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257 views19 pagesSolved Problems On Magnetostatics
The document discusses various problems related to magnetostatics, including the calculation of magnetic fields produced by different current configurations such as wires, loops, and solenoids. It provides solutions using principles like the Biot-Savart law and Ampere's law, along with specific calculations for scenarios involving protons, electrons, and current-carrying shapes. The document also explores the magnetic dipole moment and magnetic vector potential in relation to current distributions.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
257 views19 pagesSolved Problems On Magnetostatics
The document discusses various problems related to magnetostatics, including the calculation of magnetic fields produced by different current configurations such as wires, loops, and solenoids. It provides solutions using principles like the Biot-Savart law and Ampere's law, along with specific calculations for scenarios involving protons, electrons, and current-carrying shapes. The document also explores the magnetic dipole moment and magnetic vector potential in relation to current distributions.
Uploaded by
naikCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 19
ayant MAGNETOSTATICS
pr
325
glen Fs A proton at a distane
ve wuoutng parull
10 ¢
"on from « tony strug
pm an the proton. .
je
lel to the direction Of currey ght wire carrying current
invent flow with « speed 0.Ge. Calculate the
+ The magnetic fie
tions T 8) field at the pos
gol Position of the Proton due to the wire is of magnitude
ij Ho 2 9
[Bl = Mega ad
Oa? = 2 10-8,
dno
jis diveetion is determined by the
usual right-hand rule,
Now the foree on the
proton is of magnitude
Al = jetx B
= 1.6 x 10>
Boogie
a (. #18)
” x 0.6 x 3x 108 x2 x 10-°N
= 5.76 x 107!7N,
In is directed towards the wire,
Problem 2. An electron of charge ¢ is rotating n times per see around the nucleus in
acircular orbit of radius a. Find the magnetic field B at the position of the nucleus. If
125.1% 107}! m and n = 6.8 x 10" times/see, calculate the value of B. _[C.U. 2003}
Solution; Jf 7’ is the time period of revolution then the equivalent current is
So the magnetic field at the centre
= tn 2a _ puen
Be 4n a 2a”
Now putting the values of a and n we get
- 19 15
ge x 1077 91.6 X 107! 6.8% 10 3 gop
Be 2x 5.1 x 10-1!
Problem 9, A wire curring current [i bent into the form of eguarn-sted palagon.
The distance of any verter from the centre of the polygon is. Find the magnetic Fel
4 its centye, Discuss the case 1 + 0
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Is
326 |
les makes an angle of 2/n at the contre
Solution: An arm of a polygon of m sid Ml be equal to n times the field due to i oh
Now the field at O due the entire wire wi
side. Thus, pon, x
>= tan—.
1 2sini =
wont 284 or B= F™ tame
dn =r cO8F
Fig 8.P-3
In the limit n + 00, tan = — = and then
pol
ar?
which is same as the magnetic field at the centre of a circular loop of radius r carryin
current I.
B
Problem 4. An infinitely long wire carries a current I. It is bent so as to have a sem
circular detour around the origin, with radius r. Calculate the magnetic field at the origi
Solution: The straight parts of the wire do not contribute to the field at O since fi
them Idl x 7 = 0. Considering the semicircular part we get for the field at O as
= _ Mo [idixt
feo pe
ll re
+
Idi
SP
°
Fig 8.P-4
# and B points into the page. The magnitude of B is
. Hol fa=8 a. — Hol
bviously, dir #
© An oar"
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8:
nar
| 327
problem 5: Paneie a Carrying current I is bent in the form of a parabola. Find
| ee magnetic orus of the parabola. ‘Take the distance of the focus from the
| gene
solution: From Biot-Savart law the magnetic field at S (Fig .P-5) is given by
Ba 10 [ldixF
an |
Fig 8.P-5
From figure we note that
area of the parallelogram generated by di and 7”
= 2x dr-rdd = a0.
: |aix =|
Qn
|a|= wo
4n Jo
Using r(1 — cos6) = 2a as the equation to the parabola we get
pol
4a”
Bis directed perpendicular to the plane of the parabola in the usual right-hand sense.
Problem 6. Suppose a thin metallic ribbon carrying a steady current I is bent into the
form of a circular ring of inner and outer radii r, andra, respectively. Find the magnetic
field B at the centre of the ring. Also calculate the magnetic moment associated with it.
Solution Current through an elementary ring of radius r and thickness dr is
dl = dr,
r2—T1
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Magnetic field at the centre due to it is
poll _ tol __ dr
(BO = Wes
2
LA
Fig 8.P-6
~. Total field at the centre would be
=fap= mol fdr _ poly re
B= fao= et | ro re-n)
The magnetic moment associated with the elementary ring is
T
dm = dI x nr? = tgp,
mn
“, Total magnetic moment
la gee (3-1) oat 2 2
m= maa, Mars Gn) F Ott +73).
Both and wi are directed perpendicular to the Plane of the ribbon in the usual
right-hand sense.
Problem 7. 4 semicircular wire carries @ stear
dy current I. Show that t
Field at any point P on the other half of the cinch
the: magnetic
le is given by
where a is the radius of the circle, k unit outward normal to the plane of the circle andé
is the angle which the line Joining the centre of the circle and P makes with the diameter
of the semicircle.
i Referring to Fig 8.P-7, we can write for the position vectors of the source point
& acos pi + asin 9} and that of the i j.
field point P a8 # = acos6i — asin 63.
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jer: MAGNETOSTATICS
i
: { a20
therefore.
a( cos @ - i
(0080 ~ cos p)i — alsin 94 ain i
iin PAPI + a eog pip}
and dl= ~a,
— i j k
adxR = a’dy| -sing cose 0
cos8— cosy —(sind+siny) 0
= kaPdy {1 — cos(0 + y)}
f {1~cos(4 + )} dp
‘0 {a?(
cos 6 — cos ¢)? + a2(sin @ + sin y)}°/*
or,
phot [* (Lo cosO+y)}de _ j__voll c dp
Gra Jo {2—2c0s(0+y)}? Ara 2? Jo 1 — cos(0 + 9)
= plo "we kf fam mete"
a itn v2-sin Se 16ra 4 Wo
(iol yy | eae
iat tan$ |’
7
"
the magnetic field at a distance z above the centre of a square loop of
current I. Show that for z 2 a, it reduces to the field of a dipole with *
le moment,
|
h
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of ELECTRICITY AN}
Foundations of ELEC D MAGN ED
330 |
ic field at P
1 write for the magnetic field at P due 4. %
Solution: Referring to Fig 8.P-8, we can
side as .
pol in 0, + sin 92) +
py = Ps (aint
ant
where ao
101
0: SS
sin@; = sind2 = aoe Teor V0} + OP? +010
/'
\P+a%4 0}
Ay
Fig 8.P-8
This field is normal to OP and hence its component along 2 is
Bysind = By 22
4
So considering the contributions of all four sides we find that the components nor)
to £ cancel out and components parallel to 2 are added up to give the resultant field ®
B = 24B, sin
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a j 331
oh
por 2%
Br shot @ 2m
ht
This is the magnetic field at an axial point
nt mi = 107, placed at the centre of the
where m = Ia’,
at a distance z from a magnetic dipole of
momen square,
problem 9. Consider the magnetic
J, at a point P ata distance a fro
oof ofthe total field at P,
field produced by a long straight wire carrying cur
mit. Calculate the length of current that contributes
golution: Referring to Fig 8.P-9, the magnetic field at P due to a current length 2! is
given by
Hol | . ol
B= Te (sind + sing) = Hol sing = Hol, _L
Qa Jab +0
+1
ss
-I
Fig 8.P-9
This equals 90% of the total field, i.e.,
pol 90 | ol
Dna Jar +E 100“ ra"
Solving this we get the required length as 21 = 4.13a.
Problem 10. A straight wire of length 2I carries a charge \ per unit length. It ro-
fates uniformly with an angular velocity w about an azis passing through its mid-point
and perpendicular to its length. Show that the equivalent magnetic dipole moment is of
Magnitude (1/3)w1°,
der an element dz at a distance z from the centre O (Fig 8-10). Charge
d it is rotating w/2m times per sec in a circle of radius x. So the current
i T=ddex 2
i
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332 | Foundations of ELECTRICITY AND MAGNE ng
and the associated magnetic moment is
1x qx? = Lrws*de.
The total dipole moment is, therefore,
+1
[ Trwrtde = Lal.
Fig 8.P-10
Problem 11. A solenoid 1 m long and radius 4 cm has 1000 turns and is carrying «
current of 1 A. Find the magnetic field at the centre.
Solution: The magnetic field at P is given by
pa boul
(cos 2 — cos 1).
From Fig 8.P-11,
cos 82 0.997
08 6; = c0s(180° — 6) = — e088.
B= ponl - c0s02 = 4 x 1077 x “ x 1x 0.997T = 12.5 x 107‘.
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jom 12. A steady curens
prob RoW down g long epting
cylind
nt density at a dist
he cure W ata distance y
1 dle the magnetic field th ine aaa wa econ
Md Outside
f
e the wiry
"teal conductor of radius a
nductor is proportional to r
P48 u function of r.
solution: Let us consider an Ay euren
ith its centre on the axi
tangential to the Amperian loop ev
so by applying Ampere’s law we
form of a cire le
etry of the
And also of con;
of radius r(r a, Feng = I and then*
Bide = pol or Ba Yl tors a,
Qnr =
Total current
Nore PR a Re tg a? 3I
rf Barden) = 2nk Pdr= aks or k= Sh
Thus,
Holt?
Boe forr
(6-9) = (mgr mgt Beg) (tad + #)
k=B.
= Bit ByjtB:
Thus,
xA=-}[-38+ 3] =B.
Problem 20. A thin disk of radius a carrying uniform surface charge density o is rotat.
ing with constant angular velocity w about its axis (z-azis). Suppose there is a uniform
magnetic field B = Bj. Show that the torque acting on the disk is of magnitude }nowBa',
Solution: Consider a ring of radius r and radial thickness dr. The charge on the ring is
o- 2nrdr. It constitutes a current loop of current
4z
Fig 8.P-20
etic moment of this ring is
_ dis = current x area of the loop = dl - mr?k = towr ark,
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m” } 339
iphorelte torque on the ving iy di o
total torque on the disk jg
inown [3 :
[ Md = ~ihraw Ba!
foulomb quuge (%. Z
ye (9-4
distance due 1 a small loop carryiny
iy curr
= tit x Hf
lone inow Bride,
f=
jon 20 Show that in C
=) the magnetic vector potential
ent I may be expressed in the form
1 fafs,
sf (Joato 2) diy “|,
integrals are over the loop; r and @ are
prob
aa lone i.
th
eT veing measured with reaped the coordinates of the source point, the
0 ea funeti ‘spect lo the position vector F of the field point. You can
woe the generating funclion Jor the Legendre polynomials. Give a physical interpretation
of the first term in the expression for A()..
solution: Referring to Fig 8.11-1 we can write
Ag = 19 f
= ae Re
where
2 dy yr , yg!
P= rr? — 27! cod = 1? 145-25 os0)
re
1 oo yn
oR = at (5) Py( cos 8),
r acosd+ fe "nao \T
where we assume [r//r | < 1 and use the generating functions for the Legendre polyno-
wil
Therefore,
hi = MES 4 r"P,(cos8)dl
An pnt
n=
LP) fare i+2f(3 o- Sate).
= vos [E fate sa fronts 1 (Seost0- 5
se the total vector displacement around a closed
‘The first integral is simply zero, becau
Yow 1s ne00, 1,0. f gi’ = 0. Thus the magnetic monopole term is always zero. In most
5.5 ,
i inant term j -e multipoh
‘ase the sn (the dipole term) is the dominant term in the above multipole
ol (F-7") dF"
bo! j Heosddl = pra
a”
fe From Fig 8.11 di'= dF")
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Now proceeding as in Section 8.11 we can show that
where
is the dipole moment of the loop.
ying in the ry-plane with
Problem 22. A circular coil of radius a carrying current I is V
(zi + +i) By. Find
its centre at the origin. There is an external uniform field B=
the force and the torque acting on the coil.
Solution ; Let the current is flowing in such a direction that the magnetic dipole moment
of the coil becomes #7 = Ina?k.
Therefore, force on the coil
arial circular loops of wire of radii a and b separated by
respectively. Assuming b