SUKKUR INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
SUKKUR
Example Sheet #2:
DC-DC Converter DCM
Example 1:
(a) Derive the steady state relationship for M(D,K) for a buck-boost
converter operating in the Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM).
(b) Show that the Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM)/ DCM boundary for
a buck-boost converter occurs when (1-D)2=Kcrit, where K=(2L/RTs), R
is load resistance and Ts is the switching time period.
(c) Show that the Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM)/ DCM boundary for
a buck converter occurs when (1-D)=Kcrit, where K=(2L/RTs), R is load
resistance and Ts is the switching time period.
(d) Show that the Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM)/ DCM boundary for
a boost converter occurs when D(1-D)2=Kcrit, where K=(2L/RTs), R is
load resistance and Ts is the switching time period.
Example 2:
The elements of the buck-boost converter of Fig: 1 are ideal: all losses may be
ignored.
(a) Show that the converter operates in discontinuous mode when K< Kcrit,
and derive expressions for K and Kcrit.
(b) Derive an expression for the dc conversion ratio V/Vg of the buck-boost
converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode.
(c) For K=0.1, plot V/Vg over the entire range 0 ≤ D ≤ 1.
(d) Sketch the inductor voltage and current waveforms for K=0.1 and D =
0.3. Label salient features.
(e) What happens to V at no load (R→∞)? Explain why, physically.
Example 3:
(a) With the aid of sketches of the inductor current for a buck-boost
converter, explain briefly the difference between continuous inductor
current mode (CCM) operation and discontinuous inductor current mode
(DCM) operation. Include the conduction periods for the main switch and
the diode on your waveform sketches.
(b) Derive the steady state output voltage to input voltage ratio (V/Vs) for a
buck-boost converter operating in the discontinuous conduction mode
(DCM). Show that the boundary between continuous conduction mode
(CCM) and (DCM) occurs when (1-D)2 = K, where K=(2L/RT), R is the
load resistance, L is the buck-boost inductor and Ts is the switching
period.
(c) By considering the input power averaged over one switching cycle, show
that the input of a buck-boost converter operating in DCM can be
modelled for frequencies well below the switching frequency by a
resistance of value:
R=2L/D2Ts
Example 4:
In the boost converter shown below. All other elements should be modeled
as ideal.
(a) Derive the conditions under which this converter operates in the
discontinuous conduction mode. Express your result in the form K < Kcrit
with K = 2L/(RTs). Kcrit is a function of D, Vd, and Vg. Write expression
for Kcrit.
(b) Derivation of inductor volt-second balance equation: write the equation
of the average inductor voltage in DCM. Your expression should be
written in terms of the input voltage Vg, output voltage V, diode forward
voltage drop Vd, interval 1 duty cycle D1, and interval 2 duty cycle D2.
(c) Derivation of capacitor charge balance equation: write the equation of
the average capacitor current in DCM. Your expression should be written
in terms of the input voltage Vg, output voltage V, inductance L, load
resistance R, interval 1 duty cycle D1, interval 2 duty cycle D2, and
switching period Ts.
(d) Solve your equations to derive an expression for the voltage conversion
ratio V/Vg in DCM. Your result will involve a quadratic expression.
