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This document contains a test for General Chemistry II at Binghamton University, consisting of multiple-choice questions covering various topics such as thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and chemical reactions. The test is designed to assess students' understanding of key concepts in chemistry, with specific instructions on how to complete the assessment. It includes questions on spontaneity, Gibbs free energy, standard reduction potentials, and entropy changes among others.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
28 views12 pages

Unknown 13

This document contains a test for General Chemistry II at Binghamton University, consisting of multiple-choice questions covering various topics such as thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and chemical reactions. The test is designed to assess students' understanding of key concepts in chemistry, with specific instructions on how to complete the assessment. It includes questions on spontaneity, Gibbs free energy, standard reduction potentials, and entropy changes among others.

Uploaded by

jskoclanis
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lOMoARcPSD|39788241

LA 5 - Test

General Chemistry II (Binghamton University)

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lOMoARcPSD|39788241

State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Chemistry


Chemistry 105, General Chemistry II, Learning Assessment 5, May 5, 2022 Version A Bubble in
Version A on your Bubble Sheet. The Learning Assessment will be graded based on the
version written on the Bubble Sheet. Only non-graphing calculators are allowed on
this Learning Assessment. You have 60 minutes to complete this Learning Assessment. DO
NOT SEPARATE THE Learning Assessment. Answer ALL questions. Fill in the appropriate
selection on your Bubble Sheet form, all answers to the multiple choices must be on the
answer sheet to be graded.

1. Which process is nonspontaneous?


a. Iron in the open air rusts.

b. Liquid water in a freezer turns to ice.

c. A spark ignites a mixture of propane and air.

d. Perfume diffuses in a room.

e. Heat flows from a cold body to a hot body.

2. For a particular hypothetical reaction, 2A + B ⇌ C, the value of ΔG° is 250 kJ/mol.


What is the value of ΔG for this reaction at 298 K when [A] = 0.60 M, [B] = 0.10 M, and [C]
= 4.0 × 10-3M?

a. 248 kJ/mol

b. 245 kJ/mol

c. 2775 kJ/mol

d. 250 kJ/mol

e. 255 kJ/mol

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3. Which statement about a voltaic cell is correct?


a. The standard reduction potential is a measure of the propensity for an oxidation
half-reaction to occur when concentrations are 1 M, the pressure is 1 atm, and the
temperature is 298 K.

b. A reduction half-reaction with a standard reduction potential, E°red, when reversed,


becomes an oxidation half-reaction with E°ox = -E°red .

c. The standard cell potential, E°cell, is a measure of the electromotive force (emf)
generated by the cell reactions at 273 K when concentrations are 1 M and the
pressure is 1 atm.

d. The emf of a cell is a measure of the force with which the cell pumps electrons from
the cathode to the anode.

e. The cell voltage measured with a voltmeter is always the standard cell potential.

4. Which cell diagram is correct for the following electrochemical cell?

a. Al(s)|Al3+ (aq) (0.50 M)||Ni(s)| Ni2+ (aq) (0.30 M)

b. Ni(s)|Al3+ (aq) (0.50 M)|Ni2+ (aq) (0.30 M)|Al(s)

c. Al(s)|Al3+ (aq) (0.50 M)||Ni2+ (aq) (0.30 M)|Ni(s)

d. Ni2+ (aq) (0.30 M)|Ni(s)||Al3+ (aq) (0.50 M)|Al(s)

e. Ni(s)|Ni2+ (aq) (0.30 M)||Al(s)|Al3+ (aq) (0.50 M)

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lOMoARcPSD|39788241

5. The enthalpy of fusion for carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is 2.67 kJ/mol, and its melting point
is 250 K. What is the entropy change when 2.0 mol of carbon tetrachloride melts at 250 K?
a. 21.4 J/K

b. 10.7 J/K

c. -668 J/K

d. 0.0214 J/K

e. 0.0107 J/K

6. Which of the following will have the greatest standard molar entropy (S°)?
a. NH3(g)

b. He(g)

c. C(s, graphite)

d. H2O(l )

e. CaCO3(s)

7. This diagram represents a voltaic cell. What is the balanced electrochemical reaction
represented by this cell?
Al(s)|Al3+ (1.0 M)||Cu2+ (1.0 M)|Cu(s)

a. Al(s) + Cu2+(aq) → Al3+(aq) + Cu(s)

b. 2H2O(l) + 3Al3+(aq) + 2Cu(s) → 2Al(s) + 3Cu3+(aq) + 4H+(aq) + O2(g)

c. 2Al(s) + 3Cu2+(aq) → 2Al3+(aq) + 3Cu(s)

d. Al3+(aq) + Cu(s) → Al(s) + Cu2+(aq)

e. 2Al3+(aq) + 3Cu(s) → 2Al(s) + 3Cu2+(aq)

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lOMoARcPSD|39788241

8. Use this table of standard reduction potentials to identify the metal or metal ion that is
the strongest oxidizing agent.
Standard Reduction Potentials (volts) in Aqueous Solution
Pb4+ + 2e- → Pb2+ +1.80
Au3+ + 3e- → Au +1.50
Fe3+ + 3e- → Fe +0.771
I2 + 2e- → 2I- +0.535
Pb2+ + 2e- → Pb -0.124
Al3+ + 3e- → Al -1.66
Mg2+ + 2e- → Mg -2.37
K+ + e- → K -2.93

a. Pb4+

b. Pb2+

c. K+

d. K

e. Al

9. Hydrogen reacts with nitrogen to form ammonia (NH3) according to the reaction
N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)

The value of ΔH° is -92.38 kJ/mol, and the value of ΔS° is -198.2 J/(mol · K). Determine ΔG°
for this reaction at 25°C.

a. +5.897 × 104 kJ/mol

b. +297.8 kJ/mol

c. -33.32 kJ/mol

d. -16.66 kJ/mol

e. +49.5 kJ/mol

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10. Zinc–air batteries are actively being researched because one reactant (oxygen) is provided
in infinite supply for free. The standard cell potential for this battery is 1.65 V. Calculate
the cell potential when the partial pressure of oxygen in the cell is 0.190 atm and the
temperature is 25.0°C. The reaction in the cell converts Zn(s) and O2(g) into ZnO(s).

2Zn(s) + O2(g) → 2ZnO(s)

a. 1.61 V

b. 1.62 V

c. 1.64 V

d. 1.66 V

e. 1.69 V

11. What is the ΔG°rxn for the reaction given?


6 NO(g) + 4 NH3(g) → 5 N2(g) + 6 H2O(g)

Substance ΔG°f(kJ/mol)
NO(g) +86.6
NH3(g) -16.5
H2O(g) -228.57

a. -298.7 kJ/mol

b. -1957.0 kJ/mol

c. -1825.0 kJ/mol

d. -2223.2 kJ/mol

e. -2957.0 kJ/mol

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lOMoARcPSD|39788241

12. When a solution of DNA in water is heated, the double helix separates into two single
strands. This process is called melting. What can be deduced from this information about
the signs of the enthalpy and entropy changes for DNA melting?
a. ΔH > 0 and ΔS > 0

b. ΔH > 0 and ΔS < 0

c. ΔH < 0 and ΔS > 0

d. ΔH < 0 and ΔS < 0

e. This information is not sufficient to determine the signs of ΔH and ΔS.

13. What is the oxidation number of chromium in the ionic compound ammonium
dichromate, (NH4)2Cr2O7?
a. +3

b. +4

c. +5

d. +6

e. +7

14. Calcium sulfate is a desiccant, used for the storage of samples and equipment in a dry
atmosphere because it absorbs water from the air. The relevant thermodynamic reaction
equation is given. At what temperature will this reaction reverse to release the water and
regenerate the dry desiccant?

CaSO4(s) + 2H4O(g) → CaSO4·2H2O(s)

ΔH° = -104.9 kJ/mol, ΔS° = -291.2 J/(mol K)

a. 58°C

b. 78°C

c. 98°C

d. 68°C

e. 87°C

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15. If ΔG° for a reaction is +13.4 kJ/mol, what is K for the reaction at 2°C?
a. 3.51 × 102

b. 2.85 × 10-3

c. 1.00

d. 2.23

e. 4.47 × 10-1

16. Consider the following chemical reaction used to construct a voltaic cell.

MnO2(s) + 4HCl(g) → MnCl2(s) + Cl2(g) + H2O(g)

Given this information, which statement is correct?

a. MnCl2 is produced at the anode.

b. Cl- ions are reduced at the cathode.

c. MnO2 is the reducing agent.

d. Three moles of electrons are transferred in this reaction.

e. Electrons travel from Cl- to Mn4+.

17. In a spontaneous process, which of the following always increases?


a. the entropy of the system

b. the entropy of the surroundings

c. the entropy of the universe

d. the entropy of the system and the universe

e. the entropy of the system, the surroundings, and the universe

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lOMoARcPSD|39788241

18. Electrochemical cell potentials can be used to determine equilibrium constants that would
be otherwise difficult to determine because the concentrations are small. Calculate the
value of Ksp at 298 K for CdS from the following data.
CdS(s) + 2e- → Cd(s) + S2-(aq) E°=-1.21 V
Cd2+(aq) + 2e- → Cd(s) E°=-0.40 V

a. 3.0 × 10-55

b. 4.4 × 10-28

c. 2.1 × 10-14

d. 3.5 × 1027

e. 1.0 × 10-36

19. The symbol ΔG°f,NH4NO3(s) refers to which of the following reactions?


a. NH4NH3(g) → NH4NO3(s)

b. 3NO2(g) + NH3(g) + 5/2 H2(g) → 2NH4NO3(s)

c. N2(g) + 2H2(g) + 3/2 O2(g) → NH4NO3(s)

d. N2(g) + H2(g) + O2(g) → NH4NO3(s)

e. N2H2(l) + 1/5 O2(g) → NH4NO3(s)

20. The standard molar entropy of lead(II) bromide (PbBr2) is 161 J/(mol · K). What is the
entropy of 2.45 g of PbBr2 (MW = 367 g/mol)?
a. +1.07 J/K

b. -1.07 J/K

c. +161 J/K

d. -161 J/K

e. 0 J/K

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lOMoARcPSD|39788241

21. These figures represent distributions of two types of gas molecules between two
containers connected by an open tube. In which figure is the entropy of the system
maximized?
a. d.

b. e.

c.

22. Based on the information in the table of standard reduction potentials, what is the
standard cell potential for an electrochemical cell that has chromium, Cr, and cadmium,
Cd, electrodes? Also, identify the anode.
Standard Reduction Potentials (volts) in Aqueous Solution
Ce4+ + e- → Ce3+ +1.70
Cu+ + e- → Cu +0.520
Fe3+ + 3e- → Fe -0.036
Cd2+ + 2e- → Cd -0.400
Cr3+ + 3e- → Cr -0.73
Al3+ + 3e- → Al -1.66

a. +0.33 V with Cr as the anode

b. -0.33 V with Cr as the anode

c. -0.26 V with Cd as the anode

d. -0.33 V with Cd as the anode

e. +0.33 V with Cd as the anode

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23. The ΔS°rxn = -11.3 J/K for Cu2S(s) + O2(g) → 2Cu(s) + SO2(g). Given the following
information, what is the standard molar entropy for Cu(s)?
Substance S° (J/mol · K)
Cu2S(s) 120.9
O2(g) 205.0
SO2(g) 248.2

a. 66.4 J/mol · K

b. 0 J/mol · K

c. 33.2 J/mol · K

d. -171.8 J/mol · K

e. 118.4 J/mol · K

24. If the free-energy change of this voltaic cell,

Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + H2(g)

is -147.2 kJ, what is the standard potential of the cell?

a. +0.763 V

b. -0.763 V

c. +1.53 V

d. -1.53 V

e. +2.12 V

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25. Which reaction most certainly results in a negative ΔSsys?


a. H2O(g) ⇌ H2O(s)

b. CaCO3(s) ⇌ CaO(s) + CO2(g)

c. CuSO4·5H2O(s) ⇌ CuSO4(s) + 5H2O(g)

d. 14O4(g) + 3NH4NO4(s) + C10H22(l) → 3N2(g) + 17H2O(g) + 10CO2(g)

e. CO2(aq) ⇌ CO2(g)

BONUS

26. For the following reaction, predict the pH if the pressure of O2 is 3.00 M and the bromide
ion concentration is 2.10 M. The measured cell potential (Ecell) is 0.100 V at 298 K.

O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4Br-(aq) → 2H2O(l) + 2Br2(l)

Half reactions:

2Br2(l) + 4e- → 4Br-(aq) E° = +1.077 V


O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e- → 2H2O(l) E° = +1.229 V

a. 4.31

b. 3.17

c. 2.59

d. 1.32

e. 0.66

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