ORY Coen caed Z Reference im Baste 0S current mftror 2— Generator (E A af enky (va ne Vas = f'(Teee) Tout = f (vas) BP reut Ie. = Tp, - a Te = Ter [4 @i 4 @2 are telenteal same P) —O Te, = Tout Teer = Tet 2a, => Teer = Te, + 2 Te, & > Ieee = (BET raster | >» Teer: i Pe out ( 3) > [fou = Tarr /aBo “s :, el ee ?;* i- neglected —— jae = Teer it Gt %p) 2 eB * Teen |uw e , e . + ug ‘pkerenti aul Ar Hen” (78 amputy ait ference A Le on ae ee Vt Vn | ¥ Man] [A0¢ } : ce aly, ~va) Fnletee free * Dfferentias ere t= Ket et have tun a9. 3 haue equal ¢ opp. 10 Input s, “19 tas ditferenkal then th amount of deviation, ey -€M leve/ \ M7) Es Vow Ceommen me Le} > hey os Bute a a hae haa Sake ash oh amount (rs = aR MD = Ve stra: Va lt) = ov, ¥ Four aint amp: contigurat”: ® Duos by iP balance ejp, ® Lact neecl 6/p ® Single tip balance p ® © ® {ip unbarg Single "Yp unbalanced p + pacciue A0a@ | LFor the given ciract, caleatar Orf tranefstor ane selewkicad Ort Emteser jum anea of @, fs whalk that of @y, Calextate Zz. 4p! Kye 4-3(1:) + (Ver tl-5))8 = 0 > 4-310) = (8-0-7) > ee o> = M) Xe . @ x aon. @, sama 4:3 Assumed Transistor has lange P- > y, Ia? Gasieos Sat ES oa | acest ie. E Me = 10- (24007) = +4. gt Tereyes re Tran diaper Wald laxge P Yee = 0.7 —t, Find operating potnt of ®, s+ 20.1V Appuying kvb 4+ahy + (vee t (10K) #067 = > 435, = 10-15 gobs Metres 43 (eamal > wow, | Lov RT CT) + Vee & O - Ve, - wm lev og te \= 18 Sey le = O87 o- 3)# Current Kepe 2 For fiven Cirusit, of transistors ane fdentical aud Lt, Caleudate’ 7, xy) 7247, App’ 5- kee 23%. 4 Vee ~ 2a, 20 > 58 OTs 0.4 > ; 7 OTF Q(H) = acty “be, © Ya)es: Valo 493 = 4°8I6 Ba TM ensistor grad, Aequiced p14) (4 for ¢ trent m@rrey J TFan site ange B | ' 4 4 e ® e * ~ -D ssionesdassst teeheeTPP teaaeeaee - Ormp. + # Oc Anatyste uct Yp batanced O/p : alysis oF Dual Yp bat acs E (te, vee) +Vee ate Ver Aeptying kvt, Te Rs,tVpe + RT Re- Veg TERS + Vow + 2Te Re - Vee zoed back Amplifier (why) —> Te have a stable gain ; d Te have Afstontion Iree + To get dectred ofp. noststance pret Up Bo Feedback factor (B=0-1) ae Pos erp Feed back ‘pd 3/2 f Feedback t- St is a process of milseeg @ pant ot o/p 1 with the applies fp ofpnal- 7] xs & XH o posittue feedback? X¢= Xstxyp > 4ve Fie. | HS ty same phase . Hears teeclback 4 Xp= Xoo % wlhy ove a) D Yo make Lain stable @ Yo reduce distortion. @ Fe obtain derined values of Se “pes +p ane as ants4 seus ot phase. Cee, ‘Ip and elp resfstance,ae f Enpect em Gacy :— sp fonbe st |® x = Aoz x? pets Aad % - Mia As Xp an putting Xo (14 pA) = A +> ©penteop gain > Closed loop Pain = Ap BeSeiG Ss @) ; > a G8 = Xan se > Xs xy xf Re Xci= Xr+ pax, oo xo) - xi(1+ pa) Ae mene 6), ce a6, 7* 4 d Act Me Mee (¥: (14 pA)) es o [aes aR Ba 3 74 It BA > Overay gain is Pediteod amplifih (Aor) > BA Loop Gain - = Fl oh ue GO free back “ OPP ee) Bebo ct + Loop Gam +- Tt Po the tacton ¥, whe Ft posses th&or tobich 9 leep once, Words gain B basic Bs wfeeetede te muttipiaD DPeeeens-- -Effect on cutozp deequenctes oa [Sen = FO) Sie ae eee | 4+ BA if o aes Decrease Incroase) > St creases Bamadtwidth (Bw) - Crain («— B80 amp: 4 Negatwe F/a MM os frequency —> a lCUltC<“( PAE . Ay - ‘aA ee ; On n ye vue > x sv itpars} (ee 3 aT [: tue | Change] dye tA Vasiation is essen compared Gain Fle ee +0 open loop gan uatealor, ie antes Ra i Is Pictrang edu Crain aimril—> If the gain A basic a Lug large amewnt Mplipier Copen toop.s Then the gain gf, changes fay “mau amount Nae iS Nogdlive tee d 5 4 Cee rrererrasegaareres makes aelatiuely stable jon: | | + Sensfifucly Bs } St fs the rato & perlative change tn ee ot peeclh amp +4 basic Reagan fe re : ie / aA; G78): Te - ae ar F aA "wneud ak be hcg of _@-@ (a) * Ebpect on fput & output Resfstance) {— a —_rerereet pe 18 Fa satin Ae Mohs. o.. zt : : Tiwanste Same | RtXD Re /D ® voitage hee, Ril D w/o a |G Current Ger ent. dee wer cnad @ Current hued ® Rho e { 5 Rox O Rt > "Wpresistonce ® taste amp. Ro -> ep ‘ a H- itPea Rox. “» » » > pin 1 ghanet | fe + Baste } ) Pocuen | Amp | l fi Aue ne tt Oscftlaton i— fat Ho anapgaiganeroio ancy ———— eschliators [. = 4 cfrewit erhich genera te Acwavetonm withe ufany Ac inpur> (sinusor eas) > Osdiaton provider ainusofdal erctput » Other chrenits arhich generate non-sinaserclas eulput guch as triangular Wwaue, AqUare awe ase bnewn G4 waueform Blgtec) stnusotdal Oscillators i eee a et ae) judi frequency Radio frequen — eee v AG pup ee RE Phas MienaBaidge £0 Ose. chtft Ose. Ose. ystol Orc Hartley Osc. z felpttia Osc. SiePP OseXpsphy; Bo Feekback factor er Reverse Transm fesiz,, _facter there should he tue Jeeckback. a 1-BA | + xy Bass a > Lue to In finite even uhen of —> For esc Raton, . Cy CT Cy « = - - = = - = -_ eo — wa — oo aim, circutt cam Geerate non-zero Ac e/; 'P £4 zero, such circuit 24 FB HI mate & reactise ane freq. dependent. Grogs A vschhiation’LIIIIII LE NUTUVVUU UCC UUUUUUL ULL OU IIIT. SAEusen's Crftenta -_ pimpa} fen gon} P.. > Sica loop gain xt complex number , the condit e tmpues — @O [pal 1 } at ®© Cpa = 0' 0 360%er Ant [#-% | ve IPAl<4 => Dampect csctivation. > > [PAlz4 > Undamped Osclahen. vy, > |paloa f Re phase shift Oscillator s— + Fraw St consist & — tsa} O[ common source amp. Ey : e Fruiting amp-. which provides phase shift of 160°. @ 4 feedback netinod 3 identical Fugh Pass RCO cireit —> | aeich tegethen creates @ phase abit ef 180° at fregue— 4 fon —> Thus Toral phase cht, Tt Lecome &60° andl cfr cuct behaves a4 osechyy ater at f. to 4 : MW . 180° phase Cre)” abift’+ frequency ot ( ° (Ce recysz Weneraty F IAL 2 29} For sustaihed? lab ZN = ‘ eschliatfon ” aeAe Ose? ators a T top > Stl a radio Prequency oscfliator > St consfst cE — © A Lane amps whichean fe ce amp+/os. amps, Bier ting amplifier which itt 4 Phase shett of 190° © feedback Mw simpecdencos Bip Fay Rey wrtric together creates 180° phase ahi ft. | CTT arereesie. at 73 2p won KC Ose. | fo Ps obtained from conckit?!- Xi +Xat 73 at @= Wo We %1 +X. + Y¥y =O D> wel, + Wok, = ae foe eect a a, mai om (Graje pe tt [* anes dts afin « i = © Haren teesteg Ose. Xt tat xy =O lar asa, 1A 2 % 4} for FETs ¥, Jop-amp ose. a. colpttes Oec ,sutrtome © SS aoe> ) > operating Cycle | d > AB c J & Oc Analysis i (> AC ama tysis t— ie a > Power eqpraenyy om oa Te = Vee- Var Re Te=-pIg —©® Ver = Vec-Te Re .—@ Be toad dine!” Teo Power drowg_ > tate) - : fi ng oie © To i £29 Peok-pear) CEP PPeeeene-_-_-ose “|enax > (410% suing tn voltage & cusren J Veete-p) max = Veo Tecp-rysnon = Y/R 2 R lac) nan i ec ( “e/g i Vad & eRe Ves fe) Max = Voc. Tog = Voce Vee) = ce /oRe — ARG : s Ver x PROM % = [25% | a eS Ga v?Re. Orono) 2 a 6 Amp ¢ Ler | we [| # Not Gate @ bohaudbur ® Dtschang Arternal af Structure)” ® Mottvatfon ae ae C2 provide seme delay) ® Apprication _y ne waueserm generator ® Ft steuciare ut s © Orn Dfagram, < fae ° © Operarion « [ : LOQC0 8333530000008