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OCR Level 3 Free Standing Mathematics Qualification Additional Maths Exam Practice 2nd Edition Ginty PDF Download

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OCR Level 3 Free Standing Mathematics Qualification Additional Maths Exam Practice 2nd Edition Ginty PDF Download

The document provides a comprehensive guide for the OCR Level 3 Free Standing Mathematics Qualification, specifically focusing on Additional Maths exam practice. It includes various mathematical topics such as algebra, coordinate geometry, trigonometry, and calculus, along with exercises and solutions to aid in exam preparation. Additionally, it offers links to download related educational resources and textbooks.

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OCR

LEVEL 3 FREE STANDING


MATHEMATICS QUALIFICATION:
ADDITIONAL MATHS
EXAM PRACTICE
Val Hanrahan
Andrew Ginty
Series editor:
Roger Porkess
Every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked, the
Publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
Although every effort has been made to ensure that website addresses are correct at time of going to press,
Hodder Education cannot be held responsible for the content of any website mentioned in this book. It is
sometimes possible to find a relocated web page by typing in the address of the home page for a website in the
URL window of your browser.

Hachette UK’s policy is to use papers that are natural, renewable and recyclable products and made from wood
grown in well-managed forests and other controlled sources. The logging and manufacturing processes are
expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin.
Orders: please contact Bookpoint Ltd, 130 Park Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4SE.
Telephone: +44 (0)1235 827827. Fax: +44 (0)1235 400401. Email [email protected] Lines are
open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday to Saturday, with a 24-hour message answering service.You can also
order through our website: www.hoddereducation.co.uk
ISBN: 978 1 5104 4969 5
© Andrew Ginty and Val Hanrahan 2019
First published in 2019 by
Hodder Education,
An Hachette UK Company
Carmelite House
50 Victoria Embankment
London EC4Y 0DZ
www.hoddereducation.co.uk
Impression number 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Year 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019
All rights reserved. Apart from any use permitted under UK copyright law, no part of this publication may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
recording, or held within any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publisher or under licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Further details of such licences (for
reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited, www.cla.co.uk
Cover photo © Rysuku/stock.adobe.com
Typeset in India by Aptara, Inc.
Printed in the UK by CPI Group
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.

ii
Contents

Introduction iv

SECTION 1 ALGEBRA

1 Algebraic manipulation 1

2 Polynomials, functions and equations 4

3 Applications of equations and inequalities in one variable 8

4 Sequences and recurrence relationships 12

SECTION 2 COORDINATE GEOMETRY

5 Points, lines and circles 14

6 Graphs 17

7 Linear inequalities in two variables 21

SECTION 3 TRIGONOMETRY

8 Trigonometric functions 27

9 Applications of trigonometry 29

SECTION 4 SELECTIONS

10 Permutations and combinations 36

11 The binomial distribution 40

SECTION 5 POWERS AND ITERATION

12 Exponentials and logarithms 42

13 Numerical methods 44

SECTION 6 CALCULUS

14 Differentiation 51

15 Integration 57

16 Application to kinematics 61

Answers 65

Full worked solutions and mark schemes are available at


www.hoddereducation.co.uk/OCRAddMathsExamPractice

iii
Introduction

This book has been written to supplement the Additional Mathematics for
OCR textbook, but it could also be used to provide additional exercises for
anyone studying Mathematics beyond GCSE. There are over 350 questions to
support successful preparation for the specification released by OCR for first
assessment in 2019.
Grouped according to topic, the chapters follow the content of the OCR
Additional Maths textbook.
Each chapter starts with short questions to support retrieval of content and
straightforward application of skills learned during the course. The demand
gradually builds through each exercise, with the later questions requiring
significant mathematical thinking and, often, problem solving strategies. This
reflects the range of styles of question that will be found in the exam.
Answers are provided in this book, and full worked solutions and mark
allocations to all questions can be found online at
www.hoddereducation.co.uk/OCRAddMathsExamPractice

iv
1 Algebraic manipulation
Exercise 1.1 Simplifying algebraic fractions
1 Simplify the following.
4x 2y 8x 3 y 2 24 x 4 y 3 96x 5 y 4
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
3xy 2 6x 2 y 3 18x 3 y 4 72x 4 y 5

2 Simplify the following.


6x + 9 2x 2 y 3
(i)   (ii)   
(2x + 3)(3x + 2) 8xy 4
a2 − 4 p2 − 9
(iii) (iv)
a + 4a + 4
2 3p + 9

3 (i) Simplify the following.


x+3 x+2
(a) x + 2 − x + 1 (b) x + 2 − x + 3 (c) x + 4 − x + 3
x +1 x +2 x+3 x+4

 se the pattern obtained to predict the simplified form of x + 5 − x + 4


(ii) U
x+4 x+5
and use algebra to check your answer.
4 Simplify the following.
y3 (ii)    x + 3x + 2 × 2 4 x − 10
2
(i)   2x × 2
3y 5x 2x − 5 x + 7x + 10

(iv) (
2r + 3)
2
3 p 2 − 12 p 2 + 5 p + 6 3
(iii) ÷ ÷ r
p2 + 4 p p+4 6r 4r + 6
5 Simplify the following.
5 −2 4p 7p
(i)   (ii)   +
a2 a 3 9

(iii) 3a − 2a (iv)
4 p 3p
+
2b 3b 3q 4q
6 Simplify the following.
( 2x ) a 3 + ( 3a ) − ( 2a ) − a
3 2 2 2 2
(i)   + 7 x − 4 x − 3x (ii)  
x2 4 3 2 ( 2a )
2 2a 3a
(2x )2 2p 4
(iii) x − + 3x(−2x ) + 4 (iv) p 2 + 2 − p + 9p
x3 x (3 p )

7 Simplify the following.

(i)   5x + 4 (ii)   42 a + 2 − 2 2a + 1
2x 2 + x 2x + 1 6a + a − 1 3a + 5a − 2
2p 3p
(iii) −   (iv) 2 3r − 1 + 2 2r + 1
( p + 1)( p − 1) ( p + 1)( p − 2) r − 4r + 3 r − r − 6
8 Solve the following equations.

(i)    x + 2x = 5 4 2 2
(ii)   p − 3 p = 3
3

(iii) 32 = 10 − 3 (iv) 42 + 3 = 1
x x x x
1
9 The denominator of a fraction is x.
The numerator is the
1 top line of a fraction
and the denominator is
The numerator is 5 less than the denominator.
If the numerator and denominator are both increased by 3, the value of the
the bottom line. new fraction is 2 .
3
Write down an equation for x and solve it.
10 In this question x ≠ ±1. One of the statements below is true for all
the allowed values of x, another is true for just one value of x and the
remaining one is false for all the allowed values of x. Identify which is
which and solve the equation where this is possible.

(i) x + 3 − x + 2 = x2 + 9
x −1 x +1 x −1

(ii) x + 3 − x + 2 = 3x2 + 5
x −1 x +1 x −1
(iii) x + 3 − x + 5 = 2 2
x −1 x +1 x −1

Exercise 1.2 Simplifying expressions containing


square roots
1 Simplify the following as much as possible.
(i)     2× 3 (ii) 3× 4 (iii)    4× 5
(iv) 2× 4 (v)   4× 6 (vi) 6× 8
2 Simplify the following as much as possible.
(i) 12 (ii) 45 (iii) 80 (iv) 150
3 Simplify the following as much as possible.
Chapter 1 Algebraic manipulation

(i)    54 (ii) 8× 2
(iii) 3(3 3 − 2) (iv) 8 + 18 − 4 2
4 Write the following as surds in their simplest form.
(i)   ( 2 + 3 )( 3 + 2 ) (ii) (2 − 3 )(3 + 2 )
(iii) ( 2 + 3 )( 3 − 2 ) (iv)   ( 2 − 3 )( 3 − 2 )
5 Write the following as surds in their simplest form.
(i)    ( 5 + 6)(3 − 5) (ii)   (3 + 2 2 )(2 − 2 )
(iii) (7 − 3)2

6 Simplify the following by rationalising the denominators.

(i) 4 (ii) 27 (iii) 1 (iv) 5 (v) 5 2


2 6 2 2 75 2 5
7 Write each of the following in its simplest form.

(i)     x 5 (ii)   8x 3
(iii) 27x (iv) x 2y3 + x 3y 2
(v) 3x 6 + 27x 6

2
8 Express each of the following as the square root of a single number.
(i) 2 5 (ii) 4 8 (iii) 10 6 (iv) 6 12 1
9 Simplify the following fractions so that if the answer is a fraction its
denominator is a whole number, leaving any square roots in the numerator.

Chapter 1 Algebraic manipulation


(i) 16 (ii) 125 (iii) 8 (iv) 18
49 3 27 75
10 Simplify the following, leaving any square roots in the numerator.

(i) x3 (ii) 36x 3 (iii) x3 (iv) 6xy 5


y4 y2 24 y 2 42x 2 y 3

11 Simplify the following by collecting like terms.


(i) ( 2 + 3 ) + ( 3 − 2 3 ) (ii) 3 ( 5 − 1) − 2 ( 5 + 1)

12 Expand and simplify.


(i)   ( 12 + 3)( 12 − 3) (ii) 6 (9 − 5 6 )

(iii) (5 + 2 3 ) (iv) ( 3 3 − 2 2 )
2 2

13 Expand and simplify.


(i)      ( x + 3 y )( x − 3 y ) (ii) ( 3 x − 5 y )
2

(iii) ( 3 x + 5 y ) x 3y ( x − y )
2
(iv)

14 Solve the following equations, giving your answers as simply as possible in


exact form.
(i) x 2 + 6x − 3 = 0 (ii) 9x 2 − 6x + 1 = 0
(iii) 3x 2 − 3x − 1 = 0
15 Rationalise the denominators, giving each answer in its simplest form.

(i) 20 (ii) 9
(iii) 5 − 3
5 ( 5 − 2) 5+ 3
16 Rationalise the denominators, giving each answer in its simplest form.
x3 x +2 y 2 x +3 y
(i) (ii) (iii)
x 2y x −2 y 2 x −3 y

17 A right-angled triangle has one side of length 15 cm and the hypotenuse


is of length 35 cm. Find the length of the other side in its simplest surd
form.
18 A rectangle has long sides that are double the length of the short sides.
Find the area of the rectangle when the diagonal is 12 cm long.
19 The diagram shows a pyramid with a square base of side x cm. The height
of the pyramid is twice the length of the base.
(i) Find an expression for the length of a sloping edge.
(ii) G
 iven that a sloping edge is 20 162 cm, find the height of
x cm
x cm the pyramid.

3
2 Polynomials, functions and equations
Exercise 2.1 Operations with polynomials
1 State the order of the following polynomials.
(i) 5x3 − 2x + 7 (ii) 6 − 4x5 + x2 (iii) (2x − 3)2
2 (i) Add (6x3 + 3x2 − 2x − 7) to (4x2 − x − 9).
(ii) Add (2x3 − 3x2 + 4) to (x3 − 2x + 3).
3 (i) Subtract (x3 − 3x2 + 4) from (2x3 + 3x − 4).
(ii) Subtract (3x3 − 2x + 3) from (x4 + 2x3 − x2 + 1).
4 (i) Add (x3 − 2x2 − 4x + 7) to (x3 − 1).
(ii) Add (2x3 + 4x2 − 8x + 14) to your answer to part (i).
(iii) Subtract (3x3 + 6x2 − 12x + 21) from your answer to (ii).
(iv) What do you notice?
5 (i) Add (2 + 3x − x3) to (2x3 − 3x + 2).
(ii) Subtract (x2 + 2x − 4) from your answer to part (i).
(iii) Add (x3 + x2 − x − 6) to your answer to part (ii).
(iv) What do you notice?
6 (i) Multiply (2x2 − 3x − 2) by (3x − 1).
(ii) Multiply (2x4 − 3) by (3x2 + 5x + 1).
7 (i) Multiply (3x − 1)2 by (2x3 − 3).
(ii) Multiply (x − 2)2 by (x + 2)2.
8 (i) Divide (x3 + 2x2 − x − 2) by (x − 1).
(ii) Divide (2x3 − 7x2 + 7x − 2) by (2x − 1).
9 (i) Divide (x4 + 4x2 − 5) by (x2 − 1).
(ii) Divide (2x3 + x + 18) by (x + 2).
10 (i) Multiply (x + 2)2 by (x − 4)2.
(ii) Divide your answer to part (i) by (x2 − 2x − 8).
(iii) What do you notice?
11 (i) Simplify (2x3 + 3x2 − 5) − (3x − 2)2.
(ii) Simplify (x + 1)(x2 − 1) − (x − 1)(x2 + 1).
12 (i) Simplify (x − 1)2(4x + 1) − (3x − 1)(x + 1)2.
(ii) Simplify (5x3 − 2x + 3) − (2x − 5)2.

4
Exercise 2.2 The factor theorem, completing the square
and the quadratic formula 2
1 (i) Show that x3 − 2x2 − 5x + 6 is divisible by (x − 1).
 rite x3 − 2x2 − 5x + 6 in the form (x − 1)(x2 + ax + b) where a and b
(ii) W

Chapter 2 Polynomials, functions and equations


are to be determined.
(iii) Hence factorise x3 − 2x2 − 5x + 6 completely.
2 For each of the following expressions write down the factors of the
constant term and then use the factor theorem to factorise it.
(i) x3 − 3x2 − 6x − 8
(ii) x3 + 3x2 + x + 3
(iii) 2x3 + 11x2 + 17x + 6
3 (i) Divide 2x3 + 13x2 + 22x + 3 by (x + 3).
(ii) Hence show that 2x3 + 13x2 + 22x + 3 = 0 has only one integer root.
4 Find the possible values of a if (x − 2) is a factor of x3 + x2 − 5ax + 2a2.
5 The polynomial f(x) = x3 + ax2 + bx − 8 has factors (x − 1) and (x + 2). Find
the values of a and b and the other linear factor.
6 Show that x = 3 is a root of the equation 2x3 − 3x2 − 11x + 6 = 0 and hence
solve the equation completely.
7 (i) Which of the following three expressions have (x + 2) as a factor?
(a) x3 − x2 − 10x − 12
(b) x3 + x2 − 8x − 12
(c) 2x3 − x2 − 10x + 4
(ii) Add the three polynomials in part (i) together.
(iii) Divide the answer to part (ii) by (x + 2).
(iv) What do you notice?
8 Use the method of completing the square to solve the following equations,
leaving square roots in your answers.
(i) x2 − 6x + 2 = 0
(ii) x2 − 6x − 2 = 0
(iii) x2 + 6x + 2 = 0
(iv) x2 + 6x − 2 = 0
9 Solve the following equations.
(i) x2 − 4x + 3 = 0
(ii) x2 − 4x − 3 = 0
(iii) x2 + 4x + 3 = 0
(iv) x2 + 4x − 3 = 0

5
10 The diagram shows sketches of the graphs of y = f(x) and y = g(x) where
2 f(x) = x3 + x2 − 5x + 3 and g(x) =
(x + 3)2
3
.

y
y = f (x)

y = g(x)

A 0 B x

(i) Use the factor theorem to factorise f(x).


(ii) Find the coordinates of the points A, B and C.
(iii) Find the coordinates of the other point of intersection of the two
curves.
11 (i) D
 etermine whether each of the following is a factor of the expression
x3 −19x + 30. You must show your working.
(a) (x − 2)
(b) (x − 3)
Chapter 2 Polynomials, functions and equations

(ii) Factorise the expression x3 −19x + 30.


(iii) Solve the equation x3 −19x + 30 = 0.
12 The diagram shows an open rectangular tank with a square base of side x
metres and a volume of 18 m3.

(i) Write down an expression in terms of x for the height of the tank.
72
(ii) Show that the surface area of the tank is (x2 + ) m2.
x
(iii) Given that the surface area is 33 m2, show that x3 − 33x + 72 = 0.
(iv) Use the factor theorem to find a factor of x3 − 33x + 72 = 0.
(v) S olve x3 − 33x + 72 = 0 and hence find possible dimensions for the
tank.
13 The height of a ball, h m, at a time t seconds is given by h = 1.5 + 20t − 5t2.
Show that the ball does not reach a height of 25 metres.

6
14 Find (to 2 d.p.) the coordinates of the points of intersection of the line
y = 2x + 1 and the circle x2 + y2 = 25.
y
2
6
y = 2x + 1
5

Chapter 2 Polynomials, functions and equations


4

2
1
x2 + y2 = 25
x
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
–1
–2
–3

–4

–5
–6

7
3 Applications of equations and
inequalities in one variable
Exercise 3.1 Applications of equations
1 Sean thinks of a number. He then multiplies it by 5, adds 2, divides the
result by 4 and the answer is 13. What was the number?
2 The two equal sides of an isosceles triangle have lengths (x + 2) cm and
(
3x + 4
4 )
cm. How long are they?
3 The sum of the squares of two consecutive integers is 113. Form a
quadratic equation and solve it to find the two possible pairs of integers.
4 The diameters of two concentric circles are (x + 4) cm and (x + 6) cm and
the area between them is 10π cm2. What are their radii?
5 The area of a square of side (x + 2) cm is four times the area of a square of
side x cm. Form an equation in x and solve it to find the dimensions of the
two squares.
6 Ross throws a ball horizontally from a height of 1.6 metres above the side
of a hill so that its trajectory follows the line of greatest slope.
y

8 m s–1

1.6 m

0 x

Taking the origin as the point where Ross is standing, and the initial speed
of the ball as 8 m s−1 the path of the ball is given by the pair of simultaneous
equations x = 8t and y = 1.6 − 5t2, where t is the time in seconds.
The equation of the side of the hill is given by y = −0.5x.
Find the value of t when the ball first bounces off the hillside.

8
7 A tube of sweets has a circular cross-section of diameter 6 cm and a volume
of 500 cm3.
(i) What is the height of the tube to the nearest millimetre?
3
The top and the base are made of metal and the wall of the tube is made of

Chapter 3 Applications of equations and inequalities in one variable


cardboard.
(ii) W
 hat are the dimensions of the piece of cardboard to the nearest
millimetre?
8 A cat is sitting on the garden wall when it sees a mouse 2 m away
horizontally. The wall is 1.25 m high and the cat jumps horizontally from
the wall with speed u m s−1 and lands on the mouse.
The position of the cat at time t seconds is given in metres by coordinates
(x,y) relative to an origin at the base of the wall.
The horizontal acceleration of the cat is zero and the vertical acceleration is
10 m s−2 downwards.

Using s = ut + 1 at 2 find the initial speed of the cat.


2

u m s–1

1.25 m

2m

Exercise 3.2 Linear and quadratic inequalities and their


illustrations
1 Solve each of the following inequalities and illustrate the solution on a
number line.
(i) 4(x − 1) > 3(x − 2) (ii) 4(x − 1) ˘ 3(x − 2)
(iii) 4(x − 1) < 3(x − 2) (iv) 4(x − 1) ¯ 3(x − 2)
2 Solve each of the following inequalities and illustrate the solution on a
number line.
(i) (x + 3) (x − 4) < 0 (ii) (x + 3) (x − 4) ¯ 0
(iii) (x + 3) (x − 4) > 0 (iv) (x + 3) (x − 4) ˘ 0

9
3 Express each of the line segments drawn in bold type in algebraic form.
3 (i) y (ii) y
2 2
1 1

x x
–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2
–1 –1
–2 –2

–3 –3

(iii) y (iv) y
2 2
1 1

x x
–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2
–1 –1
Chapter 3 Applications of equations and inequalities in one variable

–2 –2

–3 –3

4 Find the solution sets identified in each of the following graphs.


(i) y
4
3

2
1

x
–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4
–1
–2
–3

–4

–5

–6

–7

(ii) y
3

2
1

x
–1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–1
–2

–3

–4

–5

10
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