In a sentence or text you have to change the form of a word, e.g.

from a noun to an adjective, or from a

The _____ was very nervous. (sing)

You have to complete the sentence with the person noun (singer). You change the verb (sing) into the
person noun (singer).

Look at the word you have to change. Which words do you know that are in the same word family?

The beginning of the word is often the same and the end of the word changes.

What form is the new word? A verb? A noun? An adjective? An adverb?

Nouns often end: -ment, -ion, -ness, -ity.

People nouns often end: -er, -or, -ist, -ian.

Adjectives often end: -able, -ible, -ive, -al, -ic, -ed, -ing.

Some verbs end: -ise, -ate, -en.

Adverbs often end: -ly.

Is the new word negative? If so, you may need a prefix, e.g. un- (unhappy), im- (impolite), in-
(inexperienced), dis- (dishonest), etc.

If you don’t know the new word, guess. You may be right!

Check your answers carefully when you finish.

Exercise 1

1. He gets a lot of ____________________________ (ENJOY) from football.

2. Money doesn’t always bring _______________________ (HAPPY).

3. It is __________________________ (HONEST) to take something that isn’t yours.

4. My dad gets very _________________________ (PATIENT) when he has to wait ages for the train.

5. I want to be a ___________________________ (SCIENCE) when I’m older.

6. It’s snowing. You need to ride your bike ______________________________ (CAREFUL).

7. _______________________ (PERSONAL) speaking, I didn’t like the film.

8. She's ________________________ (OBSESS) with fashion. She buys all the fashion magazines.
Exercise 2

What happens when bigger animals come into our cities? Are they welcome or are they considered a danger
or a pest?

Often wild animals come into cities to look for food. In Cape Town, South Africa, baboons have started
coming into _____________________ (RESIDENT) areas on the edge of the city to feed. They open rubbish bins
and eat fruit from gardens and orchards. Some brave baboons have even come into people’s houses and
taken food from kitchen cupboards and fridges!

Baboons can be aggressive and have attacked a lot of pet animals, so _______________________ (UNDERSTAND),
many city residents don’t welcome their _______________ (PRESENT). The city can be a _____________________
(DANGER) place for baboons too. Some have been _______________________ (INJURY) or killed in car accidents
and others have been electrocuted as they played with electric cables.

Baboons are an (ENDANGER) species and to save them and ______________________ (MINIMAL) conflicts
between humans and baboons, the city council has employed a team of Baboon Monitors. The monitors’ job
is to chase baboons out of urban areas or catch them and release them in the countryside. This policy has
been quite _____________________(SUCCESS), though it is proving hard to stop baboons from coming back to
the city once they see it as a source of easy food.

Exercise 3

Use the words in capitals to form a new word that fits into each blank!

1. He gave us a detailed ____________________ of how the accident happened. (DESCRIBE)

2. He moved to the United ____________________a few years ago. (KING)

3. She has been doing research work as a ____________________. (SCIENCE)

4. I wanted to ____________________but Dad cut me off at once. (APOLOGY)

5. Most bird species are under ____________________by law. (PROTECT)

6. We enjoyed the ____________________of the ski hut at night. (WARM)

7. He is the most famous ____________________who has ever had an exhibition in this gallery. (ART)

8. After his mother's ____________________he moved to South America. (DIE)

9. I didn't tell him the whole ____________________. (TRUE)

10. Who was the last Roman ____________________? (EMPIRE)

11.Can you tell me the ____________________of the new restaurant? (LOCATE)

12.The hotel offers a great ____________________of activities tourists can do. (SELECT)

13.The view from the top of the mountain is absolutely ____________________. (FASCINATE)

14. ____________________, we didn't get caught cheating. (LUCK)

15.He likes reading ____________________. (POEM)

17.She runs a ____________________business in Los Angeles. (SUCCEED)

18.They are doing some research on the ____________________of nuclear weapons. (DESTROY)

19. ____________________is a characteristic that many politicians lack. (HONEST)

20.Mum didn't go up to the top because she is afraid of ____________________. (HIGH)

21.It has snowed ____________________in the last 24 hours. (CONSIDER)

22.We were ____________________that our mother would survive surgery and get better soon. (HOPE)

23.There were a lot of ____________________parts that she did not understand. (MEANING)

24.After a few days, the family reported the ____________________to the police. (APPEAR)

25.We still didn't know the ____________________of the refugees. (NATION)

Exercise 4

1. _________________ people are not always the happiest. (WEALTH)

2. There was an _________________ line of cars waiting to cross the border. (END)

3. He runs a _________________ restaurant near the beach. (FASHION)

4. The new cars are equipped with very _________________ engines. (POWER)

5. It was at a very early age that she decided to become a _________________. (MUSIC)

6. She deserved the _________________ she was given by the headmistress. (PUNISH)

7. The refugees got _________________ from the local police force. (PROTECT)

8. _________________, a number of people died in the accident. (FORTUNATE)

9. It was very _________________ at the disco, so we decided to go somewhere else. (NOISE)

10.We _________________ eat out. In most cases we get some takeaway food. (RARE)

11.There are thousands of _________________ people in the large cities of the world. (HOME)

12.Use your _________________ and think of something that will work. (IMAGINE)

13.If you accept this job, you will have an enormous _________________ towards your colleagues.
(RESPONSIBLE)

14.The test was _________________ easy. We were finished in no time. (SURPRISE)

15.The pupils thought they were treated _________________ by the teacher and wrote a protest letter to the
headmaster. (FAIR)

16.She didn't give us any information that turned out to be very _________________. (USE)

17.The politician's _________________ did not come to the event. (SUPPORT)

18.It was _________________ to see anything in the thick fog. (POSSIBLE)

20.The train was very _________________, and we had to stand. (CROWD)

21.He took a lot of _________________ with him because it would be a long expedition. (EQUIP)

22.I _________________ eating alone. I always have to have someone to talk to. (LIKE)

23.The student council provided financial and _______________ help for new students. (PRACTICE)

24.The newspaper is delivered to my doorstep _____________ at 5 in the morning. (REGULAR)

25.The drive up to the mountains ended with a _________________ view of the sea. (FANTASY)

Exercise 5

I get on fairly well with my parents. 1)_____________, last night we had one of the worst quarrels we’ve had for
years. It was my brother 2) _____________ started the trouble. He asked me if he 3) _____________ borrow my
Walkman and when I refused, he just went into my room and took it. When I complained to mum, she advised
me 4) _____________ so childish. She said I ought to be a bit 5) _____________ generous. I was annoyed, but I
didn’t say any more. I went upstairs to finish my homework, 6) ___________ I thought would take about an
hour. After that, I planned to go out. My friends suggested 7) _____________ to a disco and I had agreed 8)
_____________ them there. The disco is quite a long way away so I knew I would be home 9) _____________ than
usual. I thought I 10) _____________ to ask dad if that would be okay. He usually 11) _____________ me do what
I want because he knows I’m not as irresponsible 12) _____________ my brother. But this time he 13)
_____________ to allow me to go out alone. He wanted me to go to the disco with my brother. He said that 14)
_____________ I didn’t agree to go with him, I couldn’t go at all. We had a terrible argument. The more I
protested, the angrier he became. In the end, he ordered me to go to my bedroom, 15) _____________ I spent
a very boring evening. I haven’t forgiven my brother yet.

1. a. Although b. But c. However d. Despite

2. a. who b. _____ c. whose d. whom

3. a. can b. could c. will d. would

4. a. not be b. not being c. not to be d. not to have been

5. a. less b. more c. of d. than

6. a. that b. which c. so d. because

7. a. to go b. go c. going d. having gone

8. a. meeting b. to meet c. meet d. having meet

9. a. earlier b. later c. a lot late d. a lot early

11. a. allows b. makes c. orders d. lets

12. a. than b. as c. like d. for

13. a. agreed b. refused c. denied d. admitted

14. a. if b. when c. unless d. if only

15. a. that b. where c. which d. where in