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2.1 General Requirements: 2.1.1. Electric Supply

The document outlines the electrical supply requirements for Online Buildings in the UAE, detailing the medium voltage distribution from substations to transformers and the low voltage supply for building consumption. It specifies the coordination with local power supply companies, safety measures against electrical shocks, and design considerations for seismic conditions. Additionally, it includes information on supply scenarios, emergency power provisions, and the installation of photovoltaic systems and UPS for critical loads.

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43 views45 pages

2.1 General Requirements: 2.1.1. Electric Supply

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2

2.1 General Requirements

The power supply to the Online Buildings shall come f rom the medium voltage distribution center (Infeed
Substation) located at each station, where the urban power supply (Power Utilities Stakeholders) is
connected.
The internal distribution f rom the Infeed Substation to the Transformer Centres shall be 11kV MT.
From the Transformer Centres the 11kV MT line shall be transformed to the low voltage supply 400/230V to
supply the own consumption of the Online Buildings.
The power supply needs of the online buildings shall be coordinated with the corresponding urban power
supply companies. On-line buildings will have electric meters to monitor consumption and report any
deviations f rom normal consumption.
The electrical installation of the Online Buildings shall provide protection against electric shocks for the
occupants and for
the installations.
Since UAE is considered as a seismic area, special supporting for cable trays and f ittings shall be considered
in the design. All internal wiring for any building shall follow Internal wiring regulation as per power utilities
standard and specification .

2.1.1. Electric Supply

The nominal electric supply voltage is 230 / 400V ± 10%, 50 HZ, 3-phase, 4-wire with separate neutral
and protective conductor (generally metallic armour of the service cable). The neutral is solidly earthed at
Tranformer Centre of the Online Building
All equipment, apparatus, materials and accessories used in the electrical installations shall be designed and
rated for operation on this electric supply. Appropriate protective devices against over voltages, fluctuations,
transients & harmonics , loss of one or more phases and any unforeseen interruptions shall be provided in all
consumer installations as deemed essential, in addition to overload, short- circuit and earth leakage
protective devices.
The consumer main earthing connection shall be a TN-S system.

Figure 2-1 Typical TN-S earthing arrangement.

Auxiliary equipment, accessories using Low voltage supply to be suitable for working on 70% undervoltage.
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2.2 Design Considerations: Standards, Technical & Economical, Assumptions.
2.2.1. Connections
The Online buildings will be distributed in 4 different Emirates with 4 different

electricity companies: Abu Dhabi: ADDC

Dubai: DEWA

Sharjah:

SEWA Al Ain:

AADC

The proposed sites have a nearby electricity supply network.

The Medium Voltage (MV) distribution voltage level in the four Emirates is commonly 11 kilovolts (kV) for
larger industrial and commercial consumers.
Medium Voltage in the internal power distribution in auxiliary Buildings shall be ring topology ensuring the
power supply to all consumers after a failure. See drawings code number P2103-UAE-ERZ-DG-31018-31024.
General Drawing 11 kV line Scheme Base Case (Intercity).
The configuration of MV switchgears in each TC and the utilities electrical connections shall be with
Triangular Ring Main Unit. See drawings code number P2103-UAE-ERZ-DG-31018-31024. General Drawing 11
kV line Scheme Base Case (Intercity).
To ensure the safety of the transformers and the equipment, approval takes into account the
specification, including:

a) the rating;

b) the type of starters;

c) the maximum starting current;

d) the number of compressors/motors; and

e) its stages of operation.

The overload protective device/incomer circuit breaker in the LV panels/MDBs shall be set at the
corresponding design current.
A general demand factor of 85% has been applied for the auxiliary Buildings, based on previous experience for
this type of installation, where the power consumed even at peak demand is well below the installed power

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2.3 Electrical Design
2.3.1. Low Voltage
Power supply scenarios:
Normal Scenario:
LVPS shall consist of three voltage levels:
MV (e.g., 33 kV, 11 kV. ). Distribution voltage level.
LV 400 230 V. Consumers voltage level.
LV auxiliary distribution line (e.g., 750 V, 950 V ) for signalling detectors and other consumers
with low power demand.
From each MV connection shall depart 2 lines, one on each direction to supply the consumers located along the
railway.
Medium voltage distribution line topology shall be radial and bidirectional, ensuring the power supply to all
consumers after a failure, so the consumers can be supplied f rom two dif ferent Medium voltage
connections to the electrical net
The Low Voltage Power Supply system shall be designed using standardized components and proven
technology suitable for an HSR. Wherever possible these components shall be readily available throughout
the world.
Two LVPS networks are proposed one for RSYS and one for MEP. Low Voltage Power Supply system is
electrically independent and is in charge to supply the No-traction load system. The system has
independent connections to the electrical network to supply the consumers located in each emirate f rom the
corresponding stakeholder, it means the No- traction load systems located in Dubai Emirate shall me
supplied f rom a connection to DEWA and the No-traction load systems located in Abu Dhabi shall be
supplied f rom a connection to ADDC.
Emergency Scenario (crossover facilities buildings):
In case of total failure of M.V or when the voltage drops below 70% of its nominal value. An emergency
supply must be available through a standby generator to supply electricity to critical elements (f iref ighting
system, panic lighting, operat ing station system, support supply for the railway system, ) through a BT
transfer switch system that detects when the main
input has failed and starts the electric generator. When the electricity f rom the generator reaches normal
output, the supply is connected to the emergency panel. Automatic supply available in 15 seconds
maximum.
UPS: in the Emergency Scenario, UPS supply is used while the generator supply reaches the normal
voltage regime for the loads that cannot be disconnected (computers, racks, electronics system).
The power supply f rom the transformer centre or generator set shall be connected to the Main Distribution
Board (MDB) via an Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). The ATS shall automatically switch to the secondary
power source in case of failure of the main supply.

transformer. It is in the Low Voltage switch room at each building. Main Distribution Boards shall supply power to
Sub Main

be located inside electrical rooms and shall supply power to all f inal branch circuit panel boards and other
electrically operated equipment (elevators, etc).
Final Distribution Board (FDB) which supplies f inal circuits or f inal loads.
The architecture shall be as is shown:

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Figure 2-2 Power supply arrangement.
All the technical specifications of the electrical devices installed in the building can be found in the technical specificat
ions document: -UAE-EAM-FS-2000
2.3.1.1 Generators
The requirements for generators are defined on the document LOW VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION BASE CASE (INTERCITY) of document P2103-UAE-ERZ-FS-31001-AE .
2.3.1.2 Uninterruptible Power Supply
The requirements for UPS system are defined on the Uninterruptible Power System of LOW VOLTAGE POWER
SUPPLY TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION BASE CASE (INTERCITY) of document P2103-UAE-ERZ-FS-31001-AE .
2.3.1.3 Electric power calculation ratios
The ratios used for the calculation of loads of the dif ferent zones or elements are ref lected in the following
table :

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ZONES OR ELEMENTS rat (w/m2) rat (w/ud)

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TECHNICAL AREA 150
LIGHTING AREA&CIRCULATIONS 5
OFFICE 125
HVAC 100
Table 2-1. Electric power calculation ratios

Note:
The ratio for HVAC calculation may vary depending on the characteristics of the room or zone.
All ratios have been referenced f rom the IEC 60364 standard, with a higher rating coefficient based on the
engineers' experience in dif ferent projects. For example: To calculate the power according to IEC 60364 in an
office, a reference value of 39 w/m² is usually used. Experience has shown that this value is too low, so it
has been decided to use a value of 125 w/m², which is much closer to reality.
2.3.1.4 Photovoltaic
installation According to the
DEWADRRG:
1 Maximum Allowed Capacity

1,000 kW
2. Capacity Distribution

The allowed capacity is distributed based on the Total Connected Load (TCL) of the plot. Here is the table
showing how this distribution is applied:

Table 2-2. Total Connected Load (TCL)

3. Application of Limits

First 100 kW of TCL

Next 100 kW (100-200 kW)
Next 200 kW (200-400 kW)
Next 200 kW (400-600 kW)
Above 600 kW

Therefore a maximum photovoltaic installation of 100 kW is proposed to support the electricity supply of the
buildings. The installation will be located on the roofs of the buildings so as not to interfere with other
installations.

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2.3.1.5 Battery capacity
The capacity of the UPS battery is calculated according to the total power of the loads it supplies and this
being greater than or equal to twice the total load.
2.3.1.6 Power outlets
The number of power outlets shall be based on IEC 60364. All technical information can be found in the
technical specifications document: P2103-UAE-ERE-FS-39001.
The following details how the standard can be interpreted in terms of tap density per square meter, considering
the general guidelines of IEC 60364 and common practices based on typical applications:
1. Office spaces:
Offices: In these spaces, the demand for outlets is high due to the intensive use of equipment such as
computers, printers, and other electronic devices.
Recommendation: 1 outlet for every 4 to 6 m². In collaborative work areas or shared workstations, this
number may increase, especially if charging stations are used or multiple outlets are installed.
2. Areas for public use:
Meeting rooms, conference rooms or auditoriums: In these spaces, the number of sockets should be higher
due to the use of devices such as projectors, audio systems and charging of portable equipment.
Recommendation: 1 outlet per 6 to 10 m², although in areas where f requent connection of mobile
equipment (laptops, phones) is expected, charging stations with more outlets grouped in common
access points may be required.
Waiting areas (transport terminals, stations, etc.): These areas may include charging stations for mobile devices.
Recommendation: 1 outlet per 4 to 6 seats or 1 outlet per 10 m², depending on occupancy density.
3. Retail and display areas:
Shops and commercial areas: In shops and shops, the demand for electrical outlets is high due to the use
of cash registers, refrigeration equipment and lighting systems.
Recommendation: 1 socket per 3 to 5 m² in sales and display areas, with additional sockets in counter
and storage areas for specific equipment.
4. Technical or industrial areas:
Technical areas: In these spaces, the use of machinery or technical equipment demands a greater number
of sockets, often with dedicated circuits for high consumption equipment.
Recommendation: 1 outlet per 2 to 3 m², with additional outlets for specialised machinery.

5. Special areas (service areas, outdoors):

Outdoor and wet areas: In outdoor or wet areas (such as bathrooms and gardens), outlets with adequate
protection (IP44 or higher) should be installed.
Recommendation: 1 socket per 10 m² or more, depending on the intended use, with residual
current protection (RCD).
6. Complementary standards and additional factors:
Load of connected equipment: IEC 60364 states that, in addition to considering the surface area, it is
essential to take into account the type of electrical equipment to be connected and its power demand. This can
change the number of sockets required depending on the specific needs.
Electrical load sharing: It is also recommended to balance loads between phases if the system is three-phase,
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and to provide separate circuits for outlets feeding high-power equipment.

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Although IEC 60364 provides general recommendations, the exact number of sockets to be installed should
be tailored to the needs of the project, taking into account the density of users, the type of electrical
devices to be connected and any local regulations that may complement these requirements. It is also
important to consider electrical safety, such as overload protection and the installation of residual current
circuit breakers in sockets located in wet or outdoor areas.

2.3.1.7 BMS
In the online Buildings the MEP equipment is managed directly by the ICMS system and the alarm and control
signals are managed directly f rom the NOCC or BOCC, since they are a critical installation and in many cases
do not have a permanent presence of personnel that can attend the alarm signals of the equipment.

2.3.2. Online buildings Supply Connections

For the calculation of the power supplied, a safety margin of 15% has been established with respect to the
calculated power. On Phase 1 Base case Abu Dhabi - Dubai section, the following online buildings are
planned:
- Parallel substation (ps).
o An installation that helps boost the Overhead contact subsystem voltage and reduce the
running rail return current by means of the autotransformer feed configuration.
- Section substation (ss).
o This is an installation where the supplies f rom 2 adjacent TS are electrically separated
and where electrical energy can be supplied to an adjacent, but normally separated
electrical section during contingency power supply conditions. It also acts as a
Parallel Station.
- Traction substation (ts).
o They are electrical installation where power is received at high voltage and transformed to the
voltage and characteristics required at the catenary and negative feeders for the nominal
2x25 kV system.
- Crossover facilities (cf).
o These buildings are responsible for the maintenance of the signaling
interlocking system. The following table shows the number of each building along the
roadway:

Building Type Number

Section Substation 3
Parallel Substation 8
Crossover Facility 10
Traction Substation 4
Table 2-3. Number of Building Type

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2.3.2.1 Electric Supply. Parallel substation
The online buildings' LV supply will provide the necessary LV supply for the consumption of online buildings,
creating the necessary spaces itself for the location of the switchgear, transformers and other necessary low-
voltage equipment.
Parallel substation building includes rooms for:

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For those locations where connection to the Utilities Company is considered it will include an ELECTRICAL
UTILITIES ROOM
MV / LV Power: AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER CENTER with 2 MV / LV
transformers MV DISTRIBUTION ROOM
LV ENERGY SUPPLY ROOM
BATTERIES ROOM
TRACTION Power:
o POWER SUPPLY ROOM
o 1 AUTOTRANSFORMER
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM
STORAGE ROOM and
HVAC EQUIPMENT ROOM.

Room # Name Area (m2)

1 AUXILIARY SERVICES MV ROOM 20,87
2 MV/LV TRANSFORMER 1 8,32
3 MV/LV TRANSFORMER 2 8,32
4 MV DISTRIBUTION ROOM 31,96
5 LV ENERGY SUPPLY ROOM 23,83
6 BATTERIES ROOM 11,55
7 POWER SUPPLY ROOM 35,36
8 AUTOTRANSFORMER 32,21
9 STORAGE ROOM 14,1
10 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM 25,03
11 HVAC-EQUIPMENT ROOM 32,46
12 ELECTRICAL UTILITIES ROOM (*) 31,14
Table 2-4. PS building areas

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Figure 2-3 Supply for Parallel substation.

The expected powers are shown below:

Type of Facilities voltage Power Consumption (*) Type

122.33 KW
- Lighting 2.03 Kw
- Ventilation 10Kw
Parallel substation Online - Buildings Low voltage (400V) - Power 6.90 Kw 3-phases
- Control 1.6 Kw
- Hvac 80 Kw
- Water pump 4.2
Kw
- Spare 17.6 Kw

(*) Note: Details of power consumption estimation in calculations section.

Table 2-5 Supply for Parallel substation
2.3.2.2 Electric Supply. Section substation.
The online buildings' LV supply will provide the necessary LV supply for the consumption of online buildings,
creating thenecessary spaces itself for the location of the switchgear, transformers and other necessary low-
voltage equipment.
Section substation building includes
rooms for: ELECTRICAL UTILITIES
ROOM
MV / LV Power:
o AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER CENTER with 2 MV / LV transformers
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o MV DISTRIBUTION ROOM
o LV ENERGY SUPPLY ROOM and

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o BATTERIES ROOM
TRACCION Power
o POWER SUPPLY ROOM
o 2 AUTOTRANSFORMERS
TRACTION Power:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM and
HVAC EQUIPMENT ROOM.

Room # Name Area (m2)

ELECTRICAL UTILITIES ROOM 28,11
AUXILIARY SERVICES MV ROOM 28,41
MV/LV TRANSFORMER ROOM-1 11,62
MV/LV TRANSFORMER ROOM-2 11,13
MV DISTRIBUTION ROOM 37,64
LV ENERGY SUPPLY ROOM 32,69
BATTERIES ROOM 15,24
POWER SUPPLY ROOM 70,69
AUTOTRANSFORMER - 1 30,88
10 AUTOTRANSFORMER - 2 30,89
11 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM 21,87
12 HVAC - EQUIPMENT 46,43
Table 2-6. SS building areas

Figure 2-4. Supply for Section substation.

The expected powers are shown below:

Type of Facilities voltage Power Consumption (*) Type

Section substation Online -Buildings Low voltage (400V) 122.33 KW 3-phases

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Type of Facilities voltage Power Consumption (*) Type
- Lighting 2.03 Kw
- Ventilation 10Kw
- Power 6.90 Kw
- Control 1.6 Kw
- Hvac 80 Kw
- Water pump 4.2
Kw
- Spare 17.6 Kw

(*) Note: Details of power consumption estimation in calculations section.

Table 2-7 Supply for Section substation

2.3.2.3 Electric Supply. Traction substation.

The online buildings' LV supply will provide the necessary LV supply for the consumption of online buildings,
creating the necessary spaces itself for the location of the switchgear, transformers and other necessary low-
voltage equipment.
Traction substation building includes rooms for:
HV Power: GIS + GIS PROTECTION & CONTROL ROOM
MV / LV Power:
o AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER CENTER with 2 MV / LV transformers
o LV ENERGY SUPPLY ROOM and
o BATTERIES ROOM
TRACTION Power: POWER SUPPLY ROOM
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM
OPERATIONS ROOM: TS includes a CONTROL ROOM for remote traction control and associated toilet
although not permanent staff is considered
STORAGE ROOM
HVAC EQUIPMENT ROOM.

Room # Name Area (m2)

1 GIS ROOM 176,82
2 GIS PROTECTION & CONTROL ROOM 16,38
3 AUXILIARY SERVICES MV ROOM 21,3
4 MV/LV TRANSFORMER 1 9,8
5 MV/LV TRANSFORMER 2 9,8
6 LV ENERGY SUPPLY ROOM 31,45
7 BATTERIES ROOM 12,56
8 POWER SUPPLY ROOM 56,69
9 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM 25,87
10 CONTROL ROOM 25,57
11 TOILET 7,83
12 ENTRY 13,71
13 STORAGE ROOM 30,92
14 HVAC-EQUIPMENT ROOM for 50,6
Table 2-8 TS building areas

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Figure 2-5. Supply for Traction substation.

The expected powers are shown below:

Type of Facilities voltage Power Consumption (*) Type

130.08 Kw
- Lighting 2.51 Kw
- Ventilation 10Kw
Traction substation Online -Buildings Low voltage (400V) - Power 11.77 Kw 3-phases
- Control 1.6 Kw
- Hvac 80 Kw
- Water pump 4.2
Kw
- Spare 20 Kw

(*) Note: Details of power consumption estimation in calculations section.

Table 2-9 Supply for Traction substation
2.3.2.4 Electric Supply. Crossover facilities.
The online buildings' LV supply will provide the necessary LV supply for the consumption of online buildings,
creating the necessary spaces itself for the location of the switchgear, transformers and other necessary low-
voltage equipment.
Crossover facilities include rooms for Power supply as HS Power Supply technical buildings, as well as specific
rooms for signaling and for staff.

Crossover facilities building includes rooms for:

MV / LV Power:
o AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER CENTER with 2 MV / LV transformers
o LV ENERGY SUPPLY ROOM and
o BATTERIES ROOM
STORAGE ROOM
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM
SIGNALING ROOM
CF includes a CONTROL ROOM for signaling systems control and associated toilet although not
permanent staff is considered
HVAC EQUIPMENT ROOM.

Room # Name Area (m2)

1 AUXILIARY SERVICES MV ROOM 23,62
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2 MV / LV TRANSFORMERS ROOM 9.58
3 MV / LV TRANSFORMERS ROOM 9.56
4 LV ENERGY SUPPLY ROOM 45,18
5 BATTERIES ROOM 17,11
6 STORAGE ROOM 18,83
7 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM 28,51
8 SIGNALING 48,15
9 CONTROL ROOM 25,26
10 TOILET 10,3
11 HVAC - EQUIPMENT 50,94
Table 2-10 CF building areas

Figure 2-6. Supply for Crossover facilities.

The expected powers are shown below:

Type of Facilities voltage Power Consumption (*) Type

130.08 Kw
Crossover facilities Online -Buildings Low voltage 3-phases
(400V) - Lighting 2.51 Kw
- Ventilation 10Kw

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Type of Facilities voltage Power Consumption (*) Type
- Power 11.77 Kw
- Control 1.6 Kw
- Hvac 80 Kw
- Water pump 4.2 Kw
- Spare 20 Kw

(*) Note: Details of power consumption estimation in calculations section.

Table 2-11 Supply for Crossover facilities

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2.4 Preliminary Sizing
2.4.1. Design methodology
2.4.1.1 Low Voltage
The requirements of these calculations are intended to achieve a satisfactory operation lif e of conductors and
equipment insulation, under the thermal effects of conducted current for long periods of time in normal
service. Other considerations affect the choice of cross-sectional area of conductors, such as the requirements
for protection against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41), protection against thermal effects (IEC 60364-4-42),
overcurrent protection (IEC 60364-4-43), voltage drop (IEC 60364-5-52), and limiting temperatures for
terminals of equipment to which the conductors are connected (IEC 60364 -
5-52).
Maximum Intensity admissible
In the calculation of the facilities be verified that the maximum intensities of the lines are less than the
supported by the low voltage regulation, taking into account the correction factors depending on the type
of installation and its particular conditions.

- Nominal intensity in single phase service:

- Nominal intensity in three-phase service:

With
:
In nominal intensity
(A), P: power in W
Uf: simple voltage in V,
Ul: complex voltage in
V, cos ( ): Power
Factor

Voltage Drop.
Type of installation: general installation.
Schema type: industrial facility with own
transformer. The voltage drop shall not exceed
the following values:
lighting circuits: 4% according to the electrical local company.

rest of circuits: 4% according to the electrical local company.

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The formulas are as
follows: Single
Phase service:

Not considering the term of reactance, given the high value of R/X, the fall of voltage is given by:

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With:

- Three-phase service:
Not considering the term of reactance, the fall of voltage is given by:

With:

The values of resistance of the conductors are referred to a temperature of 20° C.

The cable employed will be copper, and coefficients of variation with temperature the resistivity at
20° C as follows: Cupper

With
:
In: Rated intensity of the circuit
in A Iz: permissible intensity of
cable in A P: power W
cos ( ): Power
Factor S: section in
mm2
L: length in m
: resistivity of the cable in ohm·mm²/m
: coefficient of variation with temperature
There are three criteria for the correction of the resistance of conductors and therefore the calculation of
voltage drop, depending on the temperature considered.
Three criteria are the following:
a) Maximum temperature supported by cable in steady state condition.
In this case, to calculate the actual resistance of the cable is considered the maximum temperature
that supports the cable in conditions of steady state.
It will apply the following formula:

The temperature Tmax depends on insulating materials

The intensity to be carried by any conductor for sustained periods during normal operation shall be
such that the appropriate temperature limit specified in table 52-4 (IEC 60364-5-52) is not exceeded.

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Temperature limit a

Type of insulation
(°C)

Polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) 70 at the

Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and ethylene propylene rubber conductor 90 at

(EPR) b
the conductor
a
The maximum permissible conductor temperatures given have been taken from IEC 60502 (1983) and IEC 60702
(1981).
b
Where a conductor operates at a temperature exceeding 70 °C it shall be ascertained that the equipment
connected to the condu ctor is suitable for the resulting temperature at the connection.
Table 2-12. Type of insulations and temperature limits.

b) Considering the expected maximum temperature of the cable service.

To calculate the maximum temperature expected service, the temperature increase above the T0
temperature ( 20
°C for underground cables and wires for 55 °C in air) is proportional to the square of intensity value.

And the resistance is

c) Considering the temperature depending on installation method.

In this case, to calculate the cable resistance is considered the temperature T0, which corresponds to
20 °C for underground cables and wires for 55 ° C in air, according to the formula:

In the formulas we used the following

terms: In: nominal circuit
intensity in A
Iz: Permissible cable intensity
in A P: Power in W
cos : Power factor
S: Cross section in
mm2 L: Lenght in m

: Coefficient of variation with temperature

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Short-Circuit Intensity
Phase-Phase:

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P2103-UAE-EAM-RP-39120-AC Page 39 of 51
Phase-Neutral:

In the formulas have been used the following

terms: Ul: complex voltage in V
Uf: simple voltage in V
Zt: total impedance at the point of short-circuit
in mohm Icc: short-circuit intensity in kA
The total impedance at the point of short-circuit is obtained f rom the total resistance and total reactance of
the network elements to the point of short:

With
:
Rt = R1 + R2 + ... + Rn: Total Resistance in short-circuit
point. Xt = X1 + X2 + ... + Xn: Total reactance in
short-circuit point.

Protection devices must have a cutting power greater than or equal to the short-circuit intensity estimated to in
its installation point, and should act in a time that the temperature reached by the cables does not exceed the
maximum permitted by the cable. In this case the curve of action of circuit breakers must be below thermal
curve of the driver, so you must meet the following condition:

with
:
I: permanent short-circuit intensity
in A. t: time of disconnection in s.
C: constant that depends on the type of
material. T: maximum over-temperature
wire in °C
S: section in mm2
Will also take into account the minimum short-circuit intensity determined by a short-circuit in phase-neutral
and at the end of the line or circuit in study.

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This value is needed to determine if a cable is protected along its entire length to short -circuit, it is an
essential condition that the intensity is greater or equal to the intensity of the electromagnetic shutter. In the
case of using fuses for short circuit

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P2103-UAE-EAM-RP-39120-AC Page 41 of 51
protection, the intensity of fusion must be less than intensity supported by the cable without damage, in the
time that takes to cut. In any case, this time always be less than 5 sec.

Power Factor.
All a.c. equipment and appliances that include electromagnetic devices, or depend on magnetically
coupled windings, require some degree of reactive intensity to create magnetic f lux. Table shows the average
power factor values for various commonly used equipment and appliances.

Plant, equipment, and appliances cos f tan f

0% 0.17 5.80
25% 0.55 1.52
Common induction
motor 50% 0.73 0.94
loaded at
75% 0.80 0.75

100% 0.85 0.62

LEDs lamps > 0.90 0.48
Ovens using resistance elements. 1.0 0
Induction heating ovens (compensated) 0.85 0.62
Dielectric type heating ovens
0.85 0.62
Resistance type soldering machines 0.80 to 0.90 0.75 to 0.48
Fixed 1-phase arc-welding set 0.50 1.73
Arc-welding motor-generating set 0.70 to 0.90 1.02 to 0.48
Arc welding transformer-rectifier set 0.70 to 0.80 1.02 to 0.75
Arc furnace 0.8 0.75

Note: a general power factor of 0.8 has been considered for all outlines of main switchboard.
Table 2-13. Table Average cosine (f) and tangent (f) values for commonly used plants, equipment, and
appliances.

Formulation:
Single phase circuit calculation
Power factor calculation:

Apparent power calculation:

Reactive power calculation:

Power factor correction capacitor's capacitance calculation:

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Three phase circuit calculation
For three phase with balanced
loads: Calculation with line to line voltage
Power factor calculation:

Apparent power calculation:

Reactive power calculation:

Power factor correction capacitor's capacitance calculation:

Calculation with line to neutral

voltage Power factor
calculation:

Apparent power calculation:

Reactive power calculation:

Power factor correction capacitor's capacitance calculation:

Protections calculation
Overload:
The line will be protected against overloads if all the following conditions are compiled:

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P2103-UAE-EAM-RP-39120-AC Page 43 of 51
Wit
h
Iuse: expected current.
In: nominal fuse or miniature circuit breaker (MCB)
current. Iz: maximum allowable current.
Itc: current to connect the protection.
The following abbreviations are also included in
charts: Pcalc: calculated power.
Type: (T) three-phase (S) single-phase.

Short-circuit:
Short circuit value is considered taking account the existence of transformer and generator in stand -by.
The line will be protected against short-circuit if the following conditions are compiled:

For Icc max : Tp CC max < T cable CC

max For Icc min : Tp CC min < T cable
Wit CC min
h
Icc: short-circuit current in
kA. Icu: last cut current.
Ics: cut current.

Tp: trigger time for short-circuit

current. C -
circuit current

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2.5 Calculations / Estimations
2.5.1. Low Voltage
2.5.1.1 Parallel substation Low Voltage

POWER & LIGHTING (PS) ut m2 rat (w/m2) Kw Circ.

LIGHTING 206.44 5 1.03 N1
EXTERNAL LIGHTING 0.80 N2
EMERGENCY LIGHT 0.20 N3
VENTILATION 1 5.00 N4
VENTILATION 2 5.00 N5
POWER 1 103.22 30 3.10 N6
POWER 2 103.22 30 3.10 N7
FIRE CONTROL 0.80 N8
ALARM CENTER 0.80 N9
WATER PUMP 4.00 N10
HVAC 1 40.00 N11
HVAC 2 40.00 N12
NORMAL SUPPLY 103.83
Simultaneity (85%) 85 88.25
SPARE (20%) 17.65
TOTAL 105.90
cos fi: 0.9 117.67 120 KvA
Table 2-14. LV Power Consumption. Parallel substation

The Electrical and Lighting system for Parallel substation Low Voltage is defined in the following drawings:
Document Reference No. Subject
P2103-UAE-EAM-DG-39120 Base Case 1 - Online Buildings - Power Supply & Lighting Parallel Substation

2.5.1.2 Section substation Low Voltage

POWER & LIGHTING (SS) ut m2 rat (w/m2) Kw Circ.

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POWER & LIGHTING (SS) ut m2 rat (w/m2) Kw Circ.
HVAC 1 40.00 N11
HVAC 2 40.00 N12
NORMAL SUPPLY 103.83
Simultaneity (85%) 85 88.25
SPARE (20%) 17.65
TOTAL 105.90
cos fi: 0.9 117.67 120 KvA
Table 2-15. LV Power Consumption. Section substation

The Electrical and Lighting system for Section substation Low Voltage is defined in the following drawings:

Document Reference No. Subject

P2103-UAE-EAM-DG-39123 Base Case 1 - Online Buildings - Power Supply & Lighting Section Substation

2.5.1.3 Traction Substation Low Voltage

POWER & LIGHTING (TS) ut m2 rat (w/m2) Kw Circ.

LIGHTING 301.52 5 1.51 N1
EXTERNAL LIGHTING 0.80 N2
EMERGENCY LIGHT 0.20 N3
VENTILATION 1 5.00 N4
VENTILATION 2 5.00 N5
POWER 1 150.76 30 4.52 N6
POWER 2 150.76 30 4.52 N7
POWER OFFICE 3.45 N8
POWER TOILET 1.8 N9
ELECTRIC WATER HEATER 2 N10
FIRE CONTROL 0.8 N11
ALARM CENTER 0.8 N12
WATER PUMP 4 N13
HVAC 1 40 N14
HVAC 2 40 N15
NORMAL SUPPLY 114.4032
Simultaneity (85%) 85 97.24
SPARE (20%) 19.45
TOTAL 116.69
cos fi: 0.9 129.66 130KvA
Table 2-16. LV Power Consumption. Traction substation

The Electrical and Lighting system for Traction substation Low Voltage is defined in the following drawings:

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Document Reference No. Subject
P2103-UAE-EAM-DG-39126 Base Case 1 - Online Buildings - Power Supply & Lighting Traction Substation

2.5.1.4 Crossover facilities Low Voltage

POWER & LIGHTING (CF) ut m2 rat (w/m2) Kw Circ.

LIGHTING 259.62 5 1.30 N1
EXTERNAL LIGHTING 0.80 N2
EMERGENCY LIGHT 0.20 N3
VENTILATION 1 5.00 N4
VENTILATION 2 5.00 N5
POWER 1 129.81 30 3.89 N6
POWER 2 129.81 30 3.89 N7
POWER OFFICE 3.45 N8
POWER TOILET 1.80 N9
ELECTRIC WATER HEATER 2.00 N10
FIRE CONTROL 0.80 N11
ALARM CENTER 0.80 N12
WATER PUMP 4.00 N13
HVAC 1 40.00 N14
HVAC 2 40.00 N15
NORMAL SUPPLY 112.94
Simultaneity (85%) 85 96.00
SPARE (20%) 19.20
TOTAL 115.20
cos fi: 0.9 127.99 130KvA
Table 2-17. LV Power Consumption. Crossover facilities

The Electrical and Lighting system for Crossover facilities Low Voltage is defined in the following drawings:
Document Reference No. Subject
P2103-UAE-EAM-DG-39129 Base Case 1 - Online Buildings - Power Supply & Lighting Crossover facilities

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P2103-UAE-EAM-RP-39120-AC Page 47 of 51
3

3.1 General Requirements

The lighting system shall meet but not be limited to, the following criteria:
1. Aesthetically appealing;
2. Architecturally integrated;
3. Accurate colour rendition;
4. Minimum glare;
5. Ease of maintenance;
6. Minimum power requirements;
7. Availability;
8. Vandal resistance; and
9. Highlight special design features (art, trees, etc.).
The f ixtures shall be standardized for all online buildings.
Lighting design shall address ef f iciency, specific applications, mitigation of general glare and glare on
CCTV or signage, needs of computer screen environments, maintainability and longevity.
The type and quantity of f ixtures and their luminous intensity shall relate to the space being illuminated and
consider the design requirements.
-
Lighting design shall take into consideration the use of daylight as far as possible for energy conservation
purposes and suitable controls shall be provided accordingly.
Luminaires shall have the degree of protection dictated by their location. Where luminaires are subject to
excesses of dust and water, a high degree of protection (typically IP 65) shall be provided. Mechanical
protection of luminaires against damage f rom impact wherever the risk occurs, shall be provided in the
form of wire guards or other such devices.
The light f ittings shall not emit toxic gases in the case of f ire and the lighting system shall also comply
with the building security requirements.
Luminaires shall be arranged such that failure of any single lighting unit shall not reduce the illumination
level in a certa in area by more than 80%.
In general, the luminaires shall have a minimum down light output ratio of 70%. The maintenance factor to
be considered in general shall be between L80 and L90 according to IEC 62722-2-1. During the project phase
when luminaires are chosen, this maintenance factor shall be adapted to the conditions of the equipment
and spaces.
Lighting levels shall be uniformly distributed insofar as possible and be designed to prevent glare, dark
recesses and areas of poor lighting levels. The point to point method shall be used for lighting
calculations .
During the development of the project, different locations shall be studied more in detail to ensure that the
lighting shall not affect other facilities. Exterior landscape lighting shall be aimed or shielded to prevent the
lighting of the night sky o n neighbouring plots, avoiding like this the lighting pollution.

3.2 Internal Lighting

All indoor spaces (including transition areas) in the workplace shall meet the illuminance requirements in EN
12464 -1 and ISO 8995-1.

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The minimum illumination levels to be considered shall be accordance to Table 3-1, which shows lighting
levels and technical parameters designed for all different spaces inside the stations, according to BS EN
12464 -1:
Type of building Underground Elevated Uo

Technical areas (lx) 300 200 0.6

Connecting areas (lx) 300 200 0.6

Warehouse. Storages (lx) 200 200 0.6

Mechanical Equipment Rooms (lx) 300 200 0.6

Electrical rooms (low voltage rooms) (lx) 300 200 0.6

Emergency routes (lx) 1 1 0,4

Firefighting elements (lx) 5 5 0,4

Electrical switchboard (lx) 5 5 0,4

Table 3-1 Lighting requirements for interior areas, tasks and activities

3.3 External Lighting

All external spaces (including transition areas) in the workplace shall meet the illuminance requirements in
EN 12464 -2 and ISO 8995-2.
As far as practicable, the average lighting power density for the exterior connected lighting load shall not
exceed the value s given in Table 3-2:

Page 42 of 51
Table 3-2 Exterior lighting power density

3.4 Emergency lighting

Emergency lighting, i.e., lighting that is provided when the LV power supply fails, shall be installed. The
emergency lighting systems shall also be provided in accordance with the requirements of the relevant
Municipalities, the Fire Authorities and internationally accepted good practice such as NFPA 101.
The emergency lighting shall be powered by normal supplies f rom each building Sub Station through an
automatic changeover switch. Emergency lighting shall be supplied by a Central Battery System (CBS) in
accordance with UAE Fire Code Chapter 6 (Table 6.2) and NFPA 111 Chapter 7.
The minimum illumination levels to be considered are:
Emergency routes: 1 lux.
Fire Fighting elements: 5
lux. Electrical
Switchboard: 5 lux.
Emergency lighting cabling shall be the f ire survival type, f lame test or equivalent in accordance with NFPA101
(Life Saf ety
Code). Emergency lighting shall be provided in all public areas, on escalators and stairways, escape/exit
routes including the tunnel walkways, tunnel escape shafts (if installed), tunnel cross passages, control
rooms and plant rooms.
In each room at least one luminaire shall be connected to the emergency supply. The minimum levels of
illumination shall be maintained for at least two hours during the failure of the normal supply of electricity.
3.4.1. Central Battery System
The Central Battery System (CBS) shall be designed and installed in accordance with the requirements of
the Chapter 6 of th UAE Fire Life & Safety Code.

Page 43 of 51
The CBS shall provide reliable and continuous power supply for emergency lighting f ixtures in case of a power
outage or emergency.

Page 44 of 51
The power System of the central battery system shall be of Type 10 which cut-in within 10 seconds of the
failure of the mains. The duration of the back-up of central battery power shall be 3 hours (180 Minutes)
and an extent of 5% spare capacity shall be included when selecting the central battery system rating .
Batteries shall be open-rack type, console or package type or a combination of both. The energy
conversion equipment shall be restricted to UPS or Central Battery System
The load source shall be monitored for undervoltage and overvoltage on all of its ungrounded input lines,
elsewhere, CBS shall be interfaced with BMS, computers and the MFACP.
3.4.2. Lighting controls
Manual switch controls for interior lighting shall be provided.
Occupants shall be able to control or switch off lighting when daylight levels are adequate or when spaces
are unoccupied. The outdoor lighting shall be controlled via photocell and time controller switch.

Page 45 of 51
PARALLEL SUBSTATION
RESULTS TABLE
(Main supply)
POWER & LIGHTING SWITCHBOARD

Pow.Calc. Length Section IB IZ ac Conduit

Description
(W) (m) (mm) (A) (A) (%) (mm)
(%)

122330.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 5(1x120) 203.86 283.92 0.18 0.18 Without duct

MEP SWITCHBOARD 122330.00 15.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 5(1x95) 203.86 271.18 0.34 0.52 Without duct

Table 0-1 Main switchboard section. Parallel substation.

IB In IZ Iccmáx BC Iccmín Im Id RC.sens

Description
(A) (A) (A) (A) (kA) (A) (kA) (A) (m A)

203.86 250.00 283.92 12.00 - 4.72 - - -

MEP SWITCHBOARD 203.86 250.00 271.18 11.24 15.00 3.78 2.50 - -

Table 0-2 Main switchboard intensity. Parallel substation.

POWER & LIGHTING SWITCHBOARD

Pow.Calc. Length Section IB IZ ac Conduit

Description
(W) (m) (mm) (A) (A) (%) (mm)
(%)

Lighting 1030.00 15.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x1.5) 4.46 23.66 0.87 1.39 Without duct

Low voltage 1 3450.00 15.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x1.5) 17.58 23.66 2.93 3.45 Without duct

Ventilation system 1 5000.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x2.5) 24.06 32.76 1.70 2.22 Without duct

Fire control 800.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x1.5) 3.85 23.66 0.45 0.97 Without duct

Emergency light 200.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x1.5) 0.87 23.66 0.11 0.63 Without duct

External lighting 800.00 20.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x1.5) 3.46 23.66 0.90 1.42 Without duct

Low voltage 2 3450.00 15.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x1.5) 17.58 20.93 2.93 3.45 Without duct

Ventilation system 2 5000.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x2.5) 24.06 32.76 1.70 2.22 Without duct

Alarm center 800.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x1.5) 3.85 23.66 0.45 0.97 Without duct

Water Pump 4200.00 25.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x2.5) 21.40 28.21 3.58 4.10 Without duct

HVAC 1 40000.00 15.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 5(1x16) 67.92 91.00 0.55 1.07 Without duct

HVAC 2 40000.00 15.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 5(1x16) 67.92 80.08 0.55 1.07 Without duct

Reserve 1 8800.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x10) 42.34 68.25 0.76 1.28 Conduit 25 mm

Reserve 2 8800.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 3(1x10) 42.34 68.25 0.76 1.28 Conduit 25 mm

Table 0-3 Power & light switchboard sections. Parallel substation.

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Page 45 of 51
IB In IZ Iccmáx BC Iccmín Im Id RC.sens
Description
(A) (A) (A) (A) (kA) (A) (kA) (A) (m A)

Lighting 4.46 6.00 23.66 6.40 10.00 0.59 0.06 491.42 30

Low voltage 1 17.58 20.00 23.66 6.40 10.00 0.59 0.20 491.42 30

Ventilation system 1 24.06 25.00 32.76 6.40 10.00 1.32 0.25 1185.94 30

Fire control 3.85 6.00 23.66 6.40 10.00 0.86 0.06 728.47 30

Emergency light 0.87 6.00 23.66 6.40 10.00 0.86 0.06 728.47 30

External lighting 3.46 6.00 23.66 6.40 10.00 0.45 0.06 370.76 30

Low voltage 2 17.58 20.00 20.93 6.40 10.00 0.59 0.20 491.42 30

Ventilation system 2 24.06 25.00 32.76 6.40 10.00 1.32 0.25 1185.94 30

Alarm center 3.85 6.00 23.66 6.40 10.00 0.86 0.06 728.47 30

Water Pump 21.40 25.00 28.21 6.40 10.00 0.59 0.25 491.36 30

HVAC 1 67.92 80.00 91.00 10.09 15.00 2.39 0.80 4222.65 30

HVAC 2 67.92 80.00 80.08 10.09 15.00 2.39 0.80 4222.65 30

Reserve 1 42.34 50.00 68.25 6.40 10.00 3.09 0.50 4023.51 -

Reserve 2 42.34 50.00 68.25 6.40 10.00 3.09 0.50 4023.51 -

Table 0-4 Power & light switchboard intensity. Parallel substation.

SECTION SUBSTATION
RESULTS TABLE
(Main supply)
POWER & LIGHTING SWITCHBOARD

Pow.Calc. Length Section IB IZ ac Conduit

Description
(W) (m) (mm) (A) (A) (%) (mm)
(%)

122330.00 10.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 5(1x120) 203.86 283.92 0.18 0.18 Without duct

MEP SWITCHBOARD 122330.00 15.00 Cu 0,6/1 kV Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) 5(1x95) 203.86 271.18 0.34 0.52 Without duct

Table 0-5 Main switchboard section. Section substation.

IB In IZ Iccmáx BC Iccmín Im Id RC.sens

Description
(A) (A) (A) (A) (kA) (A) (kA) (A) (m A)

203.86 250.00 283.92 12.00 - 4.72 - - -

MEP SWITCHBOARD 203.86 250.00 271.18 11.24 15.00 3.78 2.50 - -

Table 0-6 Main switchboard intensity. Section substation.

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Page 46 of 51
POWER & LIGHTING SWITCHBOARD