World History Review Guide

Directions: Use your notes and online textbook resources to answer each of the associated questions. You answers MUST be written by hand

Modul Standard Review Questions Answers

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1 Early human history. What was the Neolithic Revolution? Why
was it important?
2, 3, SSWH1 Analyze the origins, structures, and interactions of societies in the ancient world from 3500 BCE/BC to 500 BCE/BC.
12, 13
2 a. Compare and contrast What purpose(s) did writing systems hold for
Mesopotamian and ancient civilizations?
Egyptian societies,
include: religion, What was the connection between religion
culture, economics, and political rule in ancient Egypt?
politics, and technology.

2 b. Describe the societies How and where did river valley civilizations
of India and China, develop in China and India? (Be specific.)
include: religion,
culture, economics, What is a dynasty? In what regions were
politics, and technology. dynasties common for political control in
early human history?

3 c. Explain the What primary belief separated the ancient

development of Hebrews from many other early groups in
monotheism, include: Mesopotamia?
the concepts developed
by the ancient Hebrews.
12 d. Identify the Bantu What is the Bantu migration? How did it
migration patterns and affect early African history? (Think about
contribution to settled cultural and technological advances.)
agriculture
13 e. Explain the rise of the What were the major cultural and political
Olmecs. contributions of the Olmecs in Mesoamerica?

4, 7 SSWH2 Identify the major achievements of Chinese and Indian societies to 500 CE/AD.
7 a. Describe the Who was Ashoka? What was he responsible
development of Indian for?
civilization, include: the
rise and fall of the
Maurya and Gupta
Empires.
 4 b. Describe the Who was the first Chinese emperor? What
development of Chinese was his early empire like?
civilization under Zhou,
Qin, and Han.
4, 7 c. Explain the In what country has Confucianism been the
development and impact most influential?
of Hinduism and
Buddhism on India, and What is ancestor veneration? How does this
Confucianism on China. idea connect to Confucianism?
What are some of the primary beliefs of
Hinduism? Buddhism? How are they
similar? How are they different?
7 d. Explain how Describe the Silk Road(s). What cultures and
geography contributed regions did it connect, and what was traded
to the movement of along its routes?
people and ideas,
include: Silk Roads and
Indian Ocean Trade.
5, 6 SSWH3 Examine the political, philosophical, and cultural interaction of Classical Mediterranean societies from 700 BCE/BC to 400 CE/AD.
5, 6 a. Compare the origins What are some similarities between the
and structure of the development of Greek and Roman
Greek polis, the Roman civilizations?
Republic, and the
Roman Empire.
5,6 b. Identify the ideas and Who were Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?
impact of important Why were they important?
individuals, include: What is Hellenism, and why was it important?
Socrates, Plato, Who is associated with the establishment of
Aristotle, Alexander the Hellenism?
Great, Julius Caesar,
and Augustus Caesar
5, 6 c. Analyze the impact of
Greek and Roman
culture, politics, and
technology.
5, 6 d. Describe polytheism What similarities exist between early Greek
in the Greek and Roman and Roman religions?
world.
6 e. Explain the origins Why was Christianity originally outlawed in
and diffusion of the Roman Empire? What factors eventually
Christianity in the contributed to the spread of Christianity
Roman world. throughout the Roman Empire?

6 f. Analyze the factors What were some of the major factors that led
that led to the collapse to the decline of the Roman Empire? When
of the Western Roman did Rome “fall?” (Remember to consider the
 Empire Byzantine Empire….)

9, 10 SSWH4 Analyze impact of the Byzantine and Mongol empires.

10 a. Describe the Who was Emperor Justinian, and what were
relationship between the some of his achievements?
Roman and Byzantine
Empires, include: the
importance of Justinian
and Empress Theodora
10 b. Analyze the impact Which civilizations were most strongly
Byzantium had on Kiev, influenced by the Byzantine empire, and why?
Moscow, and the
Russian Empire.
10 c. Explain the Great What was the Great Schism of 1054, and what
Schism (East-West were some of its effects?
Schism) of 1054 CE/AD.
10 d. Explain the decline of
Byzantium and the
impact of the fall of
Constantinople in 1453
CE/AD
9 e. Describe the impact of Who was Genghis Khan, and what did he do?
the Mongols on Russia,
9 China, and the Middle How did the Mongol conquest of much of
East, include: the role of Eurasia effect trade? What unintended
Chinggis (Genghis) consequences occurred as a result of this?
Khan in developing the
Mongol Empire
8 SSWH5 Examine the political, economic, and cultural interactions within the Medieval Mediterranean World between 600 CE/AD and 1300
CE/AD
8 a. Analyze the origins of What was the religious environment in which
Islam and the growth of Islam formed? (That is, describe what
the Islamic Empire religion in the Arabian peninsula looked like
prior to 610 CE)

8 b. Understand the How did the sectarian split between Sunnis

reasons for the split and Shi’ites develop?
between Sunni and Shi’a
Muslims.
8 c. Assess the economic In what parts of the world did Islam spread
impact of Muslim trade primarily through trade routes?
routes to India, China,
Europe and Africa.
8 d. Identify the
contributions of Islamic
 scholars in science,
math, and geography
3, 6, 8 e. Analyze the What commonalities exist between Judaism,
relationship between Christianity, and Islam?
Judaism, Christianity,
and Islam.
12 SSWH6 Describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies before 1500 CE/AD.
12 a. Describe the How did the medieval African kingdoms of
development and decline Ghana, Mali, and Songhai maintain political
of the Sudanic kingdoms control over their territories?
(Ghana, Mali, Songhai);
include the roles of
Sundiata, and the
pilgrimage of Mansa
Musa to Mecca
12 b. Describe the trading What goods were traded across the Trans-
networks and Saharan trade network?
distribution of resources
by examining trans-
Saharan trade in gold,
salt, and slaves; include
the Swahili trading cities
12 c. Understand the Why was the spread of Islam in Africa more
blending of traditional prevalent in northwest Africa and along the
African beliefs with new east coast?
12 ideas from Islam and Why did many West African kingdoms adopt
Christianity and their Islam into their religious practices?
impact on early African
societies.
10, 11 SSWH7 Analyze European medieval society with regard to culture, politics, society, and economics.
10 a. Explain the manorial After the fall of Rome, what was the
system and feudal predominant form of government in Western
relationships, include: Europe until the 1450s? How did this system
the status of peasants work?
and feudal monarchies
and the importance of
Charlemagne.
11 b. Explain the political What was lay investiture, and why was it
impact of Christianity controversial?
and the role of the
church in medieval
society.
10, 11 c. Describe how
increasing trade led to
the growth of towns and
cities, include: the
 impact of the Bubonic
Plague.
8, 11 d. Describe the causes What-- in theory-- was the purpose of the
and impact of the Crusades? What were some of the
Crusades on the Islamic consequences of these wars?
World and Europe.
13 SSWH8 Describe the diverse characteristics of societies in Central and South America.
13 a. Explain the rise and Who were the Maya, and when did their
fall of the Mayan, Aztec, civilization decline? Why?
and Inca Empires.
13 b. Compare and contrast What means did the Aztecs use to control
the Mayan, Aztec, and their territory in central America?
Incan societies, include:
religion, culture, What political, cultural, and economic
economics, politics, and similarities exist between the Maya, Aztec,
technology. and Inca civilizations?

14, 15 SSWH9 Analyze change and continuity in the Renaissance and Reformation.
14 a. Explain the social, What banking family in Florence acted as
economic, and political patrons to many early Renaissance writers and
changes that contributed artists?
to the rise of Florence.
14 b. Identify artistic and What artistic technique, mastered during the
scientific achievements Renaissance, created the illusion of three
of the Renaissance. dimensions in paintings?

14 c. Explain the main What philosophies influenced the spread of

characteristics of the Renaissance in Western Europe?
humanism
14 d. Explain the
importance of
Gutenberg and the
invention of the printing
press.
15 e. Analyze the impact of Who was Martin Luther? Henry VIII of
the Protestant England? John Calvin? What were the roles
Reformation, include: these individuals played in the Protestant
the ideas of Martin Reformation?
Luther and John Calvin
15 f. Describe the English
Reformation, include:
the role of Henry VIII
and Elizabeth I.
15 g. Describe the Counter What strict religious order was formed by the
Reformation at the Catholic Church as a response to the
 Council of Trent and the Protestant Reformation?
role of the Jesuits
16 SSWH10 Analyze the causes and effects of exploration and expansion into the Americas, Africa, and Asia.
16 a. Explain the roles of What factors drove European exploration and
explorers and conquest in the New World?
conquistadors
16 b. Analyze the global, What is the Columbian exchange, and how
economic, and cultural did it impact: food production, demographics
impact of the Columbian (population), and economies around the
Exchange world?

16 c. Explain the role of

improved technology in
exploration
16 d. Examine the effects of What is chattel slavery, and how did the
the Transatlantic Slave Trans-Atlantic slave trade impact Africa and
Trade on Africa and on the Americas during the 16th to 19th centuries?
the colonies in the
Americas.
16 SSWH11 Examine political and social changes in Japan and in China from the fourteenth century CE/AD to mid-nineteenth century CE/AD
16 a. Describe the impact How did isolationism affect the Tokugawa
of the Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan? How did isolationism
Shogunate policies on affect the Ming and Qing dynasties of China?
the social structure of
Japan.
16 b. Describe the impact
of the Qing and Ming
Dynasty policies on the
social structure of
China.
8 SSWH12 Describe the development and contributions of the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires.
8 a. Describe the What role did religion and religious toleration
development and play in the Gunpowder Empires? (Consider
geographical extent of the Ottoman Empire, and Abu Akbar in the
the Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal Empire.)
and the Mughal Empires
8 b. Describe the cultural
contributions of the
Ottoman, Safavid, and
Mughal Empires.
18 SSWH13 Examine the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors that changed the world view of Europeans from the sixteenth century
CE/AD to the late eighteenth century CE/AD
18 a. Explain the scientific What is the Scientific Revolution? Describe at
contributions of least two major discoveries or inventions
Copernicus, Galileo, associated with the Scientific Revolution.
 Kepler, and Newton and
how these ideas changed
the European
worldview.
18 b. Identify the major Who were some of the major philosophers of
ideas of the the Enlightenment in Western Europe? What
Enlightenment from the influential ideas did they spread in the late
writings of Locke, seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries?
Voltaire, and Rousseau,
and their relationship to
politics and society
17, 18, SSWH14 Analyze the Age of Revolutions
19, 20
17 a. Examine absolutism What is absolutism? How did Peter the Great
through a comparison of of Russia, Tokugawa Ieyasu of Japan, and
the reigns of Louis XIV Louis XIV of France exemplify absolutist
and Tsar Peter the rule?
Great.
18, 19, b. Identify the causes What effect did the American Revolution
20 and results of the have on other independence/revolutionary
revolutions in England movements of the eighteenth and nineteenth
(1689), United States centuries?
(1776), France (1789),
Haiti (1791), and Latin Describe the major themes and long-term
America (1808-1825). effects of the American, French, Haitian, and
Latin American revolutions.

19, 20 c. Explain Napoleon’s How did Napoleon’s attempted conquest of

rise to power, the role of Europe affect revolutions in Haiti, Mexico,
geography in his defeat, Spanish South America, and Brazil?
and the consequences of
France’s defeat for
Europe.
21 SSWH15 Describe the impact of industrialization and urbanization.
21 a. Analyze the process Which countries/regions industrialized first?
and impact of Why?
industrialization in
Great Britain, Germany, What were some of the factors which led to
and Japan the Industrial Revolution?

21 b. Examine the political What is capitalism? What is socialism?

and economic ideas of Communism? Who is Karl Marx?
Adam Smith and Karl
Marx
21 c. Examine the social
 impact of urbanization,
include: women and
children.
20, 23, SSWH16 Analyze the rise of nationalism and worldwide imperialism.
24
20, 24 a. Compare and contrast How did industrialism and imperialism in
the rise of the nation Japan and Germany differ? How was this an
state in Germany under expression of nationalism?
Otto von Bismarck and
Japan during the Meiji
Restoration.
23 b. Assess imperialism in What is imperialism? How is it related to
Africa and Asia, industrialism and nationalism?
include: the influence of
geography and natural
resources.
23 c. Examine anti-imperial
resistance, include:
Opium Wars, Boxer
Rebellion, and the
Indian Revolt of 1857.
25 SSWH17 Demonstrate an understanding of long-term causes of World War I and its global impact.
25 a. Identify causes of the What events or factors were the cause of
war, include: World War I?
nationalism, entangling
alliances, militarism,
and imperialism.
25 b. Describe conditions How did World War I differ from previous
on the war front for conflicts? How was it affected by
soldiers, include: new industrialization?
technology and war
tactics.
25 c. Explain the major What institution was formed at the end of
decisions made in the World War I as a potential body for
Versailles Treaty, international diplomacy?
include: German
reparations and the
mandate system that
replaced Ottoman
control.
25 d. Analyze the
destabilization of
Europe in the collapse
of the great empires.
26, 27 SSWH18 Examine the major political and economic factors that shaped world societies between World War I and World War II.
26 a. Determine the causes What factors led to the Russian Revolution in
and results of the 1917? What group ultimately gained power in
Russian Revolution from Russia? What government formed as a result?
the rise of the Bolsheviks
under Lenin to Stalin’s
first Five Year Plan.
27 b. Describe the rise of What is fascism? What participating
fascism in Europe and countries in World War II are associated with
Asia by comparing the fascism?
policies of Benito
Mussolini in Italy, Adolf
Hitler in Germany, and
Hirohito in Japan.
27 c. Describe the nature of
totalitarianism and the
police state that existed
in the Soviet Union,
Germany, and Italy and
how they differ from
authoritarian
governments.
27 d. Explain the What were some of the underlying causes of
aggression and conflict World War II?
leading to World War II
in Europe and Asia;
include the Italian
invasion of Ethiopia, the
Spanish Civil War, the
Rape of Nanjing in
China, and the German
violation of the Treaty of
Versailles.
28 SSWH19 Demonstrate an understanding of the global political, economic, and social impact of World War II.
28 a. Describe the major What events or processes led to the end of
conflicts and outcomes, World War II in Europe? In the Pacific?
include: North African,
Pacific, and European
theatres.
28 b. Identify Nazi ideology What was the goal of Hitler’s “Final
and policies that led to Solution?”
the Holocaust and its
consequences.
28 c. Analyze the impact of What did the US want in terms of global
the military and policy as a result of World War II? The
diplomatic negotiations USSR? The UK?
between the leaders of
 Great Britain, the Soviet
Union, and the United
States.
28, 29 d. Explain Post-World What were some of the problems faced by
War II policies and combatant countries following World War II?
plans for economic How did the US and other countries address
recovery, include: the these problems?
Marshall Plan for
Europe, MacArthur’s
plan for Japan, and the
formation of the United
Nations, NATO, and the
Warsaw Pact.
29, 30, SSWH20 Demonstrate an understanding of the global social, economic, and political impact of the Cold War and decolonization from 1945 to 1989.
31
29 a. Explain the arms What was the Cold War? Who were the
race, include: major participants? What was the outcome?
development of nuclear
weapons, and efforts to
limit the spread of
nuclear weapons.
30 b. Describe the
formation of the state of
Israel and the Arab-
Israeli Conflict.
29 c. Analyze the rise of
nationalism and the
revolutionary
movements in Asia (i.e.
India and China) and
Africa.
31 d. Analyze opposition
movements to existing
political systems,
include: anti-apartheid,
Tiananmen Square, and
the fall of the Berlin
Wall.
31, 32 SSWH21 Examine change and continuity in the world since the 1960s.
32 a. Identify ethnic What is decolonization? How was
conflicts and new decolonization connected to the Cold War?
nationalisms, include:
Pan-Africanism, Pan-
Arabism, and the
conflicts in Bosnia-
Herzegovina and
 Rwanda
31 b. Describe the reforms What were “glasnost” and “perestroika,” and
of Khrushchev and how were they connected to the collapse of
Gorbachev and the the USSR?
breakup of the Soviet
Union in 1991 that
produced independent
countries.
32 c. Analyze terrorism as a
form of warfare in the
contemporary world.
32 d. Examine the rise of
women as major world
leaders, include: Golda
Meir, Indira Gandhi,
and Margaret Thatcher.
32 SSWH22 Analyze globalization in the contemporary world.
32 a. Describe the cultural What is globalization? How has globalization
and intellectual affected international politics, economics, and
integration of countries social institutions since the end of the Cold
into the world economy War?
through the development
of television, satellites,
and computers.
32 b. Analyze global
economic and political
connections; include
multinational
corporations, the United
Nations, OPEC, and the
World Trade
Organization.
32 c. Explain how
governments cooperate
through treaties and
organizations to
minimize the negative
effects of human actions
on the environment.