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Chandas Revised

The document describes 26 types of chandas in Sanskrit poetry, categorized by the number of akṣarā in each line, which can be either laghuvu or guruvu. It details specific meters such as Anushtubh, Vasantatilaka, Indravajra, Upendravajra, and Upajati, explaining their structure and syllable patterns. Each meter is defined by its unique combination of Ganas, which follow a binary system of variations.

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Suvarna Swathi
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69 views2 pages

Chandas Revised

The document describes 26 types of chandas in Sanskrit poetry, categorized by the number of akṣarā in each line, which can be either laghuvu or guruvu. It details specific meters such as Anushtubh, Vasantatilaka, Indravajra, Upendravajra, and Upajati, explaining their structure and syllable patterns. Each meter is defined by its unique combination of Ganas, which follow a binary system of variations.

Uploaded by

Suvarna Swathi
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© © All Rights Reserved
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 There are 26 types of chandas.

Each chandas is recognized by the number of akṣarā present in


each line of the poem. As an ‘’akṣara’’ can be either a ‘’laghuvu’’ or a ‘'guruvu'’, the number
of variations possible in each type of 'charEndas' follows a 'binary system'.

 न गण Na gana - LLL ( All Laghus)

म गण Ma Gana - GGG ( All Gurus)

ज गण Ja Gana - LGL ( Middle letter is Guru and remaining are Laghus)

र गण Ra Gana - GLG ( Middle letter is Laghu and remaining are Gurus)

भ गण Bha Gana - GLL ( First letter is Guru and remaining are Laghus )

स गण Sa Gana - LLG ( First two letters are Laghus and last one is Guru )

य गण Ya Gana - LGG ( First letter is Laghu and remaining are Gurus )

त गण Ta Gana – GGL ( First two letters are Gurus and last one is Laghu )

1. अनुष्टुप् - This meter is very common in Sanskrit literature. Most of the


words like Ramayana, Mahabharata etc. are composed in this meter only.
It has four padas of eight letters each. The 5 th letter of each pada is Laghu
and the 6th is Guru. The 7th letter of the 2nd and the 4th pada is Laghu and
of the 1st and 3rd pada is Guru.
लक्षणम् - श्लोके षष्ठं गुरुं ज्ञेयं सर्वत्र लघु पञ्चमम् ।
द्वितीयतुर्ययोः ह्रस्वं सप्तमं गुरु चान्ययोः ।।

2. वसन्ततिलका - उक्ता वसन्ततिलका तभजा ज गौ गः। Each pada has त, भ, ज


and ज Ganas and two long letters at the end.
उ क्ता व स न्त ति ल का त भ जा ज गौ गः
( त गण) ( भ गण ) ( ज गण ) ( ज गण ) गुरु गुरु
3. इन्द्रवज्रा - स्यादिन्द्रवज्रा यदि तौ जगौ गः। has eleven
syllables in each pada containing the Ganas, त, त, ज and two gurus in the
end. In Indravajra vritta.
स्या दि न्द्र व ज्रा य दि तौ ज गौ गः
( त गण) ( त गण) ( ज गण ) गुरु गुरु
4. उपेन्द्रवज्रा - उपेन्द्रवज्रा जतजास्ततो गौ । जगण, तगण, जगण and two
Gurus make up Upendravajra. उ पे न्द्र वज्रा ज त जा स्त
तो गौ

( ज गण ) ( त गण) ( ज गण ) गुरु गुरु

5. उपजातिवृत्तम् - If we take the 1st and 3rd Pada of Upendravajra and


the 2nd and 4th Pada of Indravajra, it is called a Upajati.

स्यादिन्द्रवज्रा यदितौ जगौगः उपेन्द्रवज्रा जततास्ततो गौ ।


अनन्तरोदीरितलक्ष्मभाजा पादौ यदीयावुपजातायस्ताः ।।

Ex:

अ स्त्यु त्त । र स्यां दि । शि दे व । ता त्मा


त गण त गण ज गण गुरु गुरु

हि मा ल । यो ना म । न गा धि । रा जः

ज गण त गण ज गण गुरु गुरु

पू र्वा प । रौ तो य । नि धी वि । गा ह्य

त गण त गण ज गण गुरु गुरु

स्थि तः पृ । थि व्या इ । व मा न । दण् डः

ज गण त गण ज गण गुरु गुरु

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