Advanced Control Systems
Lecture 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Control
Systems
Mohebullah Wali, Ph.D.
Faculty of Engineering, Kabul University
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Lecture-1 Overview
• Course overview and introduction
– Outcomes of the course
– Grade distribution
– Some examples of control systems
– Definitions
– A brief history of control systems
Chapter 1: Introduction to Control Systems
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Brief History of Automatic Control
1.3 Examples of Control Systems
1.4 Engineering Design
1.5 Control System Design
1.6 Mechatronic Systems
1.7 Green Engineering
1.8 The Future Evolution of Control Systems
1.9 Design Examples
1.10 Sequential Design Example: Disk Drive Read System
1.11 Summary
1.1 Examples of Control Systems
Figure 1.9 (a) Automobile steering control system. (b) The driver uses the difference
between the actual and the desired direction of travel to generate a controlled
adjustment of the steering wheel. (c) Typical direction-of-travel response.
(b)
1.1 Examples of Control Systems
Automation: Robot manipulator
1.1 Examples of Control Systems
Figure 1.11 The Honda P3 humanoid
robot. P3 walks, climbs stairs, and turns
corners. Photo courtesy of American Honda
Motor, Inc.
1.1 Examples of Control Systems
1.1 Examples of Control Systems
Figure 1.12 A three-
axis control system for
inspecting individual
semiconductor wafers
with a highly sensitive
camera.
1.3 Examples of Control Systems
Figure 1.13 Coordinated control system for a boiler–generator.
1.3 Examples of Control Systems
Figure 1.14 The Obrero robot is responsive to the properties of the object it
holds and does not rely on vision as the main sensor but as a complement.
Obrero is part of the Humanoid Robotics Group at the MIT Computer Science
and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
1.3 Examples of Control Systems
Figure 1.15 A feedback control system model of the national income.
1.3 Examples of Control Systems
Figure 1.16 An unmanned aerial vehicle. (Used with permission. Credit: DARPA.)
1.5 Engineering Design
Figure 1.17 The
control system design
process.
1.6 Mechatronic Systems
Hybrid fuel vehicles
Wind power
1.6 Mechatronic Systems
Mechatronic coined in Japan in
1970
Composed of Mechanical +
Electronic = Mechatronic
Integration of Mechanical,
Electrical and Computer Systems
Feedback control is the integral
aspect of modern mechatronic
systems
FB control encompasses all five
elements, however, it more Figure 1.18 The key elements
associated to signals and systems of mechatronics
1.6 Mechatronic Systems
Figure 1.19 The hybrid fuel automobile can be viewed as a mechatronic
system. (Used with permission of DOE/NREL. Credit: Warren Gretz.)
1.6 Mechatronic Systems
Figure 1.20 Efficient wind power generation in west Texas. (Used with
permission of DOE/NREL. Credit: Lower Colorado River Authority.)
1.9 Design Examples
Smart grid control systems
Rotating disk speed control
Insulin delivery control system
Disk drive read system
1.9 Design Examples
Figure 1.23 Smart grids are distribution networks that measure and control usage
1.9 Design Examples
Figure 1.24 (a) Open-loop (without feedback) control of the speed of a
rotating disk. (b) Block diagram model.
1.9 Design Examples
Figure 1.25 (a) Closed-loop control of the speed of a rotating disk.
(b) Block diagram model.
1.9 Design Examples
Figure 1.26 The blood glucose and insulin levels for a healthy person.
1.10 Sequential Design Examples
Figure 1.27 (a) Open-loop (without feedback) control and
(b) closed-loop control of blood glucose.
1.10 Sequential Design Examples
Figure 1.28 Disk drive data density trends (Source: IBM).
1.10 Sequential Design Examples
Figure 1.29 (a) A disk drive © 1999 Quantum Corporation.
All rights reserved. (b) Diagram of a disk drive.
1.10 Sequential Design Examples
Figure 1.30 Closed-loop control system for disk drive.
End of Lecture 2
