Contents:

Introduction................................................................................................................................2

Concept of condition..................................................................................................................3

Classification of conditions........................................................................................................3

Zero conditional.........................................................................................................................3

First conditional.........................................................................................................................3

Second conditional.....................................................................................................................4

Mixed Conditionals....................................................................................................................4

Conclusion..................................................................................................................................5
Introduction
Creating conditional sentences is an everyday part of your native language, and introducing
them into your English conversation can really improve the level of communication. There
are four conditionals in total, obviously starting with the most basic ones – the zero and the
first conditional, the second conditional and the third conditional. But in this work we will
only deal with the zero, first and second conditional. To get a general idea of how all
conditionals work and when they are used.

The same work is part of the 11th grade English subject, and presents the basic structure of an
academic work, including the introduction, development and conclusion.

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Concept of condition
Conditionals describe the result of a given condition. The “if” clause informs the condition
and the main clause informs the result. In other words, a conditional sentence is based on the
word ‘if’. There are always two parts to a conditional sentence, one part that begins with “if”
to describe a possible situation, and the second part that describes the consequence. And the
order of the clauses does not change the meaning. As the examples below illustrate:

Examples:
If you study hard, you will pass your exams.
You will pass your exams if you study hard.

Classification of conditions
Conditional sentences are often divided into different types.

Zero conditional
We use the zero conditional to talk about things that are generally true, especially for laws
and rules.

Rule: The structure is: if/when + present simple >> present simple.

Examples:
If I drink too much coffee, I can't sleep at night.
When the sun goes down, it gets dark.

First conditional
We use the first conditional when we talk about future situations we believe are real or
possible.

Rule: In first conditional sentences, the structure is usually: if/when + present simple >> will
+ infinitive.

Examples:
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll go to the beach.
Arsenal will be top of the league if they win.

It is also common to use this structure with unless, as long as, as soon as or in case instead of
“if”. As the examples below illustrate:

I'll leave as soon as the babysitter arrives.

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You can go to the party, as long as you're back by midnight.

Second conditional
The second conditional is used to imagine present or future situations that are impossible or
unlikely in reality.

Rule: The structure is usually: if + past simple >> + would + infinitive.

Examples:
If we had a garden, we could have a cat.

If I won a lot of money, I'd buy a big house in the country.

When “if” is followed by the verb be, it is grammatically correct to say if I were, if he were,
if she were and if it were. However, it is also common to hear these structures with was,
especially in “the” he/she form. As the examples below illustrate:

Examples:

If she was prime minister, she would invest more money in schools.

He would travel more if he was younger.

Mixed Conditionals
It’s possible to combine the second and third conditional in one sentence when we want to
make a hypothesis about the past that has a consequence in the present. In this case, the
structure is. Here are some examples:

If you’d studied harder, you’d be at a higher level now.

They’d have much more confidence if they hadn’t lost so many matches.

Difference between first and second conditional

The first conditional deals with possible conditions or situations. Whereas, the second
conditional refers to the present, and is used to talk about unreal situations now. In other
words, the first conditional is used to refer to the present or the future, so first conditional
sentences express possible future events or actions that are likely to happen. Whereas second
conditional sentences express unlikely or unrealistic future events.

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Conclusion
Having finished the work, we conclude that as a conditional sentence is based on the word
‘if’. There are always two parts to a conditional sentence, one part that begins with “if” to
describe a possible situation, and the second part that describes the consequence. There are 4
conditionals, which are: the zero conditional, the first conditional, the second conditional and
the third conditional, but in the work we only deal with the first three, but specifically the
first conditional and the second, where we conclude that the love ones differ because The first
conditional deals with possible conditions or situations. Whereas, the second conditional
refers to the present, and is used to talk about unreal situations now.