Intermediate Algebra
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
recall the different types of factoring,
solve quadratic equations by factoring,
relate the importance of factoring in real-life
situations,
instill the value of the different factors in building a
good relationship.
FIRST
MEETING
Historical Note
It is often claimed that the
Babylonians (about 400 BC) were the first to solve
quadratic equations. This is an oversimplification, for the
Babylonians had no notion of an ‘equation.’ What they
did develop was an algorithmic approach to solving
problems which, in our terminology, would give rise to a
quadratic equation. The quadratic equation comes from
a method called completing the square and then solving
for x.
finding what to multiply together to
get an expression. It is like
"splitting" an expression into a
multiplication of simpler
expressions.
What is the purpose of factoring quadratic
expressions?
Through factoring, we rewrite our
polynomials in a simpler form, and
when we apply the principles
of factoring to equations, we yield a lot
of useful information.
Math Connect
1. What are the most important
factors in building a good
relationship?
2. How do you deal with the people
around you?
In life, we should consider the different
factors in building good relationship with
other people for us to yield a sense of
maturity as well as a desire to live in a
positive environment. Understanding,
compassion, and resolution, will give us a
positive impact on a relationship.
RECALL!
Complete the table below.
Quadratic Expressions Can it be Factors
factored?
2
𝑥 + 4𝑥 Yes 𝑥 𝑥+4
2
𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 1 No Not Applicable
2
𝑥 − 12𝑥 − 28 Yes 𝑥 + 2 𝑥 − 14
2
4𝑥 + 20𝑥 + 25 Yes 2𝑥 + 5 2𝑥 + 5
2
6𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2 Yes 3𝑥 + 2 2𝑥 − 1
2
𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 16 No Not Applicable
How do you factor quadratic equations?
𝟐
Quadratic Equation: 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄
Note:
Case 1: if 𝒄 = 𝟎 in the Quadratic equation, then
common monomial factoring is used
Case 2: if 𝒂 ≥ 𝟏 in the Quadratic equation, use the
ac test to determine if it is factorable. It can also
be a basis in determining the needed factors.
SOLVING QUADRATIC
EQUATIONS BY FACTORING
To solve a quadratic equation using this
method, write it in the general form
𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎.
𝟐
Note: If the discriminant is a perfect square number, then
the trinomial is factorable.
Steps:
1. Transform the equation into its general form if
necessary.
Transpose all terms to the left side of the
equation.
Clear the equation of all fractions if necessary.
Remove the parentheses
If 𝑎 (quadratic coefficient) is negative you need
to multiply all the terms by -1.
Steps:
2. Combine like terms if there are.
3. Factor the left side of the
equations.
4. Equate each factor by zero.
5. Solve the equations in Step 4.
Note: Roots can either be integer or fraction
(no need to convert it to decimal).
Check the roots by substituting it in the original
equation.
𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝟐
𝒙 = −𝟕
Transform in 2
𝑥 + 7𝑥 = 0
standard form
𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 7 and 𝑐 = 0
Discriminant
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
2
𝐷= 7 −4 1 0
𝐷 = 49 − 0
𝐷 = 49
The discriminant is a perfect square therefore it
is factorable.
EXAMPLE: 𝟐
𝒙 = −𝟕 2
Factors 𝑥 +7𝑥 = 0
𝑥 𝑥+7 =0
The other factor is 𝑥 + 7.
Equate each factor One of the factors is 𝑥.
We equate it to zero then solve
to zero then solve We equate it to zero
for 𝑥.
then solve for 𝑥.
for the roots
𝐱+𝟕=𝟎
𝐱=𝟎
𝐱 = −𝟕
Roots/Zeros/Soluti
ons
0, −7
EXAMPLE: 𝟐
𝒙 = −𝟕 2
Factors 𝑥 +7𝑥 = 0
𝑥 𝑥+7 =0
The other factor is 𝑥 + 7.
Equate each factor One of the factors is 𝑥.
We equate it to zero then solve
to zero then solve We equate it to zero
for 𝑥.
then solve for 𝑥.
for the roots
𝐱+𝟕=𝟎
𝐱=𝟎
𝐱 = −𝟕
Roots/Zeros/Soluti
ons
0, −7
EXAMPLE: 𝟐
𝒙 = −𝟕
Checking
If 𝑥 = 0 If 𝑥 = −7
2 2
𝑥 = −7𝑥 𝑥 = −7𝑥
2 2
0 = −7 0 −7 = −7 −7
0=0 49 = 49
TRUE TRUE
𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝟐
𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙 = 𝟐𝟖
Transform in 𝑥 2 − 12x − 28 = 0
general form 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −12 and 𝑐 = −28
Discriminant
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
2
𝐷 = −12 − 4 1 −28
𝐷 = 144 − −112
𝐷 = 144 + 112)
𝐷 = 256
The discriminant is a perfect square therefore it is factorable.
𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝟐
𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙 = 𝟐𝟖
Factors
Equate each factor One of the factors is 𝑥. The other factor is 𝑥 + 7.
to zero then solve We equate it to zero then We equate it to zero then solve
solve for 𝑥. for 𝑥.
for the roots
𝐱+𝟐=𝟎 𝐱 − 𝟏𝟒 = 𝟎
𝐱 = −𝟐 𝐱 = 𝟏𝟒
Roots/Zeros/Soluti
ons −2, 14
EXAMPLE: 𝟐
𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙 = 𝟐𝟖
Checking If 𝑥 = −2 If 𝑥 = 14
2
𝑥 − 12𝑥 = 28 2
𝑥 − 12𝑥 = 28
−2 2 − 12 −2 = 28
14 2 −12 14 = 28
4 + 24 = 28
28 = 28 196 − 168 = 28
TRUE 28 = 28
TRUE
Second
Meeting
Intermediate Algebra
EXAMPLE: 𝟐
𝟔𝒙 = −𝒙 + 𝟐
Transform in 2
6𝑥 + x − 2 = 0
standard form
𝑎 = 6, 𝑏 = 1 and 𝑐 = −2
Discriminant 𝐷 = 𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐 2
2
𝐷= 1 − 4 6 −2
𝐷 = 1 − −48
𝐷 = 1 + 48)
𝐷 = 49
The discriminant is a perfect square therefore it is factorable.
EXAMPLE: 𝟐
𝟔𝒙 = −𝒙 + 𝟐 2
Factors 6𝑥 +x − 2 = 0
3𝑥 + 2 2𝑥 − 1 = 0
Equate each 3𝐱 + 𝟐 = 𝟎 𝟐𝐱 − 𝟏 = 𝟎
factor to zero 𝟑𝒙 −𝟐 𝟐𝒙 𝟏
= =
then solve for 𝟑 𝟑 𝟐 𝟐
𝟐 𝟏
the roots − 𝒙=
𝟑 𝟐
Roots/Zeros/So 2 1
{− , }
lutions 3 2
EXAMPLE: 𝟐
𝟔𝒙 = −𝒙 + 𝟐
Checking 2
6𝑥 = −𝑥 + 2 2
2
6𝑥 = −𝑥 + 2
2 2 2
6 −
3
=− −
3
+2 1 1
6 =− +2
2 2
4 2
6 = +2
9 3 1 1
6 = − +2
8 2+6 4 2
= 3 −1+4
3 3 =
2 2
8 8 3 3
= =
3 3 2 2
TRY!
𝟐
𝒙 − 𝟑𝟔 = 𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏𝒙
TRY!
𝟐
−𝟕𝒙 − 𝟑
𝒙 =
𝟐
TRY!
𝟐
𝒙 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟔 = 𝟎
TRY!
𝟐
𝒙 + 𝟕𝒙 = −𝟏𝟎
TRY!
𝟐
𝒙 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟔 = 𝟎
GENERALIZATION
To solve a quadratic equation by factoring,
you first put the equation in general form (ax² +
bx + c = 0), then factor the quadratic
expression into two linear factors, set each
factor equal to zero, and solve for the variable.
Third
Meeting
Intermediate Algebra
Drill and Practice
Solve for the values of x by factoring.
𝑥
= 5𝑥2
2
𝑥 − 16 = 6𝑥
2
3𝑥 + 3 = −5𝑥 + 5
𝑥 2 − 1
2
2𝑥 + 𝑥 =
8
Fourth
Meeting
Intermediate Algebra
Quiz
Time
Intermediate Algebra
