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Absolute Beginner S1
The Present Continuous in Hindi

25 Hindi
Romanization
English
Vocabulary
2
2
2
2
Phrase Usage 3
Grammar Points 3
Cultural Insight 6
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Hindi
काजोल तुम क्या कर रही हो?
रानी मैं बोल रही हूँ।
काजोल तुम अंग्रेजी में नहीं बोल रही हो। गुरुजी सुन रहे हैँ!
रानी ओह, मुझे पता नहीं था।

Romanization
Kaajol Tum kyaa kar rahee ho?
Raanee Main bol rahee hoon.
Kaajol Tum angrejee mein naheen bol rahee ho. Gurujee
sun rahe hain!
Ranee Oh, mujhe pataa naheen thaa.

English
Kajol What are you doing?
Rani I am speaking.
Kajol You're not speaking in English. Teacher is listening!
Rani Oh, I didn't know.

2
Vocabulary
Hindi

Vocabulary Sample Sentences

तुम सो रहे थे। You were sleeping.
आप क्या खा रहे हैं? What are you eating?
आपका नाम क्या है? What is your name?
वह घर के सब काम कर रही है। She is doing all the house work.
वह क्या कर रही है? What is she doing?
मानसी फोन पे बोल रही है। Mansi is talking on the phone.
अंग्रेजी आसान है। English is easy.
गुरूजी क्या कह रहे हैं? What is the teacher saying?

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हम रेडियो सुन रहे हैं। We are listening to the radio.

ओह, मैंने तुम्हें नहीं पहचाना! Oh, I didn't recognize you.
मुझे कुछ खाना है। I need to eat something.
यह तुम्हारा नहीं है। This is not yours.

Vocabulary Phrase Usage

क्या (kyaa) means "what". But often times when it is used in the beginning of
a sentence, it no longer means "what" but just becomes a way to ask a
question.

Example: क्या तुम खा रही हो? (Kyaa tum khaa rahee ho) "Are you eating?". Here,
although the literal translation is "What you eating?" it just means "Are you
eating?"

Whereas the same question with a slightly different order has a completely
different meaning.

तुम क्या खा रही हो? (Tum kyaa khaa rahee ho?) "What are you eating?".

It's literal translation is "You what eating?".

गुरुजी (gurujee) is a respectful way of addressing a teacher. गुरू (guru) on its
own means "teacher" and जी (jee) at the end indicates the honorofic form of
3 address. You can add जी (jee) after anybody's name.
मुझे (mujhe) means "to me". मुझको (mujhko) also means "to me" and both of
them can be used interchangeably. मुझ (mujh) means "me" and को (ko) is the
postposition "to". Together they become मुझको (mijhko) or मुझे (mujhe).

Grammar Points
The focus of this lesson is to be able to make sentences with the "ing" verb.
मैं बोल रही हूँ।
Main bol rahee hoon.
"I am speaking."

Let's learn how to form sentences using the present continuos tense, which
means, using verbs in the "ing" form that show an ongoing action.
Let's take one example- "I am singing."

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"मैं गा रही हूँ।" (Main gaa rahee hoon) -said by a female.

Here, मैं (main) is "I"
गा (gaa) comes from the verb गाना (gaanaa) which means "to sing"
रही (rahee) is the "ing" part of the verb
हूँ (hoon) is "am"

So, here the main verb गा (gaa) is part of the verb गाना (gaanaa) "to sing"
without the ना (naa) at the end. All Hindi verbs always end with a "na" and
so this part of the verb in the sentence is always formed by removing the ना
(naa).Then you add the "ing" part रही (rahee) which in this case denotes a
female speaker.

Let's take another verb जाना (to go). The verb we need for the sentence is जा
(jaa). So if you are a female speaker and wanted to say "I am going home.",
you'd say,
मैं घर जा रही हूँ। (Main ghar jaa rahee hoon).

Gender
The "ing" part of the present continuous changes according to the gender
and the count of the subject.

1. 1. रहा (rahaa) for singular masculine subjects, i.e. if the speaker is

a male or if the sentence is about a single male.
4
2. रहे (rahe) for plural masculine subjects, i.e. if the speakers are a group
of males or if the sentence is about a group of males.

3. रही (rahee) for singular and plural feminine subjects, i.e. if the speaker
is a female or a group of females and if the sentence is about a single
female or a group of females.

Examples:

1. 1. वह क्या बोल रहा है?

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Voh kyaa bol rahaa hai?

"What is he saying?"

1. 2. वह क्या बोल रही है?

Voh kyaa bol rahee hai?

"What is she saying?"

1. 3. ये क्या बोल रहे हैं?

Ye kyaa bol rahe hain?

"What are they saying?"

Here, बोल (bol) comes from the verb बोलना (bolnaa) which means "to
say/speak/talk".

Examples from this lesson Tum kyaa kar rahee ho?

Main bol rahee hoon.
Tum angrejee men naheen bol rahee ho.
Gurujee sun rahe hain.
5 Examples from this dialog:

1. 1. तुम अंग्रेजी में नहीं बोल रही हो।

Tum angrejee men naheen bol rahee ho.

"You're not speaking in English."

1. 2. गुरुजी सुन रहे हैँ।

Gurujee sun rahe hain.

"Teacher is listening."

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Sample Sentences:

1. 1. सीता नाच रही है।

Seetaa naach rahee hai.

"Sita is dancing."

1. 2. मैं चिट्ठी लिख रहा हूँ।

Main chitthee likh rahaa hoon.

"I am writing a letter."-- said by a male

Language Tip/Language Expansion/Pronunciation Tip (use this section for

anything else)
In this lesson, we covered the present continuous tense. The past continuous
is also pretty simple. Everything remains the same except for the auxillary
verbs है (hai)"is" and हैं (hain)"are" that change into था (thaa), थी (thee) "was"
and थे (the), थीं (theen) "were."
For example:

6 1. 1. वह सोच रहा है।

Voh soch rahaa hai.

"He is thinking."
2. वह सोच रहा था।
Voh soch rahaa thaa.
"He was thinking."

Cultural Insight
Did you know that a lot of Indians, especially students, can speak English
fluently? They might have an accent, but they are all familiar with English.

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That's because a lot of schools teach English. They are drilled from Grade
1 or even before. Teaching English does not only mean having an English
class once a day but actually teaching every subject in English and then
having a few classes on Hindi. This is not limited to international schools in
India but most of the schools in cities are structured in this way.

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