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BASKETBALL
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Submitted by: Kylle A. Milvar
BORCELLE Home About
BASKETBALL
- a sport played by two teams of five players
on a rectangular court
- one of the world's most popular and widely
viewed sports
-a team can score a field goal by shooting the ball
through the basket during regular
play
Home HISTORY OF
BASKETBALL
• December 1891
Canadian American Dr. James Naismith, a physical
education professor and instructor at the International
Young Men's Christian Association Training School (YMCA)
(today, Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts,
USA), was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy
dav
• Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball The
first balls made specifically for basketball were brown, and
it was only in the late 1950s that Tony Hinkle, searching for
a ball that would be more visible to players and
spectators alike, introduced the orange ball that is now in
common use
Home HISTORY OF
BASKETBALL
• Dribbling was not part of the original game except for the
"bounce pass" to teammates Passing the ball was the
primary means of ball movement Dribbling was
eventually introduced but limited by the asymmetric
shape of early balls
• Influenced by the children's game named
Duck on a Rock The first official game was played in the
YMCA gymnasium in Albany, New York on January 20, 1892
with nine players By 1897-1898 teams of five became
standard
BORCELLE
BASIC SKILLS
• Positioning
• Shooting
• Rebounding
• Passing
• Dribbling
• Blocking
POSITIONING
-since the 1980s, more specific positions have evolved,
namely:
• Point guard: usually the fastest player on the team,
organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball and
making sure that it gets to the right player at the right
time.
• Shooting guard: creates a high volume of shots on
offense, mainly long-ranged; and guards the opponent's
best perimeter player on defense.
• Small forward: often primarily responsible for scoring
points via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration; on
defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes
plays more actively.
POSITIONING
• Power forward: plays offensively often with their back to
the basket; on defense, plays under the basket (in a
zone defense) or against the opposing power forward
(in man-to-man defense).
• Center: uses height and size to score (on offense), to
.
protect the basket closely (on defense), or to rebound
the ball is usually shot by jumping (though not always)
and extending the shooting arm
the shooting arm, fully extended with the wrist fully bent,
is held stationary for a moment following the release of
the ball, known as a follow-through
players may shoot directly into the basket or may use
the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball the backboard to redirect the ball into the basket
through the basket, methods varying with players and
situations
a player faces the basket with both feet facing the basket
A player will rest the ball on the fingertips of the dominant
hand (the shooting arm) slightly above the head, with the
other hand supporting the side of the ball
SHOOTING
TYPES OF SHOOTING
JUMPSHOT LAY-UP SLAM DUNK
REBOUNDING
the objective of rebounding is to successfully gain
possession of the basketball after a missed field goal
or free throw, as it rebounds from the hoop or
backboard
this plays a major role in the game, as most
possessions end when a team misses a shot
2 Categories in Rebounding
1. Offensive Rebounds
2. Defensive Rebounds
Offensive Rebounds
- in which the ball is recovered by the offensive side and
does not change possession
Defensive Rebounds
- in which the defending team gains possession of the
loose ball
PASSING
a method of moving the ball between players
most passes are accompanied by a step forward to
increase power and are followed through with the
hands to ensure accuracy
6 TYPES OF PASS
1. Chest Pass
2. Bound Pass
3. Overhead Pass
4. Outlet Pass
5. No-look Pass
6. Behind-the-back Pass
CHEST PASS OVERHEADPASS BOUND PASS
OUTLET PASS NO LOOK PASS BEHIND THE BACK
PASS
DRIBBLING
the act of bouncing the ball continuously with one
hand, and is a requirement for a player to take steps
with the ball
a player pushes the ball down towards the ground
with the fingertips rather than patting it; this ensures
greater control
BLOCKING
- performed when, after a shot is attempted, a defender
succeeds in altering the shot by touching the ball
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13 RULES OF BASKETBALL -
WRITTEN BY JAMES
NAISMITH
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1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never
with the fist.
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on
which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good
speed.
4. The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used
for holding it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking tripping in any way of an
opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a
foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there
was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No
substitution shall be allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described
in Rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it score count as a goal for the opponents
(consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul).
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket
and stays there, providing those defending the goal do no touch or disturb the goal. If the
ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first
person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The
thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent
10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the
referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify
men according to Rule
11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in
play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall
decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any
other duties that are usually performed by a referee.
12.The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest
between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner.
FOULS AND
VIOLATIONS
• Personal Fouls: The rule for a personal foul is a little ambiguous and it
depends on the referee whether he thinks if the action was serious or not. A
personal foul is said to have been committed when an unfair disadvantage is
caused to an opposition player through unnecessary physical contact like
Hitting, Pushing, Slapping, Holding and etc.
• Technical Fouls: When a player shows dissent towards a referee or a player,
or shows unsportsmanlike conduct during the course of the game, it is known
as a technical foul. Repeated incidents of technical foul will also result in the
ejection of the player. The number of technical fouls to be committed by a
player before he is ejected also depends upon the discretion of the referee.
• Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he
gets two free throws if his shot doesn't go in, b only one free throw if his shot
does go in.
Three free throws: are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a
three-point goal and they miss their shot. If a player fouled while shooting
a three-point shot and makes it anyway, he is awarded one free throw.
Thus, he could score four points on the play.
Inbounds: If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul
was committed upon. They get the ball at the nearest side or baseline, out
of bounds, and have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the court.
One & one: If the team committing the foul has seven or more fouls in the
game, then the player who was fouled is awarded one free throw. If he
makes his first shot, then he is awarded another free throw.
• Ten or more fouls: If the team committing the foul has ten or more fouls,
then the fouled player receives two free throws.
• Charging: An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs
over a defensive player. The ball is given to the team that the force was
committed upon.
• Blocking: Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not
establishing position in time to prevent an opponent's drive to the basket.
• Flagrant foul. Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking,
and punching: This type of foul results in free throws plus the offense retaining
possession of the ball after the free throws.
VIOLATIONS
• Walking/Traveling: Taking more than 'a step and a hair without dribbling the
ball is traveling. Moving your pivo once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.
• Carrying/palming: When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to
the side of or, sometimes, even under the ball.
• Double Dribble: Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same
time or picking up the dribble and then dribbling again is a double dribble.
• Held ball: Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of
the ball at the same time. In order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent tussle,
the referee stops the action and awards the ball to one team or the other on a
rotating basis.
Goaltending: If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down
toward the basket, while it's on way up toward the basket after having touched the
backboard, or while it's in the cylinder above the rim, it's goaltending and the shot
counts. If committed by an offer player, it's a violation and the ball is awarded to the
oppo: team for a throw-in.
Backcourt violation: Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line,
they cannot go back across the line during possession. If they do, the ball is awarded
to the other team to pass inbounds.
Time restrictions: A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the
ball. If he does not, then the ball is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions
include the rule that a player cannot have the ball for more than five seconds when
being closely guarded and, in some states and levels, shot-clock restrictions
requiring a team to attempt a shot within a given time frame.
Overtime: If the score is tied at the end of regulation time, an extra period is
played to determine the winner. This period is a "overtime." The length of the extra
period depends on the league/level. Overtime begins with a "jump ball" and ends
when the allotted time has expired. The team with the most points at the end of
the extra period is the winner. If the score remains tied at the end of overtime, then
another period will be played; this process will continue until a winner can be
determined.
Moving the Ball: There are two ways to move the basketball: The pass and the
dribble. Passing-the intentional transfer of the ball from one player to another— is
the preferred option, because it is the fastest way to move the ball and involves
team work. The dribble-the continuous bouncing of the ball on the floor-on the
other hand, is an individual act. While it can be necessary in certain situations,
dribbling too often can easily get a player into trouble.
Rough Play: Dr. James Naismith, the inventor of basketball, despi: the rough-play
tactics rampant in sports like football rugby. Thus, when inventing basketball he
did his best to create a sport that discouraged excessive roughness. The modern
rules reflect his desire. By rule, basketball is a non-contact sport. This does not
mean that any physical contact between opponents is illegal. What it does mean
however, is that players are not allowed to engage in rough/excessive physical
contact and/or use contact to gain a competitive advantage on the opponent.
Scoring: A team scores by throwing or dropping the ball through the opponent's
hoop from above. An attempt to score is called a shot. Each time a player
successfully puts the ball through tr hoop their team is awarded one, two, or three
points. The number of points given for each successful shot depends on type of
shot. Below is a breakdown of the different shot values.
Foul Shot/Free Throw: The referee will grant a foul shot to a player
who is fouled while in the act of shooting. A successful free throw is
worth one point.
2 Point: Any shot taken within the area between the end line and the
three point arc is worth two points if it goes in.
3 Pointer: Any successful shot taken behind the three-point line is
worth three points.
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