SQL> CONN hr/hr;
Connected.
SQL> declare
2 a number:=5;
3 b number:=6;
4 c number:=2;
5 begin
6 dbms_output.put_line('a='||a||' b='||b||' c='||c);
7 if a>b AND a>c then
8 dbms_output.put_line('a is greatest');
9 else
10 if b>a AND b>c then
11 dbms_output.put_line('b is greatest');
12 else
13 dbms_output.put_line('c is greatest');
14 end if;
15 end if; end;
16 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> SET serveroutput ON;
SQL> declare
2 a number:=10;
3 b number:=12;
4 c number:=5;
5 begin
6 dbms_output.put_line('a='||a||' b='||b||' c='||c); if a>b AND a>c then
7 dbms_output.put_line('a is greatest');
8 else
9 if b>a AND b>c then
10 dbms_output.put_line('b is greatest');
11 else
12 dbms_output.put_line('c is greatest');
13 end if;
14 end if; end;
15 /
a=10 b=12 c=5
b is greatest
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> create table em(eno number(5), ename varchar2(10), loc varchar(10), salary
number(10,2));
Table created.
SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
SQL> DECLARE
2 num NUMBER := 5;
3 factorial NUMBER := 1;
4 i NUMBER := 1;
5 multiplier NUMBER;
6 e_invalid_input EXCEPTION;
7 BEGIN
8 IF num < 0 THEN
9 RAISE e_invalid_input;
10 END IF;
11 WHILE i <= num LOOP
12 factorial := factorial * i;
13 i := i + 1;
14 END LOOP;
15 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Factorial of ' || num || ' is: ' || factorial);
16 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Multiplication Table of ' || num || ':');
17 FOR multiplier IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
18 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(num || ' x ' || multiplier || ' = ' || (num * multiplier));
19 END LOOP;
20 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Nested Loop Output (1 to 3):');
21 FOR outer_loop IN 1 .. 3 LOOP
22 FOR inner_loop IN 1 .. 3 LOOP
23 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Outer: ' || outer_loop || ', Inner: ' || inner_loop);
24 END LOOP;
25 END LOOP;
26 DECLARE
27 x NUMBER := 10;
28 y NUMBER := 0;
29 z NUMBER;
30 BEGIN
31 z := x / y;
32 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result: ' || z);
33 EXCEPTION
34 WHEN ZERO_DIVIDE THEN
35 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Built-in Exception Caught: Division by Zero.');
36 END;
37 EXCEPTION
38 WHEN e_invalid_input THEN
39 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: Invalid input. Number cannot be negative.');
40 RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Negative numbers are not allowed for factorial.');
41 WHEN OTHERS THEN
42 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Unknown Error: ' || SQLERRM);
43 END;
44 /
Factorial of 5 is: 120
Multiplication Table of 5:
5x1=5
5 x 2 = 10
5 x 3 = 15
5 x 4 = 20
5 x 5 = 25
5 x 6 = 30
5 x 7 = 35
5 x 8 = 40
5 x 9 = 45
5 x 10 = 50
Nested Loop Output (1 to 3):
Outer: 1, Inner: 1
Outer: 1, Inner: 2
Outer: 1, Inner: 3
Outer: 2, Inner: 1
Outer: 2, Inner: 2
Outer: 2, Inner: 3
Outer: 3, Inner: 1
Outer: 3, Inner: 2
Outer: 3, Inner: 3
Built-in Exception Caught: Division by Zero.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> create or replace procedure find_min(
2 n in number,
3 a in number,
4 c out number)IS
5 BEGIN
6 IF n < a then
7 c := n;
8 ELSE
9 c := a;
10 END IF;
11 END;
12 DECLARE
13 x NUMBER := 12;
14 y NUMBER := 8;
15 z NUMBER;
16 BEGIN
17 find_min(x,y,z);
18 DBMS.OUTPUT.PUTLINE('Minimum number is: '|| z);
19 END;
20 /
Warning: Procedure created with compilation errors.
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE find_min (
2 n IN NUMBER,
3 a IN NUMBER,
4 c OUT NUMBER
5 ) IS
6 BEGIN
7 IF n < a THEN
8 c := n;
9 ELSE
10 c := a;
11 END IF;
12 END;
13 /
Procedure created.
SQL> DECLARE
2 x NUMBER := 12;
3 y NUMBER := 8;
4 z NUMBER;
5 BEGIN
6 find_min(x, y, z);
7 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Minimum number is: ' || z);
8 END;
9 /
Minimum number is: 8
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select function_name(10,20) FROM dual;
select function_name(10,20) FROM dual
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00904: "FUNCTION_NAME": invalid identifier
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION find_min_func (
2 a IN NUMBER,
3 b IN NUMBER
4 ) RETURN NUMBER
5 IS
6 min_val NUMBER;
7 BEGIN
8 IF a < b THEN
9 min_val := a;
10 ELSE
11 min_val := b;
12 END IF;
13 RETURN min_val;
14 END;
15 /
Function created.
SQL> SELECT find_min_func(12, 8) AS min_result FROM dual;
MIN_RESULT
----------
SQL> create table customers(id number(3), name varchar2(10), age number(3), address
varchar2(10), salary number(10,2));
create table customers(id number(3), name varchar2(10), age number(3), address varchar2(10),
salary number(10,2))
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00955: name is already used by an existing object
SQL> create table cust(id number(3), name varchar2(10), age number(3), address varchar2(10),
salary number(10,2));
Table created.
SQL> insert into cust values(1,'sanjay',23,'krnl', 15000);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into cust values(2,'arun’,24,'pdtr',18000);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into cust values(3,’veena’ ,23,'tdp',20000);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into cust values(4,'taj',21,'kdp',17000);
1 row created.
SQL> select* from cust;
ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
1 sanjay 23 krnl 15000
2 arun 24 pdtr 18000
3 veena 23 tdp 20000
4 taj 21 kdp 17000
SQL> SET serveroutput ON;
SQL> DECLARE
2 c_id customers.id%type; c_name customers.name%type;
3 c_address customers.address%type;
4 CURSOR c_customers is
5 SELECT id,name,address from customers;
6 BEGIN
7 OPEN c_customers;
8 LOOP
9 FETCH c_customers into c_id,c_name,c_address; EXIT WHEN c_customers%notfound;
10 dbms_output.put_line(c_id||’’||c_name||’’||c_address); END LOOP;
11 CLOSE c_customers;
12 END;
13 /
1sanjaykrnl
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 c_id customers.id%TYPE;
3 c_name customers.name%TYPE;
4 c_address customers.address%TYPE;
6 CURSOR c_customers IS
7 SELECT id, name, address FROM customers;
9 BEGIN
10 OPEN c_customers;
11 LOOP
12 FETCH c_customers INTO c_id, c_name, c_address;
13 EXIT WHEN c_customers%NOTFOUND;
14 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ID: ' || c_id || ', Name: ' || c_name || ', Address: ' ||
c_address);
15 END LOOP;
16 CLOSE c_customers;
17 END;
18 /
ID: 1, Name: sanjay, Address: krnl
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 c_id customers.id%TYPE;
3 c_name customers.name%TYPE;
4 c_address customers.address%TYPE;
6 CURSOR c_customers IS
7 SELECT id, name, address FROM customers;
9 BEGIN
10 OPEN c_customers;
11 LOOP
12 FETCH c_customers INTO c_id, c_name, c_address;
13 EXIT WHEN c_customers%NOTFOUND;
14 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ID: ' || c_id || ', Name: ' || c_name || ', Address: ' ||
c_address);
15 END LOOP;
16 CLOSE c_customers;
17 END;
18 /
ID: 1, Name: sanjay, Address: krnl
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
