الجامعة
Islamic University اإلسالمية كليه
Faculty of Engineering
Department of
الهندسة قسم
Mechanical Engineering الهندسة
الميكانيكية
AUTOMATIC CONTROL
Term 461
2024-25
EXPERIMENT 1
LAB REPORT
Submitted To
Dr. Fitrian Imaduddin
Submitted By
Name, Family Name, Student ID No
Section No:
------------, 2024
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Islamic University الجامعة
Faculty of Engineering كلية اإلسالمية
Department of قسم الهندسة
Mechanical Engineering
الهندسة
الميكانيكية
ME 3824 – Automatic Control Experiment 1
Basic Electro-Pneumatic Control Elements
GRADING TABLE
Section No.:
Name, Family Name: _______________________________ID #:_____________________
Contents Grade Comments
Experimental Execution /40
Experimental Report /40
Teamwork /20
Total /100
Islamic University الجامعة
Faculty of Engineering اإلسالمية كليه
Department of الهندسة قسم
Mechanical Engineering
الهندسة ال
ميكانيكية
ME 3824 – AUTOMATIC CONTROL
EXPERIMENT 1
Basic Electro-Pneumatic Control Elements
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AIM
To receive training on elements of Electro-pneumatics on LEYBOLD COM3LAB -
LD Didactic training kit.
OBJECTIVES
• To identify different electrical and Pneumatic control elements and related
principles
• To connect and run electrical and Pneumatic control elements in elementary
electro-pneumatic circuits
EQUIPMENT
1. COM3LAB -Master Unit 700020
2. LEYBOLD Electro Pneumatic Circuit Board 70035
3. LD Didactic Rexroth Electro Pneumatic Elements 700351
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4. PC with COM3LAB Software
INTRODUCTION
As one of the oldest forms of energy, pneumatics has a firm standing in industrial
automation. Pneumatics incorporates the simple realisation of linear motions with
cylinders, circuit overload protection, the supply of air, high rotational speeds and the
simple regulation of the speed of rotating drives, and other benefits. Ever higher
demands are being put on the user-friendliness and operational reliability of
controllers, with the result that an ever greater number of signal- and logic controllers
are now in use. Both for this reason, and due to the large signal speeds involved,
electrical components, such as switches, relays and P/E converters are replacing
pneumatic signal- and logic operation elements more and more.
Workflow in Electro-pneumatics
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Design, structure and application of electropneumatic controllers
Design, structure and application of electropneumatic controllers
These controllers have a wide range of applications. Alongside transferring, clamping,
feeding, ejecting, rotating and turning, pneumatic controllers are also suitable for
machining operations which require medium levels of force, such as bending,
embossing and pressing. General control engineering defines controllers as “open
loop". This also applies to electropneumatic controllers. In other words, elements such
as signal-, logic operation elements and actuators are arranged in sequence in the form
of chains as shown in Fig. 2. Signals (physical variables) pass through the chain from
left to right without having a backwards influence on the input signals.
Cylinders
Cylinders convert the energy from compressed air into reversible linear motion.
Depending on their mode of operation, cylinders are categorized as either (1)
singleacting or (2) double-acting.
1. The compressed air is only delivered to the lower end of the piston. For this
reason, a single-acting cylinder is only able to move a load forwards. The
cylinder has two ports - a pressure port and a relief port. The annulus of the
cylinder is linked with the atmosphere.
Cylinder, single-acting with return spring
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2. The compressed air can act on either the underside or the piston side of the
cylinder. A double-acting cylinder can move a load either forwards or
backwards. When large loads are to be moved, cylinders having end position
cushioning on both sides are used. This prevents impact when the piston
reaches the cylinder bottom or –top. This kind of cylinder has two damping
pistons on either side.
Cylinder, double-acting, piston rod with external thread and adjustable end position
cushioning.
Valves
Valves are used to control the supply of compressed air into the cylinder. In electro
pneumatics, valves are switched using electronics. Relays are actuated using
manual pushbuttons and automatic solenoid switches. The relays open or close the
circuits for the valves, thus switching them through. 3/2-, 5/2- and 5/3-way valves
are used in electro pneumatics. Directional control valves control the supply of air
from a line/two lines.
3/2-way valves control the supply of air of a single line. They connect the output
port of the valve with the pressure port or relief port. 5/2-way valves control the
connection of two working ports with a pressure- and a relief port. 5/3-way valves
also control the connection of two working ports with a pressure- and a relief port.
5/3-way valves can also be operated in open mid-position. This allows the cylinder
to move freely without being controlled.
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Operation of Solenoid Valves
EXPERIMENTS
Task 1: Investigate the mode of operation of a single-acting cylinder and a 3/2-way
valve based on the following circuit diagram. Attach a picture of circuit made on
the equipment.
List of devices
• 1 x single-acting cylinder (Z1)
• 1 x 3/2 or 5/2–way valve, electrically actuated (Y1)
• 1 x pushbutton switch (S1)
• 1 x control switch (S0)
Task 2: Investigate the control of a double-acting cylinder with an electrically
actuated 5/2-way valve without using a relay based on the following circuit
diagram. Attach a picture of circuit made on the equipment.
List of devices
•1 x double-acting cylinder (Z2)
•1 x 5/2–way double-solenoid valve (Y4, Y5)
•2 x pushbutton switches (S1, S2)
•1 x control switch (S0)
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ANALYSIS
Describe the experiments that you have conducted with the basic principle of
every element involved in your own words. Include:
- The electric circuits schematic for each task (Hand-drawn)
- The pneumatic circuits schematic for each task (Hand-drawn)
CONCLUSION
Write the conclusion of the experiments and summarize the key points that you
have learned from this experiment.
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