1. What is the localization of the fester is the most common in acute paraproctitis?

A. subcutaneous
B. submucosal
C. retro-rectal
D. ischiorectal
E. pelviorectal

2. Which of the following is the most likely COMPLICATION of ACUTE APPENDICITIS?

A. appendicular infiltration
B. acute phlegmonous appendicitis
C. acute catarrhal appendicitis
D. thrombosis of mesenteric vessels
E. appendicular colic

3. What METHOD of RESEARCH plays a leading role in the diagnosis of liver echinococcosis?

A. ultrasound
B. serological tests
C. biochemical blood tests
D. clinical and anamnestic data
E. X-ray examination

4. Which of the following is the most likely reason for the development of a VARIOUS EXTENSION OF
LOWER EXTREMITIES?

A. violation of the valve apparatus of the veins

B. violation of the blood coagulation system
C. violation of arterial blood flow in the limb
D. heart failure
E. violation of water-salt metabolism

5. What is the most common clinical and morphological form of acute pancreatitis?

A. acute fatty pancreatic necrosis

B. acute hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis
C. pancreatic abscess
D. pancreatic cyst
E. acute edematous pancreatitis

6. A 46-year-old man was hospitalized with clinical signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. On EGD
(esophagogastroduodenoscopy) in the stomach cavity "coffee grounds", in the cardiac section there are
linear tears of the mucous membrane without signs of continued bleeding.

What tactics are most justified in the treatment of Mallory-Weiss syndrome?

A. emergency surgery
B. the Blakemore tube
C. conservative treatment
D. endoscopic coagulation
E. endoscopic injection method of hemostasis

7. A 45-year-old man complained of weakness, dizziness, multiple liquid black stools. History of peptic
ulcer disease for 5 years. On examination, the abdomen is soft. What is the most EFFECTIVE method of
investigation for ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding?
 A. overview radiography of the abdominal cavity
B. fibrogastroduodenoscopy
C. endoscopic retrograde cholangiography
D. computer tomography
E. pneumocystography

8. The man, 59 years old, was hospitalized with a diagnosis of Acute pancreatitis. From the anamnesis:
suffering a peptic ulcer of the duodenum for about 10 years. In recent years, often concerned about
pain in the epigastrium radiating to the back, sometimes encircling. What is the complication of peptic
ulcer disease is MOST often simulates the clinical picture of acute pancreatitis?

A. malignization
B. bleeding
C. perforation
D. penetration
E. stenosis

9. The man, 49 years old, suffers from duodenal ulcer for about 15 years, was hospitalized in the surgical
Department with a diagnosis of Acute pancreatitis. Examined by a Professor who recommended x-rays
of the stomach.

What x-ray sign IS most characteristic of penetrating ulcers?

A. deep ulcer Niche

B. snail-like stomach
C. cascade stomach
D. flat ulcer Niche
E. pneumoperitoneum

10. A man of 35 years, taken for surgery 8 hours after the infringement of the inguinal hernia. During the
operation, viable two loops of the small intestine were found in the hernia sac. After dissection of the
infringing ring, the connecting loop of the intestine is located in the abdominal cavity.

What type of infringement IS most likely?

A. parietal incarcerated
B. retrograde
C. Richter's
D. sliding
E. fecal

11. A man of 35 years, complains of the presence of a tumor-like formation in the right inguinal region.
When examining the patient in a vertical position, the formation of an oblong shape, soft-elastic. In the
horizontal position of the patient, the formation is independently adjusted into the abdominal cavity.

Which of these diagnoses is MOST likely?

A. lymphadenitis
B. hernia
C. varicocele
D. hydrocele
E. lipoma
12. The patient is 45 years old, after exercise appeared cramping pain throughout the abdomen. Over
time, there were nausea, vomiting and bloating, ceased to waste gases. This symptom complex is MOST
likely in?

A. perforated stomach ulcer

B. acute pancreatitis
C. acute appendicitis
D. acute intestinal obstruction
E. acute cholecystitis

13. A woman of 30 years, complains of frequent, up to 6-8 times a day, liquid stools mixed with blood,
mucus, pus; pain and flatulence throughout the abdomen. Considers himself sick for 1 month, lost
weight by 5 kg. Notes General weakness, decreased performance. After a cleansing enema, the rectum
was examined with a finger, blood on the glove and rectoromanoscopy up to 15 cm - the mucous
membrane is loose, completely covered with erosions and small ulcers up to 0.5 cm in diameter,
bleeding.

Which of the following is the most likely preliminary diagnosis?

A. enterocolitis
B. tumor of the caecum
C. erosive proctosigmoiditis
D. ulcerative colitis
E. irritable bowel syndrome}

14. A man of 40 years, complains of discomfort in the anus, bleeding after defecation. From history
suffering from constipation. When viewed on the 11 o'clock conventional dial is determined soft-elastic
formation.

Which of these preliminary diagnoses is MOST likely?

A. acute paraproctitis
B. proctosigmoiditis
C. hemorrhoids
D. ulcerative colitis
E. syphilitic gumma

15. The most characteristic laboratory signs of Crohn's disease in UAC:

A. leukocytosis, anemia, decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hyperproteinemia

B. thrombocytosis, left shift of leukocyte formula
C. leukocytosis, anemia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hypoproteinemia
D. decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hyperproteinemia
E. anemia, thrombocytosis, hypoproteinemia

16. The patient is 46 years old and is in hospital with a diagnosis of “Abscess of the right lung”. On the
second day, the patient's condition worsened sharply. Dyspnea intensified, hemoptysis appeared. The
bleeding stopped on its own. What tactics of patient management is most appropriate for a repeated
episode of pulmonary hemorrhage?

A. drainage of the pleural cavity.

B. drainage of the abscess cavity
C. pulmonectomy
D. hemostatic therapy
E. therapeutic bronchoscopy
17. A man is 28 years old, with an X-ray examination revealed lung collapse in half the volume.
Diagnosed with Subtotal pneumothorax on the left.

Which of the following treatment measures is the MOST effective?

A. drainage of the pleural cavity

B. symptomatic treatment
C. pleural puncture with aspiration of air
D. immediate thoracotomy
E. thoracoscopy

18. The patient is 63 years old, has grade III ischemia on his left leg. During auscultation, systolic murmur
is heard over the aorta and its branches.

QUALIFICATION METHOD?

A. Seldinger angiography
B. transluminated lower aortography
C. transluminated upper aortography
D. bronchoscopy
E. ultrasound procedure}

19. A patient with varicose veins of the lower extremities turned to the surgeon in the clinic with
complaints of a painful seal on the lower leg, hyperemia, swelling, pain when walking, as well as a
subfibrile temperature. According to the patient, the above complaints appeared after a holiday in the
mountains.

Which of the following diagnoses is MOST likely?

A. phlegmon
B. lymphadenitis
C. thrombophlebitis
D. erysipelas
E. allergic dermatitis}

20. The patient is 30 years old, entered the emergency room of traumatology with complaints of pain,
numbness, cold in the left upper limb, as well as restriction in movement in the fingers of the hand.
From the anamnesis, the patient consumed alcohol during the day, after which he lay on his left side for
a day. On examination, the left upper limb is cold, pale in color, pulsation on the brachial artery is not
determined. Which of the following is the most likely preliminary diagnosis?

A. embolism
B. thromboembolism
C. thrombosis
D. crash syndrome
E. peripheral spasm

21. A woman of 58 years complains of persistent constipation for 3 months. The first time helped
laxatives, then moved on enemas. The last 2 weeks do not help enemas, the water returns almost clean.
In the left half of the abdomen appeared heaviness, rumbling, stabbing pain. Pathological impurities in
the feces have not been noted once. In her youth she suffered from acute dysentery, 10 years ago she
was diagnosed with colitis, she was not systematically treated. On examination: satisfactory nutrition,
the usual color of the skin, the abdomen is moderately distended. Palpation of the left half of the
abdomen, especially at the level of the navel, is painful. no peritoneal irritation. Which of these
preliminary diagnoses is most likely?
 A. obstruction of the lumen of the large intestine with Ascaris
B. cancer of the descending part of the colon
C. exacerbation of chronic colitis
D. compression of the colon from the outside
E. tuberculosis of the colon

22. A patient with chronic atrophic gastritis for 10 years is on the dispensary account of the therapist. He
showed up for a checkup. No complaints.

The most informative method of examination in this case?

A. examination of gastric juice

B. blood test
C. urine examination
D. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
E. CT scan

23. The most characteristic symptom for cancer of the pyloric part of the stomach?

A. intoxication
B. compression
C. destruction
D. obturation
E. fever

24. The most acceptable method of treatment for cancer in the esophagus?

A. immunotherapy
B. symptomatic
C. chemoradiotherapy
D. radical surgery
E. palliative surgery

25. A 59-year-old patient was hospitalized for diffuse toxic goiter. Preoperative preparation is carried
out in the surgical Department. Which group of drugs is the most preferable to reduce the hormonal
activity of the thyroid gland?

A. electrolytes
B. anticoagulants
C. antihistamine drug
D. iodine preparations in combination with thyrostatic preparations
E. antibiotics in combination with absorbable drugs

26. A 46-year-old patient underwent Subtotal strumectomy for thyrotoxic goiter. In the postoperative
period, there is hoarseness of the voice, the act of swallowing is not violated. Body temperature-36.4 C,
pulse-82 beats per 1 minute, white blood shows - 8, 6x109/l. What is the most likely complication
developed in the postoperative period?

A. the discovered tracheal stenosis

B. thyrotoxic crisis
C. iatrogenic damage to the recurrent nerve
D. postoperative hypothyroidism
E. suppuration of the postoperative wound
27. X-ray examination of the stomach revealed a deep ulcerative "Niche" with uneven protruding edges
over the mucous membrane, while the stomach itself has acquired a cascade shape. What complication
of peptic ulcer disease IS most likely?

A. these signs have no diagnostic value

B. on the development of hypertrophic gastritis
C. exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease
D. about the penetration of ulcers in the left lobe of the liver
E. on the malignancy of ulcers}

28. A woman of 70 years, came with complaints about the presence of painful hernial protrusion in the
navel, which is not independently set. On examination, the cyanosis of the skin over the protrusion is
noted. History of diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease. What tactics of management of the patient
IS most expedient?

A. observation in the Department of surgery

B. emergency operation
C. operation in a planned manner
D. urgent operation
E. outpatient observation

29. A man of 60 years, entered the planned surgical treatment for oblique inguinal hernia. Which of
these methods of plastic surgery IS most appropriate?

A. Mayo technique
B. Bassini technique
C. Sapezhko technique
D. Gerard-Spasokukotsky technique
E. Kukudzhanov technique

30. The patient is 57 years old, was admitted to the clinic of mechanical intestinal obstruction. From the
anamnesis for the last 2 months I lost weight by 8 kg. when palpation of the abdomen in the right iliac
region, a fixed tumor-like formation of a dense bumpy consistency is determined.

To clarify the diagnosis, it is most advisable to prescribe?

A. irrigoscopy
B. EGD
C. Computer Tomography
D. overview radiography of the abdominal cavity
E. Abdominal ultrasound

31. The man is 47 years old, diagnosed with acute subcutaneous paraproctitis. Which of the following is
the most priority method of treatment?

A. physiotherapy
B. surgical treatment
C. immunostimulants
D. antibacterial therapy
E. disintoxication therapy

32. Have 20-year-old sick on backdrop of a long stress emerged bloody diarrhea with frequency for clock
until 20 times. In endoscopic examination, the mucous membrane in the form of a "sponge" is pink,
thick, porous, the pores are filled with blood, profuse bleeding. What disease can be diagnosed based on
the clinic and blood tests?
 A. Crohn disease
B. acute intestinal obstruction
C. ulcerative colitis
D. anal fissure
E. aganglionic megacolon

33. Patient K., 25 years old, was operated on for acute gangrenous appendicitis. In the postoperative
period, there were abdominal pain, false urges, a slight increase in temperature to 38.50 C. according to
blood tests, leukocytosis is noted to 16, 0x109/l, ESR-32 mm/h, moderate anemia.

Which of these methods of examination is most appropriate to appoint?

A. overview radiography of the abdominal cavity

B. passage of barium on the gastrointestinal tract
C. CT of the abdomen
D. irrigoscopy
E. colonoscopy

34. The man, 48 years old, was diagnosed with echinococcosis of the right lobe of the liver. What are
the most radical therapeutic tactics to determine?

A. chemotherapy
B. echinococcectomy
C. radiation therapy
D. puncture drainage of echinococcal cavity
E. UFO blood

35. The most characteristic symptom complexes of Crohn's disease with damage to the esophagus

A. regurgitation, hyposalivation, dizziness

B. dysphagia, pain in the epigastric region
C. dysphagia, hypersalivation, regurgitation, chest pain
D. hyposalivation, abdominal pain, food obstruction
E. increase in blood pressure, pain behind the sternum, weight loss

36. The patient was operated on with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis. During the audit in the
abdominal cavity there is a turbid liquid with fibrin overlays with a smell. Which of the following is the
MOST likely type of peritonitis by the nature of the effusion?

A. serous fibrinous
B. fibrinous
C. serous
D. purulent-fibrinous
E. purulent

37. A man, 30 years old, suffering from an echinococcal cyst of the liver developed pain throughout his
stomach, more in the right half. Deterioration is associated with a fall from a horse. Ultrasound
determines the free fluid in the abdominal cavity. Which of the following complications of liver
echinococcosis is MOST probable in this case?

A. traumatic shock
B. bleeding into the cyst
C. cyst breakthrough into the free abdominal cavity
D. suppuration of an echinococcal cyst
E. breakthrough of a cyst in the gallbladder
38. A man of 33 years old, went to the clinic with complaints of heaviness in the right hypochondrium.
On examination, small-pointed skin rashes are noted. In the blood test, eosinophilia, accelerated ESR
and a positive Katsoni test. An ultrasound of the liver determines a homogeneous, cavity formation.
Which of the following diagnoses is MOST probable in this case?

A. liver cancer
B. solitary cyst of the liver
C. cirrhosis of the liver
D. liver echinococcosis
E. liver hemangioma

39. A patient suffering from lung abscess increased body temperature to 390s, weakness increased,
shortness of breath appeared. An ultrasound of the pleural cavity determines an inhomogeneous fluid.

Which of the following complications is MOST likely in a patient?

A. exudative pleurisy
B. empyema of pleura
C. pulmonary hemorrhage
D. pulmonary tuberculosis
E. pneumonia

40. When is it necessary to do auscultation of the aorta and its joints?

A. Rhine disease
B. arterial stenosis
C. Varicose veins
D. after thrombophlebitis syndrome
E. with acrocyanosis

41. A 28-year-old patient who came to the surgeon in a polyclinic complaining of sharp swelling of the
entire right upper limb after a sharp increase in weight, pain of a bursting nature. Movement and
sensitivity saved. The right upper limb is increased in volume throughout, the edema spreads to the
subclavian region and the anterolateral surface of the chest.

Which of the following diagnoses is MOST probable?

A. acute superficial vein thrombosis

B. acute subclavian vein thrombosis
C. phlegmon of the right upper limb
D. arthritis of the shoulder joint
E. shoulder hematoma

42. A man 32-year-old was clinically diagnosed with diffuse polyposis of the colon. Which of the
following operations is the most appropriate?

A. the imposition of the bypass ileorectostomy

B. segmental resection of the colon
C. removal of polyps of the colon
D. coloproctectomy
E. ileostomy

43. A man 70-year-old was admitted to the hospital with decompensation of partial colonic obstruction
due to a tumor of the sigmoid colon, established on the basis of clinical and endoscopic data; the
diagnosis was verified-histology: moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. On examination: bloating,
locally painful with palpation in the left abdomen, gas and stool for the last 12 hours do not depart.
Which of the following operations is the most appropriate?

A. subtotal colectomy
B. overlay transversectomy
C. left-sided hemicolectomy
D. obstructive resection of the sigmoid colon
E. sigmoid colon resection with anastomosis

44. A 44-year-old patient underwent Subtotal strumectomy for thyrotoxic goiter. In the postoperative
period, there is an increase in body temperature to 39.6 C, tachycardia to 140-145 beats per 1 minute,
as well as increased mental excitability. What is the most expected complication developed in the
postoperative period?

A. the discovered tracheal stenosis

B. postoperative hypothyroidism
C. thyrotoxic crisis
D. suppuration of the postoperative wound
E. iatrogenic damage to the recurrent nerve.

45. What is a disease in which excretory urography is considered the most informative study:

A. acute urinary retention

B. hydronephrosis.
C. vesicoureteral reflux
D. urinary incontinence
E. Neurogenic bladder

46. Cicatricial narrowing of the esophagus develops with burns:

A. Idegree
B. IIIdegree.
C. IIdegree
D. I-IIdegree
E. at all degrees

47. To confirm the diagnosis of cicatricial narrowing of the esophagus: 1) chest x-ray 2) contrast
radiography of the esophagus 3) double contrasting of the esophagus 4) esophagoscopy 5) blood
test 6) ultrasound 7) radioisotope research Answers:

A. 1,4,7
B. 2,3,4.
C. 2,6,7
D. 1,5,7
E. 2,3,7

48. Set a match. Pleural complications and treatment: 1) cloak pyothorax 2) empyema of pleura
3) pyopneumothorax 4) pyopneumothorax with a significant discharge of air into the drainage
Bulau system 5) lung abscessa. repeated pleural punctures b. active suction drainage c. temporary
bronchial occlusion d. lung resection e. segmental resection of the lung f. toroscopy g. single
puncture + antibiotics Answers:

A. 1а. 2b, 3c, 4d, 5e,

B. 1а, 2c, 3d, 4e, 5f,
C. 1b, 2c, 3d, 4f, 5g,
 D. 1g, 2а, 3b, 4c, 5f.
E. 1c, 2d, 3e, 4f, 5g.

49. Please provide the correct answers. In the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux the leading role is
played by: 1) sonography 2) angiography 3) pH measurement of the esophagus and stomach 4)
radiopaque examination 5) chest x-ray 6) FGDS 7) floor-mounted manometry of the esophagus and
cardiac section of the stomach:Answers:

A. 3,4,6,7
B. 1,4,5,6
C. 2,3,4,5
D. 1,3,5,7
E. 2,4,6,7

50. Indicate all correct answers. To aspiration syndrome in children early age lead: 1) atresia of the
esophagus 2) false diaphragmatic hernia 3) double aortic arch 4) reflux esophagitis 5) achalasia
cardia 6) paresis of the diaphragm 7) tracheoesophageal fistula Answers:

A. 1,5,7
B. 2,3,4
C. 3,4,5
D. 4,5,6
E. 5,6,7

51. Find the correct answers. Darkening of the posterior mediastinum radiologically manifested
diseases: 1) neuroblastoma 2) ganglioneuroma 3) thymoma 4) teratoma 5) bronchogenic cyst
6) lymphogranulomatosis 7) thymus hyperplasia Answers:

A. 1,2
B. 3,4
C. 3,5
D. 6,7
E. 1,3

52. Which of these symptoms are characteristic of patients with bronchiectasis:

A. inspiratory dyspnea
B. night cough
C. pain in the affected lung
D. local rales of various sizes.
E. dry cough

53. What explains respiratory failure in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: 1) lung compression 2)
inflection of large vessels 3) lung atelectasis 4) displacement of the mediastinum 5) displacement of
the trachea and lung Answers:

A. 3,4
B. 1,4
C. 1,2
D. 2,4
E. 1,3

54. The child drank a sip of acetic acid and immediately entered the hospital. What should be the gastric
lavage:
 A. alkaline solution
B. acidified solution
C. water at room temperature.
D. cold water
E. hot water

55. What are the physical findings for total pyothorax? 1) Damuaso line and the Rauchfus triangle in
older children with percussion 2) blunting percussion sound on the affected side 3) weakening of
breathing on the affected side 4) tympanitis on the affected side 5) hard breathing on the affected
side Answers:

A. 1,3,4
B. 3,4,5
C. 1,2,3.
D. 2,3,4
E. 1,4,5

56. A reliable clinical sign of pyloric stenosis is:

A. Hourglass symptom
B. profuse vomiting
C. weight loss
D. detection of a thickened pylorus on palpation.
E. tendency to constipatio

57. What is the treatment method for serous "cloisonne" pleurisy:

A. Bulau drainage of the pleural cavity

B. intensive care without intervention in the focus
C. drainage of the pleural cavity withactive aspiration
D. puncture of the pleural cavity.
E. bronchoscopy

58. What disease is hectic fever with chills?

A. acute cystitis
B. acute pyelonephritis
C. chronic prostatitis
D. acute urethritis
E. chronic epididymitis

59. The most effective treatment for paranephral abscess is:

A. perirenal blockade with antibiotic

B. operation - lumbotomy and drainage of the abscess
C. intravenous administration of antibiotics
D. endolymphatic administration of antibiotics
E. perinephral puncture

60. The most effective method for diagnosing closed kidney injuries is:

A. survey radiography
B. retrograde ureteropyelography
C. cystography
D. excretory urography
 E. chromocystoscopy

61. What is the most pathognomonic sign of a renal parenchyma tumor on an arteriogram?

A. the lack of filling of the contrast in the tumor

B. filling defect
C. random accumulation of contrast in the tumor
D. "dumb" kidney
E. delayed excretion of contrast medium

62. What is one of the main symptoms of urolithiasis?

A. urinary incontinence
B. nocturia
C. arterial hypertension
D. pain in the lumbar region
E. low-grade fever

63. As evidenced by the lack of indigo carmine kidney function between attacks of renal colic:

A. arterial hypertension
B. of sharply impaired renal function
C. about stricture of the ureter
D. about a fixed inflection of the ureter
E. about the high discharge of the ureter

64. The most common complaint in a horseshoe kidney is:

A. pain in the lumbar region

B. pollakiuria
C. polyuria
D. nocturia
E. abdominal pain around the navel

65. What is the common symptom not characteristic for acute pyelonephritis:

A. chills
B. temperature increase to 39-40 °
C. diarrhea
D. headache
E. nausea, vomiting

66. Differential diagnostic sign of a malignant tumor during angiography:

A. avascularized tumor
B. hypervascular tumor
C. hypovascular tumor
D. the nature of the blood supply to the kidney
E. all signs

67. Risk factors for stone formation do not include:

A. uraturia, oxalaturia
B. high levels of calcium, uric and oxalic acid in the blood and urine
C. leukocyturia, erythrocyturia, mucus in the urine
D. phosphaturia}
 E. high levels of urea and creatinine in the blood

68. For a patient with chronic pyelonephritis on an outpatient basis, it is MOST advisable:

A. salt restriction
B. fluid restriction
C. restriction of protein in the diet
D. the use of vitamins throughout the year
E. the alternation of uroseptic courses

69. On the review urogram with acute paranephritis observed:

A. scoliosis of the spine in the direction opposite to the lesion

B. scoliosis of the spine towards the lesion
C. rotation of the spine
D. the absence of contours of the lumbar muscle
E. the fuzziness of the contours of the XII ribs

70. What is the tactic for testicular torsion?

A. conservative
B. operational
C. blockage of the spermatic cord
D. physiotherapy (UHF)
E. waiting

71.How many weeks is a dislocation considered stale?

A. up to 3-4 weeks
B. up to 2 weeks
C. up to 5 weeks
D. up to a week
E. up to 6 weeks

72. Which of the following is the most characteristic clinical sign of ANAL FISSURE?

A. prolonged spasm of the sphincter

B. deformation of the perineum
C. itching in the anus
D. weakening of the sphincter tone with an empty ampoule
E. feeling of a foreign body in the anal canal.

73. Which of these methods of examination is the most informative in difficult diagnostic situations to
clarify the diagnosis of ACUTE APPENDICITIS?

A. laparoscopy
B. irrigoscopy
C. ERCP
D. FGDs
E. laparocentesis

74. What laboratory test suspects liver echinococcosis?

A. general blood analysis

B. coagulogram
C. RW blood test
 D. Katsoni test
E. blood sowing

75. What is the most informative diagnostic method for varicose veins of the lower extremities?

A. march test
B. Doppler ultrasound
C. phlebography
D. CT scan
E. selective angiography

76. Which of the following is the most REMOTE COMPLICATION OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS?

A. hypovolemic shock
B. abscess gland bags
C. pancreatic cyst
D. pancreatogenic peritonitis
E. pancreatic abscess

77. In a patient with suspected perforated ulcer ("dagger" pain, ulcerative history, défense musculaire of
abdomen), there is no pneumoperitoneum on an overview radiograph of the abdominal cavity.

What additional research method IS most justified in this case?

A. pneumogastrography
B. endoscopic retrograde cholangiography
C. computer tomography
D. duodenoscopy
E. EGD

78. A man, 35 years old, was admitted with a clinical picture of gastrointestinal bleeding. What research
method IS most justified to establish the source of bleeding?

A. overview radiography of the abdominal cavity

B. rectal examination
C. Abdominal ultrasound
D. fibrogastroduodenoscopy
E. transillumination

79. The man, 60, has been suffering from duodenal ulcer for about 15 years. During the last 6 months
have lost a lot of weight, worried about unmotivated fatigue and weakness. What method of research is
the MOST reasonably confirms the malignancy of an ulcer?

A. EGD with biopsy

B. endoscopic retrograde cholangiography
C. computer tomography
D. pneumocystography
E. duodenoscopy

80. The man, 63 years old, periodic vomiting of food eaten the day before, which brings relief. Ulcer
history for 10 years. On examination, the abdomen is determined by splashing noise. For what
complication of peptic ulcer disease is the most characteristic splash noise?

A. for ulcerative bleeding

B. for pyloroduodenal stenosis
C. for malignancy
 D. for penetration
E. for perforation

81. A 67-year-old male was admitted with a right-sided inguinal hernia.

Which of the following is THE most likely diagnostic technique determined during the examination?

A. shirts
B. falling drops
C. cough symptoms
D. splash noise
E. hepatic dullness

82. The patient admitted to the clinic of acute intestinal obstruction, during the cleansing enema failed
to enter no more than 500 ml of water.

In this case, the most likely symptom is?

A. Obukhiv hospital
B. Schiemann-Dance
C. Zoege von Manteuffel
D. Spasokukotsky
E. Valya

83. The patient is 40 years old, 6 hours after the infringement of the inguinal hernia, its spontaneous
reduction occurred. The patient was herniated. The next day, the patient's condition worsened, there
were signs of peritonitis.

The most likely cause of peritonitis is?

A. bleeding from the vessels of the spermatic cord

B. early commissural ileus
C. thrombosis of mesenteric vessels
D. necrotic bowel loop
E. pylephlebitis

84. A man of 47 years, came with complaints of bleeding and severe pain in the anus after defecation.
On examination, pronounced spasm of the sphincter.

Which of the following is the most likely preliminary diagnosis?

A. acute hemorrhoids
B. acute paraproctitis
C. stricture of the anal canal
D. acute anal fissure
E. thrombosis of hemorrhoids

85. Woman 57 years old complains of purulent discharge from the wound in the perineum. When
viewed in the perineum, the wound is determined by the size of 0, 3x0, 3 cm, from where pus is
released when pressed, the skin around is macerated. Which of these preliminary diagnoses is MOST
likely?

A. chronic hemorrhoids
B. chronic paraproctitis
C. stricture of the anal canal
D. chronic anal fissure
 E. thrombosis of hemorrhoids

86. What research method is the most informative in Crohn's disease:

A. ultrasound, x-ray
B. endoscopy, computed tomography
C. magnetic resonance imaging, x-ray
D. x-ray examination, endoscopy
E. ultrasound, endoscopy

87. A patient suffering from lung abscess increased body temperature to 390s, weakness increased,
shortness of breath appeared. On an ultrasound pleural cavity, an inhomogeneous fluid is determined. A
preliminary diagnosis of Pyothorax on the left.

Which of the following methods is MOST informative for confirming pyothorax?

A. blood chemistry
B. puncture of the pleural cavity
C. CT scan
D. bronchoscopy
E. biopsy

88. A boy of 16 years old, was admitted with complaints of pain in the right half of the chest, shortness
of breath, general weakness. A chest x-ray was performed, where the collapse of the right lung is
determined. Diagnosed with Spontaneous pneumothorax. Which treatment method is most
appropriate?

A. pleural puncture with aspiration of air

B. conservative therapy
C. drainage of the pleural cavity with active aspiration of air
D. thoracotomy
E. observation

89. With what diseases it is necessary to conduct differential diagnosis in varicose veins?

A. femoral hernia
B. Leriche's syndrome
C. lymphangitis
D. lymphostasis
E. diabetic angiopathy of the lower extremities

90. Which of the following is THE most likely contraindication for sclerotherapy in varicose veins of the
lower extremity?

A. loose type of lesion

B. soft, easily falling varicose veins
C. deep vein obstruction
D. relapse after surgical treatment
E. acute thrombophlebitis of subcutaneous veins of medical history

91. The patient was admitted a day later with complaints-severe pain in the right lower limb, numbness
and cold. The patient underwent a coronary angiography during the day.

Which of the following is the most likely disease to be suspected?

A. thrombosis
 B. embolism
C. heart attack
D. sciatica
E. peripheral spasm

92. A man of 60 years turned to the hospital with complaints of frequent urges to defecate, blood and
mucus in the feces, General weakness. These complaints are disturbing for 4 months. In rectal
examination: perianal area without features, sphincter is toned, at a distance of 7-8 cm from the
perianal skin there is a tumor on the posterior-left wall with a fine-edged surface. Which preliminary
diagnosis of the following is most likely?

A. cancer of the upper rectum

B. cancer of the lower rectum
C. cancer of the rectosigmoid colon
D. cancer of the middle-ampullary rectum
E. cancer of the anal canal

93. The earliest recognition of cancer of the stomach provides:

A. abdominal overview x-ray

B. search for "small signs" syndrome
C. gastroscopy
D. radiography of the stomach
E. laparoscopy

94. Which of the following is the most likely cause of early spread of esophageal tumors to the
mediastinum?

A. with a thin layer of mucosa

B. with weak vascularization
C. lack of a serous cover
D. with weak muscle layer
E. lack of submucosal layer

95. The most correct name of the operation in which the stomach and regional lymph nodes are
completely removed from all areas of metastasis?

A. resection of 1\2 of the stomach

B. gastrectomy
C. imposition of gastrostomy
D. distal Subtotal resection
E. proximal Subtotal resection

96. A 42-year-old patient was hospitalized for surgical treatment for diffuse thyrotoxic goiter.
Preoperative preparation is carried out in the surgical Department. What group of drugs is used to
prevent adrenal insufficiency?

A. electrolytes
B. anticoagulants
C. antihistamine drug
D. corticosteroids
E. thyrostatic drugs

97. A 35-year-old patient underwent surgery for thyrotoxic goiter. Later, postoperative hypothyroidism
developed. The appointment of which drug is most appropriate?
 A. Baralginum
B. Contrical
C. Thyreoidinum
D. Mercazolil
E. Calcium gluconate

98. A man of 52 years, went to the clinic with complaints of a feeling of heaviness in the epigastrium,
rapid saturation, burp accompanied by a foul rotten egg smell, copious vomiting of food eaten the day
before, significant weight loss. From anamnesis: within 7 years suffers from peptic ulcer disease,
repeatedly received outpatient treatment. Objectively: depleted, skin dry, turgor reduced, determined
by the symptom of the tail, trusso. Belly soft, defined by the sound of splashing. What complication of
peptic ulcer disease can you think of?

A. bleeding
B. pyloroduodenal stenosis
C. malignization
D. perforation
E. penetration

99. Patient 68 years old, complaining of inguinal hernia on the left, difficulty urinating. A preliminary
diagnosis of a Sliding hernia of the bladder.

Which of these methods of examination IS the most reasonable for diagnosis?

A. Ultrasound
B. irrigoscopy
C. colonoscopy
D. x-ray
E. cystography

100. During the operation for acute intestinal obstruction, a dark-colored loop of the small intestine and
hemorrhagic fluid in the abdominal cavity were found. What surgical tactics are the most appropriate?

A. the imposition of a bypass anastomosis

B. resection necrotic bowel
C. vagotomy
D. remove the colostomy
E. external drainage of the abdominal cavity