PROJECT TITLE
Anti-Theft
Alarm
Introduction
It is a motion sensing alarm.
It is aimed to protect facility or
object from intruders.
When a motion or intruder is
detected inside the range of the PIR
sensor, the buzzer alarm gets
activated .
The alarm sounds until the reset
switch is pressed.
COMPONENTS
Arduino UNO Push Button
PIR Sensor Piezo Buzzer
Keypad Transistor
LCD Capacitor
Resistances
Aurdino UNO
Microcontrollers
• Microcontroller is the 28-pin
chip fitted into a socket at the
center of board.
• It contains a processor, RAM,
EPROM and all the electronics
for the input/output pins.
• Input/ output(I/O) pins link the
controller to rest of the
•Arduino is an open source electronics.
electronic program. • Input can read both digital (is
the switch on or off) and analog (
• Arduino can interact with what is the voltage at pin).
buttons, LEDs, motors etc.
Analog Inputs
Power supply • Six pins labelled as Analog in A0 to A5.
A power supply is a critical part when it • Used to measure the voltage connected
comes to microcontrollers. The power to them. They measure only voltage not
supply refers to the source of electrical current.
power. In arduino power supply basically
is 5-volt(5V) voltage regulator
Digital Connections
•Digital connection pins are labelled
digital 0 to 13
Power connections • These can be used as inputs or
• Reset connector- It resets the outputs.
microcontroller so that it begins its • First two of these connections(0 and
program from start. 1) are also labelled as RX and TX for
• Other pins in this section provide receive and transmit.
different voltages. Other components
• GND is the reference voltage to which all • Quartz crystal oscillator is a small,
other voltages are relative. silver, rectangular component.
•Reset switch, by clicking it sends a
logic pulse to reset pin of
microcontroller.
PIR sensor PIR referred as ,"Passive Infrared ","Pyroelectric ","IR
motion "sensors.
This type of sensor is made up of crystalline material
that is pyroelectric.
Our body generates heat energy in the form of infrared
which is invisible to human eyes but it can be detectedby
an electronic sensor.
Output: Digital pulse high (3V) when triggered digital low
when idle.
Pulse lengths are determined by resistors and capacitors
on the PCB and differ from sensor to
sensor. It is a motion sensor or a motion detector which identifies
any moving body inside its range.
It identifies the infra-red radiations emitted by any body
and generates electric charge and sends a signal
Sensitivity range: up to 20 feet (6 meters) 110° x 70° to the Arduino.
detection range.
Power supply: 3V-9V input voltage, but 5V is ideal.
Piezo Buzzer
Buzzer is used to create a sound alarm when ever a movement is identified inside the
range of PIR sensor.
A transistor 2N2222 is used to drive the buzzer. The maximum current that can be
sourced or sinked from an arduino pin is 20mA (the total current being 200mA from
different pins). But the buzzer will need more than just 20mA for its proper functioning.
So how to give the necessary current required fir buzzer ? We use switching transistor
2N222 for this purpose. It can act as a switch and at the same time it provides the
required current amplification.
A 2N2222 transistor with a gain of 100 can give upto 1A current at its output. Another purpose of
using a transistor in between arduino pin and buzzer is isolation. A short circuit of the buzzer will
destroy only the collector – emitter junction of transistor. Since their is isolation at the base region of
transistor (base is connected to arduino), the destruction of collector-emitter junction will not affect
base and hence our arduino will be safe from getting burned! The 100 ohms resistor at base is used to
limit base current of transistor.
Switch – a push button switch is used to reset the burglar alarm once its activated. The capacitor is
used for bypassing bouncing effects of a switch ( debouncing capacitor)
Connections
LCD display Digital Keypad
The LCD we are using is a 16x2
LCD. It has 2 rows and 16 The digital keypad we are using
columns. In total it has 16 pins. consists of 4 rows and 4
The ground pin, LED pin 16, RW columns, thus forming a 4x4
pin are connected to the ground. matrix. For connecting digital
The VCC pin and the LED pin are keypad to the arduino board a
connected to 5 Volt power total of 8 connections are to be
supply. Enable pin, RS pin and DB made-4 for the rows and 4 for
pins from 4 to 7 are connected to the columns. All the connections
the analog pins in the Arduino are made to the digital pins of
board, however these pins are the arduino board.
operating in the digital mode.
A Basic Circuit
A Basic Circuit
PIR Sensor
PIR sensor has 3 pins, the
rightmost is for
grounding, the middle Piezo Buzzer
one for power supply and Similarly, LED can
the leftmost for for It has two pins-one also be used as a
signal. 1st pin is positive and one light indicator if
grounded , 2nd pin is negative. Negative required with a
connected to the 5 V pin is grounded and resistor connected
power supply and signal positive pin is in series with it so
pin is connected to to connected to digital as to minimize the
digital for getting input. supply for giving current through
the LED.
output.
How it happens?
When an object such as a person
passes in front of the background
such as a wall, the temperature at When an AC voltage is applied to the
that point in the sensor's field of piezoceramic element the element
view rise from room temperature expand and shrinks diametrically. This
to body temperature, and then characteristic of piezo-materials is
back again. The sensor converts utilized to make the ceramic plate
the resulting change in the in the vibrate rapidly to generate sound
incoming infrared radiation into a waves.
change in the output voltage and
thus trigger the detection.
CONNECTIONS
This system is a basic motion activated alarm. It is built around an Arduino
microcontroller. It is connected to a PIR motion sensor, a buzzer, and a pair of
external terminals.
Firstly we are connecting PIR sensor to arduino by connecting Vcc pin of PIR
sensor to positive terminal of arduino (5V), Gnd pin of PIR to any ground pin of
Arduino and out pin of PIR sensor to pin no. 7 of Arduino.
For connecting buzzer to Arduino, we connect positive terminal of buzzer to
Arduino pin no. 10 and negative terminal of buzzer to any ground pin.
Basically in this sensors are connected to a control unit via low voltage wiring or a
narrow band RF signal that is used to interact with a response device.
When intruder will come after breaking password lock system, It will come under
the range of PIR sensor and its working will be started. Signal will be given and
buzzer will start. After pressing the push button or reset button buzzer will stop.
CODING
/*** ANTI-THEFT ALARM ***/
void loop()
int sensor=7; {
//The pin 7 is connected to the sensor. sensorvalue=digitalRead(sensor);
int pushbutton=6; //The value of sensor on pin 7 is read out.
//The pin 6 is connected to the pushbutton.
int buzzer=8; if(sensorvalue==HIGH)
//The pin 8 is connected to the buzzer. {
int sensorvalue; digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH);
//The buzzer voltage will be high and it will beep.
void setup()
{ if(digitalRead(pushbutton==HIGH))
pinMode(sensor,INPUT); //The value of pushbutton is read out.
// The pin connected to the sensor is defined as an
input. {
pinMode(pushbutton,INPUT); digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW);
// The pin connected to the pushbutton is defined //The buzzer voltage will be low and it will stop
as an input. beeping.
pinMode(buzzer,OUTPUT); }
// The pin connected to the buzzer is defined as an }
output.
}
}
Circuit on Tinkercad
Applications
Burglar alarms are used for various safety purposes. These are electronic
alarms designed in such way so as to alert users to any unknown danger.
Our alarms are known for high end features like effective performance,
fire & corrosion resistance and durability.
Following are the technical specification of these alarms:
* Sensors are connected to a control unit via low-voltage wiring or a
narrow band RF signal that is used to interact with a response device.
* The most common security sensors are used to indicate the opening
of a door or window or detect motion via passive infrared(PIR).
Password Lock
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Final
Circuit
Diagram
Circuit on Tinkercad
CODING
Working
This system is a basic motion activated alarm. It is built around an Arduino
microcontroller. It is connected to a PIR motion sensor, a buzzer, and a pair of
external terminals.
Firstly we are connecting PIR sensor to arduino by connecting Vcc pin of PIR
sensor to positive terminal of arduino (5V), Gnd pin of PIR to any ground pin of
Arduino and out pin of PIR sensor to pin no. 7 of Arduino.
For connecting buzzer to Arduino, we connect positive terminal of buzzer to
Arduino pin no. 10 and negative terminal of buzzer to any ground pin.
Basically in this sensors are connected to a control unit via low voltage wiring or a
narrow band RF signal that is used to interact with a response device.
When intruder will come after breaking password lock system, It will come under
the range of PIR sensor and its working will be started. Signal will be given and
buzzer will start. After pressing the push button or reset button buzzer will stop.
Let's assume a room having some
precious stone or very important
documents and they are to be kept
under a high security. In this case we
can install Burglar alarm system with
password lock system. Let's see how
can we do this.
We can install the piezo buzzer in the
room itself and the PIR sensor on the
entrance of that particular room. Now,
we put the password lock system at
the main entrance and and it is not in
the range of PIR sensor. This is the
set-up for different components.
Now we will take two cases :
I) When owner will come
II) When the intruder will come
Taking the first case: Let the owner
comes at the main entrance and
obviously he is aware of the
password, when he enterd the
correct password then
automatically PIR sensor will
deactivate and as a result the
buzzer will deactivate and he can
easily move ahead.
Now taking second case : Let
someone who is not aware of the
password tries to break that
password and enters the wrong
password, then the door will
open as it opens whether the
password is correct or incorrect.
PIR sensor will not deactivate
and hence as a result the buzzer
will beep when the intruder
comes in the range of PIR sensor
and the security come to know
there is someone who is trying to
steal that thing and they will
catch them.
Presented by :
Himani Mahendra 723
Khushi Kumari 1052
Megha Bhardwaj 830
Muskan Bura 83
Thank you!
