Sheet [2]

Bit Logic Examples

o Description: Use a Start (NO) and Stop (NC) push button to control a motor.

2. Start a 3-Phase Motor from Multiple Locations (2 Locations)

o Description: Design a circuit to start a motor using start buttons at two different
locations.

3. Stop a 3-Phase Motor from Multiple Locations (2 Locations)

o Description: Design a circuit to stop a motor using stop buttons at two different
locations.

4. Forward-Reverse Motor Control (No Time Delay)

o Description: Control a motor to run in forward and reverse directions without time
delays.

5. Start-Stop Motor with Lamp Indicator

o Description: When the motor’s stop button is pressed, a lamp turns ON and
remains ON until the reset button is pressed.

6. Start-Stop Motor with Single Pushbutton

o Description: Use a single push button to toggle the motor ON/OFF.

Timer Examples
1. Delayed Motor Start

o Description: Start the motor after 3 sec of pressing the start button.

2. Delayed Motor Stop

o Description: Stop the motor after 3 sec of pressing the Stop button.
3. Motor and Lubrication Pump Control

o Description: A system consists of motor and lubrication pump, when start button
pressed the motor & pump goes on when stop button pressed the motor goes off
and after 4 sec pump goes off.

4. Boiler Control

o Description: Open a gas valve and spark on start. The spark turns OFF after 4
seconds, but the valve remains open until the stop button is pressed.

5. Forward-Reverse Motor with Time Delay

o Description: Add a time delay after switching motor directions.

6. Pulse Generator

o Description: Generate an output signal (e.g., lamp) that cycles ON for 4 sec and
OFF for 2 sec automatically or via a pushbutton.
General Control Examples
1. Filling and Draining Tank

o Description:

 Press PB1 to open MV1 (fill tank) and start a stirring motor.

 When the tank reaches TLB1, close MV1, stop the motor, open MV2
(drain).

 When level drops below TLB2, close MV2 and flash an indicator lamp (2
sec ON, 1 sec OFF) until PB3 is pressed.

2. Traffic Light Control

o Description: Each lamp (green, yellow, red) turns ON for 4 seconds in sequence.
3. Two-Tank Filling System

o Description: A pump fills the first tank. When full, switch to filling the second
tank. When the second tank is full, turn on a sign lamp.

4. The Game Buzzer

o Description: Three players press buttons to answer. The first press triggers a 4-
second buzzer and lights their indicator. Reset via host.
5. First-in Priority Circuit (Quiz Game)

o Description: Design a control system for a quiz game with 3 groups:

 Pupils (Y0): Press either button X0 or X1 to activate.

 High School Students (Y1): Press button X2 to activate.

 Reset (X5): Turns off all outputs (Y0, Y1, Y2).

6. Oil Pump Motor Sequence

o Description: Start the oil pump immediately on START. Delay main motor by 10
sec and auxiliary motor by 5 sec (after main). Stop all on STOP.
7. Boiler

o Description: To turn on a boiler we need to open the gas valve, and the spark must
go off after 4 sec. But the gas valve must be on (open) until we press the stop
button.

8. Automatic Coffee Maker

o Description: when a coin is inserted, the paper cup comes out of the outlet. At the
same time, the coffee pours in the mixing container for 2 sec then the coffee goes
off and the cup outlet goes off. Then the hot water pours in mixing container until
the liquid reaches a certain amount of pressure detect by using the pressure sensor
(x1). then the agitator operates for 60 sec, the ready-made coffee will be pouring
out from the outlet.

9. Spray Machine Control

o Description: Start conveyor (M2) when workpiece is detected (S1). Spray for 30
sec when S2 triggers. Return to S1 via M1.
10. Electric Stair Control

o Description: Photoelectric sensor detects people. Stair motor runs for 20 sec after
detection. Extend time if another person is detected.

11. Charge/Discharge Reservoir

o Description: Ultrasonic sensor opens door. Close after 20 sec. Use limit switches
for door position.

13. Fire Alarm (F.A.C.P)

o Description:

 1 smoke detector → Red light.

 2 smoke detectors OR heat detectors OR 30-sec smoke → Siren.

 All smoke detectors OR heat + smoke OR 30-sec siren → Open water

o Description:

When start is pressed, the conveyor belt 1, which carries the boxes, begins to move. The belt runs
until a capacitive sensor gives a signal that indicates that an empty box has come up to the
packing station, then conveyor belt 2 starts. Belt 2 transports the apples that are to be packed in
boxes. A photocell detects each individual apple on the belt. When 10 apples have passed the
photocell and thus fallen into the box, belt 2 stops and belt 1 starts again. This will be repeated
until the stop button is activated. Then the facility will finish the ongoing packing operation and
then shut down.

If more than 5 seconds elapsed between each apple when belt 2 is active, or more than 10
seconds elapsed before the box arrives at the packing station when belt 1 is running, the operator
will be warned, and an alarm light will light. The belt will not stop. The alarm resets
automatically if a box or an apple passes the appropriate sensor. It can also be reset with the
button.
If the alarm is active, the facility will shut down immediately if stop is pressed.