Hydropower Engineering Assignment (3) & Worksheet _for
WRIE_4th year_2022/2014 Ec
General guidelines for : Copying is strictly forbidden : Last
date of submission _Feb 15,2022 /ጥር_Compiled by Zeleke K.
(Msc)
Maximum Mark weight = 15 %
Q1) ...... Design a settling basin for high-head power station using the simple settling
theory. The basin should serve to remove particles greater than 0.4mm
diameter from the water in which the sediment is mainly sand. Let the
design discharge be 6m3/s and assume an initial value of 3.2m for the basin
depth. Take the water sediment mixture density to be (=1.064)
Q2) ...... APower canal with a slope of 0.0001044 and R=1.76 m is unlined
with coarse sand bed material. Determine the safe velocity in the canal if the
heaviest bed load in the original canal of the course is G=0. 34kg/m 3. The
water carries silt with an average diameter of 0.1mm. Assume d m= 2.00 mm
as size of bed material and h=2.5m.
Q3 ) ..... .Determine the seepage loss from a power canal constructed in a sandy soil of
medium fineness by the Davis and Wilson, Etch every and kostyakov methods
discussed. The following data are given: Trapezoidal canal:bottom width, b=11.0m,
Water depth, D=2.5m, Side slope 2H: Mean velocity=0.5m/s
Effective coefficient, k=1x105 m/s, Permeability coefficient, k=1x10
tunnel with steel lining embodied in 40 cm concrete has an internal diameter of 300 cm.
IfEst=2.1 xkg/cm2, Ec= 2.1x105 kg/cm2, sta =1200 kg/cm2.The rock is crystallized schist
of mediocre quality with Er = 60,000 kg/cm2 and = 1= 2=0.5mm= 0.05cm and
internal pressure is 25 kg/cm2.Determine the plate thickness of lining.
Q4) .... check the lining of 12 mm thick steel plate backed by 40cm concrete layer in
pressure tunnel of 400 cm internal diameter operating under a head of 200m. E st
=2.1*106kg/cm2,Ec=2.1*105 kg/cm2, m=6, rock is dolomite with E r = 100,00kg/cm2, =
1+ 2 = mm= 0.10m.
Q5) .. A surge chamber 8m in diameter is situated at the downstream end of a low
pressure tunnel 10km long and 3m in diameter. At a steady discharge of 36m3/s the flow
of the turbines is suddenly stopped by closure of the turbine inlet valves. Determine the
maximum rise level in the surge chamber and its time of occurrence..
Q5 ) ...A surge chamber 100m2 in area is situated at the end of a 10,00m long, 5m
diameter tunnel; A steady state discharge of 60m3/s to the turbines is suddenly
stopped by the turbine unlit vive. Neglecting surge chamber losses, determine the
maximum rise in level in the surge chamber and its time of occurrence. Use
dimensionless parameters method and finite difference methods.
Q7) ....A hydropower scheme has a surge tank at the end of a 2020. long tunnel, 4.22 m
in dia. The surge tank, rectangular in section, many be assumed of a circular x-section,
15.85. in dia. Penstock systems cab be represented be a single penstock, 380 m long and
3.41 m diameter, friction factor for tunnel and level id 457.0m with a discharge of 26.2
m3/s .
i) Compute the water hammer pressure, levels of maximum upsurge and down
surge for sudden load rejection using dimensionless parameters.
ii) Evaluate the natural frequency of oscillation using
Q8) .... In a pumped storage hydropower project, water is delivered from the upper
impounding reservoir through a low pressure tunnel and four high pressure penstocks to
the four- pump turbine units. The elevation of the impounding reservoir water level is
500 m a.m.s and the elevation of the d/s reservoir WL is 200m AOD. The max. reservoir
storage which can be utilized continuously for a period of 72 hours is 15 *106m3.
The low-pressure tunnel is constructed as follows:
Length= 4km; diameter= 8m; friction factor= 0.025. The high pressure penstocks(4
nos.)are constructed as follows: length of each penstock= 50m, diameter=2m, friction
factor = 0.015, turbine efficiency when generating=90%; generator efficiency (16 poles,
50HZ)= 90% turbine efficiency when pumping= 80% barometric pressure= 10.3 m of
water, Thomas cavitations coefficient = 0.043 (N/100)2.
a) Determine the maximum power out put from the installation.
b) Estimate the specific speed and specify the type of turbine
c) Determine the safe turbine setting relative to the d/s reservoir water level.
d) If a simple surge chamber of 6 m in diameter is provided at the end of the
low-pressure tunnel, estimate:
I. The max. upsurge and Dow sugar in the surge chamber for
sudden load rejection of one units and
II. The maximum down surge for sudden demand of one unit.’
Q9 ) .
the following data refer to a proposed hydroelectric power plant. Turbines: total power
to be produced= 30mw; normal operating speed =150 rpm; net head available= 16m.
Draft tube: maximum Kinetic energy at ext if draft tube= 1.5%of H; efficiency of draft
tube= 85%; vapor pressure < 3 m of water; atmospheric pressure =10.3 m of water.
I. What size, type and number of units would you cleat for the proposed plant?
II. Starting from the firth principles, determine the turbine setting relative to the tail
water level.
