1

Process Modeling
and Simulation
Lab Report
SUBMITTED BY:
NAME - SATISH BHARTI
SCHOLAR NO. - 2211701171
YEAR - 3rd (5th
sem) BRANCH -
CHEMICAL
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INDEX
S. No. Name Page No.
1 Mixing of Ideal Liquid Streams 4-6

2 Determination of Thermo-physical Properties of 07 - 09

Pure Component

3 Determination of Equilibrium Composition for Methane 10 - 13

Steam Reforming

4 Material Balance on Reactor Based on Yield - Conversion 14 - 18

Data
5 19 - 22
Simulation of a CSTR for Liquid Phase Reaction

6 Simulation of a Flash Column 23 - 26

7 Simulation of a Distillation Column 27 - 31

8 32 - 36
Simulation of a Heat Exchanger (Shortcut Method)

9 37 - 40
Shortcut Simulation of Heat Exchanger

10 41 - 44
Separation using Absorption Column
 3

CERTIFICATE
Name - SATISH BHARTI
Scholar No. 2211701171 Course - B.Tech Year - 3rd (6th SEM)
Branch - Chemical College - MANIT BHOPAL

This is certified to be the bonafide work of the student in the

PROCESS MODELLING AND SIMULATION laboratory during the
academic Year 2024-25

DATE Professor In-charge

—----------------- --------------------------
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Experiment No. 1

Mixing of Ideal Liquid Streams

Objective:
Develop a simple process sheet to mix two liquid streams and estimate
the flow rate and composition of outlet streams.

Data:
Inlet stream 1: 40 mol % Ethanol solution flowing at 18
kmol/h Inlet stream 2: 70 mol % Ethanol solution flowing
at 9 kmol/h Inlet stream 1 is at 25 °C and 1.2 bar
Inlet stream 2 is at 40 °C and 1.8 bar
The liquid streams can be considered as ideal

DWSIM Blocks Used:

Mixer

Procedure:

1. A new DWSIM simulation was initiated using version 5.1 (Classic UI),
with the "New steady state Simulation" template selected for setup.

2. In the configuration window, components necessary for the simulation

—Ethanol and Water—were added from the “ChemSep” database to
ensure consistency in property data.

3. Raoult’s law was chosen as the thermodynamic model to govern the

behavior of the mixture.

4. The system of units was customized as required, and the simulation

was advanced to the flowsheeting environment.

5. Two Material Stream blocks were placed on the flowsheet and

renamed to “Inlet-Stream-1” and “Inlet-Stream-2”, representing the
two input liquid streams.

6. For each inlet stream, the molar flow rate, temperature, pressure, and
mole fractions of components were specified according to the
provided data. Once
 5

configured, the streamlines turned blue, indicating successful parameter

entry.

Specification of inlet stream

Stream Molar Flow Mol Mol fraction Temperatur Pressure

Rate fraction Water (-) e °C bar
(kmol/hr) EtOH (-)
Inlet Stream1 18 0.40 0.60 25 1.2

Inlet Stream2 9 0.70 0.30 40 1.8

7. An additional Material Stream block was introduced and renamed

“Outlet Stream” to serve as the output from the mixer.

8. The “Mixer” block was selected from the Unit Operations section and
placed on the flowsheet. It was then renamed appropriately to
represent the mixing unit operation.

9. No separate specification is required for the “Mixer” block.

10. Now, all necessary credentials required for simulation are added. It
should be connected in a proper sequence. Click on the “Mixer” block,
the general information about the block is displayed on the right.
Under the “connections” tab, for all streams click the dropdown button
and select the necessary connections. If
 6

all the connections are given correctly, all the blocks will turn blue.

11. Run the simulation by pressing the “Solve flow sheet” button on the
top corner of the screen.

12. To analyze/display the results, select the “Master property table”

icon on the toolbar. A box will appear which is double clicked to modify
it further. Select the streams which have to be shown in output and
click “OK”. The property table will be opened showing all the results as
shown in the figure below.

Result:

Self-Learning:

1. How to modify the simulation, if pure ethanol is mixed with water to

form a solution.

2. What if the enthalpy of mixing is not negligible.

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Experiment No. 02

Determination of Thermo-physical Properties of Pure Component

Objective:
Determine the thermo-physical properties of a pure component as a function of
temperature and pressure. For instance, determine the specific heat capacity
of liquid ethanol at 1 bar from 30 °C to 90 °C.

Data:
Fluid: Ethanol
Thermodynamic model:
Ideal

DWSIM Block:
No blocks required

Procedure:

1. A new DWSIM simulation was initiated using DWSIM VER 5.1 -

CLASSIC UI by selecting “New steady state simulation” as the
template.

2. The simulation configuration window was opened. On the

specification page, Ethanol was selected as the component for the
simulation.

3. The property package (Raoult’s law) was selected and added, and
the default flash algorithm was applied for the simulation, followed
by clicking “Next”.

4. The desired unit system for the simulation was selected and
continued by clicking “Next”.

5. The flow sheeting section was left empty as no blocks were required.

6. The “Pure component property viewer” was accessed from the

“Tools” tab in the top menu to generate the thermo-physical property
data.

7. On clicking the tab, the pure component property window appeared.

Ethanol was selected as the component for which the data had to be
generated.
 8

8. Once the component was selected, the window layout changed

accordingly.
 9

9. The “Liquid-phase” tab was located below the component tab and
selected. This action generated a graph of temperature versus
specific heat capacity for Ethanol.
 10

10. The “Data-table” tab was clicked to view the thermo-physical

properties in tabulated form.

Result:

Self-Learning Exercise

1. Determine the thermal conductivity and viscosity of liquid ethanol

and in vapor phase.
 11

Experiment No. 03

Determination of Equilibrium Composition for Methane Steam Reforming

Objective
To develop a simple process flow sheet in DWSIM to determine the equilibrium
composition for the methane steam reforming reaction at a specified
temperature and pressure.

Data
Reaction:
CH₄(g) + H₂O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + 3H₂(g)

Inlet stream:
20 kmol/h of CH₄ and H₂O in 1:1 ratio
Temperature = 900 K
Pressure = 3 bar

DWSIM Block Used:

Equilibrium Reactor

Procedure

1. Start a New Simulation

Open DWSIM (VER 5.1 - CLASSIC UI). Click on "New steady state simulation".

2. Add Components
Add the following components:

○ Methane (CH₄)

○ Water (H₂O)

○ Carbon Monoxide (CO)

○ Hydrogen (H₂)
Select from Chempsep database.
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3. Set Property Package

Choose a suitable property package (e.g., Peng-Robinson) and set the
default flash algorithm.

4. Add Material Stream

Drag and drop a material stream, rename it as "Feed".

5. Set Feed Conditions

○ Temperature: 900 K

○ Pressure: 3 bar

○ Molar flow: 20 kmol/h

○ Composition: CH₄ = 0.5, H₂O = 0.5, CO = 0, H₂ = 0

6. Add Output Streams

Drag and drop two more material streams. Rename them as “Vapor”
and “Liquid”.

7. Add Energy Stream

Add one energy stream from the palette.

8. Insert Equilibrium Reactor

Drag and drop the equilibrium reactor block. Rename it as “EQ-Reactor”.

9. Set Reaction
Under the "Tools" tab, open "Reaction Manager" and select
"Equilibrium Reaction".

○ Define reaction: CH₄ + H₂O ⇌ CO + 3H₂

○ Basis: Partial pressure

○ Choose CH₄ as base component

10. Make Connections

Connect Feed, Vapor, Liquid, and Energy streams to the EQ-Reactor.
 13

11. Run the Simulation

Click "Solve flowsheet" to run the simulation.

12. View Results

Open “Master Property Table” to analyze feed and product stream
compositions.

Result:
Streams result
 14

Self-Learning Exercises

1. Run the simulation for methane steam reforming at 1000 K and 5

bar. Observe the equilibrium composition.

2. Modify the reaction system to include water-gas shift reaction along

with steam reforming. Analyze how equilibrium shifts.
 15

Experiment No. 04

Material Balance on Reactor Based on Yield - Conversion Data

Objective:

Develop a simple process sheet to determine the exit composition from a

reactor based on conversion (or yield) data using given stoichiometry.

Reaction: Ammonia Formation

N2(g)+3H2(g)→2NH3(g)

● Feed: 100 kmol/hr gaseous stream

● Composition: 25 mol% N2N_2N2, 75 mol% H2H_2H2

● Conditions: 25°C, 1 atm

● Conversion: 20% of nitrogen to ammonia

● Goal: Determine the exit stream composition.

Software Tool:

DWSIM Blocks Used: Conversion Reactor

Procedure:

1. Start New Simulation:

Open DWSIM ver 5.1 Classic UI → New steady state simulation.

2. Add Components:

○ Add Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Ammonia.

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○ Choose "Raoult’s Law" as Thermodynamic package.

3. Units & Configuration:

Set simulation units, move to the flowsheeting section.

4. Add Feed Stream:

○ Rename stream to "Feed".

○ Set composition:

■ N2N_2N2: 0.25

■ H2H_2H2: 0.75

■ NH3NH_3NH3: 0

○ Flow Rate = 100 kmol/hr, T = 25°C, P = 1 atm

5. Add Output Streams:

Add 2 streams: "Vapour-Outlet" and "Liquid-Outlet".

6. Add Energy Stream.

7. Insert Conversion Reactor

Block: Drag from the unit
operation panel.

8. Define Reaction (Tools > Reaction Manager):

○ Choose Conversion Reaction.

○ Base component = Nitrogen

○ Enter stoichiometry
N2+3H2→2NH3N_2 + 3H_2 \rightarrow 2NH_3N2+3H2→2NH3

○ Set conversion = 20%

○ Phase = vapor
 17

9. Connect Streams:

○ Use Connections tab in reactor block

○ Under “Calculation Parameters” → Set to Isothermic

Component Feed (kmol/hr) Vapour Outlet (kmol/hr)

Nitrogen 25.000 19.99995

Hydrogen 75.000 59.99978

Ammonia 0.000 9.99999

 18

10. Run Simulation:

Click “Solve flowsheet”

11. View Results:

○ Use “Master Property Table”

○ View molar fractions and flow rates.

Result:

Stream result
 19

Self-Learning Tasks:

1. Can you calculate heat duty for the reaction?

2. If 2% of Ammonia decomposes back to N2 and H2, recalculate exit

composition.
 20

Experiment No. 05

Simulation of a CSTR for Liquid Phase Reaction

Objective:
Develop a simple process sheet to determine the exit composition from a
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR).

Data:
Reaction: Ethylene glycol production in CSTR: Ethylene oxide reacts with water
to form Ethylene Glycol
C₂H₄O₍□₎ + H₂O₍□₎ → C₂H₆O₂₍□₎

Inlet stream: 26 m³/h of aqueous solution of Ethylene oxide with a mol fraction
of 15% and rest water. Reaction carried out at 55 °C under atmospheric
condition in CSTR of 2 m³
Reaction rate: –r = kC_EO

Where C_EO: Molarity of Ethylene oxide; k: rate constant = 0.005 1/s

DWSIM Blocks Used

Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR)

Procedure

1. Start a new DWSIM Simulation (DWSIM VER 5.1 - CLASSIC UI). Click on
“New steady state Simulation” as a template for new simulation.

2. The simulation configuration window will be opened. Add 3

components for the simulation - Ethylene oxide, Ethylene Glycol and
Water.

3. Ensure that all the components are added from same property
package. Example: All the 3 components are selected from
Chemsep database. Click “Next” button.

4. Select and add the property package and click “Next”. Add the
default flash algorithm for the simulation. Click “Next”.
 21

5. The flowsheeting section of simulation window will be opened. Drag

and drop the Material stream from the object palette and rename the
stream as “Feed”. This serves as input.

6. On clicking the “Feed” block, general information about the

block will be displayed on the left of the screen.

7. Specify the feed compositions, flow rate, temperature and pressure

for the inlet streams once composition and flow rate are specified for
the inlet streams, the color of stream turns blue.

Quantity Value

Temperature, (°C) 55

Pressure, (bar) 1

Volumetric Flowrate (m³/h) 26

Composition (mol fraction) Ethylene oxide: 0.15

Ethylene glycol: 0

Water: 0.85

8. Add one more Material stream i.e. Drag and drop it into the flow sheet.
Rename it as “Product”. This serves as output stream.

9. Add an energy stream which is available in the object palette below

the Material stream.

10. Below the Unit Operation tab, locate the “Continuous Stirred
Tank Reactor” CSTR block. Drag and drop into the flow sheet.
Rename it as “CSTR”.
 22

11. Under “Tools” tab in select “Reaction Manager” tab. choose the type of
reaction
i.e. “Equilibrium reaction” for this problem. A dialogue box will appear. Give
an appropriate name and description about the reaction.

12. Select the checkboxes adjacent to the component names, which

has to be included in the reaction. Give the stoichiometry of the
reaction and choose appropriate base component.

13. In this case the base component is “Ethylene Oxide”. Once base
component, stoichiometry is specified, a text “OK” appears in the
stoichiometry tab. Specify the rate constant of the reaction.

14. By default, the basis is activity and liquid phase. In this case it has to
be changed to Molar concentration and specify the phase as liquid.

15. Specify the rate constant of the reaction and click “OK”.

16. Click on “CSTR-REC” block, the general information about the block is
displayed on the right. Under “connections” tab, for all streams click
the dropdown button and select the necessary connections. If all the
connections are given correctly, the blocks will turn blue.

17. Run the simulation by pressing “Solve flow sheet” button on the
top corner of the screen.

18. To analyze/display the results, select on “Master property table”

icon on the tool bar. A box will appear which is double clicked to
modify it further. Select the streams which have to be shown in output
and click “OK”. The property table will be opened showing all the
results as shown in the figure below.
 23

Result:
 24

Experiment No. 06

Simulation of a Flash Column

Objective

Develop a simple process flow sheet to estimate the liquid and vapour
composition of a multi-component mixture undergoing partial vaporization.

Data

Components: n-butane, n-pentane, and n-hexane

Feed composition: 40 mol % n-butane, 35 mol % n-pentane, 25 mol % n-hexane
Basis: 120 kmol/h
Operating conditions:
Temperature = 50 °C
Pressure = 1.5 bar

DWSIM Blocks Used

● Gas-Liquid Separator

Procedure

1. Start a new DWSIM Simulation (DWSIM ver 5.1 - Classic UI). Click on
“New steady state Simulation” as a template for new simulation.

2. The simulation configuration window will be opened. It shows a

specification page. Add the three components - n-butane, n-pentane,
and n-hexane. Ensure that all the components are added from the
same property package. Example: All the 3 components are selected
from Chemsep database. Click “Next” button.

3. Specify the thermodynamic package as Raoult’s law.

4. Customize the system of units for the present simulation and click “Next”.
 25

5. The flowsheeting section of simulation window will be opened. It is

necessary to provide input and output streams for the unit operation to
be performed. Drag and drop the Material stream available at the
right, in the object palette. Rename the stream as “Feed-In”. This
serves as the input stream.

6. On clicking the “Feed-In” stream, general information about the stream

will be displayed on the left side of screen. Specify the feed
compositions, flow rate, temperature and pressure for the stream.
Once composition and flow rate are specified for the inlet stream, the
color of stream turns blue.

7. Add two more Material streams, i.e., drag and drop into the flowsheet.
Rename those streams as “Vap-Out” and “Liq-Out”. These serve as
output streams.

8. Below the unit operation tab on left, locate the Gas-Liquid Separator
block. Drag and drop into the flow sheet. Rename it as “Flash Column”.

(Flow diagram will be similar to the previous one, just names updated
accordingly.)

9. Now, all necessary credentials required for simulation are added. It

should be connected in a proper sequence. Click on “Flash Column”
block, the general information about the block is displayed on the
right. Under “connections” tab, for all streams click the dropdown
button and select the necessary connections. If all the connections are
given correctly, all the blocks will turn blue.

10. Run the simulation by pressing “Solve flow sheet” button on the top
corner of the screen. It will be in the shape of Triangle.

11. To analyze/display the results, select on “Master property table”

icon on the tool bar. A box will appear which is double clicked to
modify it further. Select the streams which have to be shown in output
and click “OK”. The property table will be opened showing all the
results as shown in the figure below.
 26

Quantity Value

Temperature (°C) 50

Pressure (bar) 1.5

Molar Flowrate (kmol/h) 120

Composition (mole fraction) n-butane: 0.40

n-pentane: 0.35

n-hexane: 0.25
 27

Result:

Self-Learning Exercises:

1. Re-run the simulation using SRK or PR thermodynamic model.

Predict the percentage change in the vapor and liquid composition.

2. Determine the following:

a) Operating pressure at which the feed is completely vaporized at 50 °C
b) Operating temperature at which the feed is completely vaporized at
1.5 bar

3. Is a flash column object really necessitated to perform a flash

operation in DWSIM? Explore Material stream and answer.
 28

Experiment No. 07
Simulation of a Distillation Column

Objective:
Develop a simple process flow sheet to estimate distillate and bottom
composition of a distillation column.

Problem Statement:
120 kmol/h of an equimolar mixture of methanol and water at 80°C and 1 atm
pressure is to be separated by a staged distillation column. A reflux ratio of
2.5 is used. Composition of methanol in the distillate should be 98% (by mol)
and water in the bottom should be 99% (mol). A total condenser and
reboiler, both at 1 atm pressure, are used. Determine the actual number of
stages, minimum reflux ratio, and the minimum number of stages for the
operation.

DWSIM Blocks Used

Shortcut Column

Procedure

1. Start a new DWSIM Simulation (DWSIM VER 5.1 - CLASSIC UI).

Click on "New steady state Simulation" as a template for new
simulation.

2. The simulation configuration window will be opened. Add the two

components required for simulation - Methanol and Water. Ensure
that all components are added from the same property package.
Example: Both components selected from Chemsep database.
Click "Next" button.

3. Select and add the property package and click "Next". Add the
default flash algorithm for the simulation. Click "Next".

4. The flowsheeting section of the simulation window will open. Drag

and drop the Material stream from the object palette. Rename it
as "Feed". This serves as input stream.

5. On clicking the "Feed" stream, general information about the

block will be displayed on the left of the screen. Specify the feed
composition, flow rate, temperature, and pressure for the inlet
 29

streams. Once composition and

 30

flow rate are specified for the inlet streams, the color of stream
turns blue.

Specification for the inlet stream:

Quantity Value

Temperature (°C) 80

Pressure (atm) 1

Molar Flow rate (kmol/h) 120

Composition (mole fraction) Methanol: 0.5,

Water: 0.5

6. Add two more Material streams, i.e., drag and drop them into the
flowsheet. Rename them as "Distillate" and "Bottoms". These
serve as output streams.

7. Add two energy streams: one for condenser duty (C-Duty) and
the other for reboiler duty (R-Duty).

8. Below the Unit Operation tab, locate the "Shortcut Column" block.
Drag and drop into the flow sheet. Rename it as "DC".
 31

9. Click on the "DC" block. The general information about the

block is displayed on the left of the screen. Provide
calculation parameters as shown below:

a. Light Key Compound (LK): Methanol

b. Heavy Key Compound (HK): Water

c. LK Mole Fraction in Bottom: 0.01

d. HK Mole Fraction in Distillate: 0.02

e. Reflux Ratio: 2.5

f. Condenser Type: Total

g. Condenser Pressure: 1 atm

h. Reboiler Pressure: 1 atm

 32

10. Under Column configuration, select the "connections" tab. Click

the dropdown button and give appropriate connections. If all the
connections are correct, the blocks will turn blue.

11. Run the simulation by pressing "Solve flow sheet" button on the
top corner of the screen.

12. To analyze/display the results, select the "Master property table"

icon on the toolbar. A box will appear, which can be double-
clicked to modify
 33

further. Select the streams to be shown in the output and click "OK".
The property table will open showing all the results.

Result:

Self-Learning Exercises

1. Simulate the column with feed given at (i) Stage 7 (ii) Stage
14 of the distillation column. Make inferences appropriately.

2. Simulate the column at a reflux ratio of 3. Discuss your results.

 34

Experiment No. 08

Simulation of a Heat Exchanger (Shortcut Method)

Objective

Develop a simple process flow sheet to estimate the outlet temperatures of hot
and cold streams using shortcut simulation of a heat exchanger.

Problem Statement

A counter-current heat exchanger is used to cool 150 kmol/h of hot water

(stream-1) from 150°C to approximately 90°C using cold water (stream-2)
entering at 30°C. The cold stream has a flow rate of 200 kmol/h. The
operation is conducted at 1 atm pressure on both sides. Simulate the heat
exchanger using shortcut method and determine the outlet temperatures of
both streams and the heat exchanged.

DWSIM Blocks Used

● Heat Exchanger (Shortcut)

Procedure

1. Start a new DWSIM Simulation (DWSIM VER 5.1 - CLASSIC UI). Click on
"New steady state Simulation" as a template for the new simulation.

2. The simulation configuration window will be opened. Add the required

component for the simulation – Water – from the component list.
Ensure the component is selected from the same property package
(e.g., Chemsep database). Click "Next".
 35

3. Select and add the property package and click "Next". Choose the
default flash algorithm and proceed by clicking "Next".

4. In the flowsheeting section, drag and drop two Material streams from
the object palette. Rename them as "Hot Inlet" and "Cold Inlet". These
are the two input streams to the heat exchanger.

5. Click on "Hot Inlet" and specify the following:

Quantity Value

Temperature (°C) 150

Pressure (atm) 1

Molar Flow rate (kmol/h) 150

Composition (mole fraction) Water: 1

6. Click on "Cold Inlet" and specify the following:

Quantity Value

Temperature (°C) 30
 36

Pressure (atm) 1

Molar Flow rate 200

(kmol/h)

Composition Water: 1
(mole fraction)

7. Add two more material streams. Rename them as "Hot Outlet" and
"Cold Outlet". These serve as output streams.

8. Go to the Unit Operations tab and drag the “Heat Exchanger

(Shortcut)” block to the flowsheet. Rename it as “HE”.

9. Click on the "HE" block. Under the connections tab, make the
following assignments:
 37

Connection Stream

Hot Inlet Hot Inlet

Cold Inlet Cold Inlet

Hot Outlet Hot Outlet

Cold Outlet Cold Outlet

10. Under the Parameters tab, input the following:

● Heat Transfer Type: Counter-current

● Heat Duty: Auto-calculated

● Heat Exchanged: Calculate Automatically

● Approach Temperature: 10°C (adjust if needed)

● Pressure drops: 0 atm for both sides

11. After inputting all parameters, click the “Solve flow sheet” button on
the top right of the screen.

12. To analyze/display results, click on “Master Property Table” icon

from the toolbar. A box will appear which can be double-clicked to
modify. Select the streams to be shown and click “OK”. The results will
show the outlet temperatures and the heat exchanged.
 38

Result:

Self-Learning Exercises:

1. Simulate the same heat exchanger by reducing the cold water flow
rate to 100 kmol/h and observe the outlet temperatures.

2. Simulate the exchanger with hot water entering at 180°C instead

of 150°C. Discuss the change in heat duty and outlet conditions.
 39

Experiment No. 09

Shortcut Simulation of Heat Exchanger

Objective

Develop a simple process flow sheet to estimate the heat duty and outlet
temperatures for a heat exchanger using shortcut simulation.

Data:

Quantity Value

Fluid Water

Inlet mass flow rate 50 kg/h

Inlet temperature 25°C

Desired outlet temperature 75°C

Pressure 1 bar

DWSIM Blocks Used

● Heat Exchanger (Shortcut)

 40

Procedure:

1. Start a new DWSIM Simulation (DWSIM ver 5.1 - Classic UI). Click on
"New steady state Simulation" as a template for new simulation.

2. The simulation configuration window will open. It shows a specification

page. Add the component "Water".

3. Specify the thermodynamic package as Raoult’s Law.

4. Select the system of units for the simulation and click “Next”.

5. The flowsheeting section of the simulation window will open. Drag and
drop the Material stream available at the right, in the object palette.
Rename the stream as "Flow-In". This serves as the input stream.

6. Double-click the "Flow-In" stream. The general information about the

stream will be displayed on the right side of the screen. Specify the
feed compositions, flow rate, temperature, and pressure for the inlet
stream. Once composition and flow rate are specified for the inlet
stream, the color of the stream turns blue.

Specification for the inlet stream:

Quantity Flow-In

Temperature (°C) 25

Pressure (bar) 1

Mass Flowrate (kg/h) 50

Composition (mass fraction) Water: 1

 41

7. Add one more Material stream i.e., drag and drop it into the flowsheet.
Rename the stream as "Flow-Out". This serves as the output stream.

8. Add an energy stream from the object palette to the flowsheeting section.

9. Below the Unit Operation tab on the left, locate the Heater block. Drag
and drop it into the flowsheet. Rename it as "Heater".

10. Click on the "Heat" block. The general information about the block is
displayed on the right.

a. Under the “Connections” tab, for all streams click the dropdown
button and select the corresponding streams:

i. Hot side inlet stream → "Flow-In"

ii. Hot side outlet stream → "Flow-Out"

b. In the “Parameters” tab:

i. Set the Hot Stream outlet temperature as 75°C.

11. Run the simulation by pressing the "Solve flowsheet" button on the top
corner of the screen.
 42

12. To analyze/display the results, select the "Master Property Table" icon
from the toolbar. A box will appear, which can be double-clicked to
modify further. Select the streams to be shown in the output and click
"OK". The property table will open showing all the results.

Result:

Self-Learning Exercises:

1. Simulate the heat exchanger with different outlet temperatures like

85°C and 95°C. Observe the changes in heat duty.

2. Change the mass flow rate to 75 kg/h and study its effect on heat duty.

3. Simulate using other fluids like Ethanol or Methanol and compare results.
 43

Experiment No. 10

Separation using Absorption Column

Objective

Develop a simple process flow sheet to simulate the separation of a gas

mixture using an absorption column in steady-state operation.

Data:

Quantity Value

Solvent Water

Gas feed components CO₂ and Air

Inlet gas flow rate 100 kg/h

Inlet gas temperature 30°C

Pressure 1 bar

DWSIM Blocks Used

● Absorption Column
 44

Procedure:

1. Start a new DWSIM Simulation (DWSIM ver 5.1 - Classic UI). Click
on "New steady state Simulation" to start a new simulation.

2. The simulation configuration window will open. It shows a specification

page. Add the components:

○ Water

○ CO₂

○ Air

3. Specify the thermodynamic package as "Peng-Robinson" or

"Raoult's Law" depending on component behavior.

4. Select the system of units for the simulation and click “Next”.

5. In the flowsheeting section:

○ Drag and drop two Material Streams:

■ Rename the first stream as "Gas-Feed" (this will be

the gas entering the absorber).

■ Rename the second stream as "Solvent-Feed" (this will

be the water entering from the top).

6. Double-click the "Gas-Feed" stream and "Solvent-Feed" stream:

○ For "Gas-Feed", set:

■ Temperature = 30°C

■ Pressure = 1 bar

■ Flowrate = 100 kg/h

■ Composition: 20% CO₂, 80% Air (by mass fraction)

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○ For "Solvent-Feed", set:

■ Temperature = 25°C

■ Pressure = 1 bar

■ Flowrate = 200 kg/h

■ Composition: 100% Water

7. Add two more Material Streams for the outputs:

○ Rename them as "Gas-Out" and "Solvent-Out".

8. Add an energy stream from the object palette if needed (optional for
Absorber shortcut simulations).

9. Locate the Absorption Column block from the Unit Operations palette.

○ Drag and drop it into the flowsheet.

○ Rename it as "ABSORBER".

10. Connect the streams:

○ "Gas-Feed" → Gas Inlet

○ "Solvent-Feed" → Liquid Inlet

○ "Gas-Out" → Gas Outlet

○ "Solvent-Out" → Liquid Outlet

11. Configure the Absorber Block:

○ Specify the number of stages (example: 5 stages).

○ Select the operation mode: "Equilibrium Stage Model" or Shortcut

Mode.
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○ Set the top and bottom pressures.

○ Optionally set stage efficiencies if detailed simulation is needed.

12. Run the simulation by clicking on the "Solve flowsheet" button.

13. To analyze/display the results, use the Master Property Table or

view stream compositions, temperatures, and pressures.

Specification for the inlet streams

Quantity Gas-Feed Solvent-Feed

Temperature (°C) 30 25

Pressure (bar) 1 1

Mass Flowrate (kg/h) 100 200

Composition 20% CO₂, 80% Air 100% Water