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Passive Voice Lecture

The document explains the concept of voice in grammar, distinguishing between Active and Passive Voice. It provides structures for converting sentences from Active to Passive across various tenses, along with examples and common errors. Additionally, it outlines the use of 'by' in Passive Voice and offers practice sentences for conversion.

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10 views4 pages

Passive Voice Lecture

The document explains the concept of voice in grammar, distinguishing between Active and Passive Voice. It provides structures for converting sentences from Active to Passive across various tenses, along with examples and common errors. Additionally, it outlines the use of 'by' in Passive Voice and offers practice sentences for conversion.

Uploaded by

fk1838886
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Complete Lecture on Passive Voice

What is Voice?

Voice shows whether the subject of a sentence performs the action (Active Voice) or receives the

action (Passive Voice).

1. Active Voice:

- Subject does the action.

- Structure: Subject + Verb + Object

- Example: Ali writes a letter.

2. Passive Voice:

- Subject receives the action.

- Structure: Object + form of "be" + Past Participle + (by + agent)

- Example: A letter is written by Ali.

Why use Passive Voice?

- When the doer is unknown: My wallet was stolen.

- When the doer is less important: The road is repaired.

- To focus on the object: The match was won by Pakistan.

Rules for Changing Active to Passive:

1. Object of active sentence becomes subject in passive.

2. Use correct form of "be" based on the tense.

3. Use past participle of main verb.

4. Add "by" + agent (optional).


Tense-wise Passive Voice Structures:

Present Simple:

Active: She writes a letter.

Passive: A letter is written.

Past Simple:

Active: He ate an apple.

Passive: An apple was eaten.

Future Simple:

Active: They will make tea.

Passive: Tea will be made.

Present Continuous:

Active: He is watching TV.

Passive: TV is being watched.

Past Continuous:

Active: They were playing cricket.

Passive: Cricket was being played.

Present Perfect:

Active: I have written a letter.

Passive: A letter has been written.


Past Perfect:

Active: She had cooked food.

Passive: Food had been cooked.

Future Perfect:

Active: He will have completed the work.

Passive: The work will have been completed.

Tenses Without Passive Form:

- Present Perfect Continuous

- Past Perfect Continuous

- Future Continuous

- Future Perfect Continuous

Use of "By" in Passive Voice:

- Used to mention the doer: The cake was baked by Sara.

- If doer is unknown/unimportant: The door was locked.

Common Passive Voice Errors:

1. Wrong tense of "be":

Incorrect: A letter is wrote.

Correct: A letter is written.

2. Using present form instead of V3:

Incorrect: Food is cook by her.

Correct: Food is cooked by her.


Practice Sentences (Change to Passive Voice):

1. He drinks water. -> Water is drunk by him.

2. They were watching a movie. -> A movie was being watched by them.

3. She has cleaned the room. -> The room has been cleaned by her.

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