EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND

APPLICATION
CIA 1 - ANSWER KEY AND MARKING SCHEME

Part A – (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)

1. What is symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

• Symmetric encryption: Uses the same key for encryption and decryption.

• Asymmetric encryption: Uses two separate keys (public and private) for
encryption and decryption.

• Scheme:

• Symmetric encryption definition – 1 mark

• Asymmetric encryption definition – 1 mark

• Reference: Cloud Computing Notes, Slide 10

2.What is a server? Mention its key components.

• Server: A system that provides services or resources to clients over a

network.

• Key components: Processor, RAM, Storage, Network Interface Card

(NIC), Power Supply.

• Scheme:

• Definition of a server – 1 mark

• Listing key components – 1 mark

• Reference: Cloud Computing Notes, Slide 15

3. Provide two real-world applications of Software-as-a-Service(SaaS).

• Examples:
 • Google Drive (cloud storage)

• Microsoft Office 365 (productivity tools)

• Scheme:

• One correct example – 1 mark

• Second correct example – 1 mark

• Reference: Cloud Computing Notes, Slide 18

4. Define Cloud Governance and mention its pillars.

• Cloud Governance: The set of policies and rules ensuring secure and
efficient cloud usage.

• Pillars: Security, Compliance, Cost Management, Performance,

Reliability.

• Scheme:

• Definition – 1 mark

• Mentioning key pillars – 1 mark

• Reference: Cloud Computing Notes, Slide 20

5. What are Public, Private, and Hybrid cloud deployment models?

• Public Cloud: Services are available to multiple users over the

internet.

• Private Cloud: Dedicated infrastructure for a single organization.

• Hybrid Cloud: Combination of public and private cloud environments.

• Scheme:

• Explanation of any two models – 1 mark

• Explanation of the third model – 1 mark

• Reference: Cloud Computing Notes, Slide 22

6. Explain IaaS and PaaS with examples.

• IaaS: Provides virtualized computing resources (e.g., AWS EC2).

 • PaaS: Provides a platform for developing and deploying applications
(e.g., Google App Engine).

• Scheme:

• IaaS definition & example – 1 mark

• PaaS definition & example – 1 mark

• Reference: Cloud Computing Notes, Slide 24 & 25

7. What is Industrial IoT (IIoT)? Mention two key benefits in

manufacturing.

• IIoT: The use of IoT technology in industries for automation, predictive

maintenance, and efficiency.

• Benefits:

• Improved operational efficiency (real-time monitoring of machines)

• Predictive maintenance (reducing downtime with data analytics)

• Scheme:

• IIoT definition – 1 mark

• Two benefits (0.5 mark each) – 1 mark

• Reference: Internet of Things Notes, Slide 12

8. Explain the Four-Tier Architecture of IoT.

• Tiers:

• Perception Layer: Sensors, RFID, and actuators collect data.

• Network Layer: Transfers data via the internet or other networks.

• Edge Computing Layer: Processes data locally before sending it to

the cloud.

• Application Layer: End-user interface for decision-making and

monitoring.

• Scheme:
 • Definition of IoT architecture – 1 mark

• Explanation of four layers (0.5 mark each) – 1 mark

• Reference: Internet of Things Notes, Slide 5 & 7

9. Discuss the role of IoT in Smart Cities & mention four applications.

• Role: IoT enhances urban management, traffic control, energy

efficiency, and security.

• Applications:

• Smart traffic management (adaptive traffic signals)

• Smart lighting (automated streetlights)

• Waste management (smart bins)

• Remote healthcare (IoT-enabled medical monitoring)

• Scheme:

• Explanation of IoT in Smart Cities – 1 mark

• Four applications (0.5 mark each) – 2 marks

• Reference: Internet of Things Notes, Slide 10

10. Differentiate between Virtualization and Cloud Computing.

• Virtualization: Creates virtual instances of hardware/software

for resource efficiency.

• Cloud Computing: Delivers computing services over the internet.

• Scheme:

• Virtualization definition – 1 mark

•Cloud Computing definition – 1 mark

• Reference: Cloud Computing Notes, Slide 6

Part B – (3 x 5 = 15 Marks)

1. Differentiate Public, Private, and Hybrid Cloud Slide 22 - Explanation of each

model (1.5 marks each) - Use cases (0.5 mark)

2. Explain IaaS and PaaS in detail Slide 24 & 25 - IaaS definition & example
(2.5 marks) - PaaS definition & example (2.5 marks)

3. Discuss Industrial IoT (IIoT) in manufacturing Slide 12 - IIoT definition (2

marks) - Two key benefits (1.5 marks each)

Part C – (1 x 15 = 15 Marks)

1. IoT & Four-Tier Architecture Slide 5 & 7 - IoT definition (3 marks) -

Explanation of each layer (5 marks) - Relevant examples (2 marks)
2. IoT in Smart Cities (4 applications) Slide 10 - Explanation of IoT in Smart
Cities (3 marks) - Four applications (1 mark each)