1) Find the intersection points of the line with X axis and Y axis.
2) Write the equation of the straight line in the double intercept form.
For example : consider the line 3x + 2y = 6.
1) The intersection with X axis is given when y = 0, So A (2, 0) is the point of intersection with
the x axis, The intersection with Y axis is given when x = 0.
So B (0, 3) is the point of intersection with the y axis. We draw the line through A and B.
2) The equation of line is 3x + 2y = 6 Divide both sides by 6.
We get the double intercept form x
2 + 3y =
1
∴ Intercepts on X axis and Y axis are 2 and 3 respectively.
The points (2, 0), (0, 3) lie on the line.
Ex. 4 : Find the graphical solution of 3x + 4y ≤ 12, and x - 4y ≤ 4
Solution : To find the graphical solution of : 3x + 4y ≤ 12 and x - 4y ≤ 4
Draw the lines : L1 : 3x + 4y = 12 and L2 : x - 4y = 4.
Equation of line x y Line passes through (x, y) Sign Region
4 0 (4, 0)
3x + 4y = 12 ≤ Origin side
0 3 (0, 3)
4 0 (4, 0)
x - 4y = 4 < Origin side
0 -1 (0, -1)
The common shaded region is graphical solution.
Y
5
4
3 3x+4y=12
2
1
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5X
-1 x-4y=4
-2
Exercise 7.1
1) Solve graphically :
i) x ≥ 0 ii) x ≤ 0 iii) y ≥ 0 iv) y ≤ 0
2) Solve graphically :
i) x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 ii) x ≤ 0 and y ≥ 0 iii) x ≤ 0 and y ≤ 0 iv) x ≥ 0 and y ≤ 0
3) Solve graphically :
i) 2x - 3 ≥ 0 ii) 2y - 5 ≥ 0 iii) 3x + 4 ≤ 0 iv) 5y + 3 ≤ 0
4) Solve graphically :
i) x + 2y ≤ 6 ii) 2x - 5y ≥ 10 iii) 3x + 2y ≥ 0 iv) 5x - 3y ≤ 0
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5) Solve graphically :
i) 2x + y ≥ 2 and x - y ≤ 1 ii) x - y ≤ 2 and x + 2y ≤ 8
iii) x + y ≥ 6 and x + 2y ≤ 10 iv) 2x + 3y ≤ 6 and x + 4y ≥ 4
v) 2x + y ≥ 5 and x - y ≤ 1
Solved Examples
Ex. 1 : Find the graphical solution of the system of inequations.
2 x +=
y 10, 2 x −=
y 2, =
x ≥ 0, =
y≥ 0
Solution : To find the solution of the system of given inequations -
Draw lines x y Line passes through (x, y) Sign Region
L1 0 10 (0, 10) Origin side of
≤
2x + y = 10 5 0 (5, 0) L1
L2 0 -2 (0, -2) Origin side of
≥
2x - y = 2 1 0 (1, 0) L2
The common shaded region OABCO is the graphical solution. This graphical solution is known
as feasible solution.
Y
12
10 C
2x+y=10
8
6
4 B
2
A
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5X
-2 2x-y=2
-4
Remark : The restrictions x > 0, y > 0, are called non-negativity constraints.
Definition : A solution which satisfies all the constraints is called a feasible solution.
Ex. 2 : Find the feasible solution of the system of inequations 3x + 4y ≥ 12, 2x + 5y ≥ 10, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
To draw Line passes through
Draw line x y Sign Region
(Inequations) (x, y)
L1 0 3 (0, 3) Non-origin side
3x + 4y ≥ 12 ≥
3x + 4y = 12 4 0 (4, 0) of Line L1
L2 0 2 (0, 2) Non-origin side
2x + 5y ≥ 10 ≥
2x + 5y = 10 5 0 (5, 0) of Line L2
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Y
Solution : 4
3 3x+4y=12
Common shaded region is the feasible solution. 2
2x+5y=10
Ex. 3 : 1
A manufacturer produces two items A and B. Both are processed -1 0 1 2 3 4 5X
-1
on two machines I and II. A needs 2 hours on machine I and 2 hours on
machine II. B needs 3 hours on machine I and 1 hour on machine II. If
machine I can run maximum 12 hours per day and II for 8 hours per day,
construct a problem in the form of inequations and find its feasible solution
graphically.
Solution : Y
8
Let x units of product A and y units of product B be produced.
7
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0. 6 2x+y=8
Tabular form is: 5
4C
Machine Product A (x) Product B (y) Availability
3
I 2 3 12 2 B
2x+3y=12
II 2 1 08 1
A
Inequations are 2x + 3y ≤ 12, 2x + y ≤ 8, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0. -1 0
-1
1 2 3 4 5 6X
To draw graphs of the above inequations :
Line passes through
To draw Draw line x y Sign Region lie on
(x, y)
L1 0 4 (0, 4) Origin side of
2x + 3y ≤ 12 ≤
2x + 3y = 12 6 0 (6, 0) Line L1
L2 0 8 (0, 8) Origin side of
2x + 4 ≤ 8 ≤
2x + 4 = 8 4 0 (4, 0) Line L2
The common shaded region OABCO the feasible region.
Exercise 7.2
I) Find the feasible solution of the following inequations graphically.
1) 3x + 2y ≤ 18, 2x + y ≤ 10, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
2) 2x + 3y ≤ 6, x + y ≥ 2, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
3) 3x + 4y ≥ 12, 4x + 7y ≤ 28, y ≥ 1, x ≥ 0
4) x + 4y ≤ 24, 3x + y ≤ 21, x + y ≤ 9, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
5) 0 ≤ x ≤ 3, 0 ≤ y ≤ 3, x + y ≤ 5, 2x + y ≥ 4
6) x - 2y ≤ 2, x + y ≥ 3, -2x + y ≤ 4, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
7) A company produces two types of articles A and B which requires silver and gold. Each
unit of A requires 3 gm of silver and 1 gm of gold, while each unit of B requires 2 gm of
silver and 2 gm of gold. The company has 6 gm of silver and 4 gm of gold. Construct the
inequations and find the feasible solution graphically.
8) A furniture dealer deals in tables and chairs. He has Rs.1,50,000 to invest and a space
to store at most 60 pieces. A table costs him Rs.1500 and a chair Rs.750. Construct the
inequations and find the feasible solution.
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