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P39-UP11EI For Class 8th
CHEMISTRY
LECTURE NO.- 1
Combustion & Flame Prince Raja Sir
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1 Introduction
2 Combustible and non-combustible substances
3 Combustion and Its Types (Based on Type of Light Energy)
4 QnA
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Knowledge Ride
Combustion & Its Types
(Based on Type of Light Energy)
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Combustion
Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen to produce
heat and light energy along with different products.
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Types of substances
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Combustible substance
The substances which burn in the presence of air are called combustible.
-Oxygen in the air is essential for combustion.
-During the process of combustion, heat and light are given out.
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Non- Combustible substance
Certain substances cannot be burnt in the presence of air. Such substances are called
non-combustible substances.
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Necessary Conditions for Combustion
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Air is necessary for burning :
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Air is necessary for burning :
Fix a lighted candle on a table. Put a glass chimney over the table and rest it on a few
wooden blocks in such a way so that air can enter the chimney. Observe what happens to
the flame. Now remove the blocks and let the chimney rest on the table. Again observe the
flame. Then put a glass plate over the chimney. Observe the flame again.
The candle burns freely in (a)
because air enters the chimney from below.
The candle stops burning in (b)
because air does not enter the chimney from below.
The candle does not burn in (c)
because air is not available. This shows that air is necessary for burning.
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Ignition temperature
The ignition temperature of a substance
is the minimum temperature that is
required to start or cause combustion.
● The ignition temperature is also
known as the ignition point.
● It is the temperature at which any
substance may catch fire and start
burning.
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Ignition temperature
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Ignition temperature
Example:
Ignition temperature of phosphorous is 35°C. So unless the phosphorus is heated to
35°C, it will not catch fire. However, if temperature of air is 35°C or more,
phosphorous will catch fire without heating.
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Combustion and Its Types (Based on Type of Light Energy)
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Light energy
Flame Burning Smouldering Glow
Substance Flameless
converts form of
into vapours combustion
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Fun Fact
The Sun doesn’t burn and never runs out
of oxygen. It glows due to a process called
nuclear fusion taking place in its core.
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Nuclear Fusion: -
1. It is the process by which two light atomic nuclei combine
to form a single heavier one while releasing massive energy.
2. Hydrogen + Hydrogen Helium + Energy
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Give a Thought
Is it correct to say burning of wood or
combustion of wood?
Yes
No
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Give a Thought
Is it correct to say burning of incense stick?
Yes
No
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Q. A substance that reacts with oxygen giving heat and light energy is called a
combustible substance. Which one of the following is a combustible substance?
A Iron nail
B Stone piece
C Glass
D Wood
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Q. A chemical process in which a substance reacts with _____________ to give off
heat and light energy is called combustion.
A Carbon dioxide
B Nitrogen
C Oxygen
D Hydrogen
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Q. The conditions which are required for combustion to take place are: -
A Fuel
B Ignition Temperature
C Oxygen
D All of the above
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Q. Ignition temperature of Phosphorous is: -
A 45°C
B 35°C
C 30°C
D 25°C
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Q. Burning of white phosphorus is an example of a spontaneous combustion.
A True
B False
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Summary
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Home Work
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