CL57
CL57
User Manual
CL57
Closed Loop Stepper Drive
Revision 3.1
Notice
Read this manual carefully before any assembling and using. Incorrect handling of products in this manual can result in
injury and damage to persons and machinery. Strictly adhere to the technical information regarding installation
requirements.
This manual is not for use or disclosure outside of Leadshine except under permission. All rights are reserved. No part
of this manual shall be reproduced, stored in retrieval form, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise without approval from Leadshine. While every precaution has been taken in the
preparation of the book, Leadshine assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed
for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
This document is proprietary information of Leadshine that is furnished for customer use ONLY. Information in this
document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Leadshine. Therefore,
information contained in this manual may be updated from time-to-time due to product improvements, etc., and may
not conform in every respect to former issues.
Record of Revisions
Table of Content
1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Features...................................................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Applications............................................................................................................................................................ 1
2. Specifications...................................................................................................................................................................2
2.2 Environment........................................................................................................................................................... 2
4. Motor Selection............................................................................................................................................................... 8
7. Typical Connection....................................................................................................................................................... 11
CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
9. Fault Protections...........................................................................................................................................................12
11. Accessories................................................................................................................................................................... 13
12. Troubleshooting.......................................................................................................................................................... 14
13. Warranty..................................................................................................................................................................... 16
1. Introduction
Leadshine CL57 is a closed loop stepper drive designed to solve the loss of step problem in open loop stepper
control systems, thus increase system reliability at minimal cost increase. It implements advanced control algorithm of
Leadshine based on its tens of years’ experience in stepper and servo controls. The CL57 is highly reliable and
affordable and performs excellent in many industrial applications such as CNC, medical, electronics, packaging...
The CL57 can power 2-phase NEMA 14, 17, 23, and 24 stepper motors with incremental encoders. Compared with
traditional open loop stepper systems, a CS-D508 adopted closed loop step system can eliminate potential loss of step,
make real-time position error correction, and do not need torque reservation (100% torque implementation). Also it can
power the driven stepper motor with reduced heating, lower noise, low vibration…
1.1 Features
No loss of step
No torque reservation
No hunting or overshooting
A configurable digital output for the option of Fault Output, In Position, or Brake Control
15 micro step settings of 800-51,200 via DIP switches, or 200-51,200 via software (increase by 200)
Protections for over voltage, over current and position following error
1.2 Applications
When a CL57 closed loop stepper drive is implemented with a compatible stepper motor with encoder, the closed
stepper system can be adopted in many small to median speed applications such as CNC routers, CNC mills, CNC
laser cutters, CNC plasma, lab automation instruments, plotters, medical equipment, electronic equipment, small
packaging machines, etc.
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
2. Specifications
2.2 Environment
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
(unit: mm [1inch=25.4mm])
It is recommended to mount the drive vertically to maximize heat dissipation. Mount a cooling fan nearby if
necessary.
If multiple CL57 drives are installed, it is suggested to keep a minimal 30mm (12 inches) between two of
them.
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
The P1 connector in Figure 2 contains connections for control signals and a configurable digital output.
a) Pinout Definitions
There are 3 control signals for pulse, direction, and enable. See the following table for details.
PUL+ I Pulse signal: (1). In single pulse (pulse & direction) control mode, this input represents pulse
signal. A pulse signal is active at the rising or falling voltage edge (set by DIP switch SW8).
(2). In double-pulse (CW/CCW) control mode (set by DIP switch SW7), this signal input
represents clockwise (CW) pulse, and is active at both high voltage level and low voltage level.
PUL- I
(3). 4.5-5V for voltage HIGH, 0-0.5V for voltage LOW (same for DIR and ENA signals). (4).
Pulse width should be set to 2.5μs or longer.
Direction signal: (1). In single pulse (step & direction) control mode, this signal’s low and high
DIR+ I
voltage levels represent the two directions of motor rotation (e.g. clockwise and
counterclockwise). (2). In double-pulse (CW & CCW) control mode, this signal represents
DIR- I
counterclockwise (CCW) rotation. It is active at both voltage high level and low level. (3).
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
Minimal DIR signal setup time should be at least 5μs. (4). You can reverse the default rotation
direction by toggling the SW5 DIP switch.
ENA+ I Enable signal: This signal is used for enabling/disabling the drive. High voltage level of
4.5-5VDC (NPN control signal) for enabling the drive and low voltage level of 0-0.5VDC for
disabling the drive. PNP and Differential control signals are on the contrary, namely Low level
ENA- I
for enabling. By default this signal is left UNCONNECTED & ENABLED.
ALM+ O Configurable Digital Output Signal: A configurable OC output signal. It takes a sinking or
sourcing 20mA current at 5-24V. It can to be configured as one of the 3 types, ALARM
ALM- O (default), IN POSITION, or BRAKE CONTROL through Leadshine ProTuner CS-D software.
Notes: (1) Shielding control signal wires is suggested; (2) to avoid/reduce interference, don’t tie control signal cables
and power wires together.
The digital output on the P1 connector, marked as ALM+ & ALM-, is software configurable (read Leadshine ProTuner
CS-D software manual). It can be configured as one of the available 3 options - Fault Output”, “In Position”, and
“Brake Control”. Read Leadshine ProTuner CS-D closed loop software manual for how to configure this output.
Fault Output
FAULT output is the default configuration. This output signals a fault condition including over-voltage,
over-current, or position following error. This output can be used to drive devices such as a relay, a LED, etc.; or as
an input signal to electronic devices like a PLC.
For example, in a multi-axis system like a CNC machine when one of the axes fails such a fault output signal can
be feedback to the motion controller for a followed action (e.g., auto machine shutdown, auto error clearing, etc.).
In Position
Use Leadshine ProTuner for CS-D software to configure this output as an IN POSITION output. In this case, an
output signal can be sent out when the targeted position is in the “Target” range (see parameter Distance to Send
"In position" Output Signal in software manual) to external devices such as relays, motion controllers, PLCs, IO
boards, etc.
Brake Control
Use Leadshine ProTuner for CS-D software to configure this output as a BRAKE CONTROL output. In this case,
this signal can be used for automatic brake control while system power failure. It is recommended to connect a
fly-wheel diode in parallel to a 24VDC relay and brake coil connection. Refer to the following figure for brake
connection.
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
CL57
The CL57 can accept differential and single-ended control signal inputs (open-collector and PNP output). A
CL57 has 3 optically isolated control inputs, PUL, DIR, and ENA. Refer to the following two figures for
connections of open-collector and PNP signals.
CL57 CL57
(Common-cathode) (Common-anode)
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
The P2 connector in Figure 2 is for encoder signal connection. Refer to the following table for details.
The P3 connector in Figure 2 is for motor connection. Refer to the following table for details.
The P4 connector in Figure 2 is for power supply connection. Refer to the following table for details.
The P5 connector in Figure 2 is a RS232 communication port for PC connection. Refer to the following pin definitions.
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
1 NC - Not connected.
6 NC - Not connected.
Notes: RS232 connection of CL57 is for tuning purpose only, not for RS232 command controls.
There are two LED lights for CL57, one red and one green. The GREEN one is the power indicator which will be
always on generally. The RED one is a protection indicator. It is off always when a CL57 operates normally, but
will flash 1, 2 or 7 times in a 5-second period when error protection is enabled. Different number of flashes indicates
different protection type (read Section 9).
4. Motor Selection
The CL57 is designed to power 2-phase (or 4-phase 0.9 degree) NEMA 17/23/24 stepper motors under 10000-line
incremental encoders (recommend 1000-line). Leadshine offers many high performance stepper motors compatible
with the CL57 which you can find in the Appendix A of this document. The CL57 can also power similar
stepper motors with incremental encoders from third-party suppliers.
Notes: Contact with Leadshine for stepper motor with 2000-line, 2500-line, 5000-line encoders.
The CL57 can power small and medium size closed loop stepper motors (frame size from NEMA17 to 24) from
Leadshine (see Appendix A) or other motor manufacturers. To get good system performance, it is important to select
proper supply voltage and output current. Generally speaking, supply voltage determines the high speed performance
of the motor, while output current determines the output torque of the driven motor (particularly at lower speed).
Higher supply voltage will allow higher motor speed to be achieved, at the price of more noise and heating. If the
motion speed requirement is low, it’s better to use lower supply voltage to decrease noise, heating and improve
reliability.
Notes: See Appendix B at the end of this document for Leadshine CS-D508 compatible switching power supplies
specially designed for stepper & servo controls.
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
Both regulated and unregulated power supplies can be used to supply the drive. However, unregulated power supplies
are preferred due to their ability to withstand current surge and fast response for current change. If you prefer to a
regulated power supply, it is suggested to choose such a power supply specially designed for stepper/servo controls
such as Leadshine RPS series (http://www.leadshine.com/producttypes.aspx?producttype=regulated-switching). Or, in
the case when only normal switching power supplies are available, it is important to use “OVERSIZE” high current
output rating power supplies (for example, using a 4A power supply for 3A stepper motor) to avoid problems such as
current clamp. On the other hand, if unregulated supply is used, one may use a power supply of lower current rating
than that of motor (typically 50%-70% of motor current). The reason is that the drive draws current from the power
supply capacitor of the unregulated supply only during the ON duration of the PWM cycle, but not during the OFF
duration. Therefore, the average current withdrawn from power supply is considerably less than motor current. For
example, two 3A motors can be well supplied by one power supply of 4A rating.
Multiple CL57 drives can share one power supply to save space and reduce cost, if that power supply has enough
power capacity. To avoid cross interference, connect each stepper drive directly to the shared power supply separately.
To avoid cross interference, DO NOT daisy-chain connect the power supply input pins of the Drivers. Instead connect
them to power supply separately.
The CL57 is designed to operate within 20-50VDC voltage input. When selecting a power supply, besides voltage
from the power supply power line voltage fluctuation and back EMF voltage generated during motor deceleration
needs also to be taken into account. Ideally it is suggested to use a power supply with the output of 20-48VDC, leaving
room for power line voltage fluctuation and back-EMF.
Higher supply voltage can increase motor torque at higher speeds, thus helpful for avoiding losing steps. However,
higher voltage may cause bigger motor vibration at lower speed, and it may also cause over-voltage protection or even
drive damage. Therefore, it is suggested to choose only sufficiently high supply voltage for intended applications.
The CL57 has a built-in 8-bit DIP switch to set microstep resolution, motor direction, auto tuning switch and so on.
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CL57 8 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
Microstep resolution is set by SW1, 2, 3, 4 of the DIP switches as shown in the following table:
800 off on on on
1600 on off on on
6400 on on off on
1000 on on on off
Function On Off
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
7. Typical Connection
A complete closed loop stepper system should include a stepper motor with encoder, CL57 drive, power supply and
controller (pulse generator). A typical connection is illustrated in figure 6.
CL57
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
Remark:
a) t1: ENA must be ahead of DIR by at least 500ms. Usually, ENA+ and ENA- are NC (not connected). See
“Connector P1 Configurations” for more information.
b) t2: DIR must be ahead of PUL effective edge by 5us to ensure correct direction;
9. Fault Protections
Blink
Sequence wave of red LED Description Trouble shooting
time(s)
0.2S
5S
Turn off the power immediately.
1 Over-current a) Check wiring is short-circuited or not;
b) Check motor is short-circuited or not.
0.3S 0.2S
5S
Turn off the power immediately.
2 Over-voltage a) Check if the power voltage is higher
than 90VDC
Restart the power supply, if the drive is
3 Chip error
still alarm, please contact after-sale
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
When above protections are active, the motor shaft will be free or the red LED blinks. Reset the drive by repowering it
to make it function properly after removing above problems.
The CL57 is designed for simple setup and implementation. For most applications no software configuration or
tuning is needed especially when driving Leadshine stepper motors with encoders (see Appendix A). If you want to do
fine tuning or custom configurations such as micro-step, current percentage change…, you can use Leadshine’s free
ProTuner software to make the changes.
11. Accessories
If you plan to use the ProTuner software, contact your supplier or Leadshine to purchase the RS232 cable with part
number CABLE-PC for connecting the CL57 to a computer with Windows 7/8/10 installed. In the case of using
USB to RS232 conversion, contact your supplier or Leadshine for such a cable with part number USB2.0-232 which
has been verified working fine.
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
CABLE-PC USB2.0-232
12. Troubleshooting
In the event that your drive doesn’t operate properly, the first step is to identify whether the problem is electrical or
mechanical in nature. The next step is to isolate the system component that is causing the problem. As part of this
process you may have to disconnect the individual components that make up your system and verify that they operate
independently. It is important to document each step in the troubleshooting process. You may need this documentation
to refer back to at a later date, and these details will greatly assist our Technical Support staff in determining the
problem should you need assistance.
Many of the problems that affect motion control systems can be traced to electrical noise, controller software errors, or
mistake in wiring.
Motor is not rotating Fault condition exists Check wiring and restart power
Wrong motor rotation direction The Direction signal level is reverse Toggling the SW5 DIP switch
Red light flashes once in a 5-second The motor coil may short circuit or exiting
period the wrong wiring
Red light flashes twice in a 5-second The power supply exceeds Max. operation
period voltage
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
Motor stalls during acceleration Motor is undersized for the application Choose another motor with higher torque
Excessive motor & drive heating Reduce the current value refer to motor
Motor peak current setting is too high
datasheet
Motor vibration when power on Speed loop Kp is too high Reduce the speed loop Kp value
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
13. Warranty
Leadshine Technology Co., Ltd. warrants its products against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 12
months from shipment out of factory. During the warranty period, Leadshine will either, at its option, repair or replace
products which proved to be defective.
Exclusions
The above warranty does not extend to any product damaged by reasons of improper or inadequate handlings by
customer, improper or inadequate customer wirings, unauthorized modification or misuse, or operation beyond the
electrical specifications of the product and/or operation beyond environmental specifications for the product.
To obtain warranty service, please contact your seller to obtain a returned material authorization number (RMA) before
returning product for service.
If your product fail during the warranty period, please contact your seller for how and where to ship the failed product
for warranty or repair services first, you can also e-mail customer service at [email protected] to obtain a returned
material authorization number (RMA) before returning product for service. Please include a written description of the
problem along with contact name and address.
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
The following Leadshine stepper motors with 1000-line encoders have been tested working with the CL57 closed
loop stepper drive.
Note: all above stepper motors are mounted with 1000-line incremental encoders, also can contact with Leadshine for
stepper motors with 2000-line, 2500-line, 5000-line encoders.
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CSL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
It is highly suggested to use the following Leadshine power supplies to power CL57 to get optimized performance.
Those power supply are specially designed for stepper and servo controls.
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CL57 Closed Loop Stepper Drive User Manual
It is highly recommended to choose a Leadshine closed stepper motor along with the CL57 closed loop stepper
drive, for getting the best system performance and easy setup. See Appendix A for frequently purchased Leadshine
closed loop stepper motors.
For an OEM project if you can’t find one on Appendix A meeting your requirements there, contact Leadshine sales
directly by emailing [email protected] . c l o u d r a y carry’s many other custom models
and there may be one there which can satisfy your application need already.
In the case of powering a third party closed loop stepper motor, pay special attention as described below.
If protection error is still seen after the above steps, contact your CL57 drive supplier or Leadshine
technical support.
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