WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.

2019
WEST YANGON TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Marking Scheme
Class: ………V BE………………… Subject: …CE 52016 Design of Hydraulic Structures II
Date: ………28.6.2023……………… Exam: ……. ………………Tutorial I………………
Pro
Assessment Criteria/Solution Mark
No
1 Installed Capacity = 25 MW = 25 × 103 KW
Weekly Energy = 0.3 MWh = 0.3 × 103 KWh
h = 20 m
ηturbine = 0.7, ηgenerator = 0.8
ηo = 0.7 × 0.8 = 0.56
Energy = P × time
𝐸 0.3 × 103
P= = = 1.79 KW
𝑡 24 × 7
P = w Q h ηo
𝑃 1.79
Q= = = 0.016 m3/s
w h η𝑜 9.81 × 20× 0.56

m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Discharge (cumecs)

580

250

130

90

65

45

30

20

18

17

16

15
P = (m/12) 𝘹 100

16.7

33.3

41.7

58.3

66.7

83.3

91.7

100
8.3

25

50

75

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 WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.2019

600

500

400
Discharge (cumecs)

300

200

100

0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Percentage of time (%)

Average monthly discharge

= 1/12 (580 + 250 + 130 + 90 + 65 + 45 + 30 + 20 + 18 + 17 + 16 +15)
= 106.33 cumecs
Total quantity of water (Total yield) = 106.33 × 12 × 30 × 24 × 3600 = 33.1𝘹 108 m3

Without storage condition

Firm yield = 15 × 12 × 30 × 24 × 3600 = 4.67 𝘹 108 m3
Secondary yield = 33.1𝘹 108 - 4.67 𝘹 108 = 28.43 𝘹 108 m3

With storage condition

Increased firm yield for 75% of time = 18 × 12 × 30 × 24 × 3600 = 5.6 𝘹 108 m3
Secondary yield = 33.1𝘹 108 – 5.6 𝘹 108 = 27.5𝘹 108 m3

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 WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.2019
WEST YANGON TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Marking Scheme
Class: ………V BE………………… Subject: …CE 52016 Design of Hydraulic Structures II
Date: ………9.8.2023……………… Exam: ……. ………………Tutorial II………………
Pro
Assessment Criteria/Solution Mark
No
1 GCA = 50000 ha
Unculturable area = 13% of GCA
CCA = GCA - Unculturable area
= 0.87 x 50000 = 43500 ha

Irrigated area under Kharif = 0.35 x 43500 = 15225 ha

Outlet discharge factor (Duty) for Kharif = 700 ha/cumecs
𝐼𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 15225
Outlet discharge = = = 21.75 cumecs
𝐷𝑢𝑡𝑦 700

Irrigated area under Rabi = 0.6 x 43500 = 26100 ha

Duty for Rabi = 1500 ha/cumecs
𝐼𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 26100
Outlet discharge = = = 17.4 cumecs < 21.75 cumecs
𝐷𝑢𝑡𝑦 1500

(i) Design outlet discharge = 21.75 cumecs

(ii) Losses in the distributary = 10%

21.75
Discharge at the head of the distributary canal = = 24.17 cumecs
0.9

Losses in main canal = 20%.

24.17
Discharge at the head of main canal = = 30.21 cumecs
0.8

2 Quantity of bed load transported = (4.5 x 10-6) x (35 x 9.81) x 60 x 60 = 5.56 kN/hr
Regime perimeter = 4.75 √𝑄 = 4.75 √35 = 28.1 m
Rate of bed load transported, qs = 5.56/28.1 = 0.2 kN/m/hr
Effective grain diameter, ks = 0.6 mm = 0.0006 m
(𝑘𝑠 )1/6 (0.0006)1/6
Nʹ = = = 0.0121
24 24

N = 0.0225
Nʹ /N = 0.0121/0.0225 = 0.538
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 WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.2019
τb = w R S = 9.81 RS
τc = 0.047 (ws – w) d = 0.047 x 9.81 x (2.65 -1) x 0.3 x 10-3 = 0.00023
qs = 47450 [τb (Nʹ/N)3/2- τc]3/2
0.2 = 47450 [9.81 RS x (0.538)3/2 - 0.00023]3/2
RS = 1.268 x 10-4
1.268 x 10−4
R= 𝑆
𝐴
Manning’s formula, Q = 𝑁 R2/3 S1/2

Take A = P R = 28.1 R
28.1 𝑅
35 = ( 0.0255 ) R2/3 S1/2

R5/3 S1/2 = 0.028

1.268 x 10−4 5/3
( ) S1/2 = 0.028
𝑆

S = 5.808 x 10-5
1
S = 17218

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 WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.2019
WEST YANGON TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Marking Scheme
Class: ………V BE………………… Subject: …CE 52016 Design of Hydraulic Structures II
Date: ………30.8.2023……………… Exam: ……. ………………Tutorial III………………
Pro
Assessment Criteria/Solution Mark
No
1 Crump’s adjustable proportional module
q = 0.05 cumecs
D = 0.9 m
Working head = 200.9 – 200.4 = 0.5 m
Lt = 12.2 cm = 0.122 m
Hs/D = 0.3
Hs = 0.3 × 0.9 = 0.27 m

q = 4.03 Lt Y √𝐻𝑠

0.05 = 4.03 × 0.122 × Y √0.27

Y = 0.2 m
H = Y + Hs = 0.2 + 0.27 = 0.47 m
0.5 H = 0.5 × 0.47 = 0.235 m > Y (OK)
Minimum modular head, hm = 0.82 Hs – 0.5 Lt
= 0.82 × 0.27 – 0.5 × 0.122 = 0.164 m < 0.5 m (OK)
2 Adjustable orifices semi-module
q = 0.14 cumecs
D = 1.2 m
Lt = 15.4 cm = 0.154 m
H/D = 0.8
H = 0.8×1.2 = 0.96 m
Assume Hs = 0.7 m > 0.5 H = 0.48 m
Y = H - Hs = 0.96 – 0.7 = 0.26 m < 0.5H

q = 4.03 Lt Y √𝐻𝑠

= 4.03 × 0.154 × 0.26 √0.7 = 0.135 cumecs ≈ 0.14 cumecs (OK)

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 WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.2019
Minimum modular head, hm = 0.82 Hs – 0.5 Lt
= 0.82 × 0.7 – 0.5 × 0.154 = 0.4974 m
Q = 2.8 m3/s
K = 1.5
Upstream wing of the outlet,
W = K (q/Q) (Bu + 0.5 D)
= 1.5 (0.14/2.8) (3 + 0.5×1.2) = 0.27 m

Page 2 of 2
 WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.2019
WEST YANGON TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Marking Scheme
Class: ………V BE………………… Subject: …CE 52016 Design of Hydraulic Structures II
Date: ………6.9.2023……………… Exam: ……. ………………Tutorial IV………………
Pro
Assessment Criteria/Solution Mark
No
1 Drainage waterway

By Lacey’s theory, water way, L = 4.75 √𝑄 = 4.75 √400 = 95 m

Provide 9 bays of 10 m each. Let the thickness of piers be 1.2 m.
Total waterway between abutments = 9 x 10 + 8 x 1.2 = 99.6 m > 95 m (O.K)

Canal waterway
Flumed width = 18 m
Length of contracting transition with a splay of 2:1
(25−18)
Lc = ×2=7m
2

Length of expanding transition with a splay of 3:1

(25−18)
Le = × 3 = 10.5 m
2

Design of transition
Section 4-4
Area of flow, A = (B + r D) D = (25 + 1.2 x 2) x 2 = 54.8 m2
Velocity = Q/A = 40/54.8 = 0.73 m/s
Velocity head = v2/2g = 0.732/(2 x 9.81) = 0.03 m
TEL = FSL + Velocity head = 280 + 0.03 = 280.03
Water surface level = 280
Bed level = 280 – 2 =278

Section 3-3
Area of flow, A = 18 x 2 = 36 m2
Velocity = Q/A = 40/36 = 1.11 m/s
Velocity head = v2/2g = 1.112/(2 x 9.81) = 0.06 m

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 WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.2019
𝑉32 −𝑉42 1.112 −0.732 )
Loss of head in expanding transition = 0.3 ( ) = 0.3 ( = 0.01 m
2𝑔 2 ×9.81

TEL 3-3 = TEL at 4-4 + Loss of head = 280.03 + 0.01 = 280.04

Water surface level = 280.04 – 0.06 = 279.98
Bed level = 279.98 – 2 = 277.98

Section 2-2
Area of flow in flume = 18 x 2 = 36 m2
Velocity = 1.11 m/s
Wetted perimeter = 18 + 2 x 2 = 22 m
Hydraulic radius = A/P = 36/22 = 1.64 m
By Manning’s formula
1
V = 𝑁 R2/3 S1/2
1
1.11 = 0.015 R2/3 (hf/L)1/2
1
1.11 = 0.015 1.642/3 (hf/99.6)1/2

hf = 0.01 m
TEL at 2-2 = TEL at 3-3 + hf = 280.04 + 0.01 = 280.05 m
Velocity head = 0.06 m
Water surface level = 280.05 – 0.06 = 279.99 m
Bed level = 279.99 – 2 = 277.99 m

Section 1-1
Area of flow, A = 54.8 m2
Velocity = 0.73 m/s
Velocity head = 0.03 m
𝑉22 −𝑉12 1.112 −0.732 )
Loss of head in contracting transition = 0.2 ( ) = 0.2 ( = 0.01 m
2𝑔 2 ×9.81

TEL at 1-1 = 280.05 + 0.01 = 280.06 m

Water surface level = 280.06 – 0.03 = 280.03 m
Bed level = 280.03 – 2 = 278.03 m

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 WYTU/TCH/C/F-004/Rev -1/1.6.2019
Determination of base width

(i) Contracting transition

Bc Bf Lf
Bx =
Lf Bc −x (Bc − Bf )

25 𝘹 18𝘹 7 3150
= =
7𝘹 25 −𝑥 (25−18) 175 −7𝑥

x 0 2 4 6 7
Bx 18 19.57 21.43 23.68 25

(ii) Expanding transition

Bc Bf Lf
Bx =
Lf Bc −x (Bc − Bf )

25 𝘹 18𝘹 10.5 4725

= =
10.5 𝘹 25 −𝑥 (25−18) 26.25 −7𝑥

x 0 2 4 6 8 10.5
Bx 18 19.01 20.15 21.43 22.88 25

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