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Unit 5

The document discusses Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) and provides examples of sequences, illustrating how each term is derived from the previous one. It includes solutions to problems involving finding specific terms in A.P. and introduces Geometric Progression (G.P.) with examples and formulas for calculating terms and sums. The document emphasizes the relationships between terms and the common differences or ratios in both A.P. and G.P.

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10 views31 pages

Unit 5

The document discusses Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) and provides examples of sequences, illustrating how each term is derived from the previous one. It includes solutions to problems involving finding specific terms in A.P. and introduces Geometric Progression (G.P.) with examples and formulas for calculating terms and sums. The document emphasizes the relationships between terms and the common differences or ratios in both A.P. and G.P.

Uploaded by

parthbavanji808
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit-5

Arithmetic and Geometric


Progression
Prepared by :
Prof. Khushbu Pandya
Solution :
Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) :
Consider the following sequences:
1) 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
2) 100, 70, 40, 10, ...
3) –3, –2, –1, 0, ...
4) 3, 3, 3, 3, ...
5) –1.0, –1.5, –2.0, –2.5, ...
Each of the numbers in the list is called a term.

Here, in (1), each term is 1 more than the term preceding it.
In (2), each term is 30 less than the term preceding it.
In (3), each term is obtained by adding 1 to the term preceding it.
In (4), all the terms in the list are 3 , i.e., each term is obtained by adding (or subtracting) 0
to the term preceding it.
In (5), each term is obtained by adding – 0.5 to (i.e., subtracting 0.5 from) the term
preceding it.
Solution : 𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎 = 8, 𝑑 = 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑛 = 10
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
= 8 + (10-1) 3
= 8 + 27
= 35
4) If in A.P., 7th term is 108 and 11th term is 212, then find 15th term.
Solution : Here 𝑎7 = 108 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎11 = 212
From, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
𝑎7 = 𝑎 + 6𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎11 = 𝑎 + 10𝑑
108 = 𝑎 + 6𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑 212 = 𝑎 + 10𝑑
From these a=-48 and d=26
Therefore 𝑎15 = 𝑎 + 14𝑑 = −48 + 364 = 316

6) Find the 11th term from the end of the AP 10, 7, 4, ..., – 62.
Example:
(1) Find the 9th, 10th and nth terms of the G.P. 2, 4, 8, 16, ...
Solution : 𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎 = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟 = 4
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛−1
𝑎9 = 2 28 = 512
𝑎10 = 2 29 = 1024
𝑎𝑛 = 2 2𝑛−1 = 2𝑛

(4) The third term of a G.P. is 12 and sixth term is 96. Find its first term and common ratio.
This formula is applicable only if r < 1.
𝒂𝒓𝒏 −𝒂
For r > 1, 𝑺𝒏 = ;𝒓 ≠ 𝟏.
𝒓−𝟏

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