EEL7200 :
Data Communication and Networking
Lab Report
Name: ADITYA PRATAP SINGH
Roll Number: M24EEI019
Program: Intelligent Communication System
Chapter 1
Lab-5
1.1 Objective
Simulation, setup and understanding of RIP protocol.
1.2 Network Topology
The network consists of three routers (Router0, Router1, Router2), two switches (Switch0, Switch1),
three PCs (PC0, PC1, PC2), and three Laptops (Laptop0, Laptop1, Laptop2). The IP addressing
scheme is as follows:
• Network 192.168.1.0/24: Connected to Switch0, PCs (PC0: 192.168.1.2, PC1: 192.168.1.3,
PC2: 192.168.1.4)
• Network 192.168.2.0/24: Connected between Router0 (192.168.1.1 and 192.168.2.1) and Router1
(192.168.2.2 and 192.168.3.1)
• Network 192.168.3.0/24: Connected between Router1 (192.168.2.2 and 192.168.3.1) and Router2
(192.168.3.2 and 192.168.4.1)
• Network 192.168.4.0/24: Connected to Switch1, Laptops (Laptop0: 192.168.4.2, Laptop1:
192.168.4.3, Laptop2: 192.168.4.4)
Figure 1.1: Network Diagram
Figure 1.4 shows the network topology.
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1.3. RIP (ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL) EXPLANATION 3
1.3 RIP (Routing Information Protocol) Explanation
RIP is a distance-vector routing protocol used in this network. Each router exchanges routing
information with its directly connected neighbors. The metric used by RIP is hop count, with a
maximum hop count of 15.
1.3.1 RIP Operation
1. Initial State: Routers initially know only about their directly connected networks.
2. Updates:
• Router0 advertises 192.168.1.0/24 and 192.168.2.0/24 to Router1.
• Router1 advertises 192.168.2.0/24 to Router0 and 192.168.3.0/24 to Router2.
• Router2 advertises 192.168.3.0/24 to Router1 and 192.168.4.0/24 to Router2.
3. Convergence: This process continues until all routers learn routes to all networks.
1.3.2 Example Routing Tables
After convergence, the routing tables will look like this:
• Router0:
– 192.168.1.0/24 (Directly connected, Hop Count = 1)
– 192.168.2.0/24 (Directly connected, Hop Count = 1)
– 192.168.3.0/24 (Via 192.168.2.2, Hop Count = 2)
– 192.168.4.0/24 (Via 192.168.2.2, Hop Count = 3)
Figure 1.2: Routing table of Router0 after RIP
• Router1:
– 192.168.1.0/24 (Via 192.168.2.1, Hop Count = 2)
– 192.168.2.0/24 (Directly connected, Hop Count = 1)
– 192.168.3.0/24 (Directly connected, Hop Count = 1)
– 192.168.4.0/24 (Via 192.168.3.1, Hop Count = 2)
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Figure 1.3: Routing table of Router1 after RIP
• Router2:
– 192.168.1.0/24 (Via 192.168.3.2, Hop Count = 3)
– 192.168.2.0/24 (Via 192.168.3.2, Hop Count = 2)
– 192.168.3.0/24 (Directly connected, Hop Count = 1)
– 192.168.4.0/24 (Directly connected, Hop Count = 1)
Figure 1.4: Routing table of Router2 after RIP
1.4 Ping Tests for RIP Verification
Ping tests are essential to verify RIP functionality.
1.4.1 Basic Connectivity Tests
1. Adjacent Interfaces:
• From Router0 (192.168.1.1), ping Router1 (192.168.2.1).
• From Router1 (192.168.2.2), ping Router0 (192.168.1.1).
• From Router1 (192.168.3.1), ping Router2 (192.168.3.2).
1.4. PING TESTS FOR RIP VERIFICATION 5
• From Router2 (192.168.4.1), ping Router1 (192.168.3.1).
2. Devices on Directly Connected Networks:
• From Router0 (192.168.1.1), ping PC0 (192.168.1.2), PC1 (192.168.1.3), PC2 (192.168.1.4).
• From Router2 (192.168.4.1), ping Laptop0 (192.168.4.2), Laptop1 (192.168.4.3), Laptop2
(192.168.4.4).
1.4.2 End-to-End Connectivity Tests
• From PC0 (192.168.1.2), ping Laptop0 (192.168.4.2).
• From Laptop1 (192.168.4.3), ping PC2 (192.168.1.4).
Figure 1.5: Ping results from PC0 to Laptop0
Figure 1.6: Ping results from Laptop1 to PC2
1.4.3 Troubleshooting Steps
1. Check Routing Tables: Use show ip route (or equivalent) to verify routes.
2. Verify RIP Configuration: Ensure RIP is enabled on correct interfaces.
3. Debug RIP Updates: Use debug ip rip (or equivalent) to monitor RIP updates.
