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TUTORIALS V HND PROGRAM: YEAR I
COURSE:
Tel:Engineering mathematics
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I. FIRST ORDER ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
EXERCISE I: Solve the following differential equations:
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
1) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥 − 2𝑥 6) = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2) 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 3 − 𝑥 3 7) (𝑦 2 + 2) 𝑑𝑥 = 5𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
3) + 𝑥 = 3,given y=2 when x=1 8) (𝑦 2 − 1) 𝑑𝑥 = 3y, given y=1 when x=1/3
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
4) 3 𝑑𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 0 9) the current in an electric circuit is given by:
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑖
5) = 2 + 3𝑦 𝑅𝑖 + 𝐿 𝑑𝑡 = 0 where L and R, are constants. Show that:
𝑑𝑥
𝑅
𝑖 = 𝐼𝑒 − 𝐿 𝑡 given that 𝑖 = 𝐼 when 𝑡 = 0
EXRECISE II: Solve the following separable variables differential equation
𝑑𝑦
1) = 2𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
2) ( 2𝑦 − 1) 𝑑𝑥 = (3𝑥 2 + 1), given 𝑥 = 1 when 𝑦 = 2
𝑑𝑦
3) = 𝑒 2𝑥−𝑦 , given 𝑦 2 𝑥 = 0 when 𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
4) 2𝑦(1 − 𝑥) + 𝑥( 1 + 𝑦) 𝑑𝑥 = 0, given 𝑥 = 1 when 𝑦 = 1
𝑑𝑦
5) 𝑥𝑦 = ( 1 − 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 , given 𝑥 = 0 when 𝑦 = 1
EXERCISE III: Problems on homogeneous first order differential equations
𝑑𝑦
1) Find the general solution of: 𝑥 2 = 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
2) Find the general solution of 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 0
3) (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥, given that 𝑥 = 1 when 𝑦 = 1
4) Solve the following equation, given that 𝑥 = 1 when 𝑦 = 0, 7𝑥(𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 2(𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑦 − 5𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥
5) Solve the differential equation 𝑥𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 = (𝑥 4 + 𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
6) (9𝑥𝑦 − 11𝑥𝑦) = 11𝑦 2 − 16𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
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EXERCISE IV: Problems on linear first order ordinary differential equations
1 𝑑𝑦
1) Solve the following + 4𝑦 = 2, given the boundary conditions 𝑥 = 0 when 𝑦 = 4
𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
2) Solve 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 3 − 𝑦
𝑑𝑦
3) 𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 + 1) = 𝑥 3 − 2𝑦, given that 𝑥 = 1 when 𝑦 = 3
𝑑𝑦 (𝑥−1)
4) Find the general solution of the equation of (𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 + 3(𝑥+1) 𝑦 = 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
5) Solve (𝑑𝑥 + 1) = − 𝑥 , determine a particular solution given 𝑥 = 1 when 𝑦 = 1
EXERCISE V: Second order differential equations
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
1) Solve the differential equation: 𝑑𝑥 2 + 6 𝑑𝑥 + 13𝑦 = 0, given that when 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 3 and =7
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2) Solve the following: 6 𝑑𝑡 2 − − 2𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑡
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝜃
3) Find the general solution of the following equation : 4 𝑑𝜃2 + 4 𝑑𝑡 + 𝜃 = 0
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
4) Find the general solution of the following equation + 2 𝑑𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
5) Find the particular solution of − 6 𝑑𝑡 + 9𝑥 = 0 given that when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑥 = 2 and =0
𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
EXERCISE VI: Find the particular solutions of the following differential equations:
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
1) 3 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 8 given 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 =0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 4
2) 9 𝑑𝑥 2 − 12 𝑑𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 1 given when 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0 and = −3
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦
3) 5 𝑑𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 3𝑒 𝑥 , given 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 4 =0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
4) Find the general solution of the differential equation − 3 𝑑𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 3𝑒 −𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
5) − 6 𝑑𝑥 + 9𝑦 = 4𝑒 3𝑡 , given when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑦 = 2 and =0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑡
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
6) 2 𝑑𝑥 2 + 3 𝑑𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 6𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥, find the general solution.
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
7) + 16𝑦 = 10𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥, given 𝑦 = 3,𝑑𝑥 = 4 when 𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2 𝑦
8) Find the general solution of + 𝑦 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
9) Solve the following differential equation 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 − 6𝑦 = 12𝑥 − 50𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
10) Solve the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 2 − 2 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 3𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 given that 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 =3
𝑑𝑥
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