Military 03
Bureaucracy in Pakistan
PSC 483 Local Government 03
in Pakistan
PSC 484 Politics in the Middle 03
East
PSC 366 Field Experience/ 03
Internship
PSC 500 Capstone 03
Project/Research Thesis
30 12 90
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SCHEME OF STUDY FOR TWO-YEAR ASSOCIATE DEGREE/BS (4-YEAR) IN

POLITICAL SCIENCE

Semester -I
Code.
ENG 101 Functional English 03 General Edu.

SOC 223 Social Problems of Pakistan 03 Inter-Disp.

1. QR 101 Quantitative Reasoning-I (Mathematics) 03 General Edu.

GS 117/CHEM General Science/ Chemistry in Everyday Life/Plant 03 General Edu.
110/BOT 112 Sciences

2. ISL 112/ETH Islamic Studies/ Ethics ( for Non-Muslims) 02 General Edu

118
PSC 112 Fundamentals of Political Science 03 Major
Teaching of the Holy Quran with Translation Non-credit
Credit hours 17
nd
Semester-2
ENG 102 Introduction to Expository Writing 03 General Edu.

PSC 111 Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan 02 General Edu.

ISL 113 ‫سیرت رسول ﷺ اور اس کی عصری معنویت‬ 02 General Edu.

Seerah and its Contemporary Application/Any course from
arts & humanities can be opted for non-Muslims
1. PSC 122 Introduction to State 03 Major
2. PSC 123 Political Institutions 03 Major
3. PSC 124 New Media and Politics 03 Major
4. Teaching of the Holy Quran with Translation Non-credit
Credit hours 16
➢

Semeser-3rd
QR 102 Quantitative Reasoning-II (Statistics) 03 General Edu.

CS 110 Introduction to Information and Communication 02+1 General Edu.

1. Technologies
2. PSC 231 Political Systems of Developed Countries: UK, USA, 03 Major
France and Russia
3. PSC 235 Political Geography 03 Major
MGT 215 Entrepreneurship 02 General Edu.

LLB 124 Introduction to Legal system of Pakistan 03 Inter-Disp

Teaching of the Holy Quran with Translation Non-credit

Credit Hours 17
➢ Semester-4th
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1. PSC 241 Political Systems of Developing Countries: China, 03 Major

India, Turkey and Iran
PSC 242 Federalism and National Integration 03 Major

2. PSC 243 History of International Relations 03 Major

SOC 231 Human Rights 02 General Edu.

JMC 115 Introduction to Mass Communication 02 General Edu.

3. PSC 245 Pakistan Movement 03 Major

4. Teaching of the Holy Quran with Translation Non-credit
Credit Hours 16

YEAR 3
SEMESTER-V
3. PSC 351 Western Political Philosophy: Ancient 03 Major

4. PSC 352 Muslim Political Philosophy: Medieval 03 Major

PSC 353 Comparative and Developmental Politics 03 Major

PSC 354 Politics of Globalization 03 Major

PSC 355 Introduction to International Relations 03 Major

PSC 356 Strategic Studies 03 Major

Teaching of the Holy Quran with Translation Non-credit

Credits Hours 18

Semester- VI

5. PSC 361 Western Political Philosophy: Modern 03 Major

PSC 362 Muslim Political Philosophy: Contemporary 03 Major

6. PSC 363 Principles of Public Administration 03 Major

7. PSC 364 Pakistan in World Affairs 03 Major

8. PSC 365 Indo-Pak History 03 Inter-Disp

PSC 366 Field Experience/Internship 03 Major

Teaching of the Holy Quran with Translation Non-credit

Credit Hours 18

Semester-VII YEAR 4

4. PSC 471 Research Methodology 03 Major

5. PSC 472 Ethnicity, Identity and Conflict 03 Major
6. PSC 473 Governance in Pakistan 03 Major
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PSC 474 Foreign Policy Analysis: US, China, Pakistan and 03 Major
India
PSC 475 Electoral Structure and Political Process in Pakistan 03 Major

Teaching of the Holy Quran with Translation Non-credit

Credits Hours 15
5. Semester-VIII
6. PSC 481 International Law and Organizations 03 Major
7. PSC 482 Civil and Military Bureaucracy in Pakistan 03 Major
PSC 483 Local Government in Pakistan 03 Major

PSC 484 Politics in the Middle East 03 Major

PSC 500 Capstone Project/Research Thesis 03 Major

Teaching of the Holy Quran with Translation Non-credit

Credits Hours 15

Note:
Courses included in the General Education Category are designed by the respective
departments including their course codes, credit hours and titles (reflected in the scheme of
studies). All such courses approved by the Syndicate are available on the university website.
For any query the office of the Registrar Academics may be approached for
clarification/guidance.
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Course Title: Fundamentals of Political Science Credit Hours: 03+0

Code: PSC 112 Total Marks: 100

Course Introduction:
Fundamental of Political Science provides an introduction to the scientific study of politics. It offers the
basic tools necessary for beginners to become both critical consumers and beginning producers of scientific
research on politics. It further deals with the basic concepts and terminologies used in Political science
which are necessary for the students in advanced learning in the subject of Political Science.

Learning Objectives:
The course is designed in order to introduce students with the fundamentals of the subject and prepare them
for advance studies in coming semesters. The objective of the course is to make the students familiar with
the basic concepts and terminologies used in Political Science.
Contents
1. Definitions, Scope, Nature, and Significance of Political Science
2. Evolution of the Discipline of Political Science
a. Definitions of State
b. State and its elements
c. Kinds of State
d. Confederation and Federation
e. Protectorate and Vassal
f. Unitary and Federal

3. Relations of Political Science with other Social Sciences

a. (An interdisciplinary approach)
b. History, Economics, Geography, Law, Logic, Sociology, Anthropology and Psychology

4. Basic concepts of Political Science

a. Power, Authority and Legitimacy
b. Nation and Sovereignty
c. Law, Liberty, Rights and Duties
d. Public opinion and Propaganda.
Suggested Readings:
1. Sarwar, M. (1996). Introduction to Political Science. Lahore: Ilmi Kutub Khana.
2. Haq, M. U. (1996). Theory and Practice in Political Science, Lahore: Book land.

APPLIED SOCIOLOGY/SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN

Course Code: SOC 223 Credit Hours: 3
Course Objectives: This survey course studies major social problems in contemporary society, their nature,
development, social causes, and possible solutions with an emphasis on the intersection of social identities
including, but not limited to race, class, gender, and sexuality. Various topics include the impact of poverty,
crime, drug addiction and prejudice etc. on the individual and society.
Introduction:
• Introduction and definition,
• Sociological explanation of social problem,
• Various steps for the solution of social problem,
9|Page

Contemporary Major Social Problems in Pakistan

Population growth, Poverty, Unemployment, Drug addiction, Crime and juvenile delinquency,
Urbanization, Illiteracy, Gender disparity, Child labor, Sectarianism, Age and ageism,
Environmental degradation, Political instability, Terrorism and Extremism, Extortion and
Vandalism, Social Inequality, Gender based Violence, Corruption

Suggested Readings:
Chaudhry, Muhammad Iqbal (2000) Pakistani society, Lahore 2)Social problem James Hensiln.
Social problem by Frank R. Scarpatti 4)Social problems by Abdul Hamid Tagga
Eitzen, D. S. (2013).Social Problems. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.
Ginsberg, L. H., & Miller-Cribbs, J. (2005). Understanding social problems, policies, and programs. Univ
of South Carolina Press.

SEMESTER 2nd

Course Title: Introduction to State Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 122 Total Marks: 100

Course description:
Introduction to state emphasizes on functional aspects of politics in a society. The students will be enabled
to understand the various forms of state and government, functioning of the Political system and study its
various components and actors influencing this functioning. This course also deals with the theories
concerning origin and evolution of state. It further deals with the praxis of political ideologies in a state.
Moreover, introduction to state gives an introduction to the regional and international organizations that
affect behaviors of the states.

Learning Objectives:
This course enables the students to understand the basic concept of state, its evolution and different theories
about the evolution, government, and various forms of state i.e. government. The course also educates the
students about political ideologies and regional/international organizations.
Course Contents

1. Definitions of State
2. Origin and Evolution of State (Analysis of Framework)
a. Theories of evolution of state
b. Divine Theory
c. Patriarchal Theory
d. Matriarchal Theory
e. Force Theory
f. Marxist Theory
g. Social Contract Theory
h. Greek City States
i. Western concept of state
j. Islamic concept of state
3. Political Ideologies:
a. Idealism
b. Islamism
c. Marxism
d. Nationalism
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e. Secularism
f. Feminism

Suggested Readings:

(1) Haq, M. U. (1996). Theory and practice in Political Science, Lahore: Bookland.
(2) Muhammad Sarwar, M. (1996). Introduction to Political Science, Lahore: Ilmi Kutub Khana
(3) Mahajan, V.D. (2006). Political Theory, New Delhi, S. Chand & Co.

Course Title: Political Institutions Credit. Hr 03

Code: PSC 123 Marks: 100
Course description:
Political institutions are the central themes of Political Science. This course study political institutions
functioning in a state. It deals with the branches of government, structure of the government, and its
functions and role. It also discusses political systems and its characteristics and functions. It further
describes various forces that work within the political system.

Learning Objectives:
This course mainly focuses on conceptual analysis of political ideologies and its praxis in the society.
Emphasis is made to enable the students to understand the role, functions and structure of political
institutions existing within the state.

Course Contents:

1. Government and its various organs

a. Legislature, Executive, Judiciary and Media
b. Theory of Separation of Powers/Checks and Balance

2. Forms of government
a. Monarchy and Aristocracy
b. Democracy: Presidential and Parliamentary
c. Dictatorships: Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism with special reference to Nazism and
Fascism
3. Constitution: Definitions, sources, kinds, and reformation
4. Political participation and representation
a. Political Parties: Types, systems, Structures, Functions,
b. Interest Groups: Types, Functions, Relationship with Political Parties.
Suggested Readings:
1. Agarwal, R.C. (2006). Political theory (Principles of Pol. Science), New Delhi: S. Chand &
Co.
2. Sarwar, M. (1996). Introduction to Political Science. Lahore: Ilmi Kutub Khana.
3. Haq, M. U. (1996). Theory and Practice in Political Science, Lahore: Book land.

Course Title: New Media and Politics Credit Hours: 03

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Course Code: PSC 124 Marks: 100

Course Introduction:
The diffusion of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) facilitated the rise of new media,
which enormously influenced political institutions, activities, processes and behaviour. Through the
development and dissemination of this new media a drastic change is evident in the way politics is done in
modern times. Such a change is discernible in political relations, party politics, government functioning,
resistance movements, political mobilization, electoral campaigning, etc. There is a need to understand how
the new media has influenced politics in contemporary world. Moreover, there is a need to see how such a
change is discernible in Politics around the world and particularly in developing world. This course aims at
developing such an understanding.

Learning Objectives:
Through this course the students will be able to develop theoretical as well as empirical skills to understand
the relationship among technology, media and politics. They will be able to reflect on the role of new media
in democratic politics such as electoral campaigning, participatory governance, political mobilization, etc.
They will also be able to critically evaluate this usage around the world.

Contents:
1. The Information Age: Technology, Society and Change
a. Technology and Social Change: Technological Determinism and Social Constructivism
b. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Change: The Rise of Network
Society.
c. New Media and Political Transformation.
2. New Media and Democratic Governance
a. New Media and Prospects of Democratization
b. New Media, Democratic institutions and practices: Evidence from around the world.
3. New Media, Political Movements and Campaigning
a. Social Media and Activism.
b. Social and Political Movements and mobilization.
c. Political Parties, Electoral campaigning, and New Media.
3. Developing World, New Media, and Politics
a. Democratic Institutions, Processes and New Media in Developing World Case Studies of
Middle East, India, Pakistan
Suggested Readings:
1. Johnson, Deborah, G. and Wetmore, Jameson, M. (2009) Technology and Society: Building our
Sociotechnical Future. The MIT Press: Cambridge. (Introduction).
2. Chadwick, Andrew. (2006). Internet Politics: Some Conceptual Tools. In Internet Politics: States,
Citizens and New Communication Technologies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp. 17-37.
3. Webster, Frank. (2001). A New Politics. In Culture and Politics in the Information Age: A new politics?
London: Routledge. Pp. 1-14.

3rd SEMESTER
Course Title: Political Systems of Developed Countries: UK, USA, France and Russia
Credit Hours: 03
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Code: PSC 231 Total Marks: 100

Course Description:
The course has been designed to acquaint the students with the political systems of the US, UK, France and
Russia’s political systems are known for its uniqueness of federal and unitary nature. These systems have
accommodated themselves with the changing trends that have taken place in the world. This course is
designed to study these two systems in a manner to understand their history, ideology, formal and informal
political institutions, and the process of political development. The countries under reference are to be
studied in the lines of functional, structural, and systemic models of comparative politics with reference to
current writing on modernization and development.
Learning Objectives:
This course intends to make a comparative & analytical study of the political systems of UK, USA, France
and Russia. It enables the students to understand political culture, political process, and interaction among
various political & governmental forces, social & economic basis of politics, policy making & politics of
pluralism, ethnicity & diversity.

Contents:
a. Historical background and development.
b. Constitutional /legal foundations of the system.
c. Salient features
d. Functions of the organs of the Governments
e. Political parties and pressure groups, functioning of the organs of the government.
f. Local government: structure and functions
Suggested Readings:
Edward S. Corwin, E. S. (1986). The President Office and Powers. New York: University Press
Palmer, N. D. (1967). The Indian Political System. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Macridis, R. C. (1955). The Study of Comparative Government. New York: Random House
Macridis, R. C. (1955). Modern Political Systems. New York: Prentice Hall Inc.

Course Title: Political Geography Credit Hours: 03

Course Code: PSC 235 Marks: 100

Course Description:
The course is designed to understand the development of group identities such as nations and examine the
linkages between these identities and the political organization of territory. To examine the ‘functional
approach’ to states with an emphasis on how internal and external forces work centripetally and
centrifugally on the integrity of state territories. It aims to develop an appreciation for the effects of
boundaries on economic, political, and social processes.
Learning Outcomes
This course tries to achieve an understanding of the ideas that legitimizes the governance of territories by
certain groups and/or individuals. It traces the evolution of geopolitical ideas. Further its identity the
political, economic, and environmental forces that are undermining the modern nation-state system.
Contents
a. Political geography: definition, scope, and its significance
b. Political division of the world (continents and regions)
c. Internal and External Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces
d. Frontiers and Boundaries (electoral geography)
e. Significance of Territory
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f. Geopolitics and its theories

g. The Break-Down of the Nation-State
h. Global Political Economy
i. Global Environmental Issues
j. Geography as a determining factor in Pakistan’s Foreign policy
Suggested Readings
1. Murphy, B. A. (1991). Regions as social constructs: The gap between theory and practice. Progress in
Human Geography 15 (1): 22-35.
2. Flint, Colin. Taylor, Peter J. (2018). Political Geography: World Economy, Nation State, and Locality:
Taylor & Francis.
3. Agnew, John. etal. (2003). Companion to Political Geography: Blackwell Publishing.

4TH SEMESTER

Course Title Political Systems of Developing Countries: China, India, Turkey and Iran
Credit Hours: 03
Code: PSC 241 Marks: 100

Course Introduction:
The course has been designed to acquaint the students with the political systems of China, India and Turkey.
These systems are known as developing political systems since they are passing through transitionary stage.
These systems try to accommodate itself with the changing trends that are taking place in the world. This
course is designed to study these systems in a manner to understand their history, ideology, formal and
informal political institutions and the process of political development. The countries under reference are
to be studied in the lines of functional, structural, and systemic models of comparative politics with
reference to current writing on modernization and development.

Learning Outcomes:
This course intends to make a comparative & analytical study of the political systems of China, India and
Turkey. It enables the students to understand political culture, political process, and interaction among
various political & governmental forces, social & economic basis of politics, policy making & politics of
pluralism, ethnicity & diversity.
Course Contents
a. Historical background and development
b. Constitutional/legal foundations of the system
c. Political process:
i. Political parties and pressure groups.
ii. Functioning of the organs of the government: legislature, Executive and judiciary
d. Political environmental factors influencing the politics such as geographic, socio-economic,
e. International scenario, media etc.
a. Political culture: Salient features, public participation, ideological Orientations, nature
of civil-military relations.
Suggested Readings:
1. Basu, D.D. (1985). Introduction to the Constitution of India, New Delhi, Prentice-Hall, 11th edition,
2. Ergun Ozbudun, E. (2000). Contemporary Turkish Politics: Challenges to Democratic Consolidation,
Lynner: Lienner.
3. Dreyer, J. T. (2011). China’s Political System: Modernization and Tradition, Longman
14 | P a g e

Course Title: Federalism and National Integration Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 242 Marks: 100

Course Description
Several states in the world have adopted the principle of federalism as their state organization. Federalism
is regarded as the panacea of separatism and alienation of the smaller communities in a state. Federalism
best suits to the aspiration, and demand of citizens living in a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual and multi-nationals
state set-up. Federation is the best course to address the issues, conflicts and demands of multiple
communities within a state, thus ensuring national integration.
Learning Outcomes
This course is designed to:
• Educate the students about federalism and its significance for a diverse society
• Understand the evolution of federalism in the world especially the United States and Russian
Federation
• Enable the students to identify the issues in a federal polity.
Course contents
a. Federalism and federation
b. An historical evolution of the federation
c. Theories of federalism
d. Democratic federalism: does it ensure democracy?
e. Federalism and National Integration
f. The US model.
g. The Russian Model
h. Canadian Model
i. Indian Model
j. Federalism in Pakistan: history, prospects, and challenges
Suggested Readings:
• Faiz, A. (2015). Making Federation Work: Federalism in Pakistan After the 18th Amendment.
Oxford University Press.
• Jaffrelot, C. (2015). The Pakistan paradox: Instability and resilience. Oxford University Press.

Course Title History of International Relations Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 243 Marks: 100
Course Introduction
Relations among states are the consequence of national, regional, and transnational events. International
relations deal with the forces which cause change in the national and world stage. Moreover, the changes
which take place today have roots in the history as well. International Relations as a discipline studies
international systems, state relations, foreign policy, diplomacy, and power politics at large in its historical
perspectives. History of international relations study the evolution of state relations, wars, world order and
forces making the world history.
Learning Outcomes
The course enables the students to orient and inform them regarding the origins, structures, processes of
world history. It will also enlighten them about the global issues surrounding key international institutions,
processes, politics, economic policies, foreign policy, diplomacy, and wars.
Contents:
a. Origin and development of International Relations.
b. Treaty of Westphalia 1648
15 | P a g e

c. Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe

d. The Ottoman Caliphate
e. International Relations between the two world wars.
f. Russian Revolution
g. League of Nations
h. Fascism
i. Origin and causes of World Wars l and ll;
j. Developments in International Politics in the Post-World War -ll era
k. Origin and causes of the Cold War.
l. End of Cold War and its implications.
m. Collapse of the Soviet Union and the New World Order.
n. Characteristics of the International Politics after 9/11.
o. Role of non-state actors
p. Terrorism
q. Religion and Politics
Suggested Readings:
1. Clonton, D.W. (1994). The Two Faces of National Interest, Baton Rouge, and Louisiana State University
Press.
2. Holsti, K.J. (2004). International Politics: A Framework for Analysis, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2004.

Course Title: Pakistan Movement Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 245 Marks: 100

Course Description
The movement that led to the formation and establishment of Pakistan is of immense importance for the
citizens of Pakistan. The course i.e., Pakistan movement is designed to understand the genesis of Pakistan
movement. It tries to make an in-depth examination of the political, constitutional, social, cultural, and
economic forces leading to the establishment of Pakistan. Ideology of Pakistan and its emergence and
significance in the political and constitutional development of Pakistan since 1947, the role of judiciary,
civil and military bureaucracy, political parties, and the role of civil society are the focus of this course.
Causes of frequent constitutional breakdown and the performance of civil and military governments will
be taken specifically.
Learning Objectives:
This course enriches the students with the historical roots, background, establishment, and formation of
Pakistan as an independent sovereign state. It aims to understand the students about the forces, causes and
events that led to the creation of Pakistan.
Contents
a. The government of India Act 1935
b. The 1937 election and Congress Rule
c. The Lahore Resolution, 1940
d. The Cripps Mission, 1942
e. The Quit India Movement, 1942
f. The Gandhi Jinnah talks, 1944.
g. The Simla Conference 1945 and elections 1946
h. The Cabinet Mission Plan, 1946
i. The 3rd June Plan
j. The Indian Independence Act, 1947
k. The Radcliff Award
l. Role of the majority provinces
m. Quaid-e-Azam as the first governor general of Pakistan
16 | P a g e

n. Early problems of Pakistan

o. Three days study tour to Lahore: Badshahi Mosque, Museum, Civil Services Academy and
Government College Lahore
Note: Three days study tour to Lahore: Badshahi Mosque, Museum, Shahi Fort, Minar e Pakistan etc.
Suggested Readings:
1. Khan, H. (2002). Constitutional and political history of Pakistan, Lahore: Oxford University Press.
2. K B Sayeed, The formative phase
3. Ayesha Jalal, Jinnah the Sole spokes man
4. IH Qureshi, The struggle for Pakistan
5. Kazmi, Pakistan: A concise history

5TH SEMESTER

Course Title: Western Political Philosophy: Ancient Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 351 Marks: 100

Course Introduction:
Political philosophy is the foundation of Political Science. It provides for the background of state, its
institutions, and behaviours of the citizens and interaction of them with the state. This course examines
major texts in the history of political thought and the questions that arise about the design of political and
social order. It considers the ways in which thinkers have responded to the political problems of their day,
and the ways in which they contribute to a broader conversation about human goods and needs, justice,
democracy, and the proper relationship of the individual to the state. One aim is to understand the strengths
and weaknesses of various regimes and philosophical approaches to gain a critical perspective on our own.
Focus is made on the ideas of ancient political thinkers of the West; the course is designed to provide an
advanced survey of the long and rich traditions of political thought.

Learning Outcomes:
This course is designed to enlighten the students about the political philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and
Aristotle. It will also enable the students to understand the ancient political institutions, state structure and
formation, and theories presented by the political thinkers of ancient Greek.
Contents
1. Political institutions in ancient Greece: An introduction
2. Pre-Socratic Philosophy: A Summary
3. The philosophy of Socrates: Theory of knowledge, Theory of Virtue, and Theory of Ideal
4. Political Philosophy of Plato: Concept of state, Education, Communism of property and family,
Justice, Philosopher Kings, Ideal State and its decline, Philosophy of knowledge of Plato
5. Political Philosophy of Aristotle: State, justice, classification of government, theory of revolution,
slavery, private property, citizens and ideal state, Philosophy of knowledge
6. Comparative study of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
Suggested Readings:

1. D.R. Bhandari. (1962). History of European Political Thought, New Delhi.

2. Barker, E. (1964). Greek Political Thought: Plato &Aristotle, London.
3. Herman, J. (1982). Political Thought from Plato to Present, Islamabad: National Book Foundation.
17 | P a g e

Course Title: Muslim Political Philosophy: Medieval Credit Hours: 03+0

Code: PSC 352 Marks: 100

Course Introduction
This course examines major texts in the history of Muslim political thought and the questions they had
raised about the design of political and social order. It considers the ways in which thinkers have responded
to the political problems of their day, and the ways in which they contribute to a broader conversation about
human goods and needs, justice, and the proper relationship of the individual to the state.

Learning Outcomes
This course is designed to acquaint the students with the major political concepts of Islam, the structural
functional aspect of Islamic polity, the writings of prominent Muslim thinkers with the prospectus relating
to the application of Islamic principles to modern times.
Contents
1. Political concepts and institutions in Islam
a. Khilafat
b. Shura
c. Justice
d. Sovereignty
2. Al Mawardi
3. Al Farabi
4. Al Ghazali
5. Ibne Tamiya
6. Ibne Khaldun

Suggested Readings:
1. Rosenthal, E. J. (1967). Political Thought in Medieval Islam, Oxford University Press.
2. Sherwani, H. K. (1962). Muslim Political Thought &Administration, Lahore: Ashraf Publications.
3. Sharif, M.M. (1963). Muslim Political Thought.

_________________________________________________________________________

Course Title Comparative and Developmental Politics Credit Hours: 03+0

Code: PSC 353 Marks: 100
Course Description
Learning Outcomes
The objective of this course is to make the students aware about the basic concepts and terminology often
used in the study of political systems and processes commonly in all the societies. Further, the students are
to be prepared for making meaningful comparisons of various political systems with reference to their
political functions, structures, cultures, development, processes etc.
Course Contents:
1. Approaches to comparative politics:
a. Traditional approach of its characteristics and critique
b. Behavioural approach, its characteristics and critique
c. Structuralisms and Post-structuralism
d. Political system: definition, characteristics, and functions.
e. A detailed study of the models of political systems given by David Easton, Almond, and Coleman
2. Political Culture:
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a. Meanings and scope, various kinds of political

b. Culture with reference to mass participations and civil-military relations.
Suggested Readings:
1. Leonard, B. (1971). Crisis and Sequences in Political Development, Princeton University Press.
2. Easton, D.The System Analysis of Political Life, New York: Wilde Latest Edition.
3. Coleman, J &Almond, the Politics of Developing Areas, Princeton: U.P. Latest Edition.
4. Michael, J. S. (2004). (2nd ed)., Comparative Politics: A Global Introduction.

Course Title Politics of Globalization Credit Hours: 03+0

Code: PSC 354 Marks: 100

Course Description

Learning Objectives:
This course intends to equip the students with the concept of Globalization and its various aspects and
dynamics. Again, this will enable the students to understand issues having transnational characters and will
also enlighten them about the challenges like sovereignty, culture, religion, identity etc faced by state in the
era of globalization.

Course Contents
a. Concept of Globalization
b. Collective Good Problem/Tragedy of the Commons
c. Approaches to Globalization: liberal views, Marxist views, Keynes model, realist views,
institutionalism, social constructivism, greens perspective.
d. Globalization and north-south gap
e. Globalization: culture and the problem of identity.
f. Globalization and Telecommunication.
g. Globalization and state sovereignty
h. Citizenship and Migration in the Global world
i. Globalization and Environment
j. Globalization and intellectual property rights (IPR)
k. Globalization and Feminism
l. Global Civil Society
m. Emergence of Global Non-State Actors: MNCS, NGOS, Terrorist Organizations etc.

Suggested Readings:
1. Mattleman, J. H &Othman, N. (2008). Capturing globalization, Rutledge Publisher.
2. Sassen, S. (2010). Globalization and its Discontents, New York: New York Press.
3. Friedman, J & Rowman. (2005). Globalization, the State and Violence: Littlefield Publishers, INC

Course Title Introduction to International Relations Credit Hours:03+0

Code: PSC 355 Marks: 100

Course Description
The course is designed to familiarize the students with the theories, issues and politico-economic interaction
under the domain of international relations. The objective is not only to introduce the salient area of
international relations but also to provide students with some semblance of international literacy. The course
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provides a survey and analysis of international relations and foreign policies, of states as they impact on
international relations. The course examines the concepts, theories and approaches that provide theoretical
background to the discipline.

Learning Objectives
The course aims to sharpen skills and deepen experience in efficient research analysis and critical thinking,
accurate writing, and effective oral presentation. It tries to stimulate interest among the students and provide
information on the broad field of International Relations, both theoretical and practical. It orient students to
and inform them regarding the origins, structures, processes, and global issues surrounding key
international institutions, processes, politics, economic policies, foreign policy and diplomacy.

Contents:
1. Introduction, Nature, and Scope of International Relations

2. Approaches/theories to the Study of International Relations:

a. Realism
b. Liberalism
c. System theory
d. Modernism
e. Positivism
f. Constructivism
g. Critical theory
3. Core Principles of International Relations
a. Reciprocity
b. Identity
c. Dominance
d. Tragedy of the common

4. Modern State System and Sovereignty

a. Nationalism: Supra-nationalism and Internationalism
b. Doctrine of Power in International Relations:
c. Elements of Power
d. Balance of Power
5. National Interests
6. Concept of Diplomacy
7. New World Order
a. Huntington theory of Clash of civilization
b. Fukuyama theory of the End of History
c. Thucydides Trap
Suggested Readings:
1. Brown, C. (2005). Understanding International Relations, London: Palgrave.
2. Steans, J &Pettiford, L. (2005). International Relations: Perspectives and Themes, Harlow: Pearson
Education Press.
3. International Relations by Jushua Goldstein
4. Griffiths, M. (1995). Realism, Idealism and International Politics, New York, Rutledge
5. Shaw and Malcolm (2008). International Law (6th ed). Leiden: Cambridge University Press.

Course Title: Strategic Studies Credit Hour: 03

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Course code: PSC 356 Marks: 100

Course objectives
This course is designed to introduce students to the basics of strategic studies and at the end of course
they should not only understand the contents but on the basis of their insight ability and skill they should
be in a position how to make sense out of raw data and information in systematic manner.
Contents
1. Introduction
a. The evolution of Strategic Studies
b. Definitions, Nature, and Scope
2. The Phenomenon of War
a. Kinds and Causes of War
b. The changing Nature of Warfare, especially the Irregular War
3. Alliances (especially military) and Coalitions in International Politics
a. The Nature, Motives and Dynamics of alliances
b. The role of Alliances in War and Peace
4. Nuclear Strategy
a. The Nature of nuclear weapons
b. The Concept of Deterrence
5. Disarmament and Arms Control
a. The Concept of Disarmament
b. Arms Control and the Problems of Disarmament
c. Causes and Kinds of Nuclear Proliferation
d. NPT and CTBT
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Hart, R. H. I. iddell, (1967) Strategy: The indirect Approach, Faben& Taber. London.
2. Kissinger, Henry A. (1983) nuclear weapon and foreign policy: Doubleday Anchor Books,
New York.

6TH SEMESTER

Course Title: Western Political Philosophy: Modern Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 361 Marks: 100

Course Description
This course is continuation of Western Political Philosophy: Modern. It is designed to provide further
understanding among the students regarding evolution of Western Political thoughts in medieval modern
period. It deals with the political philosophy of the most representative philosophers of major political
movements.
Course Contents:
a. Niccolò Machiavelli: Human Nature, Classification of Government, Theory of Moral
Indifference, Diplomacy, Power-Politics Impact on later Political Thought.
b. Thomas Hobbes: Human Nature, State of Nature, Social Contract, Its Implications and
Drawbacks, Views on Property.
c. John Locke: Human Nature, State of Nature, Social Contract, Implications of Social
Contract, Views on Revolution.
d. Rousseau: Human Nature, State of Nature, Social Contract, Implications of Social
Contract, General Will and Paradox of Freedom
21 | P a g e

e. Bentham: Liberalism, Democracy, Utilitarianism, Individualism.

f. Hegel: Dialectics in History, Origin and Development of State, Concept of Sovereignty,
Concept of Freedom, Hegel as Father of Totalitarianism
g. J.S. Mill: On Utility, Liberty, Democracy and Representative Government.
h. Karl Marx: Father of Scientific Socialism, Dialectic Materialism, Materialistic
Interpretation of History, Theory of Surplus Value, Class Struggle, Proletarian Revolution.
Suggested Readings:
1. Bhandari, D.R. (1962). History of European Political Thought, New Delhi.
2. G. H. Sabine, G.H. (1980). History of Political Thought, London.
3. Judd, Harmon, J. (1964). Political Thought: From Plato to the Present, London: McGraw-Hill.

Course Title: Muslim Political Philosophy: Contemporary Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 362 Marks: 100

Course Description
This course is continuation of Muslim Political Philosophy (Medieval). It is designed to enlighten the
students with the major political concepts of Islam, the structural functional aspect of Islamic polity, the
writings of prominent Muslim philosophers with the prospectus relating to the application of Islamic
principles to modern nation-state system.
Course Contents
a. Shah Wali Ullah
b. Jamaluddin Afghani
c. Allama Iqbal
d. Sayyed Qutab
e. Ubaidullah Sindhi
f. AbulAalaMaudoodi
g. MaulanaWaheedUdin Khan

Suggested Readings:
1. Sherwani, H.K. Studies in Muslim Political Thought and Administration, Karachi: A.B. Corporation.
2. Sharif, M.M, History of Muslim Philosophy, Sang-e-Meel Publisher,
3. Maudoodi, S.A.A. (1990). IslamiRiyasat(Urdu), Lahore: Islamic Publication

Course Title: Principles of Public Administration Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 363 Marks: 100

The course is designed to familiarize the students with the fundamentals of public administration and the
various elements that make it functional. While doing so, attention will be focused on functional elements
covered by the letters of the word POSD CoRB. The course seeks to impart preliminary knowledge /
training to the students in the art of administration. This will enable them to become successful managers
later in their practical life regardless of the professions fields they opt for.
Contents

a. Definition and Scope of Public Administration, Difference between Public and Private
Administration
b. Development of the Techniques of Administration, Early Administrative Aids and Mechanization
to the Office
22 | P a g e

c. Bureaucracy: Concept, Nature, and functions, Max Weber’s Ideal Type of Bureaucracy, Criticism
and Changing view of Bureaucracy
d. Leadership: Meaning, Kinds, Nature, and Functions
e. Decision-Making: Process, Barrier to Rational Choice, Basis of Administrative Authority
f. Communication: Meaning. Types, Channels, Feed Back system
g. Administrative Responsibility: Legislative, Executive and Judicial Control Ombudsman
h. Planning: Meaning, Kinds, Principles, Planning Machinery
i. Organization: Meaning, Nature, Types and Principles.
j. Financial Administration: Budgeting, Auditing, Accounts, Importance of Financial Administration
k. Public Relations and its Importance for Administration

Suggested Readings:

o Charles H. Kennedy. Bureaucracy in Pakistan. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.
o E. N. Gladden. The Essentials of Public Administration. London: Staples Press, 1966.
o Harold Koontz and Cyrill O’Donnell. Principles o/ Management: An Analysis of Managerial
Functions. London: McGraw Hill, 1972.

Course Title: Pakistan in World Affairs Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 364 Marks: 100

Course Description
Pakistan occupies an important place in south Asia due to its strategic location and has been playing an
extraordinary role in the world affairs. This course is designed to conduct a detail study of Pakistan’s
involvement in issues of international importance. It begins with the study of major determinants that shape
foreign policy of Pakistan such as national security, independence, and promotion of economic goals. It
also evaluates Pakistan relations with the neighbouring states, Muslim states, international and regional
organizations.
Course Contents:
a. Structure of the global politics: Foreign Policy and its Effective tools, Geopolitical importance of
Pakistan
b. Review of Pakistan foreign policy: Determinants of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Principles and
Objectives of Pakistan Foreign Policy, September 11 (2001) and Pakistan Foreign Policy.
c. Terrorism and Self Determination.
d. Pakistan relations with India: India as a factor in Pakistan Foreign Policy, Problems and Difficulties
at the time of Partition, Kashmir Problem, Alignment with the West (SEATO & CENTO), 1965
War and Tashkent declaration 1966, 1971 War and Shimla Accord (1972) and Bilateralism.
Nuclear Pakistan: Siachen glacier dispute (1985), Confidence Building Between Pakistan and India
(CBM’s)
e. Pakistan partnership with the United States, Alignment the West (Containment of Communism),
Soviet Invasion in Afghanistan (1979-1989) and its Impacts on Pakistan, Pakistan partnership with
US-led war against Terrorism (2001).
f. Sino-Pakistan Relations
g. Pakistan relations with Muslim world: Saudi Arabia, Iran, Turkey and Malaysia.
23 | P a g e

h. Pakistan and Regional Organizations: ECO, NAM, OIC, SAARC, SCO and UN

Suggested Readings
1. Sattar, Abdul. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy (1947-2005): A Concise History. Karachi: Oxford
University Press, 2007.
2. B. M. Jain. Global Power: Indian Foreign Policy 1947-2006. New Delhi: Lexington
Books, 2009.
3. Amin M. Shahid. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: A Reappraisal. Karachi: Oxford University
Press, 2010
4. Amb. Shamshad Ahmad, Pakistan and World Affairs
___________________________________________________________________________

Course Title: Indo-Pak History Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 365 Marks: 100

Objectives
The main objective of this course is to create awareness among the students about the significance of Indo-
Pak history and to encourage an impartial and objective reading and writing of history so that our present
and future generation may know about the merits and demerits of the deeds of their predecessors and move
forward to shape up a better future to themselves.
Course Contents
Ancient History of India
Unit 1: Indus Valley Civilization
Introduction: Key Features: Religion, Governance, Culture, Society and Economy, Decline.
.Unit 2: Aryans to Alexander
The Aryans: Origin and Arrival, Religion, Socio-economic system
Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. Gandhara Civilization. Alexander Invasion
Medieval History of India
Unit 3: Muslims in South Asia
Arrival of Arabsand conquest of Sindh, Mahmud of Ghazna, Shahabuddin
MuhammadGhauri, The Slave Dynasty,The KhaljiDynasty,TheTughluqDynasty,The sayyed and Lodhi
Dynasties. Decline ofDelhiSultanate.Socio-cultural Developments (712-1526)
Unit 4: Mughal Empire
Introduction, Zaheer-ud-Din Muhammad Babar, Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad Humayun, The Afghan
Interregnum: SherShah Suri, Jalaluddin Muhammad
Akbar,Nur-ud-Din Muhammad Jahangir and Nur Jahan, Shahab-ud-Din
Shahjahan, Aurangzeb Alamgir.State and society under Mughals
Downfall of theMughals and rise of theBritish. Resistance to the British,
Haider Ali,Fateh Ali Tipu Sultan,War of Independence1857.
Modern History of India
Unit 5: British Raj and Muslim Struggle for Independence
Constitutional and Political Reforms of the British Government (1858-1947) and growth of the Political
Parties –Indian Congress,Role of Shah Wali Ullah, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Darul Uloom Deoband,
Nadva-tul-Ulema Lucknow towards regeneration of the Muslim of India,Partition of Bengal, Simla
Deputation, All India Muslim League, Lucknow pact, Khilafat movement. Nahru Report Quaid-i- Azam’s
Fourteen Points.
Unit 6: Pakistan Movement
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Allama Iqbal’s Allahabad Address 1930, and Round Table Conference. The Congress Rule in the
provinces-1937-1939, Lahore Resolution 1940, various Missions and Plans for the partition of India.
Suggested Readings
1. Ishtiaq Husain Qureshi, The Struggle for Pakistan, 1965
2. Aziz Ahmed, Studies in Islamic Culture in Indian Environment
3. S.M Ikram, History of Muslim Civilization in India and Pakistan. Lahore: Institute of Islamic culture,
1982.

Course Title: INTERNSHIP REPORT

Course Code: PSC 366 Credit Hours: 03

Marks: 100

Course Objectives:

• Selection of relevant area to be made in consultation with internship committee.

• Approval of area of internship must be approved by the internship committee (at least comprising 2
members).
• Bi-weekly report must be submitted and formally approved satisfactorily by the internship committee.
• Mid-Term report should be submitted to internship committee.
• Final report should be submitted and formally evaluated by the internship committee and the student
will present the report.
• The marks distribution will be 50-50, which means 50 percent based on written report and 50 percent
on oral examination

7TH SEMESTER

Course Title Research Methodology Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 471 Marks: 100

Course Description
This course aims at the dissemination of knowledge about the scientific methods of study and conduction
of research. The course is specifically designed to serve the needs of students in general, and the students
with scholastic bent of mind, in particular who intend to go for higher education. A familiarity with latest /
modern methods of study and the basic skills of research will facilitate the future assignments of would-be
scholars. Tutors of this course should ask the students to prepare their semester assignments with the
application of basic research techniques.
Learning Outcomes
The course aims to educate the students with the modern techniques of research in social sciences. It helps
students in pursuing research studies at higher level.

Course Contents
Research:
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• Meaning, Kinds and Importance

The Philosophy of Research:
• Ontology and epistemology
Methods:
a. Comparative.
b. Analytical.
c. Deductive / Inductive.
d. Quantitative / Qualitative.
e. Scientific.
Steps involved in Research Process:
a. Selection of the problems.
b. Hypothesis
c. Research Questions
d. Research Design (Components)
e. Data analysis
Techniques for the collection of data
a. Observation,
b. Interviews
c. Questionnaires
d. Survey
e. Scrutiny of Documents
Sampling, Sampling Design.
a. Report writing
Suggested Readings:
1. Dixon, B. R. (1987). A Handbook of Social Science Research, London: Oxford University Press.
2. Kothari, C.R. (1985). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, New Delhi: Wiley Eastern Ltd.
3. Simon, J.L & Burstein, P. (1985).Basic Research Methods in Social Sciences, New York: Random
House.

Course Title: Ethnicity, Identity and Conflict Credit Hour: 03

Code: PSC 472 Marks: 100

Course Description
This module primarily focuses on contemporary conflicts and the role of ethnicity and identity in these
conflicts. Ethnicity being a recurring phenomenon is often considered to be the cause of conflicts in various
parts of the world. Contrarily, ethnic identity is transformed in the conflict situations as well. The course
will look at such paradoxes and discuss the potential of ethnicity to politically mobilize people. Cultural
and religious identities are part of ethicizing process in many conflicts around the world where these
identities are given new meanings. The course also reflects on post-conflict situations and how efforts of
peace making, reconciliation and de-ethnicizations are carried out through institutional reforms. Looking
into a variety of cases the course will debate the role of ethnicity and identity in conflict.
Learning Outcomes
The student will develop the ability to analyse different socio, political and economic issues through the
lens of ethnicity and identity. They will be able to differentiate between different shades of identity and the
politicization of identity.
Contents
1. Introduction
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2. Ethnicity and Conflict

a. Meanings of Ethnicity and Conflict; their mutual relationship.
b. Theories of ‘Ethnic Conflict’.
3. Identity and Ethnicity:
a. Ethnic Identity groups and boundaries.
a. Nature of Ethnicity and Dynamism of Identities.
b. Ethnic groups
4. Ethnic Mobilization and Ethnicization during Conflict
a. Politicization of ethnic identities.
b. Mobilization through ethnic symbols and rhetoric.
c. Transformation of ethnic identities during conflict.
5. Post-conflict institutions/processes and Ethnicity
a. Peace process and ethnicity.
b. Institutional designs in post-conflict polities.
c. Reconciliation and De-ethnicization in post-conflict situations.
6. Ethnic conflicts: Case Studies
a. Case Study from Europe
b. Case Study from Africa
b. Ethnic conflicts in Pakistan.
Suggested Readings:
Tahir. A(1988). Ethno-National Movements of Pakistan. Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies.
Shahzad, A. (2007). The Issues of Ethnicity in Pakistan (1972-85), Islamabad: Higher Education
Commission
Ahmed, F. (1999). Ethnicity and Politics in Pakistan, Karachi: Oxford University Press

Course Title: Governance in Pakistan Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 473 Marks: 100

Learning Outcomes
The objective of the course is to acquaint students with dynamics of Pakistan politics. The course includes
major events of Pakistan politics with reference to the working of different institutions in Pakistan.
Course Contents:
b. Meaning of governance
c. Models of governance: An introduction
d. Governance in Pakistan: A brief historical overview
e. Democratic governance in Pakistan (1971-1977), (1988-1999), (2008-2018)
f. Prospects and challenges in the consolidation of democracy in Pakistan
g. Class politics in Pakistan: A political economy perspective
h. Major Causes of military interventions in politics (1958, 1969, 1977 and 1999)
i. Civil Bureaucracy: Heritage and its Reorganization after Independence
j. Role of Bureaucracy in the Politics of Pakistan
k. Military and bureaucracy nexus: Historical overview
l. Religious elites and their role in politics of Pakistan
m. Politics of Islamization in Pakistan with emphasis on Zia ul Haq’s Islamization project
n. 18th amendment and the federation of Pakistan: Prospects and Challenges
Note: The students will visit Parliament, Judiciary, Provincial Assembly and related various government
offices.
Suggested Readings:
1. Khan, F. M. Pakistan’s Crisis in Leadership, Islamabad: National Book Foundation,
27 | P a g e

2. Chaudry, G.W. (1970). The Constitutional Development in Pakistan, Longman

3. Talbot, I. (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History, Palgrave, MacMillan.
4. Maryam Mufti, (2020), Pakistan’s political parties between dictatorship and democracy,

Course Title: Foreign Policy Analysis: US, China, Pakistan and India Credit hr: 03
Code: PSC 474 Marks: 100

Course Introduction
Every state pursues her national interests by means of interacting with other state. States national interests
are best achieved through robust foreign policy. Foreign policy of a state is the manifestation of her internal
as well external dealings. The course is designed with the aim to enable the students to understand foreign
policy and the factors taken into account in their formulation. This is also to equip them with necessary
skills and ability to analyze multiple levels, past and the present state of interstate relationship based on the
national interests. The theoretical part of the course is followed by a detailed analysis of the foreign policies
of selected developed and developing states with primary focus on the determinants and objectives of their
relationship with other countries.

Course Outlines
a. Nature, Scope and Characteristics of International Politics.
b. Types of World Systems.
c. Theories of realism and Idealism in the context of foreign policy analysis framework
d. State Strength and Weaknesses: Sources of Power.
e. Limitations of State Power/Action: Internal and External Causes.
f. Foreign Policy Formulation and its Tools of Success:
g. Foreign Policy Objectives; Short Range and Long-Range Objectives.
h. Case Study of the Foreign Policies of USA, China, India, Pakistan.
i. September 11 (2001) and Its Impacts on the Foreign Policies of USA, China, India and Pakistan.
Terrorism and Global Partnership, Bush Doctrine and Its Consequences.
j. Contemporary Issues: US Attack on Iraq, Problems of Afghanistan, Palestine, and Kashmir
Suggested Readings:
1. Abdul, S. (2007).Pakistan’s Foreign Policy (1947-2005): A Concise History. Karachi:
Oxford University Press.
2. https://modeldiplomacy.cfr.org/tools-foreign-policy
3. Jain, B.M. (2009).Global Power: Indian Foreign Policy 1947-2006. New Delhi: Lexington
Books.
4. Waller, D.J. (1970).The Government and Politics of Communist China. London: Hutchison
University Library.

Course Title: Electoral Structure and Political Process in Pakistan Credit Hours: 03+0
Code: PSC 475 Marks: 100
a. Electoral Structure of Pakistan
b. Procedure of Elections of the President, Prime Minister, Speaker and Chairman Senate
28 | P a g e

c. Introduction to Political Parties, Nature and Features, Scope of political parties in Pakistan
d. PPP Introduction, Composition, Structure
e. PML N: Composition, Role in National Politics, Policies
f. PTI Introduction, Composition, Structure, Policies, and role in National Politics
g. JI Introduction, Composition, Structure, Policies, and role in National Politics
h. JUI Introduction, Composition, Structure, Policies, and role in National Politics
i. ANP Structure Composition, Party Policies
Suggested Readings
1. Afzal, M. R. (2011). Political parties in Pakistan 1958-1969. Islamabad: National
Institute of Historical and Cultural Research.
2. Kennedy, C. H. (1987). Bureaucracy in Pakistan. New York: Oxford University Press
3. Hassan, M. (1984). History of Local Government in Pakistan. Islamabad: Ministry of Local Government
and Rural Development.
4. Waseem, M. (1979). Elections in Pakistan. Lahore: Progressive Publishers

8th Semester

Course Title: International Law and Organizations Credit Hours: 03+0

Code: PSC 481 Marks: 100

Course Description
The course is designed to enable the students to understand the law that governs international society. It is
to make a critical analysis of different areas of international law with an understanding of the main dynamics
influencing the governance of global affairs.
Learning Objectives
It aims to enlighten the students, especially in the context of today’s rapidly changing world with the nature
and role of international law in the promotion of harmony and understanding among states. Further, the
course is intended to focus on the main actors and institutions responsible for the enforcement of
international law. This is also to examine the issues of Nationality, Extradition, Asylum and Treaties
between states. In the post-Cold War era, and after the September 11 (2001), there is a renewed focus on
terrorism, economic means of actions, human rights, diplomacy, proliferation of nuclear and conventional
weapons, globalization, peaceful methods of settlements and effects of the outbreak of war.

Course Contents

a. Nature, Definition, Origin, Sources, Basis, Codification of International Law and Relationship with
the Municipal Law.
b. Subjects of International Law, the Nature of State, Kinds of States, Non-State entities, Concept of
Sovereignty and State equality, Recognition and Non-recognition of State.
c. Nationality, Extradition, Asylum, Human Rights and Fundamental Freedom.
d. Diplomatic and Consular Agents and their Immunities
e. Treaties: nature and Functions
International Organizations
a. League of Nations: formation, success and causes of failure.
b. United Nations: formation, functioning aims and objectives.
c. OIC
d. EU
e. SAARC
29 | P a g e

f. SCO
g. ASEAN
h. ECO
Suggested Readings:

1. Barros, J. (2007). (ed.). The United Nations: Past, Present and the Future. New York: Free
Press.
2. Scott, S.V. (2005). International Law in World Politics: An Introduction. New Delhi: Viva
Books (Pvt) Limited.
3. Cassese, A. (2001). International law. London: Oxford University Press.
4. J. Barros (eds.). The United Nations: Past, Present and the Future. New York: Free Press,
2007.
5. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Dilemma by Amb. Shamshad Ahmad

Course Title: Civil & Military Bureaucracy in Pakistan Credit hours: 03+0
Code: PSC 482 Marks: 100

Course Description
The interaction between civilians and military institutions pave way either in the establishment of
democracy or authoritarianism. The constitutional history of Pakistan unearths the leading role of military
in politics. The civilian institutions have always failed at the face of military. This course is designed to
enable the students about understanding the nature of civil and military bureaucracy in developed and
developing countries especially Pakistan. Further, the course focuses on the nature and interaction of civil-
military relationship in Pakistan.
Learning Objectives
This course is designed with the aim to educate the students with the historical evolution of civil-military
relations in Pakistan. It will further enable the students to understand various theories presented about the
nature of interaction between civil and military institutions. Moreover, this course highlights the importance
of balance relationship between civilian and military institutions.
Course Content:
a. Understanding Civil & Military bureaucracy
b. Origin and growth of civil and military bureaucracy in Pakistan
c. Military interventions in politics, 1958, 1969, 1977 and 1999
d. Understanding balance and imbalance relationship between civil institutions and military
e. Huntington, Janowitz and Desch’s approaches of civilian control over military
f. Role of military in the political development of Pakistan with emphasis on local government
g. Civil-Military relations in Pakistan
h. Conduct of bureaucracy under civilian government.
i. Impact of administrative reforms of 1973 on civil & military bureaucracy.
j. The civil military bureaucracy and socio economic changein Pakistan
k. Military withdrawal from direct rule in politics of Pakistan
Suggested Readings:

1. Aziz, M. (2008). Military control in Pakistan: The parallel state. London & New York: Routledge.
2. Jalal, A. (1990). State of Martial Rule, London: Cambridge University Press.
3. Rizvi, H.A. (1986). Military and Politics in Pakistan, Lahore: Progressive Publishers.
4. Siddiqa, A. (2007).Military Inc:Inside the political economy, London: Oxford University
Press.
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Course Title: Local Government in Pakistan Credit Hours: 03+0

Code: PSC 483 Marks: 100

Learning Outcomes
The main objective of this course is to generate awareness among the students about the significance of
Local Government and basic dynamics of the system. It will provide to the students the parameters and
analytical framework for study of any individual system or comparison among various systems of local
governments.
Contents of the Course:
a. Meaning, Nature, and Scope of Local Government
b. Difference between Local Government and Local self-government
c. Approaches to the study of Local Government
d. Historical Perspectives of Local Government in Pakistan
e. Theoretical framework of local government in Pakistan
f. Central-Local Government Relations and its implications on the performance of Local
Institutions in Pakistan
g. Kinds of transfer of powers at the local level in Pakistan:
o Decentralization
o Deconcentrating
o Devolution.
• Local Government Finance in Pakistan
• Problems of Local Government in the Developing Countries including Pakistan
Suggested Readings:
1. Shah. Anwar, Local Governance in Developing Countries, Washington, The World Bank, 2006.
2. M. A. Muttalib and Muhammad Akbar Ali Khan, Theory of Local
Government, New Delhi, Sterling Publishers, 1983.
3. Sikander. Tasneem, Local Governments in Pakistan, Bookland, Lahore, 2005.

Course Title: Politics in the Middle East Credit Hrs: 03

Course Code: PSC 484 Marks: 100
Learning Outcome
The purpose of this course is to enable students to comprehend the history and politics of the Middle East.
Historical as well as current challenges of the region, both internal and external are the focus of this study.
The role of global powers in the region and political and socio-economic developments are examined in
detail.
Course Outlines:
a. A brief history of the Ottoman Empire
b. World War I and the End of the Ottoman Caliphate
c. The Struggle for Independence: The Interwar Era to the End of World War II (The Arab
Struggle for Independence: Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia)
d. The Palestine Mandate and the Birth of the State of Israel
e. The Independent Middle East after the End of World War II
f. The Middle East in the Age of Jamal Abdul Nasser
g. The Arab Israeli Wars
h. The Iranian Revolution and the Resurgence of Islam
i. The Arabian Peninsula in the Petroleum Era
j. The Gulf Wars (Iran-Iraq War- 1980-1988, Iraq-Kuwait War 1989-1990, Gulf War II
k. The Arab Spring and the changed landscape of the Middle East
l. Politics of identity and ethnicity (Kurdish issue, Sunni-Shia conflict)
m. Abraham Accords and the Palestine issue
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Suggested readings

1.William L. Cleveland and Martin Bunton (2016): A History of the Modern Middle East (6th Edition):
Westview Press.

2. Peter Mansfield. (1991). A History of the Middle East. New York: Viking Press.

Course Title: Political Economy of CPEC. Credit Hours: 03

Course Code: PSC 357 Marks 100
Course Contents:
• The origin of CPEC and its evolution
• Key sectors/areas of cooperation: Energy, infrastructure and Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
• Institutions involved and funding mechanisms of CPEC
• Domestic drivers/dynamics behind CPEC
• CPEC in Foreign policy considerations of China and Pakistan
• CPEC and the UN 2030 Agenda/Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
• CPEC: internal and external challenges
Suggested Readings
M. Mayer (Ed.) (2018). Rethinking the Silk Road: China's Belt and Road Initiative and
Emerging Eurasian Relations. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan.
S. Sintusingha, H. Wu, W. Lin, S. S. Han & B. Qin (Eds.). (2021). International Perspectives
on the Belt and Road Initiative: A Bottom-Up Approach. London/New York: Routledge.
Wolf, S. O. (2020). The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor of the Belt and Road Initiative:
Concept, Context and Assessment. Switzerland: Springer Nature.

Course Title: Strategies for Sustainable Development Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 246 Total Marks: 100

Contents

• Development in a global-historical context

• Theories and strategies of development
• Development and economic growth
• Development and social welfare
• Development as freedom
• Dualistic and unilinear concepts of development
• Indigenous knowledge and development
• Participatory development
• Sustainable development
• Religions and development

Suggested Readings
Browne, S. (2006). Aid and Influence: do donors help or hinder? London: Earthscan.
Chant, S., & Mcllwaine, C. (2009). Geographies of development in the 21st century: an
introduction to the global South. Cheltenham: Edward Elger.
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Vandana Desai and Robert B. Potter (Editors) (2014) The Companion to Development Studies
(3rd edition). London: Routledge

Course Title: Contemporary Development Issues Credit Hours: 03

Code: PSC 476 Total Marks: 100

Course contents

• Development and underdevelopment

• Theories, strategies and ideologies of development: An overview
• Measuring development: From GDP to the HDI and wider approaches
• From the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs)
• Urbanization and development
• Environment and development
• Climate change and development
• Corruption and development
• Conflict, fragile states and development
• Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and development
• Human security and development

Suggested Readings
Kharas, H., Prizzon, A., & Rogerson, A. (2014). Financing the post-2015 Sustainable
Development Goals:A rough roadmap. London: Overseas Development Institute (ODI).
UNGA. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. New
York.
Vandana Desai and Robert B. Potter Editors (2014) The Companion to Development Studies (3rd
edition). London: Routledge

Course Title: Capstone Project/Thesis Credit Hrs 03

Code: PSC 500 Marks :100
Students will complete a research thesis of 100 Marks under the supervision of a faculty member either
individually or in a group of not more than three students. Their theses will be evaluated by faculty

Note:
Courses included in the General Education Category are designed by the respective
departments including their course codes, credit hours and titles (reflected in the scheme of
studies). All such courses approved by the Syndicate are available on the university website.
For any query the office of the Registrar Academics may be approached for
clarification/guidance.