TypeII ON FINDING THE VALUES OF EXPRESSIONS INVOLVING ZEROS OF A QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL EXAMPLE 6 If c.and Bare the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x° — px + q, then find the 1.1 values of i) a? + (ii) + 3 SOLUTION Since o.and B are the zero of the polynomial f(x) = 2? - px + q. a+p-(2)=p and of = 1 = (i) Wehave, a? +B = (a+) - 208> oP +p? = (i) Wehave, [va+B = pand af = 9) EXAMPLE 7 If a and B are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = ax* + bx +c, then evaluate: 1 O@+e EE wares Ww Bt 1 a FO pta 2 SOLUTION Since aand f are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial fla) = ax? + bx aspe—2 and op =£ ( Wehave, 2 +? = (a+)? -208 - ewe) (ii) Wehave, é “ Ba +p (a +B) 208, (aa) 3) Bia @ o n > (iii) We have, 0° +B° = (a +B) ~3aB(a +) 3 = &+p-(=) -3¢(2)- Gv) Wehave, H# + Babe _ Babe ~b* {Using Gi]EXAMPLE a 2 EXAMPLE 8 If and are the zeros ofthe quadratic polyoma f(x) = ax? + bx +c, thn ae ea SOLUTION Since « and Bare the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = ax? + bx +c. a+B=—" and ap =£ @ Wehave, — * of +BY = (2 +p — 202p* > af +B* = {(a+p)? - 208}* -2( ap)? [Using ()] ot, pt _ Wau 2d e ee ‘TypelII ON FINDING AN UNKNOWN WHEN A RELATION BETWEEN ZEROS AND COEFFICIENTS 1S GIVEN EXAMPLE 9 [fecand Bare the zeros ofthe polynomial f(x) = x? 5x +k such that a.-B=1, find the value ofk SOLUTION Since a.and f are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x" ~5x +k wt (2) mts [Given} (apy =1 (a+)? ~ 408 =1 1 CURR Uae, Hence, the value of kis 6.EXAMPLE10 If cand Bare the zeros ofthe quadratic polynomial f(x) = kx? + 4x +4 such they 0? +B? = 24, find the values ofk SOLUTION Since a and Bare the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f)=k? taxed arp 4 jand a8 = Now, of +p = 24 > (a+)? - 208 = 24 = = > = > = > 2 = kator ka? rian 5 Hence, k= -lor,k = EXAMPLE 11 If, Bare the zer0s ofthe polynomial f(x) = 2x2 + 5x +k satisfying the relation 2 a a +B? + af then find the value ofk for this to be possible. SOLUTION Since aand f are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = 2x? + 5x +k. Q oJ a ey a+B 3 md of 2 Now, 2 «p+ 0p = 2! a +B + 0B =2 > (2 +B + 2a) - of = = (a+ pF -op = eee ageaeere +p=-Sandap =f]= k=2 EXAMPLE 12 _Ifsumtofthe squares of zeros ofthe quadratic polynomial f(x) = x7 ~8x + k is 40, find the value of k SOLUTION Let at, be thezeros of the polynomial f(x) = x* - 8x +k. Then, o+B= (2)=santon« Wisgrentut o? +p? = 40 (a+)? ~20 = 40 8? —2k 2k = 64-40 2k = 24 => k= 12 Type IV ON FINDING A QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL WHEN THE SUM AND PRODUCT OF ITS ZEROS ARE GIVEN EXAMPLE 13. Find a quadratic polynomial each with the given numbers as the sum and product of its zeros respectively [-a+B=8 and af =k] vuud 1 @ L 1 INCERT] ( V2gINCERT] (ii) 0, v5 [NCERT] SOLUTION We know that a quadratic polynomial when the sum and product of its zeros are given by {flx) = k{x2 ~ (Gum of the zeros) x + Product of the zeros} , Where kis a constant, @ Required quadratic polynomial f(x) is given by 1 fl)= (2 -1s-1) Gi) Required quadratic polynomial f(x) is given by fo) =4( 2 -Vis+4) Required quadratic polynomial f(x) is given by fle) = k (2? Ox + V5) = k(x? + V5) EXAMPLE 14 If cand fare the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = polynomial whose zeros are 20+1 and 2B +1. SOLUTION Since cand Bare the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x* = x-2. “ a+p=-(-1)=1 and of = SE erase cas ae aaa =x-2, finda $= (2a+1)+(2B+1) = Aa+p)+2=2x1+2=4 fe a+B=0 and, P = (2a +1)(2B +1) = 4a + 20 + 28 +1 = 4aB+2(a +B) +1 > Pr4x-2+2x141=-84+2+1=-5Hence, required polynomial is g(r) =k? —Sr# P= h(a? 4-9) EXAMPLE 15. If cand Bare the zeros ofthe quadratic polynomial f(x) = 2x? ~5x+7, find polynomial whose zeros are 20.+ 38, and 3a.+ 2B. SOLUTION Since aand fare the zeros of the quadratic polynomial. f(x ie 2 5 = s atpa-(-5)-Fmtat=7 sum and product of zeros ofthe required polynomial here k is any non-zero constant. =2x7—5r+7, Let Sand P denote respectively the: Then, setae! $= (20+38) + (30+ 29) = 5(a-+B) = 5x2 & and, P = (20+ 3B)(3a + 28) = P= 6(a2 +62) + 13aB = 6a + 66 +128 + a = 6(a +B) +08 = p=6x(3) prea Oe erat) 7) ae a Hence, the required polynomial g(x) is given by (x2 -Sx+P) = po)st(2-Br vat) whetsay ona alnanbe o EXAMPLE 16 If wand Bare the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = 3x? — 4x41, finda aes ‘quadratic polynomial whose zeros are = and ez SOLUTION Since and Bare the zeros of the polynomial f(x ost (A)vfimt ob! Let S and P denote respectively the sum and pr sroduct of the zeros of the polynomial whose ose DY ay 14 gop carp? —sopiarp (3) “285°S _ _ ‘op - iz 9 3 ooh coped and, re Ba op 3 Hence, the required polynomial g(x) is given by (x) = k(x? 5 Sx + P) / ak(2-Brat Co sx) w(x 3% 5), where kis any non-zero real number.EXAMPLE 17 Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeros are reciprocals of the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = ax? + bx +c,a 40,40. SOLUTION Let a.and be the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = ax? + bx +c. Then, B48 =" and up Let S and P denote respectively the sum and product of the zeros of a polynomial whose 1 1 zerosare 7 and =. Then, B b Band P c ices eal ap @ a Hence, the required polynomial g(x) is given by BC) =K(4-Se4 Pak (a2 +48), where k is any non-zero constant.1. Find the zeros of each of the following quadratic polynomials and verify the relationship between the zeros and their coefficients: @ f(x) =x? -2x-8 [NCERT] (ii) _g(s) = 4s* - 4s +1 [NCERT] (iii) h(t) = ? -15 [NCERT] (iv) 6x? -3-7x [NCERT] (v) p(x) =x? +2V2x-6 (vi) q(x) = V3x? + 10x +73 (vil) fx) =x? -(3 + 1)x+V3 (viii) g(x) = a(x? +1)- x(a? +1) 2. If a and are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial p(x) = 4x” - 5x - 1, find the value of «2B + af. 3. If a and f are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(t) = f? - 4 + 3, find the value of ap? +a°pt, . If a and are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x? - 5x +4, find the - fie value of — += ~ 2a. ap sw . If « and f are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial p(y) = 5y? - 7y +1, find the value of 241, a B 6. Ifa and B are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 - x — 4, find the value