BASICS OF INTERNET
2Mark
1.ARPANET:
i).ARPANET stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency
Network. It was a computer network developed in the 1960s by
the United States Department of Defense's Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA).
ii).ARPANET was first network which consisted of distributed
control. It was first to implement TCP/IP protocols. It was basically
beginning of Internet with use of these technologies
2.Full from of WWW:
The full form of WWW is the World Wide Web. WWW is also
called a Web and it is a catalogue of an order of all websites
connected to the worldwide Internet. It is an information system in
which linked hypertext data and resources are accessed over the
Internet.
3.Evolution of WWW:
World Wide Web was created by Timothy Berners Lee in 1989 at
CERN in Geneva. World Wide Web came into existence as a
proposal by him, to allow researchers to work together effectively
and efficiently at CERN. Eventually it became World WideWeb.
5Mark:
1.Difference between internet and WWW
i) Internet:
The internet is a globally connected network system facilitating
worldwide communication and access to data resources through
a huge collection of personal, public, business, academic and
government networks. it’s governed by agencies just like Internet
Assigned Numbers Authority (or IANA) that establish universal
protocols.
ii) WWW:
The World Wide Web, commonly known as the web, is a
collection of websites or web pages stored in web servers and
linked to local computers via the internet. These websites include
text pages, digital photos, audio, and videos, among other things.
Users can access the content of these sites through the internet
from anywhere in the world using devices such as computers,
laptops,cell phones,etc .
INTERNET WORLD WIDE WEB
1.Internet was founded in the In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee, an
late 1960s English scientist, created the
World Wide Web.
2.It is a global network It is a system of internet
connecting millions of servers that support specially
computers. formatted documents
3.Each internet computer is You can jump from one
independent. document to another simply by
clicking on hot spots
(hyperlinks).
4.There are a variety of ways Applications called web
to access the internet browsers that make it easy to
access the World Wide Web.
5.ARPANET was the first WWW was initially known as
version of the internet NSFNET
6.The internet is primarily In the beginning WWW was
hardware-based In known as NSFNET.
7.The Internet utilizes the The World Wide Web utilizes
Transmission Control the Hyper Text Transfer
Protocol/Internet Protocol Protocol (HTTP)
(TCP/IP).
8.The Internet allows for the The World Wide Web provides
transfer of data a user-friendly interface for
accessing and navigating
information on the Internet
9.Internet connectivity is Websites and web pages are
provided by Internet Service created and hosted by
Providers (ISPs) individuals, organizations, and
businesse
10.Internet can be viewed as a Web can be viewed as
big book-store collection of books on that
store.
11.Internet is superset of WWW is a subset of the
WWW. Internet
12.Internet uses IP address. WWW uses HTTP.
13.It provides various services It enables users to access
such as email, file transfer, websites, web pages, and
remote login, and browsing multimedia content through
web browsers
14.There is a whole It is a specific service
infrastructure there. contained within an
infrastructure
15.It is a massive global It is a system of information
network made up of millions of where data is kept for public
small subnetworks access
16. Internet provides the It provides the dynamic
structure networks via a variety of
different methodologies and
protocols.
17.Internet is a means of World Wide Web which is a
connecting a computer to any collection of information which
other computer anywhere in is accessed via the Internet
the world
18.At some advanced level, to At some advanced level, to
understand we can think of the understand we can think of the
Internet as hardware WWW as software.
19.There are more than 3.5 There are more than
billion internetusers in the 1,275,000,000 websites
world.
2.i)Mass Communication:
1. Mass communication involves transmitting information to a
large audience.
2. It includes various mediums like newspapers, radio, television,
and the internet.
3. It allows for the dissemination of news, entertainment, and
advertising.
4. Mass communication connects people from different locations
and backgrounds.
5. It plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion and influencing
society.
6. It enables the sharing of ideas, knowledge, and cultural
expressions.
7. Mass communication helps in spreading awareness about
important issues.
8. It provides a platform for individuals and organizations to voice
their opinions.
9. It has the power to create social change and mobilize
communities.
10. Mass communication has evolved with technological
advancements.
11. The internet and social media have revolutionized mass
communication.
12. Mobile devices have made communication more accessible
and immediate.
13. Mass communication allows for targeted advertising and
personalized content.
14. It provides a platform for interactive engagement and
user-generated content.
15. Mass communication continues to evolve, adapting to new
technologies and audience preferences.
ii)Mass Society:
1. Refers to a society with a large population and urbanization.
2. Characterized by mass consumption and media influence.
3. Often leads to feelings of isolation and alienation.
4. Technology plays a significant role in shaping mass society.
5. Can result in a homogenization of culture and values.
6. Fragmentation of social groups and communities is common.
7. Theories by Mannheim and Marcuse explore the impact of
mass society.
8. Offers opportunities for mobilization and collective action.
9. Emphasis on quantity over quality in various aspects of life.
10. Lack of personal connection and individuality in mass society.
11. Influence of advertising and consumerism on behavior and
choices.
12. Tension between the desire for conformity and the need for
diversity.
13. Impact on politics, economy, and social norms in mass
society.
14. Rapid changes and globalization contribute to the
development of mass society.
15. Criticisms include concerns about loss of autonomy and
authenticity in mass society.
3.Short notes:i) Emergence of internet
1. The internet emerged in the late 20th century as a global
network of interconnected computers.
2. It revolutionized communication by allowing people to connect
and share information instantly.
3. The internet enabled access to vast amounts of knowledge and
resources.
4. E-commerce became popular, allowing for online shopping and
business transactions.
5. Social media platforms emerged, changing how people interact
and share their lives.
6. Online entertainment, such as streaming services, became
widely available.
7. The internet facilitated remote work and learning opportunities.
8. Search engines made it easier to find information on any topic.
9. Online forums and communities allowed people with similar
interests to connect.
10. The internet became a platform for activism and social
movements.
11. Cybersecurity became a concern as online threats and data
breaches increased.
12. Online banking and financial services made managing money
more convenient.
13. The internet enabled the rise of digital marketing and
advertising.
14. Online dating platforms changed the way people meet and
form relationships.
15. The internet continues to evolve, with innovations like artificial
intelligence and virtual reality shaping its future.
ii)Internet and information economy:
1. The internet is a global network of interconnected computers.
2. It allows for the exchange of information and communication.
3. The internet has revolutionized how we access and share
knowledge.
4. It has created new opportunities for businesses and individuals.
5. The information economy refers to the economic activities
related to information and knowledge.
6. It includes industries like technology, media, and
telecommunications.
7. The internet has fueled the growth of the information economy.
8. Online platforms and digital services are key players in this
economy.
9. E-commerce has transformed how we buy and sell goods and
services.
10. Data has become a valuable asset in the information
economy.
11. Companies collect and analyze data to make informed
decisions.
12. The internet has enabled remote work and freelancing
opportunities.
13. Online advertising has become a major revenue source for
many businesses.
14. Intellectual property rights and copyright protection are
important in the information economy.
15. The internet and the information economy continue to evolve,
shaping our daily live.
4.WWW uses:
1. The WWW is a system of interconnected web pages on the
internet.
2. It allows users to access and share information globally.
3. Web browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Safari are used to
navigate the web.
4. Websites are created to provide information, services, or
entertainment.
5. Users can search for specific information using search engines
like Google.
6. Social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram are part of
the WWW.
7. Email services like Gmail and Yahoo Mail are used for
communication.
8. Online shopping websites like Amazon and eBay are popular
for buying goods.
9. Streaming platforms like Netflix and YouTube offer online
entertainment.
10. Online banking allows users to manage their finances through
the web.
11. Educational websites provide resources for learning and
research.
12. Online forums and communities connect people with shared
interests.
13. Travel websites help users book flights, hotels, and plan trips.
14. Job search websites assist in finding employment
opportunities.
15. Online gaming platforms enable multiplayer gaming
experiences.
16. News websites provide up-to-date information on current
events.
17. Weather websites offer forecasts and weather-related
information.
18. Online mapping services like Google Maps help with
navigation.
19. Web-based productivity tools like Google Docs aid in
collaboration.
20. The WWW has transformed how we access information and
interact with the world.
10Mark:
1.Emergence of internet as a mass medium:
Internet:
The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers and
devices that allows for the transmission and exchange of data and
information. It enables users to access a vast array of resources,
communicate with others, share content, and engage in various
online activities. The Internet operates through a system of
protocols and infrastructure that facilitate the transfer of data
between different devices and networks. It has revolutionized
communication, commerce, education, entertainment, and many
other aspects of modern life.
Emergence of internet :
1. The internet emerged in the late 20th century as a global
network of interconnected computers.
2. It revolutionized communication by allowing people to connect
and share information instantly.
3. The internet enabled access to vast amounts of knowledge and
resources.
4. E-commerce became popular, allowing for online shopping and
business transactions.
5. Social media platforms emerged, changing how people interact
and share their lives.
6. Online entertainment, such as streaming services, became
widely available.
7. The internet facilitated remote work and learning opportunities.
8. Search engines made it easier to find information on any topic.
9. Online forums and communities allowed people with similar
interests to connect.
10. The internet became a platform for activism and social
movements.
11. Cybersecurity became a concern as online threats and data
breaches increased.
12. Online banking and financial services made managing money
more convenient.
13. The internet enabled the rise of digital marketing and
advertising.
14. Online dating platforms changed the way people meet and
form relationships.
15. The internet continues to evolve, with innovations like artificial
intelligence and virtual reality shaping its future.
Uses of internet
1. Communication with friends and family.
2. Accessing information and research.
3. Entertainment through streaming and gaming.
4. Online shopping for products and services.
5. Education through online courses and resources.
6. Social networking and connecting with others.
7. Managing finances and banking online.
Mass medium:
Definition :
A mass medium is a communication medium that is designed to
reach a large audience. Mass media is a primary means of
communication that reaches the majority of the general public
Mass medium :
1. Mass medium refers to a means of communication that
reaches a large audience.
2. Examples of mass media include television, radio, newspapers,
magazines, and the internet.
3. Mass media plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion and
influencing society.
4. It can be used for entertainment, information dissemination,
education, advertising, and more.
5. Mass media has the power to influence public perception and
behavior.
6. It is often controlled by large corporations or government
entities.
7. Mass media can be both a source of empowerment and
manipulation.
8. The rise of digital media has transformed the landscape of
mass communication.
9. Mass media can have both positive and negative impacts on
individuals and society.
10. Understanding the role of mass media is essential in today's
information-driven world.
Uses of mass medium:
1. Sharing news and information to keep people informed.
2. Entertainment through TV shows, movies, and radio programs.
3. Advertising products and services to reach a large audience.
4. Educational programs and documentaries to promote learning.
5. Creating awareness about social issues and promoting change.
6. Connecting people through shared experiences and cultural
content.
7. Providing a platform for public discourse and discussion
