t- Distribution Table
z-Distribution Table
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
Random Variables: (UNIT-3)
1. A random variable X has the following Probability distribution
X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
P(X): K 2K 3K 4K 5K 6K 7K 8K
Find the value of (i) K (ii) P( X ≤ 2) (iii) P(2 ≤ X ≤5)
2. A continuous random variable has the probability density function
−αx
f ( x )={k x e for x> 0∧α >0
0 otherwise
Determine (i) k (ii) Mean (iii) Variance
3. The Probability density function f ( x ) of a continuous random variable is given by
−|x|
f ( x )=c e ,−∞< x< ∞ show that c=1/2 and find the mean and variance of the distribution.
Also find the probability that the variate lies between 0 and 4
Binomial Distribution
1. Ten coins are thrown simultaneously find the probability of getting at least
(i) getting at least Seven heads (ii) getting at least one head (iii) no head
2. 20% of the items produced from a factory are defective. Find the probability that in a
sample of 5 chosen at random
(i) none is defective (ii) one is defective (iii) P(1< x < 4)
3. The probability of John hits the target is 1/2 He fires 6 times. Find the probability that he
hits the target (i) Exactly 2 times (ii) More than 4 times
Poission Distribution
1. If a random variable has a poisson distribution such that P ( 1 )=P ( 2 ) . Find
(i) mean of the distribution (ii)P(4) (iii) P( X ≥ 1) (iv) P(1< X <4)
2. 2% of items of a factory are defective. The items are packed in boxes. What is the
probability that there will be (i) 2 defective items (ii) at least 3 defective items in a box of
100 items.
3. Average number of accidents on any day on a national highway is 1.8. Determine the
probability that the number of accidents are (i) at least one (ii) at most one
Normal Distribution
1. If the masses of 300 students are normally distributed with mean 68 kgs and standard
deviation 3 kgs, how many students have masses
(i) Greater than 72 kgs (ii) Less than or equal to 64 kgs
2. In normal distribution 7% of items are under 35 and 89% are under 63. Determine the
mean and variance of the distribution
3. The marks obtained in statistics in a certain examination found to be normally distributed. If
15% of the students ≥ 60 marks 40% of the students ≤ 30 marks, find the mean and standard
deviation.
Sampling Distribution (UNIT-4)
A population consists of five numbers 2,3,6,8 and 11. Consider all possible samples of size 2
that can be drawn with replacement from this population. Find
a) The mean of the population
b) The standard deviation of the population
c) The mean of the sampling distribution of means
d) The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of means
2. A population consists of five numbers 2,3,6,8 and 11. Consider all possible samples of size
2 that can be drawn without replacement from this population. Find
a) The mean of the population
b) The standard deviation of the population
c) The mean of the sampling distribution of means
d) The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of means
3. Samples of size 2 are taken from the population 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 with replacement from
this population find
a) The mean of the population
b) The standard deviation of the population
c) The mean of the sampling distribution of means
d) The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of means
Central Limit theorem
1.The mean height of the students in a college is 155cms and standard deviation is 15. What is
the probability that the mean height of 36 students is less than 157cms.
2. A Random sample of size 100 is taken from an infinite population having the mean 76 and
variance 256 what is the probability that x will be between 75 and 78.
3. A normal population has mean of 0.1 and standard deviation of 2.1. Find the probability that
mean of sample size 900 will be negative.
Maximum Error & Estimation
1. What is the effect on standard error, if a sample is taken from an infinite population of
sample size is increased from 400 to 900
2. A random sample of size 81 was taken whose variance is 20.25 and mean is 32, construct
98% confidence interval
3. The mean and standard deviation of population are 11.795 and 14.054 respectively. If
n=50 and x=11.795 , find 95% confidence interval for the mean.
Testing of Hypothesis (UNIT-5)
Large samples
1.Mice with an average life span of 32 months will live up to 40 months when fed by a certain
nutritious food and standard deviation of 5.8 months. If 64 mice fed on this diet have an
average lifespan of 38 months, is there any reason to believe that average lifespan is less than
40 months.
2. An ambulance service claims that it takes on the average less than 10 minutes to reach its
destination in emergency calls. A sample of 36 calls has a mean of 11 minutes and the
variance of 16 minutes. Test the significance at 0.05 level.
3. 20 people were attacked by a disease and only 18 survived. Will you reject the hypothesis
that the survival rate if attacked by this disease is 85% in favour of the hypothesis that is more
at 5% level.
4. A sample of the height of 6400 Englishmen has a mean of 67.85 inches and a S.D. of 2.56
inches while a simple sample of heights of 1600 Australians has a mean of 68.55 inches and
S.D of 2.52 inches. Do the data indicate the Australians are on the average taller than the
Englishmen. (use 0.01 level of significance)
5. . In a sample of 500 from a village in Andhra Pradesh, 280 are found to be rice eaters and
the rest are wheat eaters. Can we assume that both articles are equally popular?
6. . A manufacturer claimed that at least 95% of the equipment which he supplied to a factory
conformed to specifications. An examination of a sample of 200 pieces of equipment revealed
that 18 were faulty. Test his claim at 5% level of significance
7. Random samples of 400 men and 600 women were asked whether they would like to have a
flyover near their residence.200 men and 325 women were in favor of the proposal. Test the
hypothesis that proportions of men and women in favor of the proposal are same, at 5% level.
8. A cigarette manufacturing firm claims that its brand A line of cigarettes outsells of brand B
by 8%. If it is found that 42 out of a sample of 200 smokers prefer brand A and 18 out of
another sample of 100 smokers prefer brand B, test whether the 8% difference is a valid claim
Small samples:
1. A sample of 26 bulbs gives a mean life of 𝟗𝟎𝟎 hours with a S.D of 𝟐𝟎 hours. The
manufacturer claims that the mean life of bulbs is 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 hours. Is the sample not up to the
standard
thickness of 𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟓𝒄𝒎. A random sample of 𝟏𝟎 washers was found to have a thickness of
2. A machine is designed to produce insulating washers for electrical devices of average
𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟒𝒄𝒎 with a S.D of 𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝒄𝒎. Test the significance of the deviations at 𝟓% level of
significance
3. The heights of 10 males of a given locality are found to be 70,67,62,68,61,68,70,64,64,66
inches. Is it reasonable to believe that the average height is greater than 64 inches? Test at 5%
level of significance
4. A random sample of 10 bags of pesticide are taken whose weights are
50,49,52,44,45,48,46,45,49,45(in kgs). Test whether the average packing can be taken 50kgs
5. The means of two random samples of sizes 9 and 7 are 196.42 and 198.82 respectively. The
sum of the squares of the deviations from the mean are 26.94 and 18.73 respectively. Can the
sample be considered to have been drawn from the same normal population
6. If two independent random samples of size 𝒏𝟏 = 𝟏𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒏𝟐 = 𝟕are taken from a
normal population. What is the probability that the variance of the first sample will be at least
four times as large as that of the second sample.
7. If independent random samples of size 𝒏𝟏 = 𝟖 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒏𝟐 = 𝟖 come from normal
populations having the same variances, what is the probability that either sample variance will
be at least seven times as large as the other.
