UFCEKJ-20-3
Professional, Ethical and Policy issues
Assignment Guide, Resources & Tips
o Assignment
– Specification
– What you need to do
– How tutors can help
– How you will be marked
o Privacy and mobile technology
o Resources
– Reading: Tavani (chap. 5)
– Check Blackboard for
• Supporting texts
• Online video and audio presentations
The rise of social networking online means that people no
longer have an expectation of privacy, according to Facebook
founder Mark Zuckerberg.
(http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2010/jan/11/faceboo
k-privacy) Do you agree?
Google streetview car
Assignment
o Theoretically informed analysis of impact of new media
on privacy
o Contemporary issue relating to key categories:
– Time/space, knowledge/information, embodiment/virtuality.
o Need to consider if there are privacy issues that are
unique to mobile internet
o Four characteristics worth noting:
– The amount of personal information that is available or gathered.
– The speed at which personal information can be accessed.
– The duration of time in which the information can be retained.
– The kind of information that can be available.
Assignment
Consider 3 theories of privacy
Accessibility Privacy is defined in terms of one's physically
Privacy "being let alone," or freedom from intrusion
into one's physical space.
Decisional Privacy is defined in terms of freedom from
Privacy interference in one's choices and decisions.
Informational Privacy is defined as control over the flow of
Privacy one's personal information, including the
transfer and exchange of that information.
Use these categories to examine how mobile technology
affects the nature and limits of privacy
Privacy
o Conventional ICT privacy concerns
1. data-gathering techniques used to collect and record personal
information, often without the knowledge and consent of users.
2. data-exchanging techniques used to transfer and exchange
personal data across and between computer databases, typically
without the knowledge and consent of users.
3. data-mining techniques used to search for patterns implicit in
large databases in order to generate consumer profiles based on
behavioral patterns discovered in certain groups
o Similar privacy concerns with mobile technology
1. Online locative behavioural targeting.
2. Posting content about others without their knowledge and/or
consent.
3. The harvesting of personal data by the hosts, governments and
third parties.
4. Imbalances of power relationships.
5. ……………………….
Privacy
o Useful audio-visual resources
– Viktor Mayer-Schonberger, Delete: the virtue of
forgetting in the digital age
– D J Solove, The Future of Reputation: Gossip,
Rumor, and Privacy on the Internet
– Helen Nissenbaum, Privacy in Context
Assignment
o Essay of up to 2,500 words (minimum 1500 words)
– A reasoned and balanced argument or discussion of the
issue
• Don’t plagiarize
• Keep to the marking criteria guideline
– Proof-read for spelling and grammar
• Not just spell-checked
– Include references
• Check library for referencing conventions
– Hand-in by 10th April 2014.
Assignment
o Marking
– Fail < 40%
– Third 40 – 50%
– II (ii) 50-60%
– II (i) 60- 70%
– First 70% +
o Marking criteria:
– Understanding of basic concepts (30 marks)
– Application of the course material to the issues raised in
the question including quality of the argument (30 marks)
– Excellence and originality (20 marks)
– Presentation (10 marks)
– Background reading and referencing (10 marks)
Assignment
o Tips
o Avoid rhetoric and anecdote
o Plan and structure your essay
o Answer the question and keep to the point
o Try to supply evidence/citations for any
claims made
o Use academic sources
o Don’t plagiarize
Privacy
o Privacy as concept
– What is it
– How and why it is valued
o Privacy as right
– The right to be left alone
– How it is (or should be) protected
• By society
• By law
• By policy
• By technology
o Understandings of privacy have changed radically
through history
o Open to reinterpretation during technological change
Privacy
o Historically, depended on the type of
architecture. E.g.
• Changes in living spaces and city architecture
• Denied in some institutions, e.g. prisons,
workhouses, asylums, industrial factories.
o Also linked to:
• Technology innovation, eg
• Postal system, photography, telephone, TV, ICT
• Rise of print culture
• Rise of individualism and liberal democracy
o Some key theoretical frameworks
o Alan Westin
Privacy and Freedom (1967), Information Technology
in a Democracy (1971)
o Helen Nissenbaum
Privacy as Contextual Integrity (2004)
o Herman Tavani
o Accessibility privacy
o Decisional privacy
o Informational privacy
