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Chapter 1
Introduction
A note on the use of these ppt slides:
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and delete slides (including this one) and slide content to suit your needs. Networking: A Top
They obviously represent a lot of work on our part. In return for use, we only
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If you use these slides (e.g., in a class) that you mention their source
(after all, we’d like people to use our book!)
6th edition
If you post any slides on a www site, that you note that they are adapted Jim Kurose, Keith Ross
from (or perhaps identical to) our slides, and note our copyright of this
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Addison-Wesley
March 2012
Thanks and enjoy! JFK/KWR
All material copyright 1996-2012
J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved
Introduction 1-1
Chapter 1: introduction
our goal: overview:
• get “feel” and • what’s the Internet?
terminology • what’s a protocol?
• more depth, detail • network edge; hosts, access net,
physical media
later in course
• network core: packet/circuit
• approach: switching, Internet structure
– use Internet as • performance: loss, delay, throughput
example • security
• protocol layers, service models
• history
Introduction 1-2
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Chapter 1: roadmap
1.1 what is the Internet?
1.2 network edge
end systems, access networks, links
1.3 network core
packet switching, circuit switching, network structure
1.4 delay, loss, throughput in networks
1.5 protocol layers, service models
1.6 networks under attack: security
1.7 history
Introduction 1-3
What’s the Internet: “nuts and bolts” view
PC • millions of connected computing mobile network
server devices:
– hosts = end systems global ISP
wireless
laptop – running network apps
smartphone
home
communication links network
fiber, copper, radio, regional ISP
wireless satellite
links transmission rate:
wired bandwidth
links
Packet switches: forward packets
router (chunks of data) institutional
routers and switches network
Introduction 1-4
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“Fun” internet appliances
Web-enabled toaster +
weather forecaster
IP picture frame
http://www.ceiva.com/
Tweet-a-watt:
monitor energy use
Slingbox: watch,
control cable TV remotely
Internet
refrigerator Internet phones
Introduction 1-5
What’s the Internet: “nuts and bolts” view
mobile network
• Internet: “network of networks”
– Interconnected ISPs global ISP
• protocols control sending, receiving
of msgs home
– e.g., TCP, IP, HTTP, Skype, 802.11 network
regional ISP
• Internet standards
– RFC: Request for comments
– IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force
institutional
network
Introduction 1-6
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What’s the Internet: a service view
mobile network
• Infrastructure that provides
services to applications: global ISP
– Web, VoIP, email, games, e-
commerce, social nets, …
home
• provides programming network
interface to apps regional ISP
– hooks that allow sending
and receiving app programs
to “connect” to Internet
– provides service options,
analogous to postal service
institutional
network
Introduction 1-7
What’s a protocol?
human protocols: network protocols:
• “what’s the time?” • machines rather than
• “I have a question” humans
• introductions • all communication activity
in Internet governed by
… specific msgs sent protocols
… specific actions taken protocols define format, order
when msgs received, or of msgs sent and received
other events among network entities,
and actions taken on msg
transmission, receipt
Introduction 1-8
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What’s a protocol?
a human protocol and a computer network protocol:
Hi TCP connection
request
Hi TCP connection
response
Got the
time? Get http://www.awl.com/kurose-ross
2:00
<file>
time
Q: other human protocols?
Introduction 1-9
Chapter 1: roadmap
1.1 what is the Internet?
1.2 network edge
end systems, access networks, links
1.3 network core
packet switching, circuit switching, network structure
1.4 delay, loss, throughput in networks
1.5 protocol layers, service models
1.6 networks under attack: security
1.7 history
Introduction 1-10
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The network edge:
• end systems (hosts):
– run application programs
– e.g. Web, email
– at “edge of network”
• client/server model
– e.g. Web browser/server;
email client/server
– Distributed applications
• peer-peer model:
– minimal (or no) use of
dedicated servers
– e.g. Skype, BitTorrent
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Network edge: connection-oriented service
Goal: data transfer TCP service [RFC 793]
between end systems • reliable, in-order byte-
• handshaking: setup a stream data transfer
connection for data – loss: acknowledgements
transfer ahead of time and retransmissions
• flow control:
• TCP - Transmission – sender won’t overwhelm
Control Protocol receiver
– Internet’s connection- • congestion control:
oriented service – senders “slow down sending
rate” when network
congested
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Network edge: connectionless service
Goal: data transfer between end systems
• UDP - User Datagram Protocol [RFC 768]:
– No handshaking – less work!
– Less delay
– Internet’s connectionless service
• unreliable data transfer
• no flow control
• no congestion control
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TCP vs. UDP
App’s using TCP:
• HTTP (Web), FTP (file transfer), Telnet
(remote login), SMTP (email)
App’s using UDP:
• streaming media, teleconferencing, DNS,
Internet telephony, network games
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