Gate & Globe Valve
Yash Muchandi
(I)Gate Valve
Components:
1. Handwheel – The wheel you turn to open or close the valve.
2. Stem – A rod that moves up/down when you turn the handwheel, li ing
or lowering the gate.
3. Gland Follower – A metal ring that ghtens the packing to stop leaks.
4. Gland Packing – So material (like rubber or graphite) that seals gaps
around the stem.
5. Bonnet – The valve’s "lid," covering the stem and packing.
6. Body – The main outer shell holding all parts inside.
7. Wedge Gate – A flat or wedge-shaped piece that blocks or allows flow.
8. Seat Ring – The smooth surface where the gate sits to shut off flow
completely
Working:
1. When closed:
o The metal gate blocks the pipe completely like a wall, stopping all
flow.
o No fluid is allowed to pass through
2. Opening the valve:
o Turn the wheel le to li the gate straight up out of the way.
o The rota onal mo on on the wheel is converted to linear mo on
3. When fully open:
o The gate disappears inside the valve, making a straight tunnel for
fluid to flow through easily.
4. Closing the valve:
o Turn the wheel right to slide the gate back down un l it blocks the
pipe again.
5. Flow direc on:
o Works the same no ma er which way the fluid is moving through
it.
Advantage & Disadvantage:
Advantages of Gate Valves
o Full Flow: No blockage when open (good for water, oil,
gas).
o Low Pressure Drop: Doesn’t slow down fluid much.
o Tight Seal: Stops flow completely when closed.
o Simple Design: Fewer parts = less maintenance.
Disadvantages of Gate Valves
o Slow to Operate: Takes many turns to open/close.
o Not for Thro ling: Par ally open = damage + vibra on.
o Can Get Stuck: Unused valves may seize over me.
o Bulky: Heavier than ball valves.
o Cannot regulate flow
Advantage & Disadvantage:
1. Water Supply Systems
o Main water lines
o Reservoir/pump sta on isola on
o Fire protec on systems
2. Oil & Gas Pipelines
o Crude oil transmission lines
o Refinery shut-off points
o Gas storage systems
3. Steam Systems
o Boiler outlets (high-temp/pressure)
o Steam turbine isola on
o Heat exchanger bypass
4. Industrial Processes
o Chemical plant main lines (non-corrosive fluids)
o Infrequent opera on points
o Large-diameter pipe isola on
5. Infrastructure
o Sewage/wastewater main lines (knife gate type)
o Irriga on system master valves
o Municipal water distribu on
(II) Globe Valve
Packing
Gland Packing
Components:
1. Handwheel – The wheel used to turn and operate the valve.
2. Stem – Connects the handwheel to the disc; moves up and down to
open/close the valve.
3. Gland Follower – Holds the packing in place to avoid leaks.
4. Gland Packing – Sealing material (rubber, graphite) around the stem to
prevent fluid escape.
5. Bonnet – Top part of the valve that houses the stem and packing.
6. Body – Main casing of the valve which holds all components and
withstands fluid pressure.
Working:
1. When closed:
o The disc presses ghtly against the seat, stopping the flow
completely.
o Ideal for isola ng flow.
2. Opening the valve:
o Turn the wheel le to li the disc away from the seat.
o Allows controlled flow depending on how much the valve is
opened.
3. When fully open:
o The disc is li ed completely, allowing maximum flow — but not as
free as a gate valve.
4. Closing the valve:
o Turn the wheel right to bring the disc back down onto the seat,
reducing and then stopping flow.
5. Flow direc on:
o Fluid typically flows from under the disc for be er sealing and
easier opera on.
Advantage & Disadvantage:
Advantages of Globe Valves
Precise Flow Control – Excellent thro ling capabili es.
Quick Opera on – Requires fewer turns to open/close compared to gate
valves.
Tight Seal – Good shut-off characteris cs.
Less Leakage – Be er at handling high-pressure systems.
Disadvantages of Globe Valves
High Pressure Drop – Fluid changes direc on, causing resistance.
Flow Resistance – Not ideal where minimal pressure drop is essen al.
Bulkier – Larger and heavier than ball valves of the same size.
Applica ons of Globe Valves:
1. Water Supply Systems
o Flow regula on in domes c plumbing.
o Pump bypass lines.
o Fire protec on system regula on.
2. Oil & Gas Pipelines
o Fuel oil systems.
o Lube oil control circuits.
3. Steam Systems
o Steam blow-off lines.
o Boiler start-up and isola on systems.
o Steam trap sta ons.
4. Industrial Processes
o Flow control in chemical process lines.
o Cooling water regula on.
o Reactor feed control.
5. Power Plants
o Turbine lube oil systems.
o Heat exchanger regula on.
o Boiler feedwater control.
