vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
ABSTRACT iii
LIST OF TABLES x
LIST OF FIGURES xii
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS xv
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO FRUIT
CLASSIFICATION AND
RIPENESS
IDENTIFICATION 1
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT 3
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE
WORK 3
1.4 RESEARCH PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION 4
1.5 SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH 5
1.6 RESEARCH GOAL AND CONTRIBTION 6
1.6.1 Fruit Classification Technique 6
1.6.2 Banana Ripeness Prediction 6
1.6.3 Fuzzy-Based Deep Learning Architecture 7
1.7 ORGANIZATION OF THE THESIS 7
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 9
2.1 INTRODUCTION 9
2.2 CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUES 9
2.3 FRUIT MATURITY PREDICTION
TECHNIQUES 13
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CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
2.4 OPTIMIZATION IN DEEP LEARNING
ARCHITECTURE 16
2.5 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY 19
2.6 STEPS INVOLVED IN THE PROPOSED
WORK 20
2.7 DATASET DESCRIPTION 21
2.7.1 Dataset1 21
2.7.2 Dataset2 23
2.8 SUMMARY 24
3 MACHINE LEARNING AND DEEP LEARNING
TECHNIQUES FOR FRUIT CLASSIFICATION 25
3.1 INTRODUCTION 25
3.2 26
3.2.1 Image Resizing 27
3.2.2 Image Segmentation 28
3.2.3 Feature Extraction 29
3.3 MODEL TRAINING USING MACHINE
LEARNING TECHNIQUES 31
3.4 MODEL TRAINING USING DEEP
LEARNING ARCHITECTURES 38
3.5 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 45
3.5.1 Performance Evaluation of Machine
Learning Classifier 47
3.5.1.1 Performance evaluation with
category1 dataset 48
3.5.1.2 Performance evaluation with
category_2 dataset 51
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CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
3.5.2 Performance Evaluation of Deep
Learning Classifier 55
3.6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 59
3.7 SUMMARY 60
4 TECHNIQUES FOR PREDICTING RIPENESS
IN BANANA 61
4.1 INTRODUCTION 61
4.2 PREPROCESSING TECHNIQUES 63
4.2.1 Data Augmentation 63
4.3 MODEL CONSTRUCTION USING DEEP
LEARNING ARCHITECTURE 64
4.4 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 75
4.5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 80
4.6 SUMMARY 80
5 OPTIMIZED CONVOLUTIONAL
ARCHITECTURE FOR RIPENESS PREDICTION 81
5.1 INTRODUCTION 81
5.2 PRE-PROCESSING TECHNIQUES 83
5.3 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY 86
5.3.1 Architecture 87
5.3.2 FBCNN Classifier 88
5.3.3 Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (TSA) 94
5.4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION 99
5.5 SUMMARY 109
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CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
6 HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT USING JETSON
NANO 110
6.1 INTRODUCTION 110
6.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM 110
6.3 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 111
6.4 USER INTERFACE DESIGN 112
6.5 HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT 113
7 CONCLUSION AND FUTURESCOPE 116
7.1 CONCLUSION 116
7.2 FUTURESCOPE 118
REFERENCES 119
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 127
THESIS PLAGIARISM REPORT