THERMAL PROPERTIES 10

OF MATTER

MCQs with One Correct Answer expansion of mercury is 1.82 × 10–4/ºC and linear
expansion of glass is 0.1 × 10–4 /ºC respectively?
1. Two rods, one of aluminum and the other made (a) 21.2 cc (b) 15.2 cc
of steel, having initial length l1 and l2 are (c) 1.52 cc (d) 2.12 cc
connected together to form a single rod of length 5. The coefficient of linear expansion of crystal in
l1 + l2. The coefficients of linear expansion for one direction is a1 and that in every direction
aluminum and steel are aa and as respectively. perpendicular to it is a2 . The coefficient of
If the length of each rod increases by the same cubical expansion is
amount when their temperature are raised by t°C,
(a) a1 + a2 (b) a1 + 2a2
then find the ratio l1/(l1 + l2).
(c) 2a1 + a2 (d) a1 + a2/2
(a) a s/ a a (b) a a/ a s
6. In a vertical U-tube containing a liquid, the two
(c) a s/( a a + a s) (d) a a/( a a + a s) arms are maintained at different temperatures t1
2. If a graph is plotted taking the temperature in and t2. The liquid columns in the two arms have
Fahrenheit along Y-axis and the corresponding heights l1 and l2 respectively. The coefficient of
temperature in Celsius along the X-axis, it will be volume expansion of the liquid is equal to
a straight line l1 – l2
(a) having a + ve intercept on Y-axis (a)
l2 t1 – l1t2
(b) having a + ve intercept on X-axis
l1 – l2
(c) passing through the origin (b) t1
l1t1 – l2 t2
(d) having a – ve intercepts on both the axis t2
l1 + l2 l1
3. A steel rail of length 5 m and area of cross-section (c)
l t +l t l
40 cm2 is prevented from expanding along its 21 12 2

length while the temperature rises by 10°C. If l1 + l2

coefficient of linear expansion and Young’s (d) l t + l t
11 22
modulus of steel are 1.2 × 10–5 K–1 and 2 × 1011 7. In an experiment a sphere of aluminium of mass
Nm–2 respectively, the force developed in the 0.20 kg is heated upto 150°C. Immediately, it is
rail is approximately: put into water of volume 150 cc at 27°C kept in a
(a) 2 × 107 N (b) 1 × 105 N calorimeter of water equivalent to 0.025 kg. Final
(c) 2 × 10 N 9 (d) 3 × 10–5 N temperature of the system is 40°C. The specific
4. A glass flask of volume one litre at 0°C is filled heat of aluminium is :
full with mercury at this temperature. The flask (take 4.2 joule=1 calorie)
and mercury are now heated to 100°C. How much (a) 378 J/kg – °C (b) 315 J/kg – °C
mercury will spill out, if coefficient of volume (c) 476 J/kg – °C (d) 434 J/kg – °C
 36 PHYSICS

8. A black body at 1227°C emits radiations with 12. Three rods of same dimensions are arranged as
maximum intensity at a wavelength of 5000Å. If shown in figure. They have thermal
the temperature of the body is increased by conductivities K1, K2 and K3 . The points P and
1000°C, the maximum intensity will be observed Q are maintained at different temperatures for
at the heat to flow at the same rate along PRQ and
PQ then which of the following option is correct?
(a) 5000Å (b) 6000Å
R
(c) 3000Å (d) 4000Å 1
(a) K3 = ( K1 + K 2 )
9. Two rods of same length transfer a given amount 2
of heat in 12 second, when they are joined as K1 K2
shown in figure (i). But when they are joined as (b) K3 = K1 + K 2
shown in figure (ii), then they will transfer same
heat in same conditions in K1K 2 P Q
(c) K3 = K3
K1 + K2

l
(d) K3 = 2( K1 + K 2 )
l
l
Fig. (i) Fig. (ii) 13. A copper sphere cools from 62°C to 50°C in 10
minutes and to 42°C in the next 10 minutes.
(a) 24 s (b) 13 s Calculate the temperature of the surroundings.
(c) 15 s (d) 48 s (a) 28°C (b) 26°C
10. Two rigid boxes containing different ideal gases (c) 32°C (d) 62°C
are placed on a table. Box A contains one mole
14. The figure shows a system of two concentric
of nitrogen at temperature T0, while Box B
spheres of radii r1 and r2 kept at temperatures
contains one mole of helium at temperature
T1 and T2, respectively. The radial rate of flow of
æ 7ö heat in a substance between the two concentric
çè ÷ø T0 . The boxes are then put into thermal
3 spheres is proportional to
contact with each other, and heat flows between
them until the gases reach a common final ær ö
temperature (ignore the heat capacity of boxes). (a) ln ç 2 ÷
Then, the final temperature of the gases, Tf in è r1 ø r1
T1
terms of T0 is
(r2 - r1 ) r2 T2
(b)
3 7 (r1 r2 )
(a) T f = T0 (b) T f = T0
7 3
(c) (r2 – r1)
3 5
(c) T f = T0 (d) T f = T0 r1 r2
2 2 (d)
(r2 - r1 )
11. A bullet of mass 10gm moving with a speed of 20
m/s hits an ice block of mass 990gm kept on a 15. A thermometer graduated according to a linear
frictionless floor and gets stuck in it. How much scale reads a value x0 when in contact with
ice will melt if 50% of the lost KE goes to ice ? boiling water, and x0/3 when in contact with ice.
(Initial temperature of the ice block = 0°C, J = 4.2 What is the temperature of an object in °C, if this
J/cal and latent heat of ice = 80 cal/g) thermometer in the contact with the object reads
x0/2?
(a) 0.001 gm (b) 0.002 gm
(a) 25 (b) 60
(c) 0.003 gm (d) None of these
(c) 40 (d) 35
Thermal Properties of Matter 37
16. A long metallic bar is carrying heat from one of

loge (q – q0)
its ends to the other end under steady–state.

loge (q – q0)
The variation of temperature q along the length
x of the bar from its hot end is best described by (a) (b)
which of the following figures?
0 0
q q t t

loge (q – q0)
loge (q – q0)
(a) (b)
x x (c) (d)
q q
0 0
t t

(c) (d) Numeric Value Answer

x x 21. The coefficient of apparent expansion of mercury in
17. 500 g of water and 100 g of ice at 0°C are in a a glass vessel is 153 × 10–6/ºC and in a steel vessel
calorimeter whose water equivalent is 40 g. 10 g is 144 × 10–6/ºC. If a for steel is 12 × 10–6/ºC, then
that of glass (in /°C) is
of steam at 100°C is added to it. Then water in
22. A pendulum clock loses 12 s a day if the
the calorimeter is : (Latent heat of ice = 80 cal/g,
temperature is 40°C and gains 4 s a day if the
Latent heat of steam = 540 cal/ g) temperature is 20° C. The temperature (in °C) at
(a) 580 g (b) 590 g which the clock will show correct time is
(c) 600 g (d) 610 g 23. The temperature of the two outer surfaces of a
composite slab, consisting of two materials
18. Two rods A and B of identical dimensions are at
having coefficient of thermal conductivity K and
temperature 30°C. If A is heated upto 180°C and
2K and thickness x and 4x respectively are T2
B upto T°C, then the new lengths are the same.
and T1 (T2 > T1 ). The rate of heat transfer
If the ratio of the coefficients of linear expansion
through the slab, in a steady state is
of A and B is 4 : 3, then the value of T is :
(a) 230°C (b) 270°C æ A(T2 - T1 )K ö
çè x ÷ø f with f equal to
(c) 200°C (d) 250°C
x 4x
19. A large cylindrical rod of length L is made by
joining two identical rods of copper and steel of T2 K 2K T1
length æç ö÷ each. The rods are completely
L
è 2ø 24. A body cools from 50.0°C to 48°C in 5s. How
insulated from the surroundings. If the free end long (in s) will it take to cool from 40.0°C to 39°C?
of copper rod is maintained at 100°C and that of Assume the temperature of surroundings to be
steel at 0°C then the temperature of junction is 30.0°C and Newton's law of cooling to be valid.
(Thermal conductivity of copper is 9 times that 25. A bakelite beaker has volume capacity of 500 cc
of steel) at 30°C. When it is partially filled with Vm volume
(a) 90°C (b) 50°C (at 30°C) of mercury, it is found that the unfilled
(c) 10°C (d) 67°C volume of the beaker remains constant as
20. A liquid in a beaker has temperature q(t) at time temperature is varied. If g(beaker) = 6 × 10–6 °C–1
t and q0 is temperature of surroundings, then and g(mercury) = 1.5 × 10–4 °C–1, where g is the
according to Newton's law of cooling the correct coefficient of volume expansion, then Vm (in cc)
graph between loge(q – q0) and t is : is close to __________.
 38 PHYSICS

26. M grams of steam at 100°C is mixed with 200 g 29. Two spheres of the same material have radii 1 m
of ice at its melting point in a thermally insulated and 4 m and temperatures 4000 K and 2000 K
container. If it produces liquid water at 40°C [heat respectively. The ratio of the energy radiated
of vaporization of water is 540 cal/ g and heat of per second by the first sphere to that by the
fusion of ice is 80 cal/g], the value of M (in g) is second is
________. 30. At 40oC, a brass wire of 1 mm radius is hung
27. According to Newton’s law of cooling, the rate of from the ceiling. A small mass, M is hung from
cooling of a body is proportional to (Dq)n, where the free end of the wire. When the wire is cooled
Dq is the difference of the temperature of the body down from 40oC to 20oC it regains its original
and the surroundings, and n is equal to length of 0.2 m. The value of M (in kg) is close
28. If the temperature of the sun were to increase to: (Coefficient of linear expansion and Young’s
from T to 2T and its radius from R to 2R, then the modulus of brass are 10–5/oC and 1011 N/m2,
ratio of the radiant energy received on earth to respectively; g = 10 ms–2)
what it was previously will be

ANSW ER KEY
1 (c) 4 (b) 7 (d) 10 (c) 13 (b) 16 (a) 19 (a) 22 (25) 25 (20) 28 (64)
2 (a) 5 (b) 8 (c) 11 (c) 14 (d) 17 (b) 20 (a) 23 (0.33) 26 (40) 29 (1)
–6
3 (b) 6 (a) 9 (d) 12 (c) 15 (a) 18 (a) 21 (9×10 ) 24 (10) 27 (1) 30 (6.28)