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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING ec2sBI023
ASSIGNMENT 06 Kk Tagedich check Linge
neo
DY The Zhansfowm 19 used Lo analyte ciscrele Line Fignals & Syslems
Ve converls kime domain signal into Prequency (Complex) drain
Kor o disaele hme aignal scCn),E-Lranslerm 16 defined as:
X(e)e Seca 29 aerel®: ROC
ne
2 Conkinuous RV- Groen a Conegerts)
Sanibigances
There are Some signals which co no} Obey chrchlel Condibions 50 ee Ue
hig Jo Convert these Gignals Lo Hequancy doa” -
° Suplifes “ConVolulion achich aaill be rmalliplia}20n 19 2
3 Ree Df the %--hansform provides she glability ond aousabty af the Sen
3 eh in Ee-rel® i call be (TFT -
dovai.
2D Time dling Propely
he} 2cn) be @ Diserele
discrete signel zatosbm via) ROCER iP kxO> Roe: 15 @R- fof
aC Cn) &——> be CSR 1p KeOy ROG TIS feo}!
£(n- kK) < oes, zk X(z)
fame Signal ® xCn-1) be a advanced
Prod: seGn) 2X)
xn) anak
7 a Cenk —
3 hs Yn) ox Crt
2 a =, -
Ca): Yer ¥” gone "py xeve”
Inder nen -k 3) mami
-(n =
YE0) = Sree EON ERS seem”
a0 em
2 @*X(e) > Mlerence ko Urilaloal » Plalerel:z Tne
ve uslaleral E-Lronslerm 18 obfnedd Only Le -aon-resalive Values -
of disciele lime index, Lyrically Glas ling fom mea. Mabemdicahy, 7
B excpressedas X(z), SF xcGoy 27? This Rens Polliculady asd ia sydems
z med : 7
mares signals ore Cousal (slots al aco)- Unilaleral) Zrenclom ConV-
Inenlly tcorporales inilial conditions . hich makes it especially Gutable .
Bo Sheng difference eqealions -
the Bilaleral elrandor, also known 05 the lao Sided z-bransborm,
(5 deflned Over the enkire cange an, Lom oo bo aa-lt iS given by
X(t)e Saenz this Va sion 16 Generally used 0 aignl procesirg @, |
Nike udloleral Ram , it does act adiecthy |
lal,
5 ROC (Region oP conergonce)s-
The Region of Gonvergence CROC) isthe Seb af complexe Values .
of z-win Z-pane for eshich 4 -Tronslom of a signal
Converges bo & Lrile Value - 10 4the t2ronslomn of a piscrele aime sigral Cn) sy
XO SY ccayen
thea the Rac 19 Ihe Paaate he Complex %-Pere cohero this infinile .
Suis Con\erges absolulely -
Irmpottance ef” ROC!
Ddermines Conver gece:
“he £-Tiansloun Ony exids for those Values of % echore ‘the Series Con verger-
cailhoul specs ying the roc, E “Trans(omn 16 incomplele -
2) Defines Gyshem praedtes Ihe stability © Gausalily .
3) pubinguiches belceen Sigrak, cilh same grtanshorg becouse the
Roce cailt be difPerenk -
SB Conditions Aor Eraglence of. zTianelen :
ciek Lime signal =20n). fhe tiTrenslorm {5 delired as,
a
XC Do KEN!”
oa
For a Dr
IL exisls Ory ccheo?-
The Series CnRnile) is absdulely Surbmable in Some region of
Confort (plane Son gk
3 ROC rust be con emply or single pout. a
3 The zTranstorm 15 Acfined over the Complexe plane, 1} is de not
Awd af poles. (The Pores chore Transle Rnclion becomes tee). the
ROC must aol Include any reles
we Ain). Pu Ca)
cu) . 00
X@e Ratruners > wee,
me-oo 2
zmtf tyoedeBa pat fie pe)
ial WHT ig, 1 tld dilfereaialing, On-b:s
me0 1-Y
oF '
ny \ i F
= * a amulily both sides by
Smq7yts 7
cond Gam. & 2 (Sar): Saree!
"20 ord
multiply boll sides ay
Ply :
z aye to CHY) , |r
Swed (Aa) ) Iles
m0 ay vr)
” ZTenslermal” xn) 15
X22) Roos tei!
ea
0 bles ZTranslorm & Laplace Fars form:
iscrete ime sigral 1
“The e=Translorm 16 vepresenlation Pad
Frequency domain: echereas, The Laplace Tranalbrm 1s. vepresenlaleo
of a Gonlinucus tyme sigral 10 frequency cbrrain-
Laplace Troralm of ocC);- Acree ol Cn) 3-
Xs): F accuses XE xore™
oe
he ZThansWorm Gonbe deived Slom toe Laplace Fenshorm usirg Yhe
dal tolervals
gomple
Sampling process. a Gab muoustn {cect 19 Somp
re Signe!
Or, aeCade £COV)
. emp y(0)15 te Laplace Taneor ef Ct) cThon the teen
of Sampled Sigral 182° a
xX)» XO). toe @ te
T
qiranstoan 19 the Laplace
Ge BOE 5 as deus cel
Tiansloon of a gampled sigral, evaluated at spec pomlsin the
Complex plone 7 %
Gontolulion 1a Z-dorain
“The Coniclylion theorem slales thal aonvelution 1 the Hime clmrain
Corresponds bomultiplicalion tn z- dora in.
x(n) +> Xe) , hn) +25 H(z)
YCa)= sen) hen) = acti) hor) 425 Xz) H@)
Proofs. “
YGn)= Gn) ahem) ¢ e: achCa-k)
YO: Zgeve ”, z (Ez scoheo) 2",
me nak ane TAH
Yeu), Seo 5 hen-r) 2")
ca
St htn-k)Z = 5 him ye) gts hone m, TEU)
Ns
ong HEX)
Y@)= Exw TRAN: pe Sxtoe"*
+ acCn) xhén) <> HEX
Prikial. 8 Final Value Theorerno of tne 2 Pte & Lg rTeenalren
trivial 8 re
Dahal value Thaw
WP x00, Leavie!
1k corks becouse fi 3 just
he Seexling berm (0)
Final Value Theorem )
inal Velue en
it | 6a) 01569, then:
value MO
{f 2ccn) 19 causal © Sal
Me acon) = tk (= 2 RO
ne te)
65 Conditions for validily >
the (uel mast axisl
> Ail poles of XC2) sgl We nsido the en Cirle, accep} possibly a Smple pole at
Eel
> f abere ave poles oulside or Oa-he unl circle (oedading te) Abe theorem
15 wok Valid
® “hs anverse- €TeansTorro means Gading the line -domain Sequence
Ye
tk
ceCa) Cortegpording Jo agien z-domain expresoien X(E) “There ore 2 rrelfeds
\) Powter series Expanso? When X@ 15 a roloral Rnction
a Express X(@ as o poser geres n Ehe
>. pay Porm long division or geometic expansion
7 Rad off the GelPicients as the Sequence 26a) ’
2) Portia Rackior Explrston > For calioral Risclions cxth Kknaon pole
eal
-5 Hecompase X(2) alo -paitial Bloctions locations: |
4 Match each fer oth a. know? J Trondform par
~ yse the ROC fo determine causolity
3) Coatour Palegralion
—sused Lor more Treorelt cal @ Conplee anal 9i9 5 ashen ACE) has poles
kr
D ROG 16 - 4G1'0 Closed amour asthin the
reeode she bx@wertde- Ro,
c. a bududle using residues ob He
> Find the seo Poles of x(zyz7l
4 resides of sexye™" ol she pbs side tho Con
‘Add Sher 40 Compule xen) . ae
A@e 1 _
Eve »d
sing pasliol Roclion’ .
cs Ay
X@) Sor .
Ay YOR, E-Ae Le
be, Me, (-2)G@-3) ee “|
6 Be x@OEDise :
wat ae OO ag |
X@)e - = + J
Bed 23
= Baan) 52! tl gumjyol &
Z-a Ee sy re)
xn) = Pucn)- au Cn)e (B= 2") um)
2 xXw:
7-05
using Abe veoidue method -
ra PO lat Xeyerte 2 EL
a Zio, e079
twos (Zo Z-0% = Hee ae ey )
2 Esyucr
» X(e)e 2x ;
geing Power 9er7 er method -
Yee pxoe” 50, X@* grr Tee
@e Gn means
Xe)? oa sit hee sYe Bee ” cinyorgcilh
XO: Soane 9
2) On): aun)
Ja{e1,90 Sequence decays ee 2°
WD heb xGn)e a7 UC)
XG@)« ze" en. S@ety Qe we"
ae
me yt 7 ¥ (atotal
XO gre Z-a. VG The 6a Pa Rurction
he ralio of texo polynomials met ley WT for 0 pisorele dme signal ‘xc On)
Xe FS xeye
10 exe diflaentiale on bob sles irl &
axe)
Sw, (Beene ao 4 AME) S* Lxeneme
Aw, Super BY one), oil, fee”
06
5 zAXe
S-z Axe) Secoe” 2 Z{naln}= -t eX)
B® Xa@)e Lz
1-0-bet
using ley division
. [0520298 = olst% --
opel} jz
1-058"
meacose hale
-ODE
30°be ‘yo: BE™
= O28F 3
ease 2 NIE
=O
OTe eh rvoswt'
ppOseb eee
es =6.0805 eT
# -
XM): 1-082 gape 9.1Be% -- + -
Goparn
HF XE) = WY) 0G) eV pclae
KCoyz} LCIe-0-S WC2)z-0-26 . - --9 Hn) E°5)"UC)
® Loe o" uCn)
X) = $ sccnee™”
23 7 een 72S glare-n
Xd), Seer, -
m0 Sm
jeertfet 9 tet> te |
bal eo let >t
° a) xCn)2 2742"
Assume signal at
2) xCn)s Gr ss4e)
2 Jo
XW: F (ora uc) e 26 Sa er SOE?
6 Causal
am nO fico
2 Le yy Saye ‘ root: I2e'l<)
v- a ioe es
@® “© roca: yaetl S lel 73
xXte, 4 LL, eRoc+lelys
1-281 \-3t1
> x(n) <2 X(2) Py =
= nvr) 4B 9-2 OO Xe SO 0
es ane
Ke). A L(Zeoe)+ 2 E cen) 4 a
Axe, Exo coer e Lneoer
wale by % on best adele) eSneee”
qa@
E[mxO)}e -Z due)
2D- xe, 2 4 X®, 3a!
Dwet Ea (2-5 (e-2)
Kw
qt eyt eo
\
Ae £@),eafe Ll = > 1 ge X@eod|s Zila!
ey .
K@ Ny ty XCED: a
eos? E Set yaa
©» Rost: le']sl 2)vevr
Xe Cn)= .2UCN) - Cn) Roce: Joe dl (e192
xtopz (2"-J)uCn) am Xz), tt
Zl
oe i ae
er ye1s ENED x00) hh xeayer'ce
Poles $41, 3* mordl residues
yeayert, eae
— _ Res {xcee "| » abe ~
(2S - -3) d at . dss + )
Res( Xto2") Ries Y gee ot) Ce) eel Burau
pr EN Es) *
Pes(x(Det) (2-9) 7 ;
yer etl en
vf eons
293 EDD anes
= kept s.2 OP".
“koe cacy +2"!
BD ye, BE — ‘using long divietan rnelhod -
ceeach,
~
eee] a
ey 08?
—5rt4008?
_DUngeEe 52027
Bot +z0et
362° ape t 70 _
feo a eee
69¥ +2108 °
ae, on 8- 2go8*
. TEBE es sn0e
X@) 2 @rottrerr, B52 eset + 2108
XGn), (3 78
m2
35, 10%
65,024
WMOsn25
#: S0On a> X (Ede.
aol of” denomnina lor
es
Bee2er 2
2, posletee
~ Uy) (GO te at\y-B- at oye °
& e atyy 8. 2 2A", 144
lwo ad al ze 8 Pt *
con: om yeraty yoyo 2 _—
bxwers i) x _ eee
: ed
xb) aad eae,
$e)
Reso. ay PG So adr ay”?
Reseews Peed~ ME aE UO? Eo 4
aot 2
=3y
RH O- i, (2-trie - a aur”
COs Lt {Res eayy Prd) © Serres A ReSeary,
J
syn. net oe
xt) HP UI [erat ‘l
Bixee Z Power Series expanse?
€& veo
X@) A -B
. ca ee) © git ae
Ae). AC-2e)eB-e & (ana) 2h =»
eBe| y -2A-B20) Be-2A) A Mt Ae
USING,
ele]
X@)2 = a 7
et to aes - Se Dy 2 Sere)
Xd fc gotten?
> aC (m= 42h, no 26> y(n) - Or By (n-i)= 2¢Cn)
dang Delay Properly *
yen) <9 YR) YGr-h) Kz" KV)
Yerosetyryexdeyy YO _t
XT)" 1-05 e4
SP ae assume wCn)e SC)
X(ae |
Tom B21) yoy e(osuCn)
Yee EXO.
z-0D
Yee: 1 —
BP xt): eo)
X@)- Scene "2 X(e)e 2S soe
Ne- m-& 8) only exists ‘od TN:0
2 GO) toed ») X(E)e1
25) hO): Osun)
He. 2 78
Cs S Oayrume” Y Gaz”. = ari Pz lost t{) 9 X(z)=} 9 yee te a) §on)e yacn)
D2. He heck 10 ROC inchdes Nelel
cyilon has a peat ero4 — H gael ee
11 Gydern 15 dousal [217 O°F heads O-94Ca)
2 A Cousal L17 syelem 1S BIBO S Jab iff) ROO clades oe ‘umt cocle
“7 og 18 121704 includes wil J cele (pe tele!)
, Syslem 1s Giro lable .
