National Plumbing Code of

the Philippines

Prepared by Engr. Ray Francis G. Ralota, CE, RMP,

SE, MSSE R.Eng.Aff.M.ASCE
History of Plumbing
In the late 20th century, in the time of American colonization, different kinds of sickness
abrupted in the Philippines that alarmed Governor General Harrison. He ordered and issued a
proper waste disposal to all municipalities and brought American Soldier - Engineers.
Sometime in 1902, the plumbing trade was duly recognized by the Philippine government
under the American colony. Master Plumber John F. Hass became the first Chief of the Division
of Plumbing Construction and Inspection.
Thru the efforts of the first Filipino Master Plumbers, they created the plumbing code of the
Philippines, based on the Plumbing Code of the United States, was incorporated into the
Building Code for the City of Manila.
In 1935, National Master Plumbers Association of the Philippines or NAMPAP was duly
organized by the First Filipino Master Plumbers and had it registered in Securities of Exchange
Commission.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

History of Plumbing
The Plumbing Code was first introduced in the city of Manila only and it was first called City
Ordinance 2411 or otherwise known as "The Plumbing code for the City of Manila".

The National government through Bureau of Public Works, started a mandate in all other cities and
municipalities to adopt the Plumbing Code of Manila. The mandate and enforcement of the law was
spearheaded by NAMPAP, regulating the practice of master plumbing in the Philippines.

In 1954, the third congress of the republic of the Philippines, approved after the third reading HB
No. 962. The HB No. 962 became the Republic Act No. 1378 otherwise known as Plumbing Law of
the Philippines on June 18, 1955 and it was signed by late President Ramon Magsaysay.

On January 28, 1959, the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines was prepared by NAMPAP, and
it was promulgated and approved by Malacanang, together with the passage of the law creating
National Waterworks and Sewerage Authority (NAWASA).

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

History of Plumbing
In 1966-1969, The Board of Examiners for Master Plumbers and the NAMPAP prepared a Curriculum
for Plumbing Engineering that was approved by the Department of Education and was first
introduced at the Feati University.

The first ammendent of the Plumbing Code took on November 28, 1967 and was approved, where it
includes asbestos-cement pipe material.

Before Martial Law in 1972, Republic Act No. 6541 otherwise known as Building Code of the
Philippines was passed and the Building Code was based and referred on the National Plumbing
Code of 1959.

In 1996, NAMPAP President Jaime n. Cabase spearheaded the updating of the Revised National
Plumbing Code. In October 1999, NAMPAP submitted the draft code to the Board of Master Plumber
chaired by Engr. Fortunato H. Amosco. After the review the Professional Regulation Commission
under chairman Hermogenes Pobre adopted the Revised National Plumbing Code of 1999, which it
was approved by President Joseph Ejercito Estrada last December 21, 1999 pursuant to Section 4 of
R.A. 1378 known as The Plumbing Law. Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
Basic Principles in Plumbing Code
Principle No. 1
All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy or use shall be provided
with a supply of pure and wholesome water, neither connected with unsafe
water supplies nor subject to hazards of backflow or back-siphonage.

Principle No. 2
Plumbing fixtures , devices and appurtenances shall be supplied with water in
sufficient volume and at pressure adequate to enable them to function
satisfactorily and without undue noise under all normal conditions use. Sufficient of
Water supply
Principle No. 3 in Plumbing
Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of water Fixtures
consistent with proper performance and cleaning.

Principle No. 4
Devices for heating and storing water shall be so
designed and installed as to prevent dangers from
explosion through overheating.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Basic Principles in Plumbing Code
Principle No. 5
Every building having plumbing fixtures installed and intended for human
habitation, occupancy or use on premises abutting on a street, alley or
easement where there is a public sewer, shall be connected to the sewer system.
Principle No. 6
Each family dwelling unit on premises abutting on a sewer or with a private
sewage-disposal system shall have at least one water closet and one kitchen- Adequate
type sink. Further, a lavatory and bathtub or shower shall be installed to meet number of
the basic requirements of sanitation and personal hygiene. fixtures inside
a premises and
Principle No. 7 durable
Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth non-absorbent material, free from material
concealed fouling surfaces and shall be located in ventilated enclosures. specifications
Principle No. 9
The drainage system shall be designed, constructed and maintained to
safeguard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging and with adequate
cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Basic Principles in Plumbing Code
Principle No. 8
The drainage system shall be designed, constructed and maintained to
safeguard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging and with adequate
cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned.
Principle No. 10
Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a
water-sealed trap. Plumbing
System
Principle No. 11 Efficiency
The drainage piping system shall be designed to provide adequate circulation of air
free from siphonage, aspiration or forcing of trap seals under ordinary use.

Principle No. 12
Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air and installed to preempt clogging and
the return of foul air to the building.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Basic Principles in Plumbing Code
Principle No. 13
Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such tests to effectively disclose all
leaks and defects in the workmanship.
Principle No. 14
No substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixtures, destroy the
pipes or their joints or interfere unduly with the sewage-disposal process shall be
allowed to enter the building drainage system.
Plumbing Tests
Principle No. 15 and
Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food, water, Maintenance
sterile goods and similar materials by backflow of sewage. When necessary, the
fixture, device or appliance shall be connected indirectly with the building
drainage system.
Principle No. 19
Plumbing systems shall be maintained in serviceable condition by Registered
Master Plumbers.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Basic Principles in Plumbing Code
Principle No. 16
No water closet shall be located in a room or a compartment which is not properly
lighted and ventilated.
Principle No. 17
If water closets or other plumbing fixtures are installed in buildings where there is no sewer
within a reasonable distance, suitable provision shall be made for disposing of the building
sewage by some accepted method of sewage treatment and disposal, such as septic tank.
Principle No. 18
Where a plumbing drainage system may be subjected to backflow of sewage, suitable
provision shall be made to prevent its overflow in the building.
Principle No. 20 Plumbing
All plumbing fixtures shall be installed properly spaced, to be accessible for their Design and
intended use. Implementation
Principle No. 21
Plumbing shall be installed by Registered Master Plumbers with due regard to the
preservation of the strength of structural members and the prevention of damage to
walls and other surfaces through fixture usage.
Principle No. 22
Sewage or other waste from a plumbing system which may be deleterious to surface or
sub-surface waters shall not be discharged into the ground or into any waterway, unless
first rendered innocuous through subjection to some acceptable form of treatment.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Plumbing
Permit

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

General Regulations
Section 301 – Disposal of Wastewaters
It shall be unlawful for any person to
cause, suffer or permit disposal of
sewage, human excrement or other
wastewaters in any place or manner,
except through and by means of an
approved excreta and storm drainage
system installed and maintained in
accordance with the provision of this code

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 301 - Disposal of Wastewaters
Section 302 – Grade of Horizontal Drainage Piping

Section 301 - It shall be unlawful for any person to permit the disposal of all waste waters in any place
or manner, except through and by means of approved Excreta and Storm Drainage System

Section 302 – Grade Horizontal Drainage Piping

Horizontal drainage pipes shall be run in practical alignments and at a uniform slope between
manholes of not less tan 20 mm/m or 2% toward the point of disposal, provided that, where it is
impracticable to obtain 2% due to the following constraints in:

1. Excessive depth of the proposed drainage line

2. Structural and/or geological features of the terrain

3. Existing adverse in arrangements of building or structure, at any such pipe or piping 102 mm or
large in diameter may have a slope of 10mm/m or 1% provided it is approved by the Administrative
Authority.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Section 303 – Changes in Direction of Drainage Flow Section 304 – Connections to
Plumbing System Required
303.1 Changes in direction of drainage piping shall be made using
approved pipe fittings and shall be of the angles presented by a 22 All Plumbing fixtures, drains,
½ degrees bend 45 degrees bend and 60 degrees bend or other appurtenances and appliances
used to receive or discharge liquid
approved fittings of long sweeps. wastes or sewage, shall be
connected properly to the
drainage systems of the building
303.2 Horizontal drainage lines connecting to a vertical stack shall and premises, in accordance with
enter through 45 degrees or 60 degrees wye branches, combination the requirements of this Code
wye and 1/8 bend branches, sanitary tee or other approved fittings
of longer sweeps. No fitting having more than one inlet at the same
level shall be used unless such fitting is constructed so that the Section 305 – Sewer Required
discharge from one inlet cannot readily enter into the other inlet. 305.1 Every building where
Section 303, plumbing fixtures are installed
shall have a sewer service
304 and 305 Vertical installation of double sanitary tees may be used when the
barrel of the fitting is at least two (2) pipe sizes larger than the
connection to a public or private
sewer systems except as provided
largest side inlet. Nominal pipe sizes recognized for these purposes in subsection 305.2 if this section.
are 51, 63, 76, 89, 102, 114, 127 and 152 mm diameters.
305.2 When a public or private
sewer is not available for use,
303.3 Horizontal drainage lines connecting to other horizontal excreta drainage piping from
drainage lines shall enter through 45 degrees wye branches, buildings and premises shall be
combination wye and 1/8 bend branches or other approved fittings connected to an approved private
sewage disposal system

303.4 Vertical drainage lines connecting to horizontal drainage line

shall enter through 45-degree branches or other approved fittings
of longer sweep sixty (60) degree branches or offsets may be used
only when installed in a true vertical position
 306.1 It shall be unlawful for any person to deposit, by whatever means into any
plumbing fixture, floor drain, interceptor, sump, receptacle or device, connected to the
Section 306 – excreta and storm drainage systems, public sewer, private sewer, septic tank or
cesspool, any ashes, cinders, solids rags, flammable, poisonous or explosive liquids or
Damage to gases; oils, greases or other things which would or could cause damage to the drainage
system or public sewer.
Drainage
System or 306.2 Roofs, inner courts, vent shafts, light wells or similar areas having rainwater
drains shall discharge outside of the building or to the gutter and shall not be
connected to the soil and waste pipe systems.
Public Sewer
307.1 Wastes detrimental to the public sewer system or to the functioning of the
sewage treatment plant shall be treated and disposed of as found necessary and as
Section 307 – directed by the Administrative Authority or other authorities having jurisdiction.

Industrial 307.2 Sewage or other waste from a plumbing system which may be deleterious to
Waste surface or subsurface waters, shall not be discharged into the ground or into any
waterway unless first rendered innocuous through subjection to some acceptable form
of treatment.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 308 – Location

308.1 Except as otherwise provided in this Code, no excreta
Section 308 plumbing system, storm drainage system, building drain, building
sewer, private sewage disposal system or parts thereof, shall be
and 309 – located in any other than the lot where the site of the building,
structure or premises are served by such facilities
Location and
Improper 308.2 No subdivision, sale, or transfer of ownership of existing
property shall be made in such a manner that the area,
Location clearance and access requirements of this Code are decreased or
impaired.

Section 309 – Improper Location

Piping, fixtures or equipment shall not be so located to interfere
with the normal function or use thereof or with the normal
operation and use of windows, doors or other required facilities.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

CHANGES IN DIRECTION OF
DRAINAGE FLOW

Description 45° wye 60° wye 1/8 bend

branches branches branches
1. Horizontal drainage lines connecting to a ✓ ✓
vertical stack ✓

2.Horizontal drainage lines connecting to other

horizontal drainage lines ✓ ✓ ✓

3. Vertical drainage lines connecting to horizontal

drainage line ✓ ✓
Section 313 – Repairs and Alterations
313.1 In existing building or premises where plumbing installations are to be altered, repaired or renovated,
deviations from the provision of this Code are permitted, provided such deviations are necessary and first approved
by the Administrative Authority.

313.2 Existing building sewer and building drain may be used in connection with a new building or new
plumbing and drainage works only when they are found on examination and tested to conform in all
respects to the requirements governing new work, and the proper Administrative Authority shall notify the
Owner to make changes necessary to conform to this Code. No building or part thereof, shall be erected or
placed over any part of the existing drainage system, which is constructed of materials other than those
approved elsewhere in this Code for use under or within a building.

313.3 All openings into a Sanitary drainage and vent system, except those openings to which plumbing
fixtures are properly connected or which constitute vent terminals, shall be permanently plugged or capped
in an approved manner, using the appropriate materials required by this Code.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 314 – Protection of Piping,
Materials and Structures
314.1 All piping passing under or through walls shall be protected from breakage with embedded metal pipe sleeves. All pipes
passing through or under cinders or other corrosive materials shall be protected from external corrosion by encasing same with
polyethylene sheath or in other approved manner. Approved provisions shall be made for expansions of hot water piping. Void
between pipes and sleeves through concrete floors in the ground shall be appropriately sealed with bitumen.

314.2All pipes in connection with the plumbing system shall be installed so that the piping or connections will not be exposed to
undue strains or stresses, and provisions shall be made for pipe expansions and contraction and bending due to structural
settlement. No pipe shall be directly embedded in concrete and masonry walls without metal sleeve. No structural member shall
be seriously weakened or impaired by cutting, notching or otherwise.

314.3 The bottom of all pipe trenches deeper than the footing of any adjacent building or structure and parallel to it must be at
least forty-five (45) degrees therefrom, unless permission is granted by the Administrative Authority.

314.4 No building sewer or other drainage piping or part thereof, constructed of materials other than that approved for use under
or within the building, shall be installed under or within 0.6 meter of any building or structure, nor less than 0.3 meter below the
finish ground surface.

314.5 Pipe surfaces subject to undue corrosion, erosion or mechanical damage shall be protected with approved material and
manners such as inside lining, outside coating and proper bottom bedding and top shielding with concrete blocks.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 315 – Hangers and Supports

PIPE VERTICAL HORIZONTAL

Cast Iron Soil Pipe Every storey or closer Suspended – not more than 1.5 meters
interval; to prevent sagging supports shall be
place within 0.45m of the hub or joint.

Screwed Pipe Not less than every other storey height 19mm ≥ d - 3.0m interval
25mm ≤ d– 3.6m interval

Copper Tubing Each storey or at maximum intervals of 3.0m 38mm ≥ d – 1.8m interval
on center 51mm ≤ d – 3.0m interval

Lead Pipe Intervals not exceeding 1.20m at centers with a Stiff metal of wooden backing for its entire
rigid vertical back-up length with hangers properly spaced

Plastic Pipe Every 1m interval Stiff metal of wooden backing with hangers for
its entire length for small size tubings up to 38
mm diameter and without backings but with
space metal hangers at approved spacing for
larger size tubings
Plumbing Fixtures
Quality of Plumbing Fixtures:
1. Dense
2. Durable
3. Non-absorbent material
4. Smooth
5. Impervious surfaces
6. Free from unnecessary concealed fouling
surfaces
7. Acid resistant (For porcelain enamel surfaces)
Note: Except permitted elsewhere from the Code.
Conforming the quality and design nationally
recognized applicable standards

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Materials

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Materials

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Materials

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Materials

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Materials

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Materials

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Materials

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 404 – Strainers and Connections

Strainers
-All plumbing fixtures except water
closet and siphon action washdown DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS
or blowout urinals shall be equipped
with strainers Continuous waste and fixture tailpiece Seamless drawn brass not less than
exposed connections Gauge No. 20 B and S or 0.8mm in
-Strainers serving shower drains thickness
shall have waterway equivalent to
the are of the tailpiece. Sinks, dishwashers, laundry tubs, Each tailpiece, continuous waste or
bathtubs, urinals and similar fixtures waste and overflow, D > 38 mm O.D.
෍ 𝐴𝑃 = 𝐴𝑂
Lavatories, drinking fountains and similar Each tailpiece, continuous waste or
fixtures waste and overflow, D > 32 mm O.D.
Connections
-Fixtures having concealed slip joint
Urinal tailpiece or trap Type of material shall not be brass or
connections shall be provided with
copper
an access panel or utility at least 0.3
meters in its least dimension.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 1. Use of water closets having invisible
seals or unventilated space or having
walls, which are not thoroughly washed
out at each discharge.
2. Water closets that permits siphonage of
Section the contents of the bowl back into the
water tanks, same for urinals.
405 – 3. Location of drinking fountains shall not
be installed inside the public toilet
Prohibited rooms.
4. Fixed wooden, concrete, cement, or tile
Fixtures washtrays or sinks for domestic use shall
not be installed in any building designed
for human habitation.
5. No Sheet metal lined wooden bathtubs
shall be installed or reconnected

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 406 – Special Fixtures and Specialties
Section 407 - Installation

406.1 Water Connections

Baptistries, ornamental and lily ponds, aquaria, ornamental fountain basins and similar facilities provided with water
supplies connected to potable water supply lines shall be protected from back-siphonage.

406.2 Wastewater Drain

Sacrarium cupsink at church altar and baptistries font outlet shall be discharged direct to the ground and not connected
to the sanitary drainage system.

407.1 Cleaning
Plumbing fixture shall be installed in a manner to provide easy access for repair and cleaning. Practical, all pipes from
fixtures shall be run parallel and close to the nearest wall or building line.

407.2 Joints
Where a fixture comes in contact with the wall or floor, the joint between the fixture and wall or floor shall be made
watertight.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
 Section 406 – Special Fixtures and Specialties
Section 407 - Installation
407.3 Securing Fixtures
Floor outlet or floor mounted fixtures shall be rigidly secured on the drainage connection and floor when so designed with the use
of adequately-sized screws or expansion bolts of copper, brass, or other equally corrosion-resistant material.

407.4 Wall-Hung Fixtures

Wall-hung fixtures shall be rigidly supported by metal supporting members or chairs so that no bending or pullout strain is
transmitted to the wall. Approved non-corrosive screws or bolts shall secure water closet and urinal flush tanks and similar
appurtenances.

407.5 Setting
Fixtures shall be set level and in proper alignment with reference to adjacent walls. No water closet or bidet shall be set closer
than 0.375 meter from its center to any side wall or obstruction nor closer than 0.75 meter center to center to any similar fixture.
No urinal shall be set closer than 0.3 meter from its center to any sidewall or partition nor closer than 0.6 meter center to center.

407.6 Supply Fittings

The supply lines or fittings for every plumbing fixture shall be installed to prevent backflow. An approved type of vacuum breaker
shall protect every water supply to a urinal or other approved backflow prevention device.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS
1. Not closer than of 0.375 meter from
its center to any side wall or
obstruction
Water Closet and Bidet 2. Not closer than 0.75 meter center to
center to any similar fixture

1. Not closer than 0.3 meter from its

center to any sidewall or partition
Urinal
2. Not closer than 0.6 meter center to
center similar fixture
 408.1 Automatic Flushing Tanks –
Tanks flushing more than one urinal shall be
Section automatic in operation and of sufficient
capacity to provide the necessary volume of
408 - water to flush and properly cleanse all urinals
Urinals simultaneously. Automatically controlled
flushometer valves maybe substituted.

408.2 Flushometer Valves

No manually controlled flushometer valve
shall be used to flush more than one urinal
and each such urinal flushometer valve. Self-
closing type discharging a predetermined
quantity of water.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Floor Drains
-considered as plumbing fixtures
-must be provided with approved-
typed hinge strainer plate (The sum of

Section 409 – the areas of the small holes of the

strainer plate or gross waterway is

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

equal to the cross-sectional area of
Floor Drains and the tailpiece.

Shower Stalls -the body provided with integrally-cast

water-stop outside flange around the
body at mid depth and with an inside
caulk outlet to provide a watertight
joint in the floor
 Shower Receptors
-are also considered plumbing fixtures

-shall conform to the requirements of

Plumbing Material Standards.

-constructed of vitrified china or

earthenware, ceramic tile, porcelain-
enamel metal or such other material.
Section 409 – -no shower receptors shall be installed

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

unless it conforms to acceptable standards.
Floor Drains and
-constructed to have a finished dam, curb
Shower Stalls or threshold which is at least 25.4 mm lower
than the outside floor.

-floors of public shower rooms shall have a

non-skid surface and shall be drained in
such manner that wastewater from one
user will not pass over to the other areas
occupied by another user.
 -floors of public shower rooms shall
have a non-skid surface and shall be
drained in such manner that
wastewater from one user will not
pass over to the other areas occupied
by another user.
Section 409 –

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Floor Drains and -Drains in gutters shall be spaced not
more than 4.9 meters apart.

Shower Stalls -Gutters in public or gang shower

rooms shall have rounded corners for
maintenance and shall be sloped not
less than 2%.
 Section 410 - Plumbing Fixtures Required

Water Closets Urinals10 Lavatories Bathtubs or Showers

Types of Building or Occupancy2 Drinking Fountains13
(Fixtures per Person) (Fixtures per Person) (Fixtures per Person (Fixtures per Person)
Assembly Places – Male Female14 Male Female
Theaters, Auditoriums, Convention Halls, etc. – 1:1-15 1:1-15 0:1-9 1 per 40 1 per 40
for permanent employee use 2:16-35 3:16-35 1:10-50
3:36-55 4:35-55
Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons Add one (1) fixture for each additional
50 males
Assembly Places – Male Female14 Male Female 1 per 7512
Theaters, Auditoriums, Convention Halls, etc. – 1:1-100 3:1-50 1:1-100 1:1-200 1:1-200
for public use 2:101-200 4:51-100 2:101-200 2:201-400 2:201-400
3:201-400 8:101-200 3:201-400 3:401-750 3:401-750
11:201-400 4:401-600
Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 3 for each 300 females Over 600, add 1 fixture for each Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons
additional 500 males
Dormitories9 Male Female14 Male Female 1 per 8
School or Labor 1 per 10 1 per 8 1 per 25 1 per 12 1 per 12
Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males (over 10) and 1 for each additional 20 Over 150, add 1 fixture for each Over 150, add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 for each 15
females (over 8) additional 50 males additional females
Dormitories for Male Female14 1 per 50 Male Female 1 per 8
staff use 1:1-15 1:1-15 1 per 40 1 per 40
2:16-35 3:16-35
3:36-55 4:36-55
Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons
Dwellings
Single Dwelling 1 per dwelling 1 per dwelling 1 per dwelling
Multiple 1 per dwelling or apartment unit 1 per dwelling or apartment unit 1 per dwelling or apartment
Dwelling or Department unit
Hospital Waiting Rooms 1 per room 1 per room 1 per 7512

Hospital for employee use Male Female14 Male Female

1:1-15 1:1-15 0:1-9 1 per 40 1 per 40
2:16-35 2:16-35 1:10-50 Over 150, add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 for each 15
3:36-55 3:36-55 additional females
Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons Add 1 fixture for each additional 50
males
Hospitals 1 per 7512
Individual Room 1 per person 1 per room 1 per room
Ward Room 1 per 8 patients 1per 10 patients 1 per20 patients

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 410
- Plumbing
Fixtures
Required

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 410
- Plumbing
Fixtures
Required

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 410
- Plumbing
Fixtures
Required

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Section 410 - Plumbing Fixtures
Required
1. The figures shown are based upon one (1) fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons
indicated or any fraction thereof.
2. Building categories not shown on this table shall be considered separately by the Administrative Authority.
3. Drinking fountains shall not be installed in toilet rooms.
4. Laundry trays. One (1) laundry tray or one (1) automatic washer standpipe for each dwelling unit or two (2)
laundry trays or two automatic washer standpipes, or combination thereof, for each ten (10) apartments.
Kitchen sinks, one (1) for each dwelling or apartment unit.
5. As required by ANSI Z4.1, Sanitation in Places of Employment.
6. Where there is exposure to skin contamination with poisonous, infectious, or irritating materials, provide one
(1) lavatory for each five (5) persons.
7. Wide 609.6 mm or wash sink 457.2-mm diameter a circular basin, when provided with water outlets for such
space, shall be considered equivalent to one (1) lavatory.
8. Laundry trays, one (1) for each fifty (50) persons. Slop sinks, one for each 100 persons.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 410 - Plumbing Fixtures
Required
9. General: In applying this schedule of facilities, consideration must be given to the accessibility of the fixtures. Conformity
purely on a numerical basis may not result in an installation suited to the need of the individual establishment. For example,
schools should be provided with toilet facilities on each floor having classrooms. Temporary workingmen facilities, one (1)
water closet and one (1) urinal for each thirty- (30) workmen.
a. Surrounding materials wall ample floor space to a point 0.6 m in front of urinal lip and 1.2 m above the floor and at least 0.6 m
to each side of the urinal shall be lined with non-absorbent materials
b. Trough urinals are prohibited.
10. A restaurant is defined as a business, which sells food to be consumed on the premises.
a) The number of occupants for a drive-in restaurant shall be considered as equal to the number of parking stalls
b) Employee toilet facilities are not be included in the above restaurant requirements. Hand washing facilities must be available
in the kitchen for employees.
11. When food is consumed indoors, water stations may be substituted for drinking fountains. Theaters, auditoriums, dormitories,
offices, or public building for use by more than six (6) persons shall have one (1) drinking fountain for the first seventy-five
(75) persons and one (1) additional fountain for each one hundred and fifty (150) persons thereafter.
12. There shall be a minimum of one (1) drinking fountain per occupied floor in schools, theaters, auditoriums, dormitories,
offices or public building.
13. The total number of water closets for females shall be at least equal to the total number of water closets and urinals required
for males.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

CHAPTER 6 -
WATER SUPPLY
AND
DISTRIBUTION
 Section 601 Each plumbing fixture shall be provided with adequate
supply of potable water, running water. Water closets and urinals
shall be flushed by means of an approved flush tank or flushometer
valve. Faucets and diverters shall be connected to the hot and cold

Section 601 – water distribution fittings.

Section 602.1 No plumbing fixture, device, or construction shall be

Running installed or maintained or shall be connected to any domestic water
supply when such installation or connection may provide a
possibility of polluting such water supply or may provide a cross-
connection between potable water distributing system and water
Water which become contaminated by such plumbing fixture, device, or
construction, unless there is provided an indirect connection or a
backflow prevent device.

Required Section 602.2 No person shall make a connection or allow one to

exist between pipes or conduits carrying domestic water supplied by

Section 602 – any public or private water service system and any pipe

Section 602.3 No plumbing fixture, device or construction shall be

Unlawful installed or maintained or shall be connected to any domestic water

supply when such installation or connection may provide a
possibility of polluting such water supply or may provide a cross-
connection between potable water distributing system.

Connections Section 602.4 No water piping supplied by any private water supply
system shall be interconnected to an approved city water supply
system or any other source of supply without the approval of the
Administrative Authority.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
Section 603 – Cross-
Connection Control
603.2 Backflow Prevention Devices,
Assemblies and Methods
Valve Definition

the minimum airgap to provide backflow protection

Airgap
shall be in accordance with the plumbing code.

Atmospheric
consists of a body a checking member and an
Vacuum
atmospheric opening.
Breaker (AVB)

Double Check consists of two independently acting internally or

Valve Backflow externally loaded check valves, four properly located
Prevention test cocks with connectors and two isolation gate
Assembly (DC) valves.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 When not affected by When affected by
Item FIXTURES side walls1 side walls2
No. (1) mm mm
(2) (3)
1 Lavatories and other fixtures with effective openings3 not 25 38
greater than 13mm in diameter
2 Sinks, laundry trays, gooseneck bath, faucets and other 38 57
fixtures with effective openings3 not greater than 19 mm
MINIMUM in diameter
3 Over rim bath filters and other fixtures with effective 51 76
AIRGAPS FOR openings2 not greater than 25 m in diameter
Effective openings3 not greater than25 m in diameter
WATER 4 Two (2) times
diameter of effective
Three (3) times
diameter of
DISTRIBUTION opening effective opening
1. Side walls, ribs or similar obstructions do not affect airgaps when spaced from the inside edge of he spout opening a distance greater than three times the
diameter of the effective opening for a single wall, or a distance greater than four times the effective opening for a single wall, or a distance greater than four
times the effective opening for two intersecting walls.

2. Vertical walls, ribs or similar obstructions extending from the water surface to or above the horizontal plane or the spout opening other than specified in Note
1 above. The effect of three or more such vertical walls or walls has not been determined. In such cases the airgap shall be measured from the top of the wall.

3. The effective opening shall be the minimum cross-sectional area at the seat of the control valve or the supply pipe or tubing which feeds the device or outlet. If
two or more lines supply one outlet, the effective opening shall be the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the individual supply lines or the area of the single
outlet, whichever is smaller.

4. Airgap less than 25 mm shall only be approved as a permanent part of a listed assembly that has been tested under actual backflow conditions with vacuums
of from 0 to 63.5 cm. of mercury.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 603 – Cross-
Connection Control
603.2 Backflow Prevention Devices,
Assemblies and Methods
Valve Definition

Pressure
Vacuum
consists of a loaded air inlet valve, an internally loaded
Breaker
check valve, two properly located test cocks and two
Backflow
isolation gate valves.
Prevention
Assembly (PVB)

Reduced
Pressure consists of two independently acting internally loaded
Principle check valves, a differential pressure relief valve, four
Backflow properly located test cocks and two isolation gate
Prevention valves.
Assembly (RP)

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 BACKFLOW ASSEMBLIES, DEVICES AND METHODS

Item No. Description DEGREE OF HAZARD Function

Pollution Low Hazard Contamination High Hazard
Device Assembly or Method1 Back Siphonage Back Pressure Back Siphonage Back Pressure Installation2, 3

1 Airgap X X See table in this chapter

2 Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker X X Upright position. No valves downstream. Minimum of 150 mm or listed distance above all
downstream piping and flood level rim of receptor.
3 Double Check Valve Backflow Preventer X X Horizontal unless otherwise listed. Requires 30.5-cm minimum clearance at bottom for
maintenance. May need platform/ladder for test and repair. Does not discharge water.
4 Pressure Vacuum Breaker X X Upright position. May have valves downstream. Minimum of 30.5-cm above all downstream
piping and flood level rim of receptor. May discharge water.
5 Reduced Pressure X X X X Horizontal unless otherwise listed. Require 30.5-cm minimum clearance at bottom for
Principle maintenance. May need platform/ladder for test and repair. May discharge water.
Backflow Preventer
6 Spill-proof Pressure-Type Vacuum Breaker X X Upright position minute of six 152 mm or listed distance above all downstream piping and
flood rim of receptor.
1. See description of devices and assemblies in this chapter

2. Installation in pit or vault requires previous approval by the Administrative Authority.

3. Refer to general and specific requirements for installation.

4. Not be subjected to operating pressure for more than 12 hours in any 24 hour period.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Section 603.3 – General Requirements
General Requirements :
603.3.1 All assemblies shall conform to listed standards and acceptable to the Administrative Authority having jurisdiction
over the selection and installation of backflow prevention assemblies.

603.3.2The owner or responsible person shall have the backflow prevention assembly tested by a certified backflow assembly
tester at the time of installation, repair, relocation.

603.3.3Access and clearance shall be provided for the required testing, maintenance and repair. Access clearance shall have
a min. of 305 mm space between the lowest portion of the assembly and the grade floor.

603.3.4 Direct connections between potable water piping and sewer-connected wastes shall not exist under any condition
with or without backflow protection. Where potable water is discharge to the drainage system, it shall be by means of an
approved airgap of two (2) pipe diameters from the supply outlet and the top surface of the drainage inlet, but in no case shall
the gap be less than 25 mm. Connection may be made to the inlet side of a trap provided that an approved atmospheric
vacuum breaker is installed not less than 152 mm above the flood level rim of such trapped fixture, so that at no time will any
such device be subjected to any back pressure.

603.3.5 Backflow prevention for hot water over 43.3° C shall be a listed type assembly designed to operate at a temperature of
43.3° C or higher without rendering any portion of the assembly inoperative.

603.3.6 Fixtures, appliances or appurtenances with integral backflow preventers or integral airgaps manufactured as a unit
shall be installed in accordance with their listed requirements.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 603.4 – Specific
Requirements

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 DESCRIPTION APPROVED METHODS AND EQUIPMENTS
Water Closet and Urinal Equipped:
Flushometer Valves Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker – installed at the discharge side of the flushometer valve with the critical level at least
152 mm or the distance according to its listing above the overflow rim of a water closet or the highest part of the
urinal.
Water Closet and Urinal Tanks Equipped:
Ball Cock – Installed with the critical level at least 25 mm above full opening of the overflow pipe.
Water closets with flush valve – less than 25 mm above the flood level rim of the closet bowl, shall have the ballcock
installed in a separate and isolated compartment of the tank or provided with a sheathed ballcock.

Water Closet Flushometer Tanks Shall be protected against backflow

Heat Exchangers and other Potable water shall be separated from the fluids or gasses by a minimum of two separate walls, with a positive, vented
assemblies leak detection path.
Lawn Sprinkling Systems AVB installed on the discharge side of the last shutoff valve.
Case I:
If AVB cannot be installed due to piping elevations of valves, other approved backflow prevents shall be installed in
accordance of the Code.
Inlets to Tanks, Vats, Sumps, AVB installed in the discharge side of the last valve with the critical level of not less than 152 mm or in accordance
Swimming Pools and other with its listing above the flood level rim of such equipment and all downstream piping.
receptors
Water supply inlets not protected by AVB shall be protect with approved Airgaps.

If both AVB and Airgaps are not installed an approved type of backflow preventers suitable against the possible of
contamination or pollution.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
 DESCRIPTION APPROVED METHODS AND EQUIPMENTS
Potable Water Outlets with Hose Equipped:
attachments (Except Water Non-removable hosebibb-type backflow preventer or AVB installed at least 152 mm above highest point of usage and
Heater Drains and Clothes located on the discharge side of the last valve.
Washer Connections)

Cooled Compressors, Degreasers Equipped:

or other water-cooled equipment Backflow preventer

Water Inlets to Water Supplied Equipped:

Aspirators AVB mounted at least 152 mm above the aspirator unit or Backflow preventer.

Discharge shall be drained through an airgap, located above the flood level rim of the fixture.

Potable Water Make-Up Equipped:

Connections to Steam or Hot Backflow protection assembly
Water Boilers

Non-potable Water Piping No drinking or domestic outlets shall be connected to non-potable line

Non-potable line shall be exposed and properly identified. Each outlet of non-potable line shall have it posted
“DANGER-UNSAFE WATER”

Potable Water Supply to Equipped:

Carbonators Backflow protection device
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
Section 604 – Materials

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Water Supply Pipes Allowed in the Code
1. Brass
2. Copper
3. Centrifugal Cast Iron (CCI)
4. B & S and F & F ends
5. Ductile Cast Iron (DCI)
6. Galvanized Wrought Iron
7. Galvanized Steel
8. PE or PVC Water Pressured Pipe
9. CPVC

Cast Iron Fittings 51 mm and below and All small-sized malleable iron water
fittings shall be galvanized when used as potable water pipe.

Piping and tubing which has been used previously by any purpose except
water supply shall not be used.

Water pipes and fittings with a lead content that exceeds eight (8) percent
shall be prohibited and not used in potable piping systems.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Type of Valve Parameters
Section 605 - Brass 51 mm > d
Valves Cast Iron or Brass Bodies 51 mm < d

Fullway Gate Valve -Installed on discharge side of each water meter and
• All control shutoff or on each unmetered water supply
control valves shall be -Valve Controlling Two or More Openings
accessible.
Control Gate Valves -Installed before each water-supplied appliance slip
joint, supply piping for non-metallic fixture and
appliance

Single Control Valve -Installed in a water supply line ahead of any

automatic metering valve which supplies a battery of
fixtures

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Valves
Valve Definition Image

A valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disc
fitted against machine-smoothed faces, at right angle to the direction of
Gate Valve flow. The disk is raised or lowered by means of a threaded stem
connected to the handle of the valve. The opening in the valve is usually
as large as the full bore of the pipe.

Backflow Preventer A device means to prevent flow of liquid from returning to the source of
(Vacuum Breaker) supply

A valve in which the flow of fluid is cut off by means of a circular disc
that fits over and against the horizontal valve seat. The movement of the
Globe Valve plane disc is parallel to the normal direction of the flow of water through
the orifice resulting to a tortuous passage which offers a high-pressure
loss.
Engr.
Engr. RayRay Francis
Francis Ralota,
Ralota, CE, RMP,
CE, RMP, SE
SE, MSSE
Section 606 – Gravity
Supply Tanks
606.1 Elevated or gravity storage
tanks for potable water supply shall
be tightly covered to keep out
unauthorized persons, dirt and
vermin. The covers of the tank shall
be vented with a return-bend vent
pipe having an area not less than the
area of the down-feed riser pipe. The
vent shall be screened with a fine
corrosion-resistant screen with
openings not less than 14 nor more
than 18 mess per 25 mm.

606.2 Potable water inlets to gravity

tanks shall be controlled by a float
valve, float switch or electrode-type
water level control to prevent the tank
from overflowing.

606.3 Gravity tanks shall be provided

with a valved drain pipe and an
overflow pipe screened.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
Section 607 – Water Pressure, Pressure
Regulators and Pressure Relief Valves
607.1 Inadequate water pressure - Whenever the water pressure in the main or other
source of supply will not provide a water of at least 103 kPa, after allowing friction and
other pressure losses, a hydro-pneumatic pressure tank or an elevated tank and booster
pump will provide said 103 kPa.

607.2 Excessive water pressure - Where the local water pressure is in excess of 551 kPa, an
approved-type of pressure regulator preceded by an adequately sized strainer shall be
installed to reduce the pressure on the building side of the regulator to the required supply
pressure. Approved regulators with integral bypasses are acceptable. Each such regulator
and strainer shall be accessibly located and have the strainer readily accessible for cleaning
without removing the regulator or strainer body or disconnection the supply piping. All
pipe size determinations shall be based on 80% of the reduced pressure when using Table
6-6

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 609 – Size of
Potable Water Piping
609.1 The size of the water meter and the immediate piping from the
meter or from other source of unmetered water supply to the risers,
fixture supply branches, fixture connections, outlets or other uses shall be
based on the total water demand and shall be determined according to
the methods and procedures outlined

609.2 Whenever a water filter, water softener or similar water treating

device, backflow prevention device or similar are installed the pressure
loss through such devices must be included in the pressure loss
calculations of the system and water supply pipe shall be adequately
sized to provide for such pressure losses.

609.2.1 No water filter, water softener, backflow prevention device or

similar devices regulated by this Code shall be installed in any potable
water supply piping when the diameter of the inlet and/or outlet of any
such device or its connecting pipings are less than the diameter of the
water supply distribution piping, or when the installation of such devices
produces excessive pressure drop in the water supply piping system.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 609 – Size of
Potable Water Piping FLOW, LITERS PRESSURE DROP
PER SECOND
609.2.2 All such devices shall be of types
approved by the Administrative Authority and
tested for flow ratings and pressure losses by an
approved laboratory or recognized testing
agency against standards consistent with this
Chapter. The maximum rated flow and the 0.32 - (kPa)
pressure loss shall be stamped legibly on the
device or on a metal label, permanently 0.63 - (kPa)
attached with the device, and shall be in the
following form
0.95 - (kPa)

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Number of Water Supply Fixture Units (WSFU)
Item No. FIXTURE
Private Use Public Use

1 Bar Sink 1 2

2 Bathtub (With or Without Shower Over) 2 4

609.3 The quantity 3

5
Bidet

Dental Unit or Cuspidor

Drinking Fountain (each faucet)

2

1
-
4

of water required 6

7
Hose Bibb or sill cock (standard type)

Laundry Tub or Clothes Washer (each pair of faucets)

3

2
5

to be supplied to 8

9
Lavatory

Lavatory (dental)
1

1
2

every plumbing 10

11
Lawn sprinklers (standard type, each head)

Mobile home (each)

1

6
1

fixture shall be 12 Shower (each head) 2 4

13 Sink (bar) 1 2

14 Sink (flushing rim clinic) - 10

represented by 15

16
Sink or dishwasher

Sink (wash-up circular spray)

2

-
4

“Fixture Units” 17

18
Sink (wash-up, each set of faucets)

Urinal (flush tank)

-

-
2

(FU), as shown in 19

20
Urinal (pedestal or similar type)

Urinal (stall)
-

-
10

Table 6-5.
21 Urinal (wall) - 5

22 Water Closet (flush tank) 3 5

23 Water closet (economical flush) 2.5 4

24 Water Closet (flushometer-tank) 3 5

Water Closet *(flushometer valve) *

Water supply outlets for items not listed above shall be computed at their *
maximum demand but in case less than:

a – 9.5 mm 1 2
25
b – 13 mm 2 4
c – 19 mm 3 6

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE d – 25 mm 6 10

Section 609.7 Size of Water Meter
and Building Supply Pipe Using Table
6-6

Size of Water Meter and Building Supply pipe

-knowing the available pressure at the water meter or other source of supply, and after
subtracting 9.79 kPa per meter of difference in elevation between such source of supply and
highest water supply outlet in the building, use the “PRESSURE RANGE” group within which
this pressure will fall.

-Select the “Length” column which is equal to or longer than the required length. Follow down
the column to a fixture unit value equal to or greater than the total number of fixture units
required by the installation.

-Having located the proper fixture unit value for the required length, sizes of meter and
building supply pipe will be found in the two left-handed columns.

NO BUILDING WATER SERVICE PIPE SHALL BE LESS THAN 19MM IN DIAMETER.

1 PSI = 6.895 kPa

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 PRESSURE RANGE – 207 to 310 kPa (30 t0 45 psi)
Meter and Building Supply and
Item No.
Street Service Branches
Maximum Allowable Length in meters

mm mm 12 18 24 30 46 61 76 91 122 152 183 213 244 274 305

1 19 13 6 5 4 3* 2* 1* 1* 1* 0* 0* 0* 0* 0* 0* 0*
2 19 19 16 16 14* 12* 9* 6* 5* 5* 4* 4* 3* 2* 2* 2* 1*
3 19 25 29 25 23 21 17 15 13 12 10 8 6 6 6 6 6
4 25 25 36 31 27 25 20 17 15 13 12 10 8 9 6 6 6
5 25 32 54 47 42 38 32 28 25 23 29 17 14 12 12 11 11
6 38 32 78 68 57 48 38 32 28 25 21 18 15 12 12 11 11
7 38 38 150 124 105 91 70 57 49 45 36 31 26 23 21 20 20
8 51 38 151 129 129 110 80 64 53 46 38 32 27 23 21 20 20
9 38 51 220 205 190 176 155 138 127 120 104 85 70 61 57 54 51
10 51 51 370 327 292 265 217 185 164 147 125 96 70 61 57 54 51
11 51 64 445 418 390 370 330 300 280 265 240 220 198 175 158 143 133

Table 6-6 FIXTURE UNIT TABLE FOR DETERMINING WATER PIPE AND METER SIZES

• 1 psi = 6.895 kPa

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Water Supply Systems

Fixture Units vs Demand (l/s)
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Section 612 Hangers and straps shall not compress, distort, cut
or abrade the piping and allow free movement of pipe.

Section 613 Supporting all pipes at intervals of not more than

four (4) feet (1219 mm) at end of branches and at change of
direction or elevation.
Section 612 Support shall allow free movement but shall restrict upward
movement of lateral runs to avoid reverse grade. Vertical piping
Section 613 shall be supported at each story or floor level and its alignment
shall be maintained between floors with the use of a mid-story
and Section guide. Support trap arms in excess of three (3) feet (914 mm) in
length as close as possible to the trap.

614 Section 614 Thrust Blocking

Thrust Blocks shall be installed at all:
1. Changes in direction, as at tees and bends;
2. Changes in size, as at reducers
3. Stops, as at dead ends
4. Valves, where thrusts may be expected
Thrust Blocking

• Source: Kentucky Department of

Environmental Protection, (KYDEP)

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Chapter 7 –
Excreta Drainage
System

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
 Drainage System
Flood level rim is the top edge of receptacle from where water overflows.

Air gap is an obstructed

vertical distance through the
free atmosphere between the
lowest opening from any pipe
or faucet conveying potable
water to the flood level rim of
any tank, vat or fixture.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Drainage System
Description Definition Keywords
That part of the lowest horizontal piping of a drainage system which receives the
From the point of
discharge from soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside the wall of the
discharge to 0.6
Building Drain building and conveys it to the building sewer beginning 0.6 meter outside the
meter outside
building wall.
the building wall

That part of the horizontal piping of a drainage system which starts from the end
End of the
of the building drain, and which receives the discharge of the building drain and
building drain or
Building Sewer conveys it to a public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage disposal system or
0.6 meter from
other point of disposal.
the building wall

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE

 Drainage System
Valve Definition Image

A non-watertight lined excavation in the ground which receives the

discharge of a sanitary drainage system or part thereof, designed to
Cesspool retain the organic matter and solids discharging therefrom, but
permitting the liquid to seep through the bottom and sides of the
cesspool.

A receptacle in which liquids are retained for a sufficient period of time

Catch Basin
to allow settleable material to deposit.

A water-tight receptacle which receives the discharge of a sanitary

plumbing system or part thereof, designed and constructed to retain
solids, digest organic matter through a period of detention and to allow
Septic Tank
the liquids to discharge into the soil outside the tank through a system of
open-jointed sub-surface pipings or a seepage pit meeting the
requirements of this code.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE
 Drainage System
Valve Definition Image

Privy and Privy An outhouse or structure used for the deposition of excrement and the
Vault vault is beneath the privy where excrement collects

An approved tank or pit which receives sewage or wastewater and is

Sump Pit located below the normal grade of the gravity system and must be
emptied by mechanical means

A large opening in a sewer line or part of a plumbing system constructed

Manhole with sufficient size for a man to gain access therein for maintenance
purposes and facility for changes of line and/or grade of pipeline.

Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE

Other Important Definitions of Drainage System
Back Siphonage is the flowing back of used, contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing
fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to negative pressure in such pipe.

Downspout / Leader is the vertical portion of a rainwater conductor.

Drainage System includes all the piping within public or private premises which convey sewage or
other liquid wastes to a legal point of disposal but does not include the mains of a public sewer
system or a public sewage treatment or disposal plant.

Durham System a term used to describe soil or waste system where all piping are of threaded pipe,
tubing or other such rigid construction using recessed drainage fittings to correspond to the types
of piping.

Grease Trap is a device designed to retain grease from one to a maximum of four fixtures

Grade is the slope or fall of a line of a pipe with reference to a horizontal plane. In drainage, it is
usually expressed as the fall in centimeters per meter or percentage slope of pipe.
Plumbing Unit has a minimum standard quantity of plumbing fixtures that discharges wastes into a
plumbing installation including: one (1) water meter, one (1) water closet, one (1) lavatory, one (1)
shower head and drain for a bathtub or shower stall, one (1) kitchen sink, one (1) laundry tray and
three (3) floor drains and four (4) faucets/hose bibb.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE
Other Important Definitions of Drainage System
Back Siphonage is the flowing back of used, contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing
fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to negative pressure in such pipe.

Downspout / Leader is the vertical portion of a rainwater conductor.

Drainage System includes all the piping within public or private premises which convey sewage or
other liquid wastes to a legal point of disposal but does not include the mains of a public sewer
system or a public sewage treatment or disposal plant.

Durham System a term used to describe soil or waste system where all piping are of threaded pipe,
tubing or other such rigid construction using recessed drainage fittings to correspond to the types
of piping.

Grease Trap is a device designed to retain grease from one to a maximum of four fixtures

Grade is the slope or fall of a line of a pipe with reference to a horizontal plane. In drainage, it is
usually expressed as the fall in centimeters per meter or percentage slope of pipe.
Plumbing Unit has a minimum standard quantity of plumbing fixtures that discharges wastes into a
plumbing installation including: one (1) water meter, one (1) water closet, one (1) lavatory, one (1)
shower head and drain for a bathtub or shower stall, one (1) kitchen sink, one (1) laundry tray and
three (3) floor drains and four (4) faucets/hose bibb.
Engr. Ray Francis Ralota, CE, RMP, SE, MSSE