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The document contains various problems and solutions related to limits, continuity, and differentiability in calculus. It includes examples, hints, and alternative methods for solving calculus problems, emphasizing the importance of continuity and differentiability in functions. The content is structured to aid in understanding these concepts through practical applications and problem-solving techniques.
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Limits, Continuity
and Differentiability
[SS
‘Only One Correct Answer l
a
2 sin wees) 2(4240 ap beget
= tex 2 \iwitsenevak, yo (s+) +t all? atta)
a) (ax? +bx+0)) AGe-aye | Foe oa (x = @)
a
tie a? 2
atix—o? @-9? a2 me
aS ste ae 4 An
2. AB=h? + 2rh- A? = /2rk
P= 2Varh + 21 2rh - h? :
pa2| ahs {on-¥] 1
-AP-,
foes Ah non
+ fy he jim, hark — 1? 12"
“asd po b= 0 gi Jarh — a Tp AS) gn? [ar - (ral
ar 1-40) ‘Ans.
“seen an am
Alternative : Note that as 0,6 = 5 or 2b ~ a
a ab(b) abe
a
= 20) sing R= FE)
Hence,
pi 4R-(a+ 2)" 82 {GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
2b° it
“Tent ae Ans.
8. fle)=19V2eQ
As, f(x) is continuous, so
fe)=19VxeR (ft) is constant}
fle) = 9+ Pe) = 89 F 861 = 20 Vee R Ans,
& Let fla=b=f =a ‘eer
flat+W=b-kafb-D=a+h
flo-W=bshof"BsW=0=4 4 *
Now LED. of f"Yx)at = f(a) =6 erm
”
(FYE) = tim a
pe) mo (8 4-0 Fla A) - fla)
lime ——* ne tt
ae iF CES ETC) Fla) +
h
iy Now RD. of f-'txyar2 = f(a) =b
1)2¢*) = tim f+ =F 7O _ (a-W-a
0 = Be o-w-6 ER Faw Red
att 1 |
ire =O Fie) 1 i
-h
Aliter : Verification by taking an example
yap) =| fore so
=2x, forx>0
PO")=-B=t
f'O")=-2=r
a
=, for y20
Bex=fy=| 8 ®
, for ¥<0
2
#o*)=pory==t
1
7
g0-)= fo) =t=2
‘Scenned by CemScanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 83
es
‘Note ! If and rare positive, then LHD. and RLD.of f~ ave} and 2 and if andre
neguive then LHLD. and RELD. are? and 1 (Phin)
Ee
1 1 ¥
me =? 35,
8. Clearly, fix) = et dexst
ef 251
Clearly, f(x) is non‘differentiable at x = 3. 1
2. Sum of squares ofreciprocals=9* + 1= 82
6. As fis continuous = lim fix -=/(-D=/=1
Also, Hm g(-a) = lim g(@)=3
Now, verify alternatives. Ans.
2
4
(Using L'Hospital Rule.) Ans,
vn
a T= Hig + PE =} Using binomial expansion)
1
cyte J yy afteenatene
x0 £ aon x
9. Since, /(2)is continuous Wx © R.
” log (x? 4ke +h4+DE0V ER
and x*+¢he0VeeR
= x? +he+he1z1VeceR
and hoo
é x? +h th20VCER
Ds0=h* - 4h<0
kee 10, 4)
But boo
* (0,4) Ans.
‘Scanned by CamScanner 84 GRE Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
10. f(x)is non-differentiable at x =o, B, 0,.7, 5
and g(x) is non-differentiable atx = a, f, 0, - 2,2=(B)
Qe
lex
IL. This limit will not exist, when si
5=-101
=— 1 (two values of x)
0 (one value of x)
+ * (two values of x)
ep o tx =a
12. Consider a general triangle
(AP 41)” -(AP,)? = (Py Pygi)® = (2°?
Putn=1, 2 3...
Poel
i. at
P
(AP,)? ~ (AP,)? = (PP)?
(AP,)? = (AP,)* = (P2Pq)*
(AP,)® —(AP,)? =(P3P,)?
AP, )? = (P,P, 1)? = (2H? :
21 4%-1
(AP, , 4)?
(AP, 41)? “ah Gar 21429 +(27)7+(25)? tron HBP =
GP. with common ratio 2
a4" +2
* (AP, ..)? = 1 SAP, 4
WPePneal 2% 8
Now, sings ot Ss
|AP, 41 ae ie 22
iin cscs Banacae§ kaa
fa*+2 2
9. Ua lost tbr + ly jeg 8 - w+ -p|
r=" axttbxte Fm ale—a)G@—B)
Ifa 0
=Limitis oneC
‘Scanned by CamScanner Litaits, Continuity and Differentiability 85
14. 2f(e) fly) = flz—y) + flx+y) Vx, yeR wali)
Puts =0=y, we get
2f7(0) = 2 f(0)= (0) =1 (As f(0) #0)
Put.x = (in (i), we get
2/0) fly) = f-») + Y= MN =f-yV yER
ai Pw=-f'-wn
Puty =Lwegetf' (D+ f'(-D=0 Ans.
15, From the 1* graph if xe(-«, a) then no value of y and hence f(x) must be
negative in(- a, a). Also from the above two graph ifx <[- }, —a] Ula, 5] then f(x)
is positive and hence from the given graphs, graph of f(x) is as follows:
yy
Clearly, /() is discontinuous at 2 points in [-b,b] and non-differentiable at 3
points in (-8, 6), Ans.
16. (x ~ ay) lx — ay) (2 — @:) Ue — 4g). ) = 2"! — Be? + Be 8
xt) — fe® +62-3
(=a)?
. tt! — be? 46x -3
(ay ~a9) (ey a9)» (04 ~ Gq) = Tim a
= tm ta" - 10x +6
Re EN ea
be tim Mint Da"! ~10
zu 2
(e =a) ( — Gg) (x -a,)=
n(n+0 af"! -10
=
= n(n+NDap~*-10=2k
= a(n+ Da?-)—2b=10 Ans.
= 2
Ate im DIP + fled + Fe p ae
#50 7 Bx x?
‘Scanned by CamScanner 86 GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
Tim (2= S982# 008-4 con 6x: cos Bir: cos 10x j= 3 2a ee)
5
= pli 2 z
8 oof? +2? +...4 5% 5:6-11_
ee) 3
18, In vieinity of x = 0,|sin™* x|> [x]
Pane > 4 in vicinity of =0.
12149949 4.4? A
:y? y= sin'x
=) =100 = n=4
2 ee ee
19. For limit to exist, "Note f(x) i discontinuous atx = 0,
x-(s}=x,atx=a+hora-A e 1 (via.x 'Q)
limfa+ A] =0 beens 40") = Gano OWia. 2)
2 7" geoD Ans.
Qe+2h) {2 +0
20, f(z) = fim, e+ fe) fix) _ nol ) A) a Are )
io br)
rae)
ae 2 2
a8
= tim LOM - FO)
or
f'e)=f'0
. fle= foe +d
As FO)
= F)= fF Or+5 y= ifOxd)
Also f'(z)=/"0) = fXO=/"(0)=-1
=< f0)=1
Henee, f(x) =5-2 Ans.
21. p= lim
awed) (ewer)
www.myguideinfo.com ~~” 86 {GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
3 $ tim(*= 608 2e- cos 4x «ca Gx: cos Bx: cos 10x \: 8 (2244? +6? +87 +107
“B20 x 5 2
2
18, In vicinity of x =0,Jein"* x|>[x{
= sn? x
2g 92 2
-in(? +22 4...4 8 jo 550
> Lin vicinity ofx =0.
% [a4 2943? + .4n®
y
ae yo sins
=) =100 5 n=4 Ans.
19. For limit to exist, ‘Nore : f(x) is discontinuous atx = 0,
x-[z]=z,atx=a+hora-A
L(via.x e'Q)
limfa+ Al =0 ee)
* ac,) Ans.
os rte ttt agg EAP
aso
because (0°) = 0, bur FOr}C
sy
a0 A
fe)=f0)
% fled=fO)2+2
As fO)=5 3 150)
= A= FOE +5 so itent}
Also (x)= /"0) = PU =/"0)=-1
=> ros
Hones, f(x) =5- Ans.
" 1
=P ta B+ J ja —W+ a
Scanned by CamScanner 87
pe lim
1f te(0,2) sind (0-2) + does note
If se(S,2) snes *8.1)p=0
7 1_1
1. For existence ite===3 p= =—
oflimit = =p a
2
Hence, preoad _,, 900.7, ag Ans.
PB PR 2
z 0-5
S+a* 2(B x>0
2 3+a
a”® * a
fx) =| tog, 0” | #<0ie par-|4| S| #<0
a +e
Sta *
0 anit 0 2=0
= 2-8
-0 =A\2 -0
(i)
(en
=Oasa>0
f'0")= im, nt =Oasa >0;f°0-)= lim, =
Differentiable and continuous atx = 0. Ans.
28, Area of the parallelogram outside thecircle gf is
= Area of parallelogram — Area of sector OPQ Di
“f
sino}2—3-0=sind-9= 10
‘Scanned by CamScanner 88. GRB Protilema in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
|
exe—
i 2 ii iene
m i> @ 040 e 22
24. fle) =[4sinx] — 7; f(x)is discontinuous, when sinx
3 = 7points. Ans.
25, P(x)is an even function. Ans.
‘So, itis symmetrical about y-axis.
P-D=Al) = land Pl-
Graph of P(x) showing minimum number of distinct real zeroes
28, S, =1+347+13+21+..+¢,
B,H14847 4184 tty a tty
OH1F 244464844 ly — tna) “ty
S14 244464844) — tna)
H14 "Spx a (n-O%2
=14+(n=1n=n*-n+1
lim (Jn? a+ —m)= lim 22"? ; Ans.
L 1 1
Ce ee ey
fi = Sats 6 u-ne-aene ey
te, Pe —
FI)
+ fisdiscontinuous atx = 12, 3
‘Scanned by CamSeanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiabitity 89
28. We know that lin, wel
eo
4 limG* -D=0
x0
= (-p*
meee! {r+ == ta | x
* go (VF =D x0 @* —D? (x* +0"
we =1* #* o
=i — 2 ___ “(3-4 Ans
est (xe 18 (x* +07 2)\4) 8
29, f(x) =max.(sinx, sin” Xcosx))
y
z
el
0 x
=z
%
Clearly, /(x) is continuous but non-differentiable at infinite points. ‘Ans.
80. (flan? —(eF 46°) fear ee" <0
(fie) (fe) =e") 50
ef O sina ~2 =Ohasno rootin (0,5)
8B)
tans >2V2¢(0s 8) tans ~*~ Obas norootin(0, 5}
(C) The statement is true by extreme value theorem.
(Property of continuous function in closed interval)
(D) ‘The function g(x) is not given continuous in [3,5] so the given statement is
not always true. Ans,
‘Scanned by CamScanner www.myguideinfo.com
90 GRB Problems in Calculua (Hints & Solutions)
1
82, Atx -0,2, Lae
filzx)is integer and g(x) is continuous, Ans.
88. Since flx,)=flz,)Vx,22€R
+. fe) must be conatant
Hence, p?-1=0sp=t1
q? +2q-8=09=-31
1» Largest possible valueoffp + q=4. Ans,
Tim Mlovelex) nocte’x)- soole®x)... secte™z))
£50 asoor (@F 29% = 1) 2(1- come) a
2 2eosx #
= lim 1nlweckex) socte’x) .. sooce™x))
2540 ex?
2, fy)
= Him MCL + sectex) secfe “) «». Beate) —
#90 ext
= Lim S24@H) seele%s) . secle*s) see(ex)—-1
20 etx?
‘Apply L' Hospital Rule, get
petitet tet toe _ een
2 weXer-) Ae? -1
(p? = Me - 9-2; -Qexe-1
85. fx)=|- 2(p*- D- 2; xs-l
{Hae slere?
1
-Bip*-D—2=- 2p? -D-2-q, = a
=> p=tlag=0
5 B
‘Scanned by CamScanner = GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
Ifx > e then /(x)is decreasing
- 2010 >2008 == /(2010) < 7(2009)
= ion «2009 a8
= (2010)%0° < (2009)
4
= in| cao095* +((2010)"%)" }
L
2008 \"]
= Jim2o0g)™"* {ama =12000) = Ans,
tasty
40, L= tin 2 aa on
- tm (soins
Jim tin, SAE agg)
ee" *
4) a
LHL. = f(0") =e) **/ =e *
1
flO") = FO") =e * =k
Ans.
41. Inrightvieinityofe= cots ¥4+.2=92*, 3°", 57 90
In left vicinity of x = x cote + — oxo 2*, 3, 5? 0
2)" (3
()
NN. Tim het __NO/_ Bente
aunt om e
ay™ (3 a.
5
LHL. li 2 ‘Ane
42, Put
yar
o [f@ +B - FOOLS IAP
fern- fe £2) rim h®
hoo
Ifcajso
‘Scanned by CamScanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiabitity 93
ET lf’ (x) |=0=9 /(@) =constant
& fix) =100
Henee, (20) = 100 Ans.
4 fiz) =In gz)
fix+D=Ing (e+)
fe +1) fix) =In glx +1)— Ing ts)
ele+D
=mn2*— in
me en
=feia—
= P@rd-fa- 5
Putting =1, 2,3......mand adding, we get
" y= pty =tet a
FD= PD) EF = FD) + sree HP UAAD = [OM = 9 + 5 Foner t
ing) pret+) —
PAD FD EG 5 tet ‘Ans.
4, £20. fe G
e*-1 ef -1
=
=
1 ‘ ect 4
(=) tin (222) st net
a0 x #0 x
45,5 Max) - 6F%tx) + 11 fle) -6 =0 3
= (FG) =9f 4 D(f)—H=0 — P 2aay
=~ (fle) - 0 (FC) - 2 (fx) -8)=0
= f(z) =1or2or3
@ILHL. «RELL + (0)
‘Then number of such fimetions = 3! = 6. (See diagram)
(i If any two of L.HLL. (07), RELL. /(0*) and f(0) are equal and thitd one is not
equal thon number of such finetions = °C, x °C, x #0, = 18.
‘Scanned by CamScanner 94
41.
GAB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
+ Number ofsuch functions = 24 Ans.
Alternative : Total number of functions are= 3° = 27
‘Total number of continuous functions = 3
Hence, total number of discontinuous functions = 27-3 = 24, Ans,
1-2e £<0 fev, Of221
Given fit) =)1, ost si=ge)={
at a-x, l 2
flx)is continuous every where but non-derivable at x = 2only,
=p =Oandq=1 Ans,
s Bevcto ceinactand © csintact
O1
e f= ox", reQ
Sx —b, €Q
‘Scanned by CamScenner www.myguideinfo.com
Limits, Continuity and Differentiabitity 95
+: fz)is continuous at x = 2and 3,
2. ag? = Be — b should have roots 2.and 3 ax" - Bx +5=0
2 525s0-1end2=625-6
a a
nb-a=5 Ans.
BO. «./(2)is differentiable in (0, =), “*
Hence, lim flz) must exist and is finite:
+ y= f(@) must have a horizontal asymptote asx — e then
only lim f(x) will exist.
it te ) hasan inclined axymptots as yx — then 1 lim farm
*. f(z) hase horizental asymptote
Hence lim f” (2) -»0
= (©) (also see figure for f(x) = tan =) KO
ey "sk ie ears
(Lat fix) =x sin 4 which is differentiable in (0,
= “ 1 1
f'Ge)= sin 2 —2eos 2
fta)+ f'e)=(c8in 2) +(sin 2-3 os 2)
=o iso
Henee, lim f(z) =L-and lim f"(x)=0 Ans.
me ie
Gi fz) = tan x in (0, =)
Linked Comprehension Type
Paragraph for Question Nos. 1 and 2
i) Zim fle) + = 0—> lim fle) =-2
‘Scanned by CamScanner 96. GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
x? + Sr
a oe (EAS) =2
1-5 1
=> lim loge , =~ teviog,( 3) =-2=-2logya=—20~2 Ans.
ele
Gi) g(0*) =0,(0) = Oand g0-) =-1
= g(2) is discontinuous at x =0
= gO) #2 0°) Ans.
Paragraph for Question Nos. 3 to 5
Joga (la? - 82+ + fa?" +9 + [E-l|-«
SS ae
3
‘The equation will satisfy ifa= 2, §=+1
ost-2<1-6s7<9
@) a=2p=tLy=6,7.8
Number of ordered tripleta(a, 8, is 6. Ans.
® sim [285] [28%] + [S82 ))-s +e +7 =38 Ans.
Gi) p=2
Jim (3- atan Zz]
safermte—(t) a
earner
= lim 2{1- tan 2x ee aa la og Ans.
tn[ et i vtan( 2)
Paragraph for Question Nos. 6 and 7
Plz) = (x? — 4) (Gx = D(x* -9) +) =(2* - 4) (@* - 10x? + 10)
Pls) PG) _ 4 (e2-4)@* - 102" +10)
i) lim. « sim +s --
@ Pe ‘ero #8 rar ” nae
‘Scanned by CamScanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 97
2_ I qo, =x =tox®
x jx“ —10x* +10 eet (e* ~ 10x +10) 5
Gi) Tim T Ans.
eo tant 2410
x
Paragraph for Question Nos. 8 to 10
@ Ifa, thena +0
a Pex) =bx +0
Now, P(2)=2b+c=9 and P’ (3) =b =5=¢=- 1 P(x) =e -1
4
s = aim e-8 ee 5
Now, (ES y (1 form) =e’ e Ans,
Gi) When a, B+ «thena,b—+0
* P@)=¢ but P()=9> P(x) =9
WPG)-3_ 5, 3-8 Senst sero
Joes “ae 4 nee aia ao oa
(ii) Fora =p Pls) =a - 0)?
AsP(2)=9>P(2)=a(2-a)*=9 a=
Now,
(2-9)?
z'@-a)*
a stan (Ft ~a))[[1 ean (7 Ge a) or* -2
Putting x = a+ A, we get
9 a
Pe heel =e
jim —2 _.
0 @- ay afi
Now,
9 Afton) 9
9
lim = lim —*9§ _=8
*0(2-a)"-2 Btanh (e-D yo 4(2- a? es4(—a)* 16
' a ‘Scanned by CamScanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 97
2_ I qo, =x =tox®
x jx“ —10x* +10 eet (e* ~ 10x +10) 5
Gi) Tim T Ans.
eo tant 2410
x
Paragraph for Question Nos. 8 to 10
@ Ifa, thena +0
a Pex) =bx +0
Now, P(2)=2b+c=9 and P’ (3) =b =5=¢=- 1 P(x) =e -1
4
s = aim e-8 ee 5
Now, (ES y (1 form) =e’ e Ans,
Gi) When a, B+ «thena,b—+0
* P@)=¢ but P()=9> P(x) =9
WPG)-3_ 5, 3-8 Senst sero
Joes “ae 4 nee aia ao oa
(ii) Fora =p Pls) =a - 0)?
AsP(2)=9>P(2)=a(2-a)*=9 a=
Now,
(2-9)?
z'@-a)*
a stan (Ft ~a))[[1 ean (7 Ge a) or* -2
Putting x = a+ A, we get
9 a
Pe heel =e
jim —2 _.
0 @- ay afi
Now,
9 Afton) 9
9
lim = lim —*9§ _=8
*0(2-a)"-2 Btanh (e-D yo 4(2- a? es4(—a)* 16
' a ‘Scanned by CamScanner 98 GRB Froblems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
Paragraph for Question Nos. 11 to 13
Pix) = 2° - 9x4 + pe 2727 4g tr
++ Plx) is divisible by x?
q=r=0
P(x) = 25 -9x' + px? - 272?
Boast = 922 + px- 1-0
aye R”
+B +7=9, apy =27
AMofa, y= **Bttg
GM. of a, By y= (apy? =(27)"" =3
TAM, =G.M, = a=p=y7
+ 8¢=9=>a=9=p=7
p= af+py+ya=27
a ptgrr=27+04+0=27 8.
Gi) a-1=2,)+3=6,y+7=10
si ae aan ae ea ae
N 4:
a Awa “Sy Zar amon -2(n=D* “aaa wake a
aift_tya_
»
wl
(iii)
an? ane
aty ty t,
27 a7? (an
Paragraph for Question Nos. 14 to 16
According to given information, we must have /(x).# polynomial of degree 4 with
lending coefficient 3.
So, fix) =3e - DG -HE+DG +6 +2? +)
® 0) = 109 Ans.
‘Scanned by CamScanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiabiiity 99
im f=? -1_ Tim 2 — De +105 +8)
/ 9 =-360 Ans.
0) J aGen ite 3G+68) =u
ras i A
(iii) We hay 1° Tyofe) ei s-e- Be ede =e ew
le uve BOOT ATO) GP +D-Be— Dear DE HO)-GD
=1 2-6-1238
“Te-De-De+ Der
80 points of discontinuous are three i.e.,x = -6,-1, 2 Ans.
ite a(S
As, f is continuous at x =
Now, fO>)= (0) = pand fit") =9+4
nu
11-16 -5
= =
As, f is also continuous atx = 1,so;p=q+4=>9= q=
1
xe x43, cdcaiatan |
So, fle= 2, legs
Graph of fx)
a+b cos.
As, g(a) is continuousat.x ~0,80 im [ Ai) 100 GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
As, above limit exist, soa +b=O-b=-a
=e
2 Graph of hia
and hte) =4%, +2 *<2 ———— ee
fee x21 (Note : g(x)=0 = cosy=1 = x=2nx,
ne 1. But g(0)=1)
Now, verify alternatives. Arr.
Paragraph for Question Nos, 20 to 22
- Hf) _ 24 sin® 41_8sin?x-1 2
y= = et
0 2 aC)” 24 sin? aein'y 3 Sein? —8
twa mns(-= jl}
Aliter: y= Mflw) _ 204sin®x—041_8sin’s—1
=8sin*r - 1=8(sin*x)y-:
Hf) X4sin’x-1)-1 Bsin%x-8 y Seine SB leteea ey
= 8y=1=8ein2x(y=n sin? = 87-1 gc 59-?
ay sy Dsante Wot 0s BoE e
By-1
Now, Es ) i
low, Fay PO PIEC IU. sali)
Aisa, Sy-1 44 % 8 -by+7
By=D D = Ss <0
= xe aE oy e(-o wulZ. -| alii)
+-From (i) and (ii), we get
v(--a)-li--) aoe
fisin x) Asin® (sin“'y)-1 —
i ge ti eo lg Ce += Ans.
2 2 “4
rea ‘by CamScanner Limits, Continuity av) :tiability
isin he)-3 _ 5, 4sin® (sin kx) -1-8
i xot h@) =e deel
2 2
shix? -4
Qn+1
Here, Nr must be zero, W-4=05k=42.
2
= Tim, M42 =D
sot Beal
Paragraph for Question Nos. 23 and 24
(i) Ife e(-2,0)thenx+1e(-1D=@+D*e),D
(e+) 40a8n >
lim 2" + 2te+2™ a
= lim, 4(¢~1)=-8,S0,|k| + |ZJ=2+8=10.
wo
= Tig Bee (a) =1-
te ae (et DE ee? 1 a x?41
4) [ex ©
poe (0.4)c[= S]asxe-20
e-20
Fa ze(-2
fa)= Ties -2U04) fie)=tan® :.0=tan (fiz)
k x=0
3 x=-2
=tan| tein] A=) _ =tan(Letent }
a) san {ain (205 eam -tan( fen fe) }a8 7) (
= fe
5, range ofat)ia(0, 2}
tii) Ife <= 2thenx + 1<-Land(x+1)™ asp oo
re
2 2a (e+ p”
a fo = tim 222040" _ 5 Gen _2
fad= MDP ested a ret eel
Gen
f(x) € (— 2,0) asx €(—=, - 2)
101 102 GRB Problems in Caloulus (Hints & Solutions)
If ¥e(- =,—3), then f(x) €[-1, 0)
Soyg(x) = tan -Btan™ * pla) = f=
Ife (-3,~ Dthen fix) e(- 2-0
x. gx) = tan (Fe- x- 2tan7 fe) as tan (E+ tan? ffs) =cottan"* ted)
neo{-er Cel ere
Soe Him Sint +9) ete)
’ ead Pde 48
. _sinte+3) 2
img StS. “a
= sat +9G+D @+D
sine +3) r+1_1
wd J G+oa+D 2
Paragraph for Question Nos. 25 and 26
Gi) Let P(acos®, @ sin®) then0Q = b + acosd
=1+acos6 (asbis 1)
So, QR=011+ac080)
So, tim MEFs),
oe
Clearly,
n-1L=Rie,n=Sand/=2
So, aentl= 1sa4d=202 3
(ii) Letmbe(C, 0).
So MN =Csind
Als, QR = + ac050)
Kb + acos0) + C sind
> f -
fore of Jee b
2 4!
ee ee
cay oF
‘Scanned by CamScanner Limite, Continuity and Differentiabitity 103
oy
Now for limit toexista + +e=0and limit is~(2 + ©)
Sob = 2s0C =(—2- adie. pointis(- 2-4, 0), Ans.
Paragraph for Question Nos, 27 to 29
Peel = By et he)
hao h
- bm £14 Ad) = Sah + (0% =Dle* —D)-fixd
a0 hk
= FXO) +e* —1- 2
=l+e* -1-2 =e - 2
fa) =e* - 27 +2
fO)=1-0+ 2922-1
* fe) =e =x? -1
@ fl@=e'-4-1=69-5
{f(D| =e? -5-2=08 -7 tey'edi] thee
ity ty POD) 4 Me™ — Beg a 0
fern ( BE Sra) (8 seen), rk
ney | Art) anol n are
= lim| 2 r+ D-D or =. sfe-*] =
tn ean ea (fore 0,01 €(0,0,cle*1=0)
< 1 1
pe tind § (1 maa)? mins Eh -3-4))
‘Scanned by CamScanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 105
= Bge{ aa
se Pel ( aa)
nt
ae ED
e*, x <0
Now, f@)=)a z=0
pe +d, x>0
Since, (x) is differentiable in R.
continuity at x =0
thepeth
l=q=h
and derivable at x = 0
i=p
a ptqtasd Ans.
le, x<0 nx, O1
rand + r(in3)+r(mS}+r(n3) dite
, x<0
4 x=0
L x>0
+
Salon
:
s
&
0
,
solr
+
S|
a} ta na| ta] roto
F
More Than One Correct Answers
1. flO") =2, f(0*) = 2, (0) = 2; /"0*) = 2/07) = - 2
F(t") = FQ) = fl") =e" — 1 (each)
Also, Hi [ftz)] = 2 Ans.
‘Scanned by CamScanner www.myguideinfo.com
106 GRB Problems in Coloulue (Hints di Solutions)
1
1
ficx)\* _.-3 Ast — Bx? +Cx?-De+E\: _ 3
* sn 2 oa a =~
& c=D=k=0
Also, =p-18- 2
i tg (2 act sath (yee
a8
a4 lim
xo
Act 4 2% 5) 4
ee
= S2-324=-6
80, fix) =(-6x4 2% Ans.
& At 222
RED, =5+-x|/=5+1=6
LHD. =5
So, f(x) is continuous but not differentiable atx = 2.
Aliter:
Sx +1, es2 (Se +1, xs2
lt : 2
ral gcoief ws soe = Lede, z>2
0 i
4 erie!
(A) x2 —x9 =sec%o- sae,
(B) lim (seco - tane) = tim =sind 9
oat
= cos x|
© tim occ? 0 erbt
@) ti (6! 6tan! © = DN.
wt
2
6, p2l Vxe R = f(x) =max. |x|, cosx]
% fe
y= 1s]
y= coax
x x Ans. Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 107
6 (A) lim a(f(z))= lim g(x)=D.NE_
roar 20"
(B) lim _g(flete))= lim gtfiz))= Him g(x) =0
re
OC) tg LEBay
Oe A -8
tim AAD _ gio, C22)
x70" (fx)=2)? x0 (2-2-3
elim (zl conl2@—2— 9 _ 5, 1 cox
0 a ao x
1- coals
2 f= ee
i xXx? + ax? + bx +0)?
z* +or* +bx+0=(x-D@-2D(x—-D =x" -Ge7 + lie -6
a+bee=-1
=—___Leeosie)
MO" 3G—nG-aG-a"
New, ta maZanda= 2
8 72
* Ze
2 Tem+n=a-
8. Graph of y = g(x)
From the graph it is clear that
(A) range of g(x) is[- 4, =)
«B) Tim [ge)=—2
=
(C) g(x) is continuous atx =0
(D) g(z) is continuous at x
but discontinuous at x = 3
+ Options (A), (B) and (C) are correct,
9 Clearly, fla) =2*,80a=8,b=24+8=10,c=8-2=6,
Clearly, a-ko@-u A
An ey | o™
s 12
’ c 108. {GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
A
2tan~
Also, tnas4.— 2 ton 4d Sais
3 an 2 3
2
a 1
10. As lim(1 + Inx eine? +25) = Jim((1 + In -In(h? + 25)*-
vg esa
aot a1 a goon 92 os
kt + 25=R(2sin? a + 8cosp + 5)
=> Bein! a+ Seosp'+ B= +
a 25
72 er whe 210
But LHS.<10
So, both L.H.S. and R.H.S, should be equal to 10.
= sin? a =1and cosp=1
sie ‘sin! a+ cos B_ 141 _ Ans
‘ sinta+cosp 1+]
fe(2 + )) = fiz)
= tim f+ B-f) _ 5,
Ue fe) = fm FEE = firm SA
A
im peste
rf gtd
ae (le
z
“ee fe
fe) _ fort ss
=> file) = Fs hte = ox
As f()=1=>c=1 .
Hence, fix) =x Ans.
2) = 2" pin Ge?
12, Given, fea) = tim + ona sin (x*)
s +s
Scanned by CamScanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiability 109
4.
(—sin(x%), -e1 recat x=1
—sin(z*), l by >e
a, =n+qn2ei>1on-yn? +d
1
nji+ji+
[oh
= ae =
all- tet
ap eel J 2010) Ans.
Now, =2=(B)
‘Scanned by CainScanner GAB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
hdt _ [oh il
= ees ahtant*) =
enamel tian Pte] ame
Pai, lala aRi
Note: 2 > n [B-a.azas7 and n=3.1415929]
16, Given, f’(t)=e' (cos* r= sin 2¢)
«+ Integrate both sides with respect tot, we get
it) =e! coa*t +C
But, f0) =1=0=0
So, fit) =e" cos*t
Clearly,
tAs,- —|form
2 x0" 1/x® (5)
wd pg PD ae vanishes.
aoa ee
(C) Let f= lim x!***? In t= lim, ao (2) term
xo" zat (in(e+2)7 Le,
1
= tii x = tim @+D Inte +0
aa Tet a
Ine +d
2
= ern) xx(e+)
=
=-()? x0 x(0+D=0
Hence /= 1.
er
(Dy tim WE HB EFT pig * SA * 7 -9-(p) vanishes. Ams.
00 x + tanx
‘Scanned by CamScanner 112 GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
a Ab yy8
19. Let = lim eee)
7 8 cot Yee |4 kt sin
x
1
2 (Given)
And, ifh #0, then L = ——9—= bok? ah -4=0-9h= 4,1
7Ao
Now, verify alternatives. Ans.
20. Letx elm, m+ where me then fix) =x +[z]=2+m.
FQ) =1>0V x elm, m+D~ flx)is strictly increasing ; -. fx) exits,
* ya f@)=x+m>x=y-m
but mSx0
(B) fz)=x 4 sinx —1
flO)=-1<0,ftx/6)=2+4—1>0
© fle als - 9 + Ha - dia
2a <0; f(3) = 2 > 0 = flx) =0in (1, 3)
H(b) = f(b) — gb) <0
Hence using IVT all the four have at least one root inindicated interval. Ans.
25, (A) Incorrect, For example,
Onto but discontinuous, 14 (GRB Problems in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
(B) Incorrect. For example g(2)=2¥ x €l0, 2
y
Continuous but not onto.
(C) Correct,
As range is bounded, so g must be bounded.
(D) Correct. By extreme value theorem, if g is continuous in{a, b] then g must be
bounded. ‘Aus,
=a, -eee (8) ‘Ans.
3 fiz)= [= agus? -#+0
(0.-1¥
Cleadyia t=» +1=(2 =) +S whichis 3
2,
ssgn(x?-2 4 D=1
H8 5 -2Sx<—n/2
2 ; -w/2Sx<-n/d
_[4e]_|-1 5 -e/4sx<0
- nta)=|[%] lo; Osxcn/4 4
Lo 3 wl4ex(A)>P, QB, 8,T Ans,
‘Séenned by CamScanner Limits, Continuity and Differentiabitity 117
‘s fx) = fi4a — x) V x © [20, 4a)
Putz =2a +h,
We get f (2a + h)= (2a —h)
(©) We have Fix) = [le ) =F (x) =e fe")
and G(z) =e! Gtx) =6!""'f' x)
Gry _ Fel _ fre! _3e®
Se
é
PO oe) FO Sm
@)
} (2) snon-derivable a
2 points x=xyandx= 1
1. Number of points of non differentiability=2 => (8) ‘Ans.
3 fiz)= [= agus? -#+0
(0.-1¥
Cleadyia t=» +1=(2 =) +S whichis 3
2,
ssgn(x?-2 4 D=1
H8 5 -2Sx<—n/2
2 ; -w/2Sx<-n/d
_[4e]_|-1 5 -e/4sx<0
- nta)=|[%] lo; Osxcn/4 4
Lo 3 wl4ex(A)>P, QB, 8,T Ans,
‘Séenned by CamScanner GRB Problems.in Calculus (Hints & Solutions)
{B) fix) = 00s” (sra(oe =. ) sree r
= falx) = cos" (egn (Ginnx))
w/2 ; x=-2
-2ab <0)
= xeE3-au 23,
®
(62)
ya G5)
Graph of y= fx) Graph of y= Misi)
Clesily, Rayp =[- 4.21
‘Number of integers in the range of function /{<|) =7
(el? 18 le) 442 _ 5, (H1—DUl-9 9 py
Nowa dim, Go -6) =? @—Dize-6) m8
(eel tetelew
oP ding -2_(@- tan)
Se ee
x(a+b 4x? b4o4x! fs).
bab ig?
7
> a+b-Oandb+3=0=5=-a Alsoa=3
bd
be 6(-$-2)=-12. Hence, (®=" bP).
-3-(-12
