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This section on the history of India covers the history of ancient, medieval and
modern India, including famous historical personalities and important events.
Cultural India : History of India
History of India
India is a land of ancient civilization. India's social, economic, and cultural
configurations are the products of a long process of regional expansion. Indian
history begins with the birth of the Indus Valley Civilization and the coming of
the Aryans. These two phases are usually described as the pre-Vedic and Vedic age.
Hinduism arose in the Vedic period.
The fifth century saw the unification of India under Ashoka, who had converted to
Buddhism, and it is in his reign that Buddhism spread in many parts of Asia. In the
eighth century Islam came to India for the first time and by the eleventh century
had firmly established itself in India as a political force. It resulted into the
formation of the Delhi Sultanate, which was finally succeeded by the Mughal Empire,
under which India once again achieved a large measure of political unity.
It was in the 17th century that the Europeans came to India. This coincided with
the disintegration of the Mughal Empire, paving the way for regional states. In the
contest for supremacy, the English emerged 'victors'. The Rebellion of 1857-58,
which sought to restore Indian supremacy, was crushed; and with the subsequent
crowning of Victoria as Empress of India, the incorporation of India into the
empire was complete. It was followed by India's struggle for independence, which we
got in the year 1947.
India Timeline
Indian timeline takes us on a journey of the history of the subcontinent. Right
from the ancient India, which included Bangladesh and Pakistan, to the free and
divided India, this time line covers each and every aspect related to the past as
well as present of the country. Read on further to explore the timeline of India.
Economic History of India
Indus valley civilization, which flourished between 2800 BC and 1800 BC, had an
advanced and flourishing economic system. The Indus valley people practiced
agriculture, domesticated animals, made tools and weapons from copper, bronze and
tin and even traded with some Middle East countries.
Medieval Indian History
After the death of Harsha the Rajputs came into prominence on the political
horizons of North India. The Rajputs were known for their bravery and chivalry but
family feuds and strong notions of personal pride often resulted into conflicts.
The Rajputs weakened each other by constant wrangling.
Akbar
Emperor Akbar, also known as Akbar the Great or Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar, was the
third emperor of the Mughal Empire, after Babur and Humayun. He was the son of
Nasiruddin Humayun and succeeded him as the emperor in the year 1556, when he was
only 13 years old.
Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan, also known as Shahbuddin Mohammed Shah Jahan, was a Mughal Emperor who
ruled in the Indian Subcontinent from 1628 to 1658. He was the fifth Mughal ruler,
after Babur, Humayun, Akbar and Jahangir. Shah Jahan succeeded the throne after
revolting against his father, Jahangir.
Chhatrapati Shivaji
Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was the founder of the Maratha Empire in western India.
He is considered to be one of the greatest warriors of his time and even today,
stories of his exploits are narrated as a part of the folklore. King Shivaji used
the guerrilla tactics to capture a part of, the then, dominant Mughal empire.
Ancient India
The History of India begins with the Indus Valley Civilization and the coming of
the Aryans. These two phases are generally described as the pre-Vedic and Vedic
periods. The earliest literary source that sheds light on India's past is the Rig
Veda. It is difficult to date this work with any accuracy on the basis of tradition
and ambiguous astronomical information contained in the hymns.
Modern Indian History
During the late 16th and the 17th Centuries, the European trading companies in
India competed with each other ferociously. By the last quarter of the 18th Century
the English had outdone all others and established themselves as the dominant power
in India. The British administered India for a period of about two centuries and
brought about revolutionary changes in the social, political and the economic life
of the country.
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